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Web 2.0 y algo más. Moving Beyond Web 2.0. Marshall Breeding Director for Innovative Technologies and Research Vanderbilt University http://staffweb.library.vanderbilt.edu/breeding http://www.librarytechnology.org/. Abstract. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Web 2.0 y algo Web 2.0 y algo más.más.
Moving Beyond Web 2.0Moving Beyond Web 2.0
Marshall BreedingMarshall BreedingDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchDirector for Innovative Technologies and ResearchVanderbilt UniversityVanderbilt University
http://staffweb.library.vanderbilt.edu/breedinghttp://www.librarytechnology.org/
AbstractAbstract
““Web 2.0 and Beyond”Web 2.0 and Beyond” describes describes the efforts to bring social computing the efforts to bring social computing into the way that libraries provide into the way that libraries provide their Web-based services. This their Web-based services. This lecture will include information on lecture will include information on ways that libraries can adopt these ways that libraries can adopt these concepts and technologies in the concepts and technologies in the short term and incorporate them in short term and incorporate them in longer term automation strategies.longer term automation strategies.
Key library technology Key library technology strategystrategy
Support the core mission of the Support the core mission of the librarylibrary
Deliver library content and servicesDeliver library content and services Automation for all aspects of library Automation for all aspects of library
operationsoperations
Web 2.0 ContextWeb 2.0 Context
Web 1.0Web 1.0
Static WebStatic Web Information silosInformation silos One-way communicationOne-way communication
Web 2.0Web 2.0
Coined by O’Rielly Media in 2004Coined by O’Rielly Media in 2004 Web + Social ComputingWeb + Social Computing Dynamic ContentDynamic Content Highly interactiveHighly interactive CollaborativeCollaborative Focus on the userFocus on the user Focus on communitiesFocus on communities
Web 2.0 examplesWeb 2.0 examples
RSS delivery of contentRSS delivery of content Blogs – Web logs + commentsBlogs – Web logs + comments Wikis – content created in Wikis – content created in
communitycommunity Instant Messaging, SMS, Instant Messaging, SMS, Voice over IP – SkypeVoice over IP – Skype PodcastingPodcasting vlogsvlogs
Web 2.0 supporting Web 2.0 supporting technologiestechnologies
Web servicesWeb services XML APIsXML APIs AJAX (asynchronous JavaScript and AJAX (asynchronous JavaScript and
XML)XML) MicroformatsMicroformats OpenSearch vs SRU/SRWOpenSearch vs SRU/SRW
Web 2.0 media Web 2.0 media Rich media – beyond textRich media – beyond text Music and audioMusic and audio
Well experienced: File swapping, p2p, iPod, Well experienced: File swapping, p2p, iPod, MP3MP3
VideoVideo Recreational and academic: youtube.com, Recreational and academic: youtube.com,
myspace.com/video, yahoo! Video, bittorrent myspace.com/video, yahoo! Video, bittorrent Opportunities to remix. Usually Opportunities to remix. Usually
recreational, but explore ways to tap this recreational, but explore ways to tap this interest with an academic slant.interest with an academic slant.
The sprit of Web 2.0The sprit of Web 2.0
YouTubeYouTube FacebookFacebook MySpaceMySpace FlickrFlickr
Library 2.0Library 2.0
First mentioned by Michael CaseyFirst mentioned by Michael Casey Web 2.0 + Library = Library 2.0Web 2.0 + Library = Library 2.0 Apply Web 2.0 concepts to library Apply Web 2.0 concepts to library
applicationsapplications
ExamplesExamples Library BlogsLibrary Blogs New book lists through RSSNew book lists through RSS WikisWikis
Intranets for staff documentationIntranets for staff documentation Collaborative resources for library usersCollaborative resources for library users
Enriched library catalogsEnriched library catalogs User participation in library resourcesUser participation in library resources
User tagging in catalogUser tagging in catalog ReviewsReviews RatingsRatings
Web 2.0 BenefitsWeb 2.0 Benefits
Major improvements in library Web Major improvements in library Web presencepresence
Better engagement of library usersBetter engagement of library users Fuels energy and engagement of Fuels energy and engagement of
librarianslibrarians Sparks InnovationSparks Innovation
Web 2.0 CritiqueWeb 2.0 Critique
Beyond Web 2.0Beyond Web 2.0 Web 2.0 concepts already 4+ years oldWeb 2.0 concepts already 4+ years old Time to start considering next phases of Web Time to start considering next phases of Web
developmentdevelopment Many libraries have implemented Web 2.0 Many libraries have implemented Web 2.0
concepts in concepts in ad hocad hoc ways ways There has been a proliferation of Web 2.0 silos There has been a proliferation of Web 2.0 silos
that are not well integrated with the strategic that are not well integrated with the strategic technology infrastructure that libraries rely on technology infrastructure that libraries rely on for the automation of their operations and for the for the automation of their operations and for the delivery of their content and services on the Webdelivery of their content and services on the Web
Better integration of new Web concepts into Better integration of new Web concepts into library technology infrastructurelibrary technology infrastructure
Web 3.0Web 3.0
Web 2.0 + artificial intelligenceWeb 2.0 + artificial intelligence Semantic WebSemantic Web Web 2.0 + enterprise computingWeb 2.0 + enterprise computing
Some of the problems with Some of the problems with current Web 2.0 effortscurrent Web 2.0 efforts
Many/Most Web 2.0 projects result in Many/Most Web 2.0 projects result in silos of contentsilos of content
No way to integrate Web 2.0 applications No way to integrate Web 2.0 applications with other content managed by a librarywith other content managed by a library
Often isolated from the key mission of Often isolated from the key mission of delivering content and services to usersdelivering content and services to users
Can even push users out of the library Can even push users out of the library Web presence when we need to be Web presence when we need to be funneling them inwardfunneling them inward
Sustainability: many dead library blogsSustainability: many dead library blogs
Web 2.0 Systems Web 2.0 Systems Architecture Architecture
Uncoordinated matrix of data and usersUncoordinated matrix of data and users No curation of content residing in Web 2.0 No curation of content residing in Web 2.0
applicationsapplications Lack of interoperability of Web 2.0 Lack of interoperability of Web 2.0
applicationsapplications Lack of identity management. Web 2.0 Lack of identity management. Web 2.0
applications inherently rely on user interaction applications inherently rely on user interaction with content. Currently there are few Web 2.0 with content. Currently there are few Web 2.0 applications that integrate with the identity of applications that integrate with the identity of library patrons as managed by their basic library patrons as managed by their basic automation infrastructure. E.g. ILS.automation infrastructure. E.g. ILS.
What’s beyond Web 2.0?What’s beyond Web 2.0?
Don’t plateau at Web 2.0 but Don’t plateau at Web 2.0 but continue the evolution of library continue the evolution of library technologies toward a fully technologies toward a fully collaborative model of computing.collaborative model of computing.
Must evolve into an organized fabric Must evolve into an organized fabric of interrelated Web services.of interrelated Web services.
Evolve Web 2.0 to enterprise Evolve Web 2.0 to enterprise technologiestechnologies
State of library State of library automationautomation
Largely in the Web 1.0 realmLargely in the Web 1.0 realm Fragmented set of tools for library Fragmented set of tools for library
automationautomation Fragment user experienceFragment user experience Next-generation catalogs helping to Next-generation catalogs helping to
move into Web 2.0move into Web 2.0
Library Catalog Library Catalog DevelopmentDevelopment
Problems with the legacy Problems with the legacy OPACOPAC
A look and feel that may not meet the A look and feel that may not meet the expectations of the current generation of Web-expectations of the current generation of Web-savvy users.savvy users.
The conventional library environment requires The conventional library environment requires users to interact with many different interfaces, users to interact with many different interfaces, and search many different resources.and search many different resources.
Overly complex Overly complex Not always intuitiveNot always intuitive Users have to go to different places to find Users have to go to different places to find
different kinds of information on a given topic: different kinds of information on a given topic: Library OPAC for books, Article and E-journal Library OPAC for books, Article and E-journal locators for articles.locators for articles.
An urgent needAn urgent need Baby boomers and Gen X’rs are happier with Baby boomers and Gen X’rs are happier with
traditional forms of content and existing modes traditional forms of content and existing modes of serviceof service
Millennials will move on to non-library provided Millennials will move on to non-library provided information sources and services if not readily information sources and services if not readily satisfiedsatisfied
There is a lot at stake for the future of libraries There is a lot at stake for the future of libraries in adapting to generational transitions.in adapting to generational transitions.
Web 2.0 provides a metaphor and model for Web 2.0 provides a metaphor and model for adapting library services to today’s Web-savvy adapting library services to today’s Web-savvy users.users.
Web 2.0 flavoringsWeb 2.0 flavorings
A more social and collaborative A more social and collaborative approachapproach
Web Tools and technology that Web Tools and technology that foster collaborationfoster collaboration
Blogs, wiki, blogs, tagging, social Blogs, wiki, blogs, tagging, social bookmarking, user rating, user bookmarking, user rating, user reviewsreviews
Library OPAC 1.0Library OPAC 1.0
Feature rich, but complexFeature rich, but complex Advanced Boolean SearchAdvanced Boolean Search Textual displaysTextual displays Results in alphabetical or catalog Results in alphabetical or catalog
key orderkey order Slow, cumbersomeSlow, cumbersome Focused on the physical inventoryFocused on the physical inventory
Change underwayChange underway
Widespread dissatisfaction with most of Widespread dissatisfaction with most of the current OPACs. Many efforts toward the current OPACs. Many efforts toward next-generation catalogs and interfaces.next-generation catalogs and interfaces.
Movement among libraries to break out of Movement among libraries to break out of the current mold of library catalogs and the current mold of library catalogs and offer new interfaces better suited to the offer new interfaces better suited to the expectations of library users. expectations of library users.
Decoupling of the front-end interface from Decoupling of the front-end interface from the back-end library automation system.the back-end library automation system.
Working toward next Working toward next generation library generation library
interfacesinterfaces Redefinition of the library catalogRedefinition of the library catalog More comprehensive information More comprehensive information
discovery environmentsdiscovery environments Better information delivery toolsBetter information delivery tools More powerful search capabilitiesMore powerful search capabilities More elegant presentationMore elegant presentation
Redefinition of library Redefinition of library catalogscatalogs
Traditional notions of the library catalog Traditional notions of the library catalog are being questionedare being questioned
It’s no longer enough to provide a catalog It’s no longer enough to provide a catalog limited to print resourceslimited to print resources
Digital resources cannot be an afterthoughtDigital resources cannot be an afterthought Forcing users to use different interfaces Forcing users to use different interfaces
depending on type of content becoming depending on type of content becoming less tenableless tenable
Libraries working toward consolidated Libraries working toward consolidated search environments that give equal search environments that give equal footing to digital and print resourcesfooting to digital and print resources
Library OPAC 2.0Library OPAC 2.0
Satisfying to the Web-savvy userSatisfying to the Web-savvy user Faceted browsing – drill-down model Faceted browsing – drill-down model
of searchof search Graphical displays – cover art imagesGraphical displays – cover art images Enriched content – TOC, summariesEnriched content – TOC, summaries User tagging, folksonomies, ratings, User tagging, folksonomies, ratings,
reviewsreviews Federated search as a separate serviceFederated search as a separate service
The CompetitionThe Competition
Better?Better?
Better?Better?
Provide an integrated user Provide an integrated user experienceexperience
Tag items in catalogTag items in catalog System delivers content in ways that System delivers content in ways that
take into account the preferences take into account the preferences and previous selections of usersand previous selections of users Recommendation servicesRecommendation services Option for relevancy based on user’s Option for relevancy based on user’s
past search behavior past search behavior Reviews and ratingsReviews and ratings
Library OPAC 3.0Library OPAC 3.0 Comprehensive search environment:Comprehensive search environment:
Digital on equal footing with printDigital on equal footing with print Federated search as an integrated service: access to full-text of Federated search as an integrated service: access to full-text of
subscribed contentsubscribed content Beyond MARC metadata: Dublin Core XML, Onix, etc: Beyond MARC metadata: Dublin Core XML, Onix, etc:
full-text searchingfull-text searching Searching “inside the book”Searching “inside the book” Integrated resource sharing architectureIntegrated resource sharing architecture A more social OPAC with built-in tools for collaborationA more social OPAC with built-in tools for collaboration Fully integrated with other community and campus Fully integrated with other community and campus
resourcesresources ILS fully integrated with other information and business ILS fully integrated with other information and business
systemssystems One-click fulfillmentOne-click fulfillment
Deep searchDeep search Entering post-metadata search eraEntering post-metadata search era Increasing opportunities to search the full contentsIncreasing opportunities to search the full contents
Google Library Print, Google Publisher, Open Google Library Print, Google Publisher, Open Content Alliance, Microsoft Live Book Search, etc.Content Alliance, Microsoft Live Book Search, etc.
High-quality metadata will improve search precisionHigh-quality metadata will improve search precision Commercial search providers already offer “search Commercial search providers already offer “search
inside the book”inside the book” No comprehensive full text search for books quite yetNo comprehensive full text search for books quite yet Not currently available through library search Not currently available through library search
environmentsenvironments Deep search highly improved by high-quality metadataDeep search highly improved by high-quality metadataSee: Systems Librarian, May 2008 “Beyond the current generation of next-generation interfaces: See: Systems Librarian, May 2008 “Beyond the current generation of next-generation interfaces:
deeper search”deeper search”
Beyond Web 2.0Beyond Web 2.0
Readying library collections and Readying library collections and catalogs for the next generation will catalogs for the next generation will require more than a cosmetic touch-require more than a cosmetic touch-upup
Prompts libraries to accelerate Prompts libraries to accelerate changes already underwaychanges already underway
Multiple frontsMultiple fronts
Continued development of new Continued development of new interfaces that embrace interfaces that embrace collaborative computingcollaborative computing
Reinvent basic automation systems Reinvent basic automation systems Provide better support for the Provide better support for the
collaboration and user interactivity collaboration and user interactivity into the core automation into the core automation infrastructure.infrastructure.
ILS still in Web 1.0 realmILS still in Web 1.0 realm
The current ILS model does not lend The current ILS model does not lend itself to Web 2.0 conceptsitself to Web 2.0 concepts
Front-end evolving, back-end Front-end evolving, back-end modules locked into legacy modelsmodules locked into legacy models
ILS: ever diminishing ILS: ever diminishing rolerole
Many libraries putting much less emphasis on Many libraries putting much less emphasis on ILSILS
Just an inventory system for physical materialsJust an inventory system for physical materials Investments in electronic content increasingInvestments in electronic content increasing Management of e-content handled outside of the Management of e-content handled outside of the
ILSILS Yet: libraries need comprehensive business Yet: libraries need comprehensive business
automation more than ever. Mandate for more automation more than ever. Mandate for more efficient operations. Do more with less.efficient operations. Do more with less.
Fulfillment orientedFulfillment oriented
Search works more like shoppingSearch works more like shopping Content silos > syndicated content Content silos > syndicated content
providersproviders Fulfillment = Circulation + ILL + Fulfillment = Circulation + ILL +
Consortial borrowing + Consortial borrowing +
Example: Blog module Example: Blog module for ILS for ILS
Create interoperability for Create interoperability for traditional Web 2.0 functionalitytraditional Web 2.0 functionality
Become part of library discovery Become part of library discovery environmentenvironment
Curated contentCurated content Makes use of patron profile in the Makes use of patron profile in the
ILSILS
ChallengesChallenges Web 2.0 community:Web 2.0 community:
Evolution toward enterprise approachEvolution toward enterprise approach Explore ways to bring concepts into systems that Explore ways to bring concepts into systems that
deliver core content and servicesdeliver core content and services Automation VendorsAutomation Vendors
More modern systems based on services oriented More modern systems based on services oriented architecturearchitecture
Embrace collaborative computing and social Embrace collaborative computing and social networkingnetworking
Better interoperabilityBetter interoperability Fewer isolated products Fewer isolated products
Open source communityOpen source community Work toward new generation of library automationWork toward new generation of library automation Not simply open source versions of legacy systemsNot simply open source versions of legacy systems
Challenges and Challenges and Opportunities aboundOpportunities abound
An exciting time for librariesAn exciting time for libraries Web 2.0 fuels new excitement for Web 2.0 fuels new excitement for
modernizing library services and modernizing library services and supporting technologiessupporting technologies
Projects underway that attempt a more Projects underway that attempt a more comprehensive approach for library comprehensive approach for library automationautomation
Need to bring Web 2.0 concepts into the Need to bring Web 2.0 concepts into the core of library automationcore of library automation
Questions and Questions and DiscussionDiscussion