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Weathering & Erosion Unit Review
Question #1
What is the change in physcial form or chemical composition of rock materials on the Earth’s surface?
Answer:
Weathering
Question #2:
What is the type of weathering when rocks are physically broken down?
Answer:
Mechanical
Question #3:
What is the type of weathering when rocks change their chemical composition?
Answer:
Chemical
Question #4:
What is it called when water seeps into cracks, freezes, and expands, breaking the rock around it?
Answer:
Ice wedging
Question #5:
What is the type of weathering when plant roots work to break up rock?
Answer:
organic
Question #6:
What is it called when rocks rub against each other and wear down?
Answer:
abrasion
Question #7:
What is the chemical reaction called that breaks down rocks with water?
Answer:
Hydrolysis
Question #8:
Which type of rock weathers the fastest?
Answer:
Sedimentary rock
Question #9:
Which type of sedimentary rock weathers the fastest?
Answer:
Limestone
Question #10:
Which type of rock does not weather easily?
Answer:
Quartzite
Question #11:
Which will weather faster: a large rock or the large rock broken into pieces?
Answer:
The large rock broken into pieces
Question #12:
What are the four factors that affect the rate of weathering?
Answer:
Composition, exposure, climate, topography
Question #13:
In what type of climates does weathering occur slowly?
Answer:
Hot and dry OR cold and dry
Question #14:
What is the process by which the products of weathering are transported?
Answer:
erosion
Question #15:
The main difference between erosion and weathering is that erosion involves what?
Answer:
transportation
Question #16:
What is the NAME of the top layer of soil?
Answer:
Humus
Question #17
Which layer of soil has all the organic activity?
Answer:
humus
Question #18:
What is the NAME of the second layer of soil from the top?
Answer:
regolith
Question #19:
Which layer of soil has minerals that were leached down?
Answer:
regolith
Question #20:
What is the name of the third layer of soil from the top?
Answer:
Partially weathered bedrock
Question #21:
What is the name of the bottom layer of soil?
Answer:
bedrock
Question #22:
What is the smallest soil particle called?
Answer:
clay
Question #23:
What is the middle sized soil particle called?
Answer:
silt
Question #24:
What is the largest soil particle called?
Answer:
sand
Question #25
What is a cross section in which layers of the soil and the bedrock beneath the soil can be seen?
Answer:
A soil profile
Question #26:
What is a layer of soil called?
Answer:
Soil horizon
Question #27:
What is the process in which water carried dissolved minerals to lower layers of rock?
Answer:
leaching
Question #28:
In what type of climate does chemical weathering occur the fastest?
Answer:
Hot, wet
Question #29:
What kind of land is best for crops?
Answer:
Flat with drainage
Question #30:
What is it called when farmers make cuts in the land that eventually get big enough for erosion?
Answer:
gullying
Question #31:
What is it called when farmers plow up and down slopes to allow water to run off the slopes?
Answer:
furrowing
Question #31:
What is it called when farmers use methods to slow erosion?
Answer:
Soil conservation
Question #32:
What is a method farmers use for soil conservation??
Answer:
Crop rotation
Question #33:
What are the four agents of erosion?
Answer:
Wind, water, glaciers, gravity
Question #34:
What is the movement of fragments down a slope called?
Answer:
Mass movement
Question #35:
What is a rapid mass movement called?
Answer:
Landslide, mud flow, avalanche
Question #36:
What is a slow mass movement called?
Answer:
creep
Question #37:
What are steep landforms with high elevation called?
Answer:
mountains
Question #38:
If mountains have low, rounded tops, are they probably young or old??
Answer:
old
Question #39:
What are gently sloped or flat surfaces at or below sea level called??
Answer:
plains
Question #40:
What are high-elevation flat surfaces above sea level called?
Answer:
plateaus
Question #41:
How would you classify the soil if the pH is less than 7?
Answer:
acidic
Question #42:
What is the term that describes how much water the soil can hold?
Answer:
porosity
Question #43:
Which term describes how well water can flow through soil?
Answer:
permeability
Question #44:
What is the process by which the products of weathering are transported called?
Answer:
erosion
Question #45:
What are the spaces in between the soil particles called?
Answer:
Pore spaces
Have fun studying!!