EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE REVIEW GAME

Weathering, erosion, and deposition

Use the following list, and match each with its appropriate statement:Hydrolysis Mass wasting Frost wedgingExfoliation Erosion Weathering

1.More evident in Alaska than Texas2.Movement of Earth material from one place to

another3. Decomposition of feldspar into kaolinite4. Gravity influences this form of erosion and

deposition5. Repeated exposure to temperature extremes

might influence this form of mechanical weathering

6. Chemical and mechanical break-down of rock

Frost wedging

erosion

Hydrolysis

Mass wasting

Exfoliation

Wx

Use the following and match to the appropriate term or phrase:

Mechanical Weathering Chemical Weathering

7. Frost wedging 8. Root pry 9. Hydrolysis10. Decomposition11. Oxidation12. Exfoliation13. Thermal Expansion14. Abrasion

Mechanical Wx

Mechanical Wx

Chemical Wx

Chemical Wx

Chemical Wx

Mechanical Wx

Mechanical Wx

Mechanical Wx

15. Which of the following statements is true?• Mechanical weathering influences the rate of

chemical weathering.• Chemical weathering influences the rate of

mechanical weathering.• Both of these statements is true.

ANS: Chemical weathering influences the rate of mechanical weathering

16. Describe two factors that influence the rate of water erosion.

ANS: Gradient (slope); discharge (volume); Channel size and shape

Use the following list to answer the questions below:

Youth Maturity Old age

17. Life stage of a river where you might you find rapids, and waterfalls

ANS: Youth

18. Large meanders may be found during this stage

ANS: Old age

19. Oxbow lake formation along a river may occur during this stage

ANS: Old age

20. The most destructive erosional force on the surface of the Earth is…

ANS: running water

21. Name two factors that increase the effectiveness of wind erosion

ANS: Size of particles being carried; duration of the wind; speed of the wind; resistance of the exposed surface

22. What is deflation?ANS: Type of wind erosion that occurs when

sand, silt and clay are picked up and carried a distance.

23. What is the name of a deposit created by deflation?

ANS: Loess

24. What do rivers form at their edges, by depositing sediments?

ANS: Natural levees

25. When rivers deposit sediment upon entering the ocean, what forms?

ANS: Deltas

26. What is the name given to all the sediment carried by a river?

ANS: Load

27. Sediments carried by a glacier are known asANS: load

28. Sediments deposited by a glacier are known as

ANS: Till

29. The sediment deposited at the most forward position that a glacier moved in history is known as

ANS: terminal moraine

30. When two glaciers merge, the ridge of till that forms in the middle of them is known as

ANS: medial moraine

31. How do “slump” and “earthflow” differ?ANS: slump occurs quickly, and earthflow is

very slow.

Use the following list of terms and match them to the appropriate description:

Dormant Active Extinct

32. Volcano that is currently erupting33. Volcano that will never erupt again34. Volcano that has the potential to erupt, but is currently not erupting

Active

Extinct

Dormant

35. How are glacial flour and glacial erratics different? How are they similar?

ANS: flour is finely ground, and erratics are huge. Both are part of the glacier’s “load”.

Use the following terms to match correctly to the statements below:

Lava flow Pyroclastic Flow Lahar

36. Least deadly occurrence in a volcano37. Includes water mixed with volcanic ash and debris38. Volcanic ash and gases capable of moving up or downslope during an eruption

Lava flow

Lahar

Pyroclastic flow

Use the following words and match them to their correct term or phrase below:

Cinder cone Shield volcanoStratovolcano Composite volcano

39. Both are the same type of volcano40. Steep sided volcano, easily eroded41. Gently sloping volcano composed of lava flow upon lava flow42. Can appear in only a few days43. Erupt explosively because of viscous magma

44. Erupt with very fluid, basaltic lava, which flows rapidly and readily

Stratovolcano and Composite volcanoCinder cone

Shield volcano

Cinder cone

Stratovolcano and composite volcano

Shield volcano

45. What weathering agent is responsible for both mechanical weathering (through abrasion), and chemical weathering (through hydrolysis)?

ANS: Water