Weathering and SoilChapter 26th Grade Science

Standards

StandardS. 6.2 Topography is reshaped by the

weathering of rock and soil and by the transportation and deposition of sediment.

6.2.a Students know different natural energy and material resources, including air, soil, rocks, minerals, and know how to classify them as renewable and non renewable.

6.2.c Students know the natural origin of materials used to make common objects

Anticipatory Set

Language of the Discipline

Inorganic- means to contain no materials that were once part of living things

Rock- solid material made up of one or more minerals or other substances.

Mineral Characteristics (Input)

1. Inorganic Solid- Halite occurs naturally in areas that were once occupied by lakes or seas.

The minerals did not form from materials that were once part of a living thing

If you pour it in your hand, you can see it is made up of small, solid particles.

2. Crystal Shape- shaped like cubes A solid made up of particles that line up in a

pattern that repeats over and over again

Igneous Rock

Begins with molten materials form inside the Earth

The material then hardens at or below the surface

Igneous rock- form from molten (magma) material deep inside the earth. It cools slowly beneath the Earth’s surface and large crystals form.

Sedimentary Rock

How it’s formed: Water and wind carry the sediment and deposit it in layers. These layers build up and squeeze together by their own weight. Minerals in the rocks slowly dissolve in water. This sediment slowly changes in sedimentary rock

Metamorphic Rock

Formed when rocks are exposed to a great increase in temperature and pressure.

Earth’s forces pushes rocks down to the Earth’s interior and the deeper it becomes buried, the greater the pressure on the rock.

Using Minerals and Rocks

Gemstones: rubies, sapphires- hard, colorful mineral. Used in jewelry, cutting, grinding and polishing. (NTB)

Minerals are also used in foods, medicines, fertilizers and building materials.

Minerals are also the source of metals such as iron, copper and silver.

Metal tools, aluminum foil and steel used to make cars, call came from minerals.

Effects of Mining

Soil can be blown or washed away

Plants may not be able to group for many years

They will do their best to restore the land and plant new plants when they are done

Smelting

Smelting- an ore is mixed with other substances and then melted. (NTG). This is not part of the rock cycle. This is something miners do to extract ore.

Smelting releases gases and particles of metals into the air and water.

They can be harmful.

Checking for Understanding

What are gemstones?

What is smelting?

What is one way miners remove ore from the ground?

What do people use rocks for today?

Guided PracticeIndependent Practice

GP NTG Page 35 # 1-7

IP NTG Page 35-36 # 8-17