Weather Unit FoldableWeather Unit Foldable

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Yellow Paper Title The Atmosphere

Yellow Paper Title The Atmosphere

• What is the atmosphere?

• What is the function of the atmosphere?

• What is the atmosphere?

• What is the function of the atmosphere?

• The atmosphere is layers of gasses that surround the Earth.

• Earth’s atmosphere has two main functions: 1st it contains gas like O2 that we need to live and 2nd it traps heat so the water on the planet remains liquid.

• The atmosphere is layers of gasses that surround the Earth.

• Earth’s atmosphere has two main functions: 1st it contains gas like O2 that we need to live and 2nd it traps heat so the water on the planet remains liquid.

The AtmosphereThe Atmosphere

• What gases are in the atmosphere?

• What gases are in the atmosphere?

• There are 2 main gases

in the atmosphere 1st Nitrogen 78% 2nd Oxygen 21%. All other gases make up

the other 1%.

• There are 2 main gases

in the atmosphere 1st Nitrogen 78% 2nd Oxygen 21%. All other gases make up

the other 1%.

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are needed to see this picture.

Green Air Pressure

Green Air Pressure

• What is air Pressure?

• What is Barometric pressure?

• What is air Pressure?

• What is Barometric pressure?

• The result of the weight

of a column of air pushing

down on an area. • Changes in the

atmospheric pressure as shown by a barometer

• The result of the weight

of a column of air pushing

down on an area. • Changes in the

atmospheric pressure as shown by a barometer

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are needed to see this picture.

Air PressureAir Pressure

• What are the Properties of air?

• Altitude/Elevation

• How does altitude affect air pressure and density?

• What are the Properties of air?

• Altitude/Elevation

• How does altitude affect air pressure and density?

• Air has mass, density, and pressure.

• The distance above sea level. (the surface of the ocean)

• The higher the altitude the lower the air pressure and denisty

• The lower the altitude the greater the air pressure and density.

• Air has mass, density, and pressure.

• The distance above sea level. (the surface of the ocean)

• The higher the altitude the lower the air pressure and denisty

• The lower the altitude the greater the air pressure and density.

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Blue TitleLayers of the Atmosphere

Blue TitleLayers of the Atmosphere

• How many layers are there in the atmosphere?

• How many layers are there in the atmosphere?

• There are 5 layers, the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere,

• There are 5 layers, the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere,

Layers of the AtmosphereLayers of the Atmosphere

• Troposphere:

- This is the layer we live in and the smallest layer– Temperature decreases as altitude increases 140 to -

76 degrees F– All weather happens here– This is the ONLY layer living things can live in– 16 km above sea level

• Troposphere:

- This is the layer we live in and the smallest layer– Temperature decreases as altitude increases 140 to -

76 degrees F– All weather happens here– This is the ONLY layer living things can live in– 16 km above sea level

Layers of the AtmosphereLayers of the Atmosphere

Stratosphere:

Temperature increases as altitude increases from -76 to 32 degrees F

- Ozone layer found here, and weather Balloons- 50 km above the earth

Stratosphere:

Temperature increases as altitude increases from -76 to 32 degrees F

- Ozone layer found here, and weather Balloons- 50 km above the earth

Layers of the AtmosphereLayers of the Atmosphere

• Mesosphere:

- Temperature decreases to coldest point 32 to -130 degrees F.

- Meteor Showers

- 50 to 90 km

• Mesosphere:

- Temperature decreases to coldest point 32 to -130 degrees F.

- Meteor Showers

- 50 to 90 km

Layers of the AtmosphereLayers of the Atmosphere

Thermosphere:

- Temperature increases 2700 degrees F

- Aurora borealis (Northern lights), International Space Station, Space Shuttle stay in this layer.

- 90 to 500 km from sea level

Thermosphere:

- Temperature increases 2700 degrees F

- Aurora borealis (Northern lights), International Space Station, Space Shuttle stay in this layer.

- 90 to 500 km from sea level

Layers of the AtmosphereLayers of the Atmosphere

Exosphere:

- Temperature Increases to 5000 degrees F

- Satellites orbit here

- 500 km + from sea level

Exosphere:

- Temperature Increases to 5000 degrees F

- Satellites orbit here

- 500 km + from sea level

White titleAir Masses and air Fronts

White titleAir Masses and air Fronts

• Air Mass:

• There are 4 types of air masses classified by temperature, and humidity.

• Air Mass:

• There are 4 types of air masses classified by temperature, and humidity.

• A huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity, and air Pressure.

• Tropical: warm• Polar: cooled• Continental: dry• Maritime: wet

• A huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity, and air Pressure.

• Tropical: warm• Polar: cooled• Continental: dry• Maritime: wet

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are needed to see this picture.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

White TitleAir Masses and Fronts

White TitleAir Masses and Fronts

• What is a Front?

• There are three main types of Fronts

• What is a Front?

• There are three main types of Fronts

• An area where air masses meet and don’t mix.

• Cold Front

• Warm Front

• Stationary Front

• An area where air masses meet and don’t mix.

• Cold Front

• Warm Front

• Stationary Front

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Air Masses and FrontsAir Masses and Fronts

• Cold Front: Cold air moves underneath warm air, forcing warm air to rise.

• Cold Front: Cold air moves underneath warm air, forcing warm air to rise. QuickTime™ and a

decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Air Masses and FrontsAir Masses and Fronts

• Warm Front: Forms when warm air moves over cold air.

• Warm Front: Forms when warm air moves over cold air.

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are needed to see this picture.

Air Masses and FrontsAir Masses and Fronts

• Stationary Front: happens when a cold and warm air mass meet and don’t move.

• Stationary Front: happens when a cold and warm air mass meet and don’t move.

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White TitleWhite Title

White TitleWeather Factors

White TitleWeather Factors

• Radiation: the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

• Conduction: heat transferred through a substance by the direct contact of molecules.

• Convection Currents: the transfer of heat by the movement of a heated fluid.

• Radiation: the transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

• Conduction: heat transferred through a substance by the direct contact of molecules.

• Convection Currents: the transfer of heat by the movement of a heated fluid.

White TitleWeather Factors

White TitleWeather Factors

• Weather is caused by heat energy, moister, wind, air pressure.

• The ozone layer absorbs powerful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

• Green house effect: process by which gases hold heat in the air. CO2

• Weather is caused by heat energy, moister, wind, air pressure.

• The ozone layer absorbs powerful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

• Green house effect: process by which gases hold heat in the air. CO2

White TitleWeather Factors

White TitleWeather Factors

• Temperature: the average amount of energy of motion of the molecules of a substance.

• Heat: the transfer of energy from a hotter substance to a cooler one.

• Temperature: the average amount of energy of motion of the molecules of a substance.

• Heat: the transfer of energy from a hotter substance to a cooler one.

Blue TitleWind

Blue TitleWind

• Wind: the horizontal Movement for air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.

• All wind is caused by differences in air pressure.

• Wind is named by the direction from which it comes from.

• Wind: the horizontal Movement for air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.

• All wind is caused by differences in air pressure.

• Wind is named by the direction from which it comes from.

Blue TitleWind

Blue TitleWind

• Jet Stream bands of high-speed winds about 10km above earth’s surface.

• Prevailing Westerlies: mid-latitude, wind that blow from West to East.

• Jet Stream bands of high-speed winds about 10km above earth’s surface.

• Prevailing Westerlies: mid-latitude, wind that blow from West to East.

Green TitlePrecipitationGreen Title

Precipitation• Precipitation: any form of water that falls from

the clouds and reaches Earth’s surface. (liquid or solid)

• There are 5 common types of precipitation1. Water2. Sleet3. Freezing Rain4. Hail5. snow

• Precipitation: any form of water that falls from the clouds and reaches Earth’s surface. (liquid or solid)

• There are 5 common types of precipitation1. Water2. Sleet3. Freezing Rain4. Hail5. snow

Green TitlePrecipitationGreen Title

Precipitation

• Humidity: measure of the amount of water vapor in the air

• Water vapor: water in the form of a gas

• Moist air is more dense then dry air

• Liquid water in more dense then water vapor

• Warm air holds more water vapor then cold air

• Humidity: measure of the amount of water vapor in the air

• Water vapor: water in the form of a gas

• Moist air is more dense then dry air

• Liquid water in more dense then water vapor

• Warm air holds more water vapor then cold air