Upload
phungngoc
View
217
Download
3
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Weather & Climate Science
Ms. Alison RockwellNCAR/Earth Observing Laboratory Education & Outreach Coordinator
What is the Atmosphere?
11 km
500 km
87 km
50 km Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
FA
AM
BA
e-146
MBL -
6 k
m
Intense solar radiation and warm sea surface temperature in the ;YVWPJHS�>LZ[LYU�7HJPÄJ�WYVK\JL�KLLW�JVU]LJ[P]L�JSV\KZ��
Mid-altitude outflow
Low-altitude inflow & outflow
Designed by Alison Rockwell NCAR/EOL
Troposphere
Lower Stratosphere
Net zero radiative heatingAir
descending
Rising warm air lofts chemical compounds
released by marine organisms
NA
SA
Glo
bal H
aw
k
14 -
19 k
m
Warm tropical ocean waters enhance production of ZOVY[�SP]LK�VYNHUPJ�IYVTPUL�HUK�PVKPUL�JVTWV\UKZ�I`�THYPUL�
VYNHUPZTZ��;OLZL�OHSVJHYIVUZ��OHSVNLU�JVU[HPUPUN�VYNHUPJ�JVTWV\UKZ��HYL�[OLU�YLSLHZLK�PU[V�[OL�H[TVZWOLYL�
)Y6�HUK�*S6�YLHJ[��SLHKPUN�[V�Z[YH[VZWOLYPJ� VaVUL��63) depletion
CONTRAST*65]LJ[P]L�;9HUZWVY[�VM�(J[P]L�:WLJPLZ� PU�[OL�;YVWPJZ
.\HT�!!����1HU\HY`������-LIY\HY`�����
TropopauseAir
ascendingN
SF/N
CA
R H
IAPER
5 -
15 k
m Br I IO
Long-lived bromocarbons
BrO
3VUN�SP]LK�JOSVYVÅ\VYVJHYIVUZ���Z\USPNO[���O`KYV_`S��6/���������JOSVYPUL�TVUV_PKL��*S6�
3VUN�SP]LK�IYVTVJHYIVUZ���Z\USPNO[���O`KYV_`S��6/� ��IYVTPUL�TVUV_PKL��)Y6�
:OVY[�SP]LK�IYVTVJHYIVUZ���Z\USPNO[���O`YKV_`S��6/�� IYVTPUL�TVUV_PKL��)Y6��HUK�VY�PVKPUL�TVUV_PKL��06�
Short-lived halocarbons decompose, yielding:
)Y6�HUK�06�YLHJ[�YLTV]PUN�[YVWVZWOLYPJ�VaVUL��63)
High-altitude slow ascent from
outflow
(PY�^P[OPU�JVU]LJ[P]L�JSV\KZ�OHZ�L_[YLTLS`�SV^�VaVUL�� H�\UPX\L�JOLTPJHS�LU]PYVUTLU[�[OH[�^PSS�IL�
Z[\KPLK�PU�KL[HPS�MVY�[OL�MPYZ[�[PTL�
Why are we studying this?
Science Serving Society: Impacts of human activity on atmospheric composition
ITCZ: Inter-tropical Convergence Zone rainy region of the tropics
SouthernHemisphere
Northern Hemisphere
Guahan
15º N
10º N
5º N
Guam
Red & Yellow: Aircraft flight track Note aircraft did return to GuamEQ
ITCZ
Aircraft track flown Sat, 8 Feb (yellow) on top of satellite cloud map
Northern Hemisphere
Carbon Monoxide
Hei
ght (
ft)
Ozone Ozone (O3): Compromises air quality & causes global warming Carbon monoxide (CO): Produced by combustion of fossil fuel & biomass burning
Southern Hemisphere
Ozone Ozone (O3): Compromises air quality & causes global warming Carbon monoxide (CO): Produced by combustion of fossil fuel & biomass burning
Ozone
Hei
ght (
ft)
Carbon Monoxide