FUTURE TENSES

Tenses used to describe future are: Simple

Present Present Continuous

Future Simple

Be going to future

Future Continuous

Future Perfect Simple

Future Perfect Continuous

We use it in a future meaning when we are talking about timetables, programmes,(for public transportation, cinemas etc), something officially planned

What time does the film begin?The train leaves London at 10:30.

Present Simple

Although the action takes place in the future, it takes place regularly and is set by a timetable.

We can use the simple present tense to talk about people if their plans are fixed like a timetable (such as politicians, businessmen)

What time do you finish work tomorrow?

I start my new job on Monday.

My class begins at 9 tomorrow and finishes at 12.

We don’t use present simple for personal arrangements

Present continuousWe use it for personal arrangements when we have already arranged to do something, with decisions and firm plans in the future (to be going to –very close, but Present continuous is much stronger, the plans are more firm and better prepared)

He is having dinner with Ann next Friday.

Are you playing tennis tomorrow morning?

It is common with verbs: go, come visit, have ( a party), leave.

Future Simple

It is used: Decisions - to make decisions that are made at the time of speakingWe will eat dinner today at 6:00PM We will clean your room this week.

Desire - Willingness - to state desire or willingness for something or someone The girls will be happy to go on holiday for a few weeks. I will be happy to help you today.

Facts - to state a fact about the future My teacher will be happy, the whole class passed the test. The phone bill will be very very high, my father will be very upset.

The future simple is formed:Auxiliary verb WILL + Main Verb Base form

Predict - to predicate a future event or action I think it will rain this afternoon. My sister will be a great teacher.

Formal Statements - to make a formal statement about a future action or event The president will make a public announcement on Tuesday at 8:00PM. The school will be closed for a few days.

Suggestions - to make suggestions or state ideas We will be happy drive you to the store. Will we go to the store tonight or tomorrow morning.

Request - to make a requestWill you come with me to the store? You will do your homework now.

AFFIRMATIVE FORM

SUBJECT AUX VERB WILL

MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)

COMPLEMENT

I They

My dog Your

willwill will

bego

come

at school today.to the doctor tomorrow.home this evening.

SUBJECT AUX VERB WILL +

NOT

MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)

COMPLEMENT

I They

My dog Your

will notwill notwill not

bego

come

at school today.to the doctor tomorrow.home this evening.

NEGATIVE FORM

Short form: will = ‘ll

Short form: will not = won’t

INTERROGATIVE FORM

AUX VERB WILL

SUBJECT MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)

COMPLEMENT

WillWill Will Will

I youyour

friends someone

have be

helpcome

time to go to the store? home next week? you clean your room latter?some milk and cheese?

Emphasize - to emphasize an action or an event that will be in progress at sometime in the future. Next week we will be asking in the mountains. Tomorrow my parents are coming to visit out new house.

A future activity already plannedBy this time tomorrow. I’ll be lying on the beach.

To describe simple futurity with a “softening effect”I’ll work on this morning. (intention, possibly a promise)I’ll be working on this morning. (futurity)

Arrangements and plans- to refer to planned events We’ll be spending the winter in Australia.Professor Carig will be giving a lecture tomorrow evening.

Future Progressive or Continuous It is formed: WILL + BE + VERB-INGUses:

AFFIRMATIVE FORM

SUBJECT AUX VERB WILL

AUX VERB

BE

MAIN VERB -ING

COMPLEMENT

YouThe children My storm

willwill will

bebebe

workingstarting coming

for the next few days.school next week.soon.

SUBJECT AUX VER

B WIL

L

NOT AUX VERBBE

MAIN VERB -

ING

COMPLEMENT

YouThe children My storm

willwill will

notnot not

bebebe

workingstarting coming

for the next few days.school next week.soon.

NEGATIVE FORM

AUX VERB WILL

SUBJECT AUX VERB

BE

MAIN VERB -

ING

COMPLEMENT

WillWill Will

youthe children my storm

bebebe

workingstarting coming

for the next few days?school next week?soon.?

INTERROGATIVE FORM

Form:WILL+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE

The Future Perfect shows the time before which something will finish.Expresses action in the future before another action in the future

To express an action that will be completed before a definite time or event in the future:Examples: They will have finished their work by 3 o’clock tomorrow.I’ll have finished my work by the time you read this book.She will have written all the letters when you have come.

The future simple perfect

It is often used with "by" and "not", "for" and "until" to state that the action or event will be completed at time in the future.

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES

SUBJECT AUX VERB WILL

AUX VERBHAVE

MAIN VERB (PAST

PARTICPLE )

COMPLEMENT

SUBJECT AUX VER

B WIL

L

NOT AUX VERBHAVE

MAIN VERB (PAST

PARTIPLE)

COMPLEMENT

NEGATIVE FORM

AUX VERB WILL

SUBJECT AUX VERBHAVE

MAIN VERB(PAST

PARTIPLE)

COMPLEMENT

INTERROGATIVE FORM

EXAMPLES:

On Sunday I have to work late. When I get home I will have eaten dinner.

The test is in a week from tomorrow, I hope you will have prepared for it.

My sister is coming to visit next week. I will not have moved into my new house by then.

On Tuesday I will leave at eight o'clock in the morning, but will not have gotten to work in time for the meeting. Will I have worked here long enough to get a bonus check?

Will you have saved enough money to come see me next year?

The Future Perfect Continuous Tense

FORM: WILL +HAVE +BEEN +ING FORM

USES: Emphasize how long an event will be in progress at a

future time stress the length of time of an event or action in the future.

To state the results of an action or event in the future.

Represent a continuous action that stated at some point, and continues into some point in the future.

State the results of a future action, after an other future action. (2 actions that will take place in the future, one action takes place before, the 2nd action)

EXAMPLES:

In the fall I will have been studying here for 2 years.

My son will have been in teaching for 10 years next month.

The teacher will have been teaching my children for 5 years next month.

The dogs will have been playing for 3 hours in 10 minutes.

Tammy will be very tired when she comes home, because she will have been flying over 24 hours.

Going to

Planed Events - When a future event that has been planed before the time of speaking.

I am going to Mexico in a few days. They are going to university next year.

Predictions - To make a future prediction based on facts. There is going to be a really big storm in a few hours. The test next week is going to be really hard.

Intentions - To state that something is intended to take place in the future, in informal conversations.

I am going to be a rich person someday. The puppies are going to make a big mess in house

FORM: SUBJECT+ VERB TO BE (PRESENT)+GOING TO+ MAIN VERB