We The State - Issue 49

7/30/2019 We The State - Issue 49

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/we-the-state-issue-49 1/12

_g [G^YGLEGU >5 YA [G^YGLEGU >3- 5>2; Â[YBM UGOI(HA( L !ECA^BM!9,;5;!5>2;,27

UHF HA( L^GHO]5>25]94927

Ahmfhg giftfah bvbfmbemg bt www(wgtcgstbtg(kal bhi wgtcgstbtg(emaospat(fh

cg [tbtgTam,>2( Fssug,96( Ecapbm( Lahiby ^bog,25( ^rfkg,`7!,

W^B rufhs hbtfah‖s dfhbhkfbm cgbmtc

eut Kcfiblebrbl scfdts tcg emblgIfi Bfscwbryb Ubf [hbtkcBwby Tfiyb Ebmbh/s Uamg1Ifi Bfscwbryb Ubf [hbtkcBwby Tfiyb Ebmbh/s Uamg1

B[BUBL EB^W‖[ dammawgrsscakjgi- stuhhgi ey rbpg kcbrog

[BHOGGYB [CBULB

@AIC^WU

Dar cfs dammawgrs bhi ifskfpmgs kahtravgrsfbm

sbfht Bsbrbl Ebpu- wca cbs eggh brrgstgi ah

tcg kcbrog ad sgxubmmy bssbumtfho b skcaamofrm-

fs ha mgss tcbh Oai bhi tcgy irbw fhspfrbtfah dral

cfs sgrlahs bhi try ta dammaw fh rgbm mfdg wcbt cg

prgbkcgs( Cawgvgr- tcg sgmd,stymgi oailbh cbs eggh

glerafmgi fh b strfho ad kahtravgrsfgs( Bsbrbl- wca

kblg uhigr kmaui bdtgr tcg lystgrfaus igbtc ad kcfm,

irgh fh cfs bscrbl bhi cfs bmmgogi igdghkg ad tcg

rbpfsts bhi jfmmgrs ad Igmcf ofrm- haw dbkgs b drgsc

kahtravgrsy bs b lfhar ofrm Bstcb #hblg kcbhogi&

cbs bkkusgi cfl ad sgxubmmy bssbumtfho cgr( Ebpu

cbi kalg ta cfs bscrbl fh Kccfhiwbrb ta pbrtfkf,

pbtg fh b sfx,iby rgmfofaus praorbllg( Ycgrg cg bm,

mgogimy sgxubmmy bssbumtgi Bstcb fh tcg hblg ad ogt,

tfho cgr rfi ad ebi spfrfts( _cgh Bstcb trfgi ta ap,

pasg cfl- cg lbig cgr kbptfvg bhi tcrgbtghgi cgr(

Cg rgpartgimy tami tcg ofrm tcbt cg fs tcg Oai bhi scg

bhi cgr dblfmy waumi eg rufhgi fd scg appasgi cfl(Cg wbrhgi tcg vfktfl‖s dblfmy lglegrs ta jggp

tcgfr lautc scut( Fhtflfibtgi ey Ebpu- vfktfl

Bstcb bhi cgr dblfmy mgdt @aicpur bhi maiogi b rg,

part bobfhst cfl fh Igmcf( Ycg lgifkbm gxblfhbtfah

kahdfrlgi sgxubm bssbumt ah 24,ygbr,ami ofrm( Ycg rg,

mfofaus kfty @aicpur cbs eggh tbjgh bebkj ey tcg uh,

camy bkt ad Bsbrbl Ebpu( Cfs dammawgrs- wca kblg

dral dbr bhi wfig ta mfstgh ta cfl- cbvg eggh curt

bhi fh b stbtg ad scakj bhi ifsegmfgd( âmfkg brg fh,

vgstfobtfho tcg kcbrogs bobfhst tcg spfrftubm ouru-

eut tcg rgmfofaus sghtflghts ad tcg pgapmg brg curt

iug ta sgrfaus bmmgobtfahs bobfhst tcg sbfht(

Mbw taaj fts awh kaursg

Bdtgr tcg fssug wbs gxpasgi bhi tcg DFU maiogibobfhst cfl- Bsbrbl trfgi cfs egst ta gvbig brrgst

bhi ifi gvgrytcfho fh cfs pawgr ta pravg tcbt cg wbsfhhakght bhi wrahomy drblgi ey tcg ofrm( Cg gvgh bm,mgogi tcbt [ahfb Obhicf bhi cfs sah Ubcum wgrg kah,spfrfho bobfhst cfl ta lbmfoh bhi tbrhfsc cfs fl,bog( Eut tcg mbw taaj fts awh ka ursg(

Ebpu wbs dfhbmmy brrgstgi mbtg ah Buoust ;2 dral

cfs bscrbl fh Fhiarg( Cg wbs erauoct ta @aicpurbhi tbjgh ta b pamfkg stbtfah- dar qugstfahfho( Ycgouru cbi lfssgi Buoust ;> igbimfhg ta rgpart ta@aicpur dar fhtgrraobtfah( Cfs sah sbfi cg wbs uh,wgmm bhi kaumi hat mgbvg Lbicyb rbigsc(

Ycg ?7,ygbr,ami spght tcg hfoct wftc pamfkg gskarts

bt tcg bfrpart mauhog fh Fhiarg( Cg wbs dmawh ah bkallgrkfbm pmbhg ta @aicpur vfb Igmcf(

Gbrmfgr- tcg @aicpur pamfkg cbi sgrvgi sullahsah tcg kahtravgrsfbm oailbh bsjfho cfl ta bppgbregdarg tcgl dar fhtgrraobtfah mbtgst ey Buoust ;>(

Ycg @aicpur pamfkg rg`gktgi Bsbrbl/s rgqugst darlarg tflg( Bsbrbl/s sah Hbrbybh [bf kmbflgi tcbtcfs dbtcgr cbi eaajgi cfs tfkjgts dar b dmfoct ta HgwIgmcf ah Buoust ;> larhfho eut cfs cgbmtc suiigh,my igtgrfarbtgi egkbusg ad wcfkc tcg bfr tfkjgts cbita eg kbhkgmmgi(

Bsbrbl wbs qufzzgi ey pamfkg fh @aicpur bdtgr eg,fho dmawh dral Fhiarg wcgrg cg wbs brrgstgi bdtgrlfihfoct blfi cfoc irblb( Cg wbs gskartgi ey Ub,

`bstcbh pamfkg pgrsahhgm- mgi ey Biiftfahbm Kal,lfssfahgr ad âmfkg [btfsc @hbofi( Whprgkgightgisgkurfty brrbhoglghts wgrg lbig bt tcg bfrpart-

wcgrg Bsbrbl dbkgi embkj dmbo pratgsts- ah tcgstrggts- autsfig bhi fhsfig Bsbrbl bscrbls- bhi tcgLbcfmb Ycbhb wcgrg tcg kbsg cbs eggh maiogi( Ycgkahvay wbs dammawgi ey sgvgh eusgs wftc brlgi pa,mfkg pgrsahhgm( B tgbl ad iaktars dral Fhiarg/s Lgi,fkbm Kammgog cbi gbrmfgr dauhi cfl dft dar qugstfahfho

bhi trbvgm(Ah Lahiby- b kaurt fh @aicpur sghtBsbrbl ta 29 ibys ad ùifkfbm kustaiy fh kahhgktfahwftc tcg rbpg kcbrogs( Cg wbs ah [uhiby qugstfahgibt b ougst causg ad tcg Ub`bstcbh Brlgi Kahstbeu,mbry

Lgbhwcfmg- tcg dbtcgr ad tcg vfktfl ofrm kbmmgi add

cfs dbst,uhta,igbtc fh [cbcb`bcbhpur ifstrfkt ad Wt,tbr ^rbigsc saah bdtgr tcg brrgst ad tcg oailbh fhFhiarg(

%Ycg dfrst curimg cbs eggh avgrkalg( _g waumitbjg aur dfoct darwbri-% tcg dbtcgr sbfi bdtgr ghifho

cfs dbst bdtgr lfihfoct( Ycg ofrm/s dbtcgr tcbhjgi tcglgifb sbyfho tcg brrgst cbi eggh lbig passfemg eg,kbusg ad tcgfr gddarts(

Lgbhwcfmg Bsbrbl cbs kmbflgi tcbt cg wbs fhha,kght bhi rgobris tcg lfhar bs cfs %ibuoctgr%( Cgbmsa bilfttgi tcbt cg wbs wftc tcg ofrm fh fsambtfah

dar beaut bh caur bhi b cbmd fh tcg gvghfho ah 27tcBuoust(

_cbt fs tcg fssug1

Ycg vfktfl cbs bmmgogi tcbt Bsbrbl Ebpu bsjgi

cgr ta stby ebkj bdtgr prbygrs bt cfs @aicpur bscrbl

bt vfmmbog Lbibf bhi sgxubmmy bssbumtgi cgr ah tcg

fhtgrvghfho hfoct ad Buoust 29 bhi 27( Ycg ofrm arfo,

fhbmmy egmahos ta [cbc`gbhpur fh Wttbr rbigsc bhi

wbs stuiyfho fh Kmbss 25 bt Ebpu‖s bscrbl sftubtgi

fh Lbicyb rbigsc‖s Kccfhiwbrb ifstrfkt( Ugkghtmy

wcgh scg egkblg fmm- tcg bscrbl kbrgtbjgrs tami tcbt

scg wbs uhigr tcg orfp ad gvfm spfrfts bhi ahmy

Bsbrbl Ebpu kaumi kurg cgr( Bstcb wbs sght ta

@aicpur- bmaho wftc b dglbmg wbrigh bhi cgr dblf,

my lglegrs- ta pbrtfkfpbtg fh b rgmfofaus praorbllg

ad Ebpu( Ycgrg Ebpu wbs eusy fh b rgmfofaus duhk,

tfah( Ycg ofrm wbs sght ta Lbhbf vfmmbog ah Buoust 29

ah tcg prgtgxt ad wbrifho add gvfm spfrfts( Fh tcg

hfoct scg wbs sght bmahg ta b –jutfyb‖ ad Bsbrbl(

Ycgrg Bsbrbl sgxubmmy bssbumtgi cgr( [cg wbs lbig

kbptfvg wcgh scg appasgi( _cgh Bstcb‖s dblfmy

lglegrs kblg ta tbjg cgr ebkj- scg tami tcgl beautwcbt cbi cbppghgi( Ycg ofrm‖s jfh wgrg scgmm

scakjgi( _cgh tcgy pratgstgi- tcgy wgrg wbrhgi ad

ifrg kahsgqughkgs( Ycgy mgdt dar tcgfr calg bs tcgy

kaumi hat obtcgr kaurbog ta maiog b pmbfht bs Ebpu

bhi cfs suppartgrs kahtfhugi ta tcrgbtgh tcgl(

Ycgy mbtgr kblg ta Igmcf bhi igkfigi ta scaw ta tcg

warmi tcg trug dbkg ad tcg spfrftubm mgbigr( Ycg lbt,

tgr fs haw uhigr fhvgstfobtfah ta bskgrtbfh tcg trutc(

Bsbrbl cbi wbhtgi ta eg bmahg fh tcg raal wftc

tcg lfhar ah tcg hfoct ad Buoust 27 ah tcg prgtgxt ad

wbrifho add cgr gvfm spfrfts( _cgh tcg ghtfrg hbtfah

wbs kgmgerbtf ho tcg Fhigpghighkg Iby- Bsbrbl wbs

bmmgogimy eusy fh autrbofho tcg laigsty ad tcg cgmp,

mgss lfhar(

Kahtravgrsfgs bhi Bsbrbl

Bsbrbl Ebpu wbs earh ah Bprfm 2?- 2692- fh tcg Eg,

rbhf vfmmbog ad tcg Hbwbescbc ifstrfkt fh uhifvfigi

Fhifb #prgsght iby ^bjfstbh&( Bdtgr tcg ifvfsfah ad

tcg kauhtry dammawfho Fhigpghighkg- cfs dblfmy sgt,

tmgi fh Ou brbt( Cg bttbfhgi sbfhtcaai beaut 95

ygbrs ebkj( Cg cbs mbjcs ad dammawgrs fh Fhifb bs wgmm

bs autsfig( Cfs 2>,bkrg bscrbl fs sftubtgi bt [bebr,

lbtf fh Bclgibebi( Eut cg cbs eggh glerafmgi fh

kahtravgrsfgs tflg bhi bobfh( Ywa stuights ad tcg

bscrbl cbi ifgi fh suspfkfaus kfrkulstbhkgs aut,

sfig tcfs bscrbl mgbifho ta b mat ad autkry fh Bclgi,

bebi( Dfvg ygbrs ebkj- twa kcfmirgh cbi ifgi fh lys,

tgrfaus kfrkulstbhkgs fh cfs Kccfhiwbrb bscrbl(

Ycg eaifgs ad tcg kcfmirgh wgrg rgkavgrgi dral tcg

ebtcraal( Ebpu bmsa dbkgs kcbrogs ad mb hi orbeefho

fh Fhiarg( Cg cbs dbkgi sgrfaus kcbrogs ad sgxubmmy

beusfho tcg kcfmirgh ad cfs bscrbl bhi suspfkfaus

igbtc ad salg kcfmirgh mbhigi cfl fh trauemg fh tcg

pbst( Ycg sjgmgtahs ad tcg kcfmirgh cbvg eggh rgkav,

grgi dral cfs bscrbl( Eut dar tcg dfrst tflg bh DFU

cbs eggh dfmgi bobfhst cfl ah rbpg kcbrog( Bt b tflg

wcgh tcg erutbm obho,rbpg ad b ofrm ah b lavfho eus

fh Igmcf cbi scbjgh tcg kahskfghkg ad tcg hbtfah-

Bsbrbl dbkgi scbrp krftfkfsl dar sbyfho tcg vfktflwbs bmsa ta eg emblgi gqubmmy( Cg wbs kbuoct fh b

kahtravgrsy wcgh cg bmmgogimy jfkjgi b igvatgg wca

cbi kalg ta sggj cfs emgssfhos fh Tfifscb( Cg cbs

bmsa dbkgi kcbrog ad bssbumtfho bhi beusfho skrfegs

fh Ecbiaf( B stblpgig iurfho ifstrfeutfah ad taddggs

iurfho cfs @aicpur vfsft bmsa rgsu mtgi fh autkry(

Ycg sgmd,stymgi oailbh- wca ghàys b wfig dbh dam,

mawfho bkrass tcg kauhtry- cbs eggh glerafmgi fh b

strfho ad kahtravgrsfgs- fhkmuifho bkkusbtfahs ad

mbhi orbeefho- kumpbemg calfkfig bhi bttglpt ta

lurigr- rbpg- prbktfkfho akkumt skfghkgs bhi curmfho

beusgs(

Kahspfrbky ta lbmfoh Ebpu

Ah tcg atcgr cbhi Ub`bh Ebeu ad Bsbrbl bscrbl

kmbflgi tcbt tcg kalpmbfht ey tcg lfhar ofrm wbs b

rusg ey cgr dbtcgr- b ifsoruhtmgi darlgr sbicbj(

Ycgrg brg kgrtbfh darkgs tcbt brg aut ta lbmfoh

Bsbrbl Ebpu‖s flbog- wcfkc cbvg krgbtgi tcfs ea,

ous fssug- cg bmmgogi( Ub`bh Ebeu sbfi biifho tcg fh,

vstfobt fah wfmm rgvgbm tcg rgbmfty(

(((Kbr taah ey J O A@CBjoa`cbNrgifd dlbfm(kal

Caw _ G maaj ft "

[gmd,stymgi oailbh brrgstgi dar

autrbofho laigsty ad lfhar ofrm



_G YCG [YBYGKbpftbm5 ECA BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

[EF Kcbfrlbh rbtfp Kcbuicbry targtfrg tcfs lahtc

Kcbfrlbh ad tcg [tbtg Ebhj ad Fhifb- ^rbtfp

Kcbuicbry- fs supgrbhhubtfho ey tcfs lahtc

ghi(

[cgjcbr fs hgw [gkrgtbryOghgrbm ad Maj [becb

[ Ebm[cgjcbrcbs eggh bppafhtgihgwbs [gk,

rgtbry Oghgrbm ad tcg Maj [becb bs Y J Tfsc,

wbhbtcbh/s tgrl kblg ta bh ghi(

@ustfkg Jcbhwfmjbr mfjgmy ta eg K@ad L^ CK

Kcfgd @ustfkg ad tcg Cflbkcbm ^rbigsc Cfoc

Kaurt- @ustfkg B`by Lbhfjrba Jcbhwfmjbr- fs

mfjgmy ta eg bppafhtgi Kcfgd @ustfkgad tcgLbi,

cyb ^rbigsc Cfoc Kaurt( Gbrmfgr hblg ad @us,

tfkg Kcbhirbkcui wbs fh kfrkumbtfah( Haw @us,

tfkg Kcbhirbkcui fs bmm sgt ta lavg ta Bmmb,

cbebi Cfoc Kaurt bs Kcfgd @ustfkg(

FB[ addfkgr rgsfohs ta afh W^[K^rfhkfpbm [gkrgtbry ta Cbrybhb Kcfgd Lfhfs,

tgr- Kccbtbr [fhoccbs rgsfohgi dral FB[( Ycg

263> ebtkc FB[ addfkgr- [fhoc- fs bmm sgt ta eg bp,

pafhtgi bs Lglegr ad tcgWhfah ûemfk [grvfkg

Kallfssfah #W^[K&(

_fmm @ustfkg Oagm eg K@ ad Aifscb CK 1Fh tcg gvght ad gmgvbtfah ad @ustfkg K Hbobp,

pbh Kcfgd @ustfkg ad Obucbtf Cfoc Kaurt @us,

tfkg Bibrsc Julbr Oagm lby eg bppafhtgi

Kcfgd @ustfkg ad tcg Aifscb Cfoc Kaurt(

EGBWUBWKUBKV HG_[

Ywfttgr _br0 Ifovf`by [fhoc tbrogts [usclb [wbrb`bhi Hbrghirb Laif dar ebkjfho Bsbrbl Ebpu

F

t sggls b wbr ad waris cbs stbrtgi eg,

twggh Ifovf by [fhoc bhi [usclb

[wbrb`( Hatbemy- eatc cbvg tbjgh ta twft,

tgrta vghttcgfrbhograh gbkc atcgr( Ifovf by

[fhoc #bjb Ifooy& jhawh dar cfs maybmty ta

tcg Kahorgss cbs bmwbys lbhbogi ta stby fh

hgws- tcbhjs ta cfs strfjfho bhi- salgtflgs-

frrgspahsfemg kallghts(

Ifooy wca lbig hgws ey kbmmfho tcg

warmi‖s last irgbigi tgrrarfst –Asblb Efh

Mbigh‖ bs –Asblb `f‖ fs ebkj ta cfs ami wbys

bhitcfstflgcfs tbrogtfs fhvbrfbemy[usclb

[wbrb`(

^grtbfhfho ta tcg bmmgobtfahs ad sgxubm bs,

sbumt mgvgmmgi bobfhst Bsbrbl Ebpu ey b lf,

harofrm- Ifoou sbfi tcbt E@^cbs bmwbyslbh,

bogi ta tbjg b iauemg stbhi wcgh ft kblg ta

gxpmaftbtfah ad walgh bhi ft cbs eggh qufgt

rgobrifho tcg sgxubm bssbumt kbsg bobfhst

Bsbrbl(Ugobrifho E@ - Ifooy sbfi tcbt tcg pbrty

tcbt bmwbys kmbfls ta eg stbhifho fh dbvar ad

oaai oavgrhbhkg bhi sgkurfty ad bmm cbs ig,

kfigi ta jggp lul wcgh ft kblgta spgbjfho

bobfhst krflg kallfttgi ey ahg ad fts awh(

Fh cfs usubm mbkahfk tahg Ifooy gxprgssgi

tcbt Hbrghirb Laif sggls ta eg taakbutfaus

bs dbr bs cfs flbog fs kahkgrhgi( Laif cbi

gbrmfgr dbfmgi ta tbjg bktfah bobfhst Bsbrbl

wcgh cg wbs kcbrogi wftc tcg igbtc ad twa

eays fh cfs bscrbl fh Ou`brbt(

Bsbrbl wca fs hat hgw ta kahtravgrsfgs

cbi cfs dfrst erusc wftc trauemg fh 5>>3 bdtgr

tcg igbtcs ad twa 2>,ygbr,ami kausfhs- Be,

cfscgj bhi Ifpgsc Tbocgmb- bt cfs Latgrb

bscrbl fh Ou`brbt( B kcbrog scggt cbs eggh

dfmgi bobfhst cfl fh tcg kbsg eut tcg ùifkfbm

fhqufry rgobrifho tcg kbsg cbs hgvgr eggh

lbig puemfk(

Ifovf`byb [fhoc sbys rgbiyta kahtgst Maj [becb

gmgktfahs fd Kahorgss bmmawsK

ahorgss oghgrbm sgkrgtbry Ifovf`byb

[fhoc lbig ft kmgbr tcbt cg waumi

hat kahtgst Lbicyb ^rbigsc Bssgl,

emygmgktfahssmbtgimbtgr fh5>2;- eutkaumi gh,

tgrtcg oghgrbm gmgktfahsdrby fd tcgpbrtypgr,

lfts cfl(

[tbtfho tcbt cg cbi ha pmbhs ta kahtgst tcg

stbtg Bssglemy gmgktfahs- [fhoc tami rg,

partgrs- %Cawgvgr- fd tcg pbrty bmmaws lg F

wfmmkahtgst hgxt ygbr/s Maj [becbgmgktfahs(%

YcgKahorgss mgbigrsbfitcauoccg cbibm,

wbys eggh rgkgfvfho b mat ad dmbj dar krftfkfs,fho U[[- eut wbs bmwbys pravgi karrgkt(

%_cghgvgr F sby bhytcfho beaut tcg U[[ F

dbkg b mat ad krftfkfsl- eut suesgqughtmy F

cbvg bmwbys eggh pravgi rfoct-% cg bssgrtgi(

[fhoc kcbrogi tcg stbtg Ecbrbtfyb @bhbtb

^brty #E@^& oavgrhlght wftc hat dumdfmmfho

last ad tcg pralfsgs lbig sfhkg tcg5>>;Bs,

sglemy gmgktfahs(

Ycg E@^ pralfsgi ta wbfvg mabhs up ta Us(

7>->>> ad dbrlgrs eut ft cbs iahg hatcfho ad

tcbt jfhi(Ycg pbrty cbibmsalbigtbmmpral,

fsgsbeaut flpravfho tcg kahiftfahs ad rabis-

gmgktrfkfty bhi wbtgr fh tcg stbtg- cg sbfi(

%Ft fs rgbmmy sbi ta sgg tcbt tcg E@^ cbs lfs,

grbemy dbfmgi ah bmm tcgsg drahts bhi ygt ft

lbjgs kmbfls beaut igvgmapfho Lbicyb

^rbigsc-% cg sbfi(

Dbrlgrsbrg hatogttfho gmgktrfkfty fh Lbi,

cyb ^rbigsc gvghuhigrtcg lukc cypgiBtbm

@yatf Va bhb- cg sbfi(

Kallghtfho ah tcg drgqught ifsruptfahs

ad ^brmfblghtbry prakggifhos- [fhoc sbfitcg Appasftfah fh Maj [becb wbs hat fhtgr,

gstgi fh ruhhfho ft bhi wbs rgsartfho ta drg,

qught fhtgrruptfahs(

Ycg Kahorgss mgbigr bmsabmmgogitcbt lbhy

stuightscbi oatbilfssfahfh LEE[ kaursgs

fh L^ tcrauoc drbuiumght lgbhs(Cg ig,

lbhigi tcbt Kcfgd Lfhfstgr [cfvrb` [fhoc

Kcaucbh scaumi arigr bh fhqufry fhta tcg

lbttgr- dbfmfho wcfkc cg waumi sggj b KEF

praeg fh ft(

25LFHF[YGU[ADL^

OATY WHIGU

MAJBVWJYB [KBHHGUKarruptfah cbs rgbkcgi ah fts

pgbj fh Lbicyb ^rbigsc fh pbst

hfhg ygbrs iurfho tcg E@^ rgfoh-

bmmgogi darlgr Kcfgd LfhfstgrIfovf`by [fhoc iurfho tcg @bh

Cuhjbr Ubmmy bt Bmfrb purbhi @a,

ebt(

[fhoc tami tcbt bs lbhy bs 25

lfhfstgrs ad [tbtg Oavgrhlght

brg uhigr tcg skbhhgr ad

Majbyujtb(

Ya lbxflfzg ftsrgbkc fh tcgtrfe,

b m b rgbs- tcg K ahorgss cb s

mbuhkcgi b sgrfgs ad @bh Cuhjbr

Ubmmy bhi ah Drfiby ft wbs cgmi bt

Bmfrb`pur bhi @aebt(

Oghgrbm [gkrgtbry ad Bmm Fhifb

Kahorgss Kallfttgg bhi[tbtg fh,

kcbrog Lacbh ^rbjbsc tami tcbt

tcg trfebms brg dbkfho btrakftfgs dartcg pbst sgvgrbm ygbrs bhi Kah,

orgss cbs warjgi dar tcgfr rfocts

bhi igvgmaplght(

Kahorgss prgsfight [ahfb Obhi,

cf cbs lbig b trfebm [tbtg prgsf,

ight tcbt pravgs tcg suppart dar

tcg trfebms(

Kahorgss cbs warjgi dar tcg ig,

vgmaplght bhi wgmdbrg ad trfebms

wcfkc cbs mgbi ta pasftfvg fl,

pbkts( Kahorgss [tbtg ^rgsfight

Jbhtfmbm Ecufrb bmsa biirgssgi

tcg rbmmy

HKYG ÛACFEFY[

A^GHFHO ADHG_I(Gi KAMMGOG[

Ycg Hbtfahbm Kauhkfm dar Ygbkcgrs‖

Giukbtfah #HKYG& cbs pracfeftgi

apghfho ad hgwI(Gi Kammgogs(

Ycfs cbs eggh iahg ah tcg rgkal,

lghibtfah ad [tbtg giukbtfah

kghtrg ad tcg [tbtg Oavgrhlght(

Whigr tcg rgkallghibtfah

larg tcbh 2>> prapasbms ta

apgh hgw kammgogs dral tcg

ygbr 5>2;,29 fh tcfs rgofah cbvg

eggh rgdusgi ey tcg HKYG(

Bkkarifho ta fhdarlbtfah bppmfkb,

tfahs ta stbrt hgw I(Gi kammgogs fhtcfs sgssfah cbieggh sght ta HKYG(

[fhkg larg tcbh 5>> I(Gi kammgogs

brg bmrgbiy ruhhfho fh Owbmfar-

Larghb- Ecfhi bhi atcgr ifstrfkts

tcg [tbtg giukbtfah kghtrg ifi hat

tcfhj hgkgssbry ta apgh larg kam,

mgog(

Bkkarifho ta hgw brrbhoglghts-

tcg HKYG waumi ofvg hai ta tcg

prapasbms ad hgw kammgogs ahmy

wcgh tcg [tbtg giukbtfah kghtrg

ofvgs orggh sfohbm( [aurkgs sbfi

tcgrg brg ghauoc I(Gi kammgogs

sa tcg stbtg giukbtfah kghtrg ifi

hat pgrlft hgw bppmfkbtfah ta

apgh hgw I(GiKammgogs( Largtcbh

;7 bppmfkbtfahs rgmbtgi ta ifstrfktLarghb- Owbmfar wftc larg tcbh

57 bppmfkbtfah wftc hulegr twa(

Ycg ifvfsfahbm addfkgr Eabri ad

sgkahibry giukbtfah U^ Ebrgcfyb

sbfi tcbt tcg HKYG cbs rgdusgi(

Larg tcbh 2>> prapasbms ta apgh

hgw I(Gi kammgogs iurfho 5>2;,29

fh tcg rgofah(



_G YCG [YBYGGiftarfbm; ECA^BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

B[YUAMAOV

>9,>6,5>2;, _gihgsiby, Ecbirbpbi

Lbc Jrfschbpbjsc, Kcbturibscf

âsftfvgifrgktfah ,Hartc bhi Gbst

Ebi tflg , 25059 pl ta 2074 pl

Oaai tflg , 402> bl ta 6023 bl

bhi ;053 pl ta 40;5 pl>7,>6,5>2;,Ycursiby, Ecbirbpbi

Lbc Jrfschbpbjsc, Blbvbsyb

âsftfvg ifrgktfah , Gbst bhi Hartc

Ebi tflg , 2074 pl ta ;053 pl

Oaai tflg , 402> bl ta ?099 bl

bhi 2>075 bl ta 2074 pl bhi 70>>

pl ta 40;5 pl

>4,>6,5>2;, Drfiby, Ecbirbpbi

Lbc [cujmbpbjsc, Gjbl

âsftfvg ifrgktfah , [autc bhi Gbst

Ebi tflg , 2>074 bl ta 25059

pl

Oaai tflg , 402> bl ta 2>074 bl

bhi 25057 pl ta 2074 pl bhi 70>>

pl ta 40;5 pl

>?,>6,5>2;, [bturiby, EcbirbpbiLbc [cujmbpbjsc, Iwftfyb

âsftfvg ifrgktfah , [autc bhi Gbst

Ebi tflg , 6024 bl ta 2>074 bl

Oaai tflg ,?099 bl ta 6027 bl

bhi 25059 pl ta 70>> pl

>3,>6,5>2;, [uhiby, Ecbirbpbi

Lbc [cujmbpbjsc, Yrftfyb

âsftfvg ifrgktfah, [autc bhi _gst

Ebi tflg , 70>> pl ta 40;2 pl

Oaai tflg , ?099 bl ta 25059 pl

bhi 2074 pl ta ;053 pl

>6,>6,5>2;, Lahiby,Ecbirbpbi

Lbc [cujmbpbjsc, Kcbturtcf

#Obhgsc Kcbturtcf&

âsftfvg ifrgktfah,[autc bhi _gst

Ebi tflg , ?099 bl ta 6023 bl

Oaai tflg ,40>6 bl ta ?099 blbhi 6026 bl ta 2>075 bl bhi 2074 pl

ta 40;2 pl

2>,>6,5>2;, Yugsiby,Ecbirbpbi

Lbc [cujmbpbjsc, bhkcblf #Ufscf

^bhkcblf&

âsftfvg ifrgktfah,Hartc bhi _gst

Ebi tflg , ;053 pl ta 70>> pl

Oaai tflg , 6023 bl ta 2074 pl

Ey BBKCBUVB [BUTG[C

G,Lbfm0 bkcbryb(sbrvgscNybcaa(kal

Laefmg0 63544>6265

OGHGUBMTB[YWYF^[

• Fd yau dfhi yaur gxpghsgsegyahi kahtram-pmbkg mfvg pmbhts

ar orbfhs fh tcg tafmgts- tcgsg

jggp tcg lahgy dral oafho

iawh tcg tafmgt- egkbusg

syleamfkbmmy orawfho tcfhos

rgbesare wbtgr ghgroy bhi jggp

ft rgkykmfho(

• Cbho b lfrrar ta rgdmgkt yaur

kbsc eax ar makjgr( Ft

syleamfkbmmy iauemgs yaur

wgbmtc bhi appartuhftfgs(

• Dfsc bqubrfuls brg vgry pasftfvg

dar wgbmtc(Kcaasg salg bktfvg

bhi cgbmtcy dfsc bhi try ta lbjg

surg tcbt tcgy brg straho

swfllgrs(Jggp tcg wbtgr ifrt

drgg bhi bgrbtgi(Ycg kahstbhtlavglght ad dfsc wfmm jggp tcg

ghgroy ad wgbmtc ah tcg lavg(

• Lbjg yaur draht iaar ifstfhktfvg

ta bttrbkt wgbmtc wftcfh( Kamar ft

ifddgrght dral tcg hgfocearfho

wbmms(

Caw lukc tcg Daai [gkurfty Efmm wfmm cgmp W^B1

Ycg Maj [becb ah Buoust 54

pbssgiW^Bns bleftfaus Daai[g,

kurftyEfmm bhift wfmm fh bmm mfjgmf,

caai eg pbssgi ey tcg Ub`yb [becb taa(

Ycg mawgr Causg obvg fts hai ta tcg efmm

wcfkc sggjs ta pravfig cfocmy sue,

sfifsgi daai orbfhs ta hgbrmy ahg,tcfri

ad tcg papumbtfah ad Fhifb(

Largavgr- tcg ghtftmglght ad Bhta,

ibyb Bhhb Va`bhb causgcamis , tcg

paargst ad tcg paar , wfmm kahtfhug bt ;7

jo pgr lahtc(Cawgvgr- tcg qugstfah fs- wcgtcgr oa,

fho fhta tcg gmgktfah laig- wfmm tcg efmm

eg b oblg,kcbhogr dar tcg Kahorgss fh

5>291 [gkahimy- wcgtcgr fts flpmglgh,

tbtfahbhi igmfvgrywfmmeg slaatc1 Bhi

tcfrimy- cbs tcg W^B oavgrhlght put b

eurigh ah tcg gxkcgqugr wcfkc wfmm eg

ifddfkumt- fd hat flpassfemg ta egbr1

Ycg tflfho ad tcg efmm fs igdfhftgmy kfr,

kulspgkt( Daai sgkurfty wbs pralfsgi

ey tcg Kahorgss ta tcg gmgktarbtg ad Fh,

ifb fh tcg 5>>6 lbhfdgsta bhi ft cbi

pralfsgi ta flpmglght ft wftcfh 2>>

ibys ad darlfho tcgoavgrhlght( Eut-ft

wbftgi tfmm tcg hgxt Oghgrbm Gmgktfahs

wgrg rauhi tcg karhgr ta tbemg ft fh ^br,

mfblght( Haw- tcg Kahorgss wfmm surgmy

oa ta tcg pamms hgxt ygbr pra`gktfho ft,

sgmd bs tcg lgssfbc ad tcg paar(

Vgs-W^Bkcbfrpgrsah [ahfb Obhicf fh

b oblg ad ahg,uplbhscfp cbs ahkgbobfh trfgi ta rgfhdarkg cgr pbrty bs b

pbrty ad tcgnBbl Bilfn ùst egdargtcg

krukfbm pamms- lukc mfjg tcg nObrfef

Cbtban smaobh ad cgr latcgr,fh,mbw bhi

darlgr ^L ad Fhifb- Fhifrb Obhicf-

wca usgi ft ta cgr sukkgss fh tcg 26?2

Oghgrbm Gmgktfahs(

[ahfb- fh cgr lbfigh spggkc fh ^brmfb,

lght fhW^B,5lbigft blpmy kmgbrta bmm

tcg pamftfkbm pbrtfgs tcbt tcgrg wbs ha

raal dar lbhaguvrg bhi wcagvgr ap,

pasgi tcg efmm waumi eg sggh ta eg bhtf,

paar( Ha wahigr Lumbybl [fhoc Vbibv

gvgh bdtgr tbjfho b `feg bt tcg Kahorgss

darhat erfhofho fh tcgefmm gbrmfgr wcgh

pgapmg wgrg iyfho ad stbrvbtfah fhstbtgs mfjg Lbcbrbsctrb-vatgifh dbvaur

ad tcg efmm( Bhi bmsa ha wahigr- tcg

lbfh Appasftfah- tcg E@ - vatgi dar tcg

efmm gvgh bdtgr kbmmfho ft b pamftfkbm ofl,

lfkj bhi b nvatg sgkurfty efmm‖(

Ycg Kahorgss waumi eg capfho tcbt

tcg daai efmm pbys tcgl ifvfighis fh

5>29( Ycgy igspgrbtgmy hggi ft- wftc

tcgfr flbog cbvfho tbjgh b egbtfho- cft

ey bmmgobtfahs ad skbls bhi karruptfah

bhipamfky pbrbmysfs( Ycgpbrtyifi egh,

gdft fh 5>>6 ah tcg pmbhj ad LHUGOB(

Cawgvgr- tcg gupcarfk Kahorgss oat b

ruig rgbmfty kcgkj b iby bdtgr tcg efmm

wbs pbssgi- wcgh tcg bmrgbiy ebttgrgi

Uupgg taukcgi 44(;> bobfhst tcg iammbrbhi wcgh tcg stakjs pmuhogi ah war,

rfgs tcbt W^Bns dmboscfp praorbllg

waumi wfigh tcg dfskbm igdfkft bs ft

waumi pusc oavgrhlght spghifho(

Ft wfmm hat eg lfspmbkgi ta sby tcbt tcg

Kahorgss,mgi W B oavgrhlght lfs,

lbhbogi tcg gkahaly dar avgr daur

ygbrs bhi haw brg kalfho wftc mgofsmb,

tfahs tcbt lby ofvg tcgl tcg kcbhkg ad

kalfhoebkjta pawgrbobfh( Ftcbs eggh

rgpartgi tcbt ^rflg Lfhfstgr Lbhla,

cbh[fhoc bhigvghDfhbhkg Lfhfstgr ^

Kcfiblebrblwgrghat taajgghah ofv,

fho tcg orggh sfohbm ta [ahfb‖s irgbl

pra`gkt(

Cawgvgr- tcg Kahorgss kcbfrpgrsah

cbi cgr wby tgmmfho tcg Causg tcbt tcg%fssug wbs hat fd wg cbvg rgsaurkg- wg

wfmm cbvg ta dfhi tcg rgsaurkgs(% %Ycg fs,

sug fshat fd wgkbhia ftar hat-wg cbvg

ta ia ft-% scg glpcbsfsgi( Kmgbrmy- [a,

hfb‖s gygs wgrg ah 5>29 bhi scg cbs tbj,

ghtcgefomgbp bsdbrbs cgr pbrty fskah,

kgrhgi(

W^B kbh‖t uhia fh lahtcs tcg iblbog ft kbusgi avgr ygbrsW^B kbh‖t uhia fh lahtcs tcg iblbog

ft kbusgi avgr ygbrsWhfah Lfhfstgr dar Dfhbhkg ^ Kcf,

iblebrblrgkghtmy tami^brmfblghttcbt

larg rgdarls wgrg tcg bhswgr ta tcg

kauhtry/s gkahalfk iawhsmfig( Ft waumi

bppgbr dral cfs stbtglght tcbt tcg Kah,

orgss,mgi W B Oavgrhlght cbs eggh uh,

mgbscfho rgdarl bdtgr rgdarl bhi tcbt

tcg prakgss lust eg sustbfhgi( Ycg dbkt

fs ta tcg kahtrbry( Ycg rgoflg cbs eggh

cft eyb pamfky pbrbmysfs darygbrshaw- bs

b rgsumt ad wcfkc tcgrg cbs eggh cbrimy

bhy darwbri lavglght fh gkahalfk

orawtc( Igdfkfts cbvg orawh ta egkalg

uhlbhbogbemg bhi fhdmbtfah rglbfhs b

warryfho fssug( Efo eusfhgssgs brg dmgg,

fho tcg kauhtry bhi fhvgstars brg

pummfho aut( Ycgrupgg cbseggh ahb drggdbmm sfhkg Lby bhitcg stakj lbrjgts brg

krbscfho(

Kcfiblebrbl/s mfst ad 2> stgps ’

wcfkc cg prauimy prgsghtgi ta ^brmfb,

lght ’ tcbt kaumi stgl tcg igkmfhg fs b

kbsg ad taa mfttmg taa mbtg( Cfs Oavgrh,

lght kbhhat uhia fh lahtcs tcg ibl,

bog tcbt ft cbs kbusgi avgr ygbrs( Ycg

wauhisfhdmfktgi ah tcg gkahaly brg hat

supgrdfkfbm ta oa bwby wftc tcg lbofkwbhi ad b tgh,pafht pmbh- bt mgbst hat bs

saah bs fh tcg hgxt dgw lahtcs egdarg

tcg Maj [becb gmgktfah(

Kcfiblebrbl rgbmfsgs tcbt cfs Oav,

grhlght/s gkahalfk lfslbhboglght fs

oafho ta mgbvg b tgrrfemg lgss dar tcg

hgxt rgoflg ta orbppmg wftc- bhi cg

iagsh/t sggl taa warrfgi ey tcbt( Ycg

dgw cbmd,ebjgi lgbsurgs cg cbs tbjgh

avgr tcg mbst lahtcs cbvg iahg hatcfho

ta eaast sghtflghts( Ugparts tcbt tcg

Oavgrhlght cbi kmgbrgi fhvgstlghts

wartc larg tcbh Us 2(3> mbjc krarg ar

tcbt ft iags hat pmbh ta prakggi wftc

larg kbpftbm kahtrams ar tcbt ft wfmm hat

jggpscfdtfho oabmpasts fh gkahalfkpamf,

kfgs#mfjg ft ifiwftc tcg fmm,kahkgfvgi rgt,raspgktfvg tbxbtfah igkfsfah&- cbvg hat

flprgssgi fhiustry(Ft fs ifddfkumt ta eg,

mfgvg Kcfiblebrbl wcghcg kmbfls tcbt

tcg Oavgrhlght wfmm eg bemg ta kahtbfh

tcg kurrght bkkauht igdfkft ta Us 9(45

mbjc krarg egkbusg tcg kammbpsfho rupgg

bhi tcg rfsfho flpart efmm ah bkkauht ad

dugm #ft cbs oat igbrgr ey 2> pgr kght fh

rupgg tgrls- bmtcauoc fhtgrhbtfahbm

prfkgs brg wgmm egmaw tcgfr prgvfauscfocs& bhi dgrtfmfsgr purkcbsgs- wfmm

ibsc tcg Dfhbhkg Lfhfstgr/s capgs( Ycg

kasts ad flpart brg taa mbrog ta eg addsgt

ey tglparbry obfhs tcbt lby eg cbi

tcrauoc gxparts bs b rgsumt ad tcg ig,

kmfhfho vbmug ad tcg rupgg(_cfmg tcg kam,

mbpsg ad tcg stakj lbrjgts fs pbrtmy b rg,

dmgktfah ad tcg pgssflfsl tcbt pgrvbigs

fhiustry- tcg fllgifbtg kbusg wcfkc

trfoogrgi tcg emaaiebtc wbs tcg W B

rgoflg/s fmm,tflgi daai sgkurfty efmm

wcfkc tcg Maj [becb cbs pbssgi( Bt b

tflg wcgh tcg gkahaly fs fh iamiruls

bhi tcg Oavgrhlght fs struoomfho ta

erfiog igdfkfts bhi pralfsfho ta kut

kasts- tcg W B5/s dmboscfp praorbllg

wfmm eurigh tcg stbtg wftc culahoaussuesfifgs tcbt ft kbhhat duhi( Ycg pur,

pasg ad tcgdaaiefmm lby eg mbuibemg eut

tcg tflfho fs hat: har brg salg ad tcg

efmm‖s pravfsfahs( Eut tcg Oavgrhlght

kaumih/t kbrg mgss egkbusg ft fs kah,

kgrhgi wftc bttrbktfho vatgs bt tcg kast

ad rufhfho tcg gkahaly durtcgr(

#[cbrg yaur vfgws bt giftarNwgtcgstbtg(kal&



_G YCG [YBYGâmftfks9 ECA^BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

Bttbkj ah Kaho kbvbmkbig0 Dbktfahbmfsl fh pbrty gxpasgi

ECA^BM

Fd tcg mujgwbrl rgspahsg ad tcg

stbtg Kahorgss mgbigrs ta tcg fhkf,

ight ad bmmgogi bttbkj ah tcg kbvbm,

kbig ad darlgr kcfgd lfhfstgr Ifovf by

[fhoc fs bhy fhifkbtfah- tcg prgvbfmfho

dbktfahbmfsl fh tcg stbtg Kahorgss cbs

bobfh kalg ta tcg darg(

[tbtg Kahorgss prgsfight Jbhtfmbm

Ecurfb bhi mgbigr ad appasftfah B`by

[fhoc- jhawh suppartgrs ad Ifovf`by-

cbvg lbfhtbfhgi bh boorgssfvg stbhi(

Cawgvgr- atcgr sghfar mgbigrs ad tcg

pbrty cbvg hat ygt ofvgh tcgfr rgbktfah

ta tcg fssug(

Whfah lfhfstgr Jblbmhbtc- @yatfrb,

iftyb [kfhifb- darlgr stbtg Kahorgss

prgsfight [urgsc ^bkcburf bhi L^

[btybvrbt Kcbturvgif cbvg hgftcgr kah,

iglhgi tcg bttbkj ah [fhoc har cbvg

tcgy krftfkfsgi tcg stbtg oavgrhlght dar

fts dbfmurg ta pravfig sgkurfty ta tcg dar,

lgr kcfgd lfhfstgr(

_cfmg[fhoccbs eggh suppartgi eytcg

dammawgrs ad cfs kblp- atcgr Kahorgss,

lgh brg ifstbhkfho tcglsgmvgs draltcg

fhkfight( [aurkgs sbfikgrtbfh mgbigrs fh

tcgKahorgss ia hatwbht tcbt tcgbttbkj

ah [fhoc scaumi eg lbig b efo fssug(Ycg kghtrbm mgbigrs ad tcg pbrty lbfh,

tbfhgitcbt tcgKahorgss waumi suddgrfd

Ifovf`by tbjgs tcg irfvgr‖s sgbt( Ycbt fs

tcg rgbsah wcy fts lbfh mgbigrs brg

jggpfho tcglsgmvgs bwby dral tcg fhkf,

ight(

Lgbhwcfmg Bssgrtfho tcbt tcg bttbkj

ah cfs kbvbmkbigwbs prgpmbhhgi- Ifovf,

`by [fhoc sbfi tcbt tcg bttbkj wbs fh,

ifkbtfvg ad tcg drustrbtfah ad E@^ mgbi,

grsegkbusgtcgywbhtgi ta darloavgrh,

lght dar tcg tcfri tflg ey caaj ar ey

kraaj( Ycgy dgbr tcbt fd tcg Kahorgss

kblg ta pawgr- ft wfmm hat spbrg bhyahg

fhvamvgi fh karruptfah(

Cg sbfi tcg bttbkj wbs prgpmbhhgi eg,

kbusg igspftg cbvfho prgvfaus fhdarlb,

tfah beaut E@^ bhiU[[ warjgrsobtcgr,

fho bt Jujscf- [IA^ kahkgrhgi mgdt tcg

cgbiqubrtgrs bhi tcg makbm [ILifi hat

turhup bt tcgspat(Ahmy daur pamfkglgh

wgrgigpmaygi wftc tcgpamfkg stbtfah fh,

kcbrog(

L^KK kcfgd Jbh tfmbm E curfb

kalpbrgi tcg bttbkj wftc tcg hbxbm bt,

tbkj ah Kccbttfsobrc Kahorgss mgbigrs(

Cg sbfi- E@^ wbhtgi ta dammaw tcg pbt,

tgrh wcfkc ft biaptgi fh Ou`brbt bhi

Kccbttfsobrc eut tcg Kahorgss wbs hat

sa wgbj bhi ft waumi ofvg b egdfttfho rg,pmy(

Lgbhwcfmg- E@^ stbtg spajgslbh Tf,

`ghirb [fhoc [fsaifb cbs kahiglhgi

Ifovf`by [fhoc dar fssufho stbtglghts

ùst ta cao mflgmfoct( [fsaifb bmmgogi

tcbt [fhoc kaumi ofvg bhy stbtglght dar

tcg sbjg ad egkalfho kghtrg ad bttrbk,

tfah( Cg sbfi tcg prapbobhib lbig ah

bmmgogi bttbkj ah tcg kbrbvbh ad Ifovf,

`by [fhoc fs tatbmmy dbmsg bhi tcg E@^

pbrty warjgrs cbvg hatcfho ta ia wftc

ft( Mfhjfho E@^ warjgrs wftc tcg fhkf,

ight fs b praad ad Kahorgss‖ hbrraw

lghtbmfty- cg biigi(

Ugofahbm pbrtfgs cami tcg jgy0 ^bwbr

Y

cg Hbtfahbmfst Kahorgss ^brty

#HK^& prgsfight [cbrbi ^bwbr-

wca cbs eggh pbrt ad W B oav,grhlght fh Igmcf bs wgmm bs fh Lul,

ebf fs kahvfhkgi tcbt hgftcgr tcg Kah,

orgss har tcg E@^ wfmm eg bemg ta darl

tcg hgxt oavgrhlght ah tcgfr awh(

_ftc tcg jfhi ad uhkgrtbfh tflgs wg

brg mfvfho fh-ahg iags hathggi b pamft,

fkbm puhift ta sby eatc tcg hbtfahbm

pbrtfgs wfmm dbmm scart ad tcg lbofk dfo,

urg fh tcg kalfho oghgrbm gmgktfahs(

Eut bs b sgbsahgi pamftfkfbh- ^bwbr

cbsoahg durtcgr ta prgifkt tcbt slbmm,

gr rgofahbm pbrtfgs wfmm igkfig wca

wfmm rumg bt tcg Kghtrg bdtgr tcg gmgk,

tfahs(

Ycfs igkmbrbtfah cbs upsgt Kahorgss

mgbigrs wca dggm tcbt wftc tcg jfhi ad prgpbrbtfahs tcg Kahorgss fs lbjfho-

mfjg ifrgkt pbylght ta eghgdfkfbrfgs

bhi tcg Daai [gkurfty Efmm- tcg

ebmbhkg scaumi tfmt fh dbvaur ad tcg

Kahorgss bhi tcgy gxpgkt tcgfr bmmfgs-

mfjg tcg HK^- ta eg vakbm beaut ft(

Ycauoc^bwbr cbs lbig ft kmgbr tcbt

cfs pbrty waumi mfjg ta kahtgst tcg

kalfho gmgktfahs bs b pbrt ad tcg W^B

bhi waumi cbvg b sgbt,scbrfho uhigr,

stbhifho wftc tcg Kahorgss fh Lbcb,

rbsctrb- cg fs jggpfho cfs pamm bmmy ah

tags(

Cg fs wgmm bwbrg tcbt tcg HK - wcfkc

cbi wah gfoct aut ad 93sgbts fhLbcb,

rbsctrb- cbs vgry mfttmg kcbhkg- eut cg

cbs mfstgi pbrtfgs wcfkc brg jhawh tacbvg b sadt karhgr dar cfsjfhi ad mgbi,

grscfp( Ycfs kcafkg ad rgofahbm

pbrtfgs- wcfkc ^bwbr sbys wfmm igkfig

tcg dbtg ad bmmfbhkgs mgi ey tcg Kah,

orgss bs wgmm bs tcg E@ - cbs mgdt tcg

Kahorgss dmaar lbhbogrs warryfho(

Cg cbs mfstgi rgofahbm strbps wca

wfmm igkfig tcg dbtg ad hgxt oavgrh,

lght ‛ Lblbtb Ebhgr`gg ad tcg Yrf,

hblaam Kahorgss dral _gst Eghobm-

Hbvfh ^btthbfj ad Aifscb- Lumbybl

[fhoc ad tcg [blb`wbif ^brty bhi

Lbybwbtfad tcg Ebcu bh [blb` ^brty

ad W - Hftfsc Julbr ad tcg @bhbtb Ibm

#Whftgi& dral Efcbr bhi @bybmbmftcbb

ad tcg BFBILJ dral Yblfm Hbiu( Bmm

tcgsg mgbigrs cbvg b vgry kmasg bhi

cgbmtcy pgrsahbm rbppart wftc ^bwbr(

YcgKahorgssjhaws tcbt ft wfmm hggisuppart dral tcgsg mgbigrs fh tcgpast,

gmgktfah grb- ta darl tcg hgxt oavgrh,

lght fh Igmcf( ^bwbr- ey mfstfho tcgl-

fs ghcbhkfho cfs awh flpartbhkg

wftcfh tcg W^B,5- ta obfh ebrobfhfho

pawgr(

Bkkarifho ta b sghfar Kahorgss

mgbigr dral Lbcbrbsctrb- tcfs fs

^bwbr‖s wby ad tgmmfho tcg Kahorgss

tcbt wftcaut cfs suppart- tcgy wfmm

dfhi ft ifddfkumt ta wfh avgr drfghis

dral rgofahbm pbrtfgs(

^bwbr cbs kbtgoarfkbmmy sbfi tcbt bmm

tcgsg mgbigrs- wftc sfzgbemg hulegr

ad L^s dral tcgfr rgspgktfvg pbrtfgs-

wfmm bmsa egkalg flpartbht fh igkfi,

fho wca wfmm mgbi tcg hgxt oavgrh,

lght( Fd eatc tcg Kahorgss bhi tcg

E@îa hatogt tcgrgqufrgihulegr tamgbi drahts fh tcg past,gmgktfah grb-

tcgh tcgsg rgofahbm mgbigrs wfmm

glgrog bs pawgrdum pawgr erajgrs

bhi kbh ifktbtg tgrls( Cg dargsggs b

jfhi ad dgigrbm oavgrhlght- wcgrg

hbtfahbm pbrtfgs brg ifktbtgi ta ey tcg

rgofahbm pbrtfgs- ah bmm lbàr fssugs

ad oavgrhbhkg(

[tbtglght ah [yrfbsftubtfah dral BruhObhicf , Orbhisah ad

Lbcbtlb Obhicf

Lbcbtlb Obhicf sbfi0 –wcbt b kfvfmfzgi

warmi hggis fs pamftfks wftc prfhkfpmgs(‖ Ycg

Erftfsc ^brmfblght cbsiglahstrbtgitcfs gd,

dgktfvgmy(

Bs tcgifddfkumtfssugs ad [yrfbkcbmmghog us

tcg warmi hggis ta drgg ftsgmd dral tcg lfmf,

tbryfhiustrfbmkalpmgxgs tcbtstajgvfamghkg

bhi lbjg pradfts dral tcg emaai bhi mfvgs ad

fhhakght pgapmg( ^rgsfight Gfsghcawgr cbi

wbrhgi us ad tcg kahsgqughkgs fh 267; bhi

wg brg haw mgbrhfho tcg mgssah"

Wmtflbtgmy tcg Erftfsc ^brmfblght cbs

scawh tcg kaurbog ta rg`gkt lfmftbry samu,

tfahs ta warmi praemgls(

F borgg wftc tcg Haegm ^gbkg Mburgbtgs

Brkcefscap Yutu bhi Lbfrgbi Lboufrg bhi

stbhi wftc tcgl fh tcgfr kbmm dar –culbh fh,

tgrvghtfah‖ bhi –ifbmaoug‖ ta mgbi tcg wby ta

pgbkg bhi rgkahkfmfbtfah fh [yrfbh(

BruhObhicf-orbhisah ad LbcbtlbObhi,

cf- fs tcg ^rgsfight ad Obhicf _armiwfig

Giukbtfah Fhstftutg



_G YCG [YBYGDgbturg7 ECA BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

[CWECUB YBHIAH

G,lbfm0 scuecrb5225Nolbfm(kal

F

t‖s sbfi tcbt tcg kfvfmfzbtfah bhi kumturg

ad tcg kauhtry fs ùiogi ey tcg stbtus ft

bkkaris ta walgh( Tgifk mftgrbturg bmsa

sbys tcbt tcbt tcg oais tcglsgmvgs iwgmm fh

tcg causgs wcgrg walgh brg rgspgktgi( 3tc

ad lbrkc kgmgerbtgi bs Fhtgrhbtfahbm

_algh‖s iby gvgry ygbr scaws tcg prgsght

stbtus ad walgh fh tcg sakfgty( Ycg walbh

ad taiby wbhts ta mgbi b ifohfdfgi mfdg ad

gqubmfty wftc lbh( Ycg bwbrghgss blaho

tcg walbh tcg warmi avgr cbs rbfsgi tcgfr

stbtus bhi cgmpgi tcgl ta bkcfgvg tcg gqubm

rfocts dar tcgl( B walbh fs straho ghauoc

ta dbkg tcg rgvgrsgs fh mavg bhi dartuhg( Ycgy

jhaw caw ta ifg dar mavg bhi iuty( Ycgy

kaumi survfvg tcg ifsbstgrs tcbt kaumi ergbj

iawh lbhy lgh( Hatcfho kbh eg larg

taukcfho tcbh tcg sfoct ad b sadt cgbrtgi

walbh wca suiighmy utfmfzgs cgr larbm

darkg ta egkalg tcg kaldartgr ad cgr dblfmyah tcg igbtc ad cgr cusebhi ar cgr dbtcgr(

Ycg rgkght iglfsg ad tcg F^[ addfkgr fh Lbi,

cyb rbigsc bhi cgr prgohbht wfdg kbrryfho

aut bmm tcg rftubms lbig lg kftg tcg beavg

mfhgs( Ycg rgbsah egcfhi gmbearbtfho tcg

strghotc ad walbh fs tcbt fd b walbh kbh

scaumigr b lbh fh gvgry rgspahsfefmfty- scg

scaumi eg ofvgh gqubm rfocts ta wftcstbhi

prauimy fh tcg sakfgty(

Fh bhkfght Fhifb- walgh ghàygi dumm rg,

spgkt bhi cahaur( Ycgy ghàygi gqubm rfocts

wftc lgh wftc dumm mfegrty ta rgkgfvg giukb,

tfah bhi prgpbrg tcglsgmvgs ta dbkg tcg br,

iuaus ebttmg ad mfdg( Ycgy gvgh cbi tcg dumm

rfoct ta pbrtfkfpbtg fh tcgfr lbtrflahfbm ig,

kfsfahs( Ycg kustals ad camifho swbyblvbr

obvg tcgl dumm rfoct ta kcaasg tcgfr mfdg pbrt,

hgrs( Cawgvgr tcg pasftfah ad Fhifbh walgh

stbrtgi igtgrfarbtfho fh tcg lgifgvbm pgrfai

wcgh tcg prbktfkg ad sbtf- kcfmi lbrrfbogs-

ebh ah wfiaw rglbrrfbog egkblg tcg pbrt

ad sakfgty( Ycg Lusmfl fhvbsfah fhtraiukgi

tcg puribc systgl fh tcg Fhifbh sakfgty

wcfkc kalpmgtgmy kavgrgi tcg rfocts- vbmugs

bhi rgspgkt ad tcg walgh( Fh spftg ad tcgsg

kahiftfahs- salg walgh gxkgmmgi fh tcg

dfgmis ad pamftfks- mftgrbturg- giukbtfah bhi

rgmfofah( Ycgy cbvg pravgi ta eg tcg o rgbt pb,

trfats( Ubhf ad @cbhsf- @f`bebf- Ubzfb [um,

tbhb- ^rfhkgss [caecb bhi Ubhf Iurobvbtf

cbvg mgdt egcfhi tcg fhigmfemg lglarfgs ad

tcgfr pbtrfatfk dgrvar fh tcg lfhis ad bmm Fh,

ifbhs( Iurfho tcg Erftfsc rumg- lbhy rg,

darlgrs mfjg Ub`b Ubl Lacbh Uay- @yatfrba

^cumg bhi Fscwbr Kcbhirb Tfiybsbobr

dauoct dar tcg upmfdtlght ad walgh fh tcg

kauhtry bhi beamftfah ad sukc prbktfkgs( Ycg

rgsumt wbs tcbt iurfho tcg drggial struoomg-

walgh scaumigrgi tcg lgh bhi lbig b rg,

lbrjbemg kahtrfeutfah( Ycg hblgs ad [bra,

`fhf Hbfiu- Jbstureb Obhicf bhi Tf`bymbxlf

^bhift igsgrvg ta eg lghtfahgi fh tcfs rg,

obri(

Ycg stbtus ad walgh cbs uhigroahg sfohfd,

fkbht flpravglght sfhkg fhigpghighkg(

_algh‖s wgmdbrg fs haw b pralfhght dgbturg

fh bmm tcg pmbhs( Ycgy brg ofvgh sgpbrbtg

sgbts fh bmm pamftfkbm pmbkgs( Fhifrb Obhicfwca sgrvgi bs tcg prflg lfhfstgr dar bh bo,

orgobtg ad dfdtggh ygbrs fs tcg mahogst sgrvfho

walbh prflg lfhfstgr fh tcg warmi( Ycg

prgsght prgsfight ad tcg kauhtry- ^rbtfecb

^btfm bhi tcg spgbjgr ad Maj [becb- Lgfrb

Julbr bmsa scaw tcg mulfhaus prgsghkg ad

walgh fh tcg last butcarftbtfvg pasftfahs fd

kauhtry‖s bilfhfstrbtfah(

Yaiby tcg ramg ad lgh bhi walgh fh aur

sakfgty fs eatc kammbearbtfvg bhi suppmglgh,

tbry( Ycg lytc ad lbmg supgrfarfty fs ahmy b

ifstartfah tcbt kblg fh tcg wbjg ad orawfho

lbmg ialfhbtfah( Aur kahstftutfah ghsurgs

b pmbkg ad ifohfty bhi cahaur dar bmm walgh(

Ycg btrakftfgs bobfhst walgh brg b smur ah

tcg dbfr hblg ad culbhfty( Ycg fhkfighkg ad

krflg bobfhst walgh- wcfkc cbs stbrtgi

scawfho bh upwbri trghi bt b tflg wcgh Fh,

ifb stbhis bt b tcrgscami ad sakfa,gkahalfk

rgvamutfah pafhts ta b igmfegrbtg lfskcfgd(

Ycg sakfbm gvfms cbvg ta eg grbifkbtgi ey b

rgvamutfahbry praorbl ta erfho beaut tcg

rbifkbm kcbhog fh sakfbm egcbvfar tawbris

walgh(

Fssugs kallahmy bssakfbtgi wftc hatfahs

ad walgh/s rfocts fhkmuig tcg rfoct0 ta eaif,

my fhtgorfty bhi butahaly: ta vatg: ta cami

puemfk addfkg: ta warj: ta dbfr wbogs ar gqubm

pby: ta awh prapgrty: ta giukbtfah: ta sgrvg

fh tcg lfmftbry ar eg kahskrfptgi: ta ghtgr

fhta mgobm kahtrbkts: bhi ta cbvg lbrftbm-

pbrghtbm bhi rgmfofaus rfocts( Tbrfaus stgps

cbvg eggh tbjgh ey tcg sakfgtfgs tcg warmi

avgr ta glpawgr tcg walgh bhi ta ofvg tcgl

gqubm rfocts( Fh 2694 tcg Whftgi Hbtfahs gs,

tbemfscgi b Kallfssfah ah tcg [tbtus ad

_algh wcfkc fs haw b pbrt ad Gkahalfk

bhi [akfbm Kauhkfm( [fhkg 26?7 tcg WH cbs

cgmi sgrfgs ad warmi kahdgrghkgs ah walgh‖s

fssugs wcfkc fhkmuigi b kallftlght ta

bkcfgvg oghigr gqubmfty bhi glpawgrlght

ad walgh( Fh 5>2>- WH _algh wbs dauhigi

ey lgrofho ad Ifvfsfah dar tcg Bivbhkglght

ad _algh- Fhtgrhbtfahbm Ugsgbrkc bhi

Yrbfhfho Fhstftutg dar tcg Bivbhkglght ad

_algh- Addfkg ad tcg [pgkfbm Bivfsgr ar

Oghigr Fssugs Bivbhkglght ad _algh bhi

Whftgi Hbtfahs Igvgmaplght Duhi dar_algh ey Oghgrbm Bssglemy Ugsamutfah(

Ycg Whfvgrsbm Igkmbrbtfah ad Culbh Ufocts-

biaptgi fh 2693- ghscrfhgs %tcg gqubm rfocts

ad lgh bhi walgh%- bhi biirgssgi eatc tcg

gqubmfty bhi gqufty fssugs( Fh 26?6 tcg Whft,

gi Hbtfahs Oghgrbm Bssglemy biaptgi tcg

Kahvghtfah ah tcg Gmflfhbtfah ad Bmm Darls

ad Ifskrflfhbtfah bobfhst _algh #KGIB_&

dar mgobm flpmglghtbtfah ad tcg Igkmbrbtfah

ah tcg Gmflfhbtfah ad Ifskrflfhbtfah

bobfhst _algh( Igskrfegi bs bh fhtgrhb,

tfahbm efmm ad rfocts dar walgh- ft kblg fhta

darkg ah ; [gptglegr 2632( Ft bmsa gstbemfscgs

bh boghib ad bktfah dar puttfho bh ghi ta sgx,

ebsgi ifskrflfhbtfah dar wcfkc stbtgs rbtfdy,

fho tcg Kahvghtfah brg rgqufrgi ta ghscrfhg

oghigr gqubmfty fhta tcgfr ialgstfk mgofsmb,

tfah- rgpgbm bmm ifskrflfhbtary pravfsfahs fh

tcgfr mbws- bhi ghbkt hgw pravfsfahs ta

oubri bobfhst ifskrflfhbtfah bobfhst

walgh( Ycgy lust bmsa gstbemfsc trfeuhbms

bhi puemfk fhstftutfahs ta oubrbhtgg walgh

gddgktfvg pratgktfah bobfhst ifskrflfhbtfah-

bhi tbjg stgps ta gmflfhbtg bmm darls ad ifs,

krflfhbtfah prbktfkgi bobfhst walgh ey fh,

ifvfiubms- arobhfzbtfahs- bhi ghtgrprfsgs(

#[aurkg, _fjfpgifb&

Fh Fhifb bmsa vbrfaus mbws cbvg eggh sgtup

ta pravfig gqubm rfocts ta walgh( Ycg Kah,

stftutfah ad Fhifb hat ahmy orbhts gqubmfty ta

walgh eut bmsa glpawgrs tcg [tbtg ta biaptlgbsurgs ad pasftfvg ifskrflfhbtfah fh

dbvaur ad walgh dar hgutrbmfzfho tcg kulu,

mbtfvg sakfa gkahalfk- giukbtfah bhi pamftf,

kbm ifsbivbhtbogs dbkgi ey tcgl( Duhib,

lghtbm Ufocts- blaho atcgrs- ghsurg gqubmf,

ty egdarg tcg mbw bhi gqubm pratgktfah ad mbw:

pracfefts ifskrflfhbtfah bobfhst bhy kftfzgh

ah orauhis ad rgmfofah- rbkg- kbstg- sgx ar

pmbkg ad efrtc- bhi oubrbhtgg gqubmfty ad ap,

partuhfty ta bmm kftfzghs fh lbttgrs rgmbtfho

ta glpmaylght( Brtfkmgs 29- 27- 27#;&- 24-

;6#b&- ;6#e&- ;6#k& bhi 95 ad tcg Kahstftutfah

brg ad spgkfdfk flpartbhkg fh tcfs rgobri(

Ycg oavgrhlght bhi tcg kahstftutfah ifi

tcgfr pbrt- tcgy lbig tcg mbws- tcgy pravfi,

gi us wftc tcg rfocts eut bh flpravglght fh

tcg sftubtfah kbh ahmy eg erauoct beaut ey

krgbtfho b straho puemfk apfhfah fh tcfs rg,

spgkt( Tfamghkg bobfhst walgh fh Fhifb fs eg,

kalfho larg drgqught bhi fs bmbrlfhomy ah

tcg fhkrgbsg( Yaiby fh bmlast gvgry strbtul

ad tcg sakfgty walgh brg trgbtgi bs fhdgrfar

krgbturgs( Ycg walgh cbvg scaumigrgi tcg

lgh pradgssfahbmmy- tcgy brg warjfho ah

cfocgr pasts ygt tcgy brg pcysfkbmmy bssbumt,

gi- tcgfr pcysfkbm wgbjhgss egkalgs tcg

prflg wgbpah dar tcg lbh ta pravg tcgfr su,

pgrfarfty( _g lby oa ah scautfho beaut tcg

kahstftutfahbm gqubmfty egtwggh lgh bhi

walgh- eut wg cbvg ygt ta oa b maho wby eg,

darg walgh dfhi bh gqubm- sbdg bhi cah,

aurbemg pasftfah fh tcg sakfgty( _algh fh tcg

sakfgty brg stfmm vgry vumhgrbemg( Ycg culbhtrbddfkjfho cbs spafmgi tcg mfvgs ad fhhulgr,

bemg walgh( Gvgh bdtgr sa lukc ad laigrh,

fzbtfah- sbdgty lgbsurgs bhi twghty daur

caurs kahtbkt lgifuls- dblfmfgs ad warjfho

walgh stfmm mfvg wftc tcg uhjhawh dgbr eg,

kbusg tcgy jhaw tcbt tcgfr ibuoctgr- tcgfr

wfdg fs gxpasgi ta tcg prgyfho gygs ad cuh,

ory lbmgs gvgry lalght tcgy brg aut ad

tcgfr calgs( _cgtcgr b walbh fs b paar

warjgr- b ialgstfk sgrvbht- b cfocmy pbfi

FB[ addfkgr- scg fs tcg dakbm pafht ad cuhirgis

ad cuhory gygs(

Ft‖s surprfsfho tcbt fh spftg ad sa lbhy mbws

bhi rfocts ta gqubmfty egtwggh lgh bhi

walgh: walgh stfmm kahtfhug ta mfvg uhigr

tcg strgss bhi strbfh ad lbmg ialfhbtfah

tcbt lbhfdgsts ftsgmd fh tcg darl ad vbrfaus

jfhis ad cbriscfps bhi fhifohftfgs ta tcgl(

Ya ghsurg tcg gqubm rfocts ta tcg walgh wg

cbvg lfmgs ta oa( Uglglegrfho Cutkcfhs‖

waris- ”Culbh rfocts rgst ah culbh ifohf,

ty( Ycg ifohfty ad lbh fs bh figbm wartc dfoct,

fho dar bhi wartc iyfho dar(“ [a haw ft‖s tcg

tflg ta stbhi bhi dfoct dar tcg gqubm rfocts ad

walgh(

GRWBM

UFOCY[

DAU

_ALGH



_G YCG [YBYGUgofah4 ECA BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

E@^/s –Lfssfah 5>2;/ ogts dfmmfp wftc Ebstbr Lbcbrb`bUBF^WU

Kccbttfsobrc‖s rumfho E@^ oat b lbàr

dfmmfp ah _gihgsiby bs skfah ad Ebs,

tbr‖s raybm dblfmy Jblbmkcbhi Ecbh,

ìga àfhgi tcg sbddrah pbrty bt b cfoc,pradfmg

duhktfah cgmi bt [tbtg pbrty cgbiqubrtgrs(

Ycg E@^ wbs tryfho ta waa Ecbhìga dar

lahtcs bs pbrty‖s fhtgrhbm upibtgi survgy fh,

ifkbtgi tcbt E@^ waumi suddgr amt ah bt mgbst 7 ,

4 sgbts fh Ebstbr rgofah fh Bssglemy pamms

wcfkc fs skcgiumgi fh tcg [tbtg ey tcg ygbr,

ghi(

Ycg Kahorgss wcfkc fs aut ad pawgr sfhkg

Igkglegr 5>>;- wbs bmsa igspgrbtg ta erfho

Ecbhìga fhta pbrty dami- eut ft mast ta E@^‖s

pamm strbtgofsts(

Ycg lbssfvg trfebm papumbtfah ad Ebstbr rg,

ofah wcfkc cbs 25 Bssglemy sgbts- cbvg b iggp

oghgrbtfahs,ami bddgktfah wftc Ebstbr raybm

dblfmy bhi fh sgvgrbm sgbts- tcg kbmm ad Jb,

lbmkcbhi Ecbhìga waumi igkfig tcg dbtg ad

kbhifibtgs( E@^ saurkgs sby tcg pbrty hggis ta

rgpgbt fts 5>>3 pamm pgrdarlbhkg tcfs ygbr ta

skarg b cbt,trfkj( Eut b rgkght fhtgrhbm survgy

kahiuktgi ey tcg E@^ fh tcg [tbtg fhifkbtgi

tcbt tcg pbrty waumi suddgr igdgbts bt bs lbhy

bs sfx sgbts fh Ebstbr rgofah lbfhmy egkbusg

ad bhtf,fhkuleghky bobfhst makbm LMBs(

Ycg E@^ cbi wah 22 sgbts aut ad Ebstbr‖s ta,

tbm 25 sgbts fh ygbr 5>>3 bhi tcg Kaho rgss lbh,

bogi ta pumm add vfktary fh Jahtb sgbt ahmy

wcgrg fts halfhgg Jbwbsf Mbjclb wah ey b

lbrofh ad ùst 265 vatgs(

Ycg sghfar mgbigrs ad tcg E@^ cbvg tgrlgi

tcg ghtry ad Ecbhìga fhta tcg pbrty –b efo

eaast dar tcg pbrty‖ fh tcg rgofah wcfkc camis

jgy dar Oavgrhlght darlbtfah fh tcg [tbtg(

E@^ hbtfahbm oghgrbm sgkrgtbry bhi pbrty fh,

kcbrog dar Kccbttfsobrc @^ Hbiib- hbtfahbm

àfht sgkrgtbr y #arobhfsbtfah& [buibh [fhoc-

Kccbttfsobrbc Kcfgd Lfhfstgr Ublbh [fhoc-

E@^ [tbtg Kcfgd Ublsgwbj bfjrb bhi bmlast

ghtfrg drahtmfhg mgbigrscfp ad tcg pbrty fh

Kccbttfsobrc rgkgfvgi Ecbhìga bhi cfs

iazghs ad suppartgrs bt tcg [tbtg pbrty cgbi,

qubrtgrs ah _gihgsiby bdtgrhaah bhi cbfmgi

cfs igkfsfah ta àfh E@ (

Ebmfibhf Jbmbsc Vbtrb0Yrfeutgs ta Jbrlb-

atcgrs jfmmgi ey Hbxbms

UBF^WU

Ya pby trfeutg ta Lbcghirb Jbrlb- Tfiyb

Kcbrbh [cujmb- Hbhi Julbr ^btgm- Wibf

Luimfybr- Oapf Lbicwbhf bhi atcgrs wca

lbrtyrgi fh tcg Lby 57 Lbafst bttbkj ah

Kahorgss kahvay bt @ggrbl Tbmmgy hgbrIbrecb- pgapmg wgmkalgi Ebmfibhf Lbbtf

Jbmbsc Vbtrb ghtcusfbstfkbmmy bt Ecbhpurf bs

tcg Vbtrb mgdt Ebstbr Emakj Cgbiqubrtgrs dar

Hbrbybhpur rgkghtmy(

Ycg Vbtrb kblg ta b pbusg bt Ecbhpurf

Kcawj ah Hbtfahbm Cfocwby ;> wcgrg pgapmg

pbfi dmarbm trfeutg ta mgbigrs blfi kcbhts ad

–Lbcghirb Jbrlb- Tfiyb Kcbrbh [cujmb-

Hbhi Julbr ^btgm Blbr Ubcg‖( [ah ad mbtg

Jbrlb Iggpbj Jbrlb- fh,kcbrog ad Jbmbsc

Vbtrb Ub`gsc Yfwbrf- Lbmjft [fhoc Obfhiu-

[bttbr Bmf- Vbscwbricbh Uba- Bhturbl

Jbscybp- Mbjcgscwbr Ebocgm- ^rglscbhjbr

[cujmb- Ub`ghirb Yfwbrf bhi atcgrs wgrg

prgsght( Cbvfho kallghkgi fts àurhgy fh

Ebstbr- tcg pamfkg igpbrtlght fs hat tbjfho

bhy kcbhkg fh pravfifho sgkurfty ta tcg

Jbmbsc Vbtrb( _cfmg tcg `bwbhs ad Kghtrbm

Ugsgrvg âmfkg Darkg- Kccbttfsobrc Brlgi

Darkgs bhi Ifstrfkt pamfkg wgrg mfhfho eatc

sfigs ad tcg rabi bmaho wftc eale ifspasbm

squbi- rabi apghfho pbrty wbs lbrkcfho

bcgbi ad tcg Jbmbsc Vbtrb Ubtc bmsa( Bdtgr ad,

dgrfho b tgbrdum bifgu ta tcgfr mgbigrs- pgapmg

sght add tcg Jbmbsc Vbtrb ta Hbrbybhpur(

UBF^WU

Bh autstbhifho gxblpmg ad igtgr,

lfhgi pamftfkbm wfmm- kalpbssfah,

btg mgbigrscfp bhi slbrt tcfhj,

fho- tcg E@^,rumgi Kccbttfsobrc stbtg ad,dgrs krukfbm mgssahs ah caw ta strgblmfhg

tcg systgl bhi ghsurg sukkgss ad sakfbm

wgmdbrg skcglgs

Ycgrg fs wfigsprgbi kyhfkfsl tcbt last

sakfbm wgmdbrg skcglgs brg iaalgi ta dbfm

ofvgh tcg kumturg ad kcrahfk karruptfah

bhi ebi oavgrhbhkg tcbt igdfhgs tcg prgs,

ght pamftfkbm skghg fh Fhifb( Ycgrg fs ha

pafht fh fhkrgbsfho spghifho ah tcg sakfbm

sgktar egkbusg ft wfmm ahmy mgbi ta wbstbog

ad puemfk rgsaurkgs( Eut tcg Kccbttfsobrc

Daai [gkurfty Bkt #KD[B& scaws us caw ta

avgrkalg tcgsg praemgls( Ft fs fh lbhy

wbys b egttgr vgrsfah ad tcg Hbtfahbm Daai

[gkurfty Efmm pbssgi ey tcg Maj [becb gbr,

mfgr tcfs wggj( Bhtyaibyb bhi vgry paar

causgcamis rgkgfvg ;7jo ad orbfh bt ahg ar

twa rupggs pgr jo( Mgbrhfho mgssahs dral

Yblfm Hbiu- Bhicrb ^rbigsc bhi Cf,

lbkcbm ^rbigsc- KD[B bmsa bssurgs twa

jo ad pumsgs bt dfvg,2> rupggs pgr jo(

Ft fs gstflbtgi tcbt tcgrg fs b 9> pgr kght

mgbjbog fh tcg puemfk ifstrfeutfah systgl

hbtfahbmmy bhi lbhy [tbtgs cbvg dbfmgi ta

pmuo tcg mgbj( Kccbttfsobrc- cawgvgr- cbs

eggh bemg ta kahtbfh tcg mass suestbhtfbmmy(

Dfrst- ft rglavgi prfvbtgmy,ruh dbfr prfkg

scaps bhi lbig walgh‖s sgmd,cgmp oraups-

pbhkcbybts bhi kaapgrbtfvg sakfgtfgs rg,

spahsfemg dar lbhbofho rbtfah scaps(Hgxt- ft dakussgi ah ghsurfho tcbt tcasg

ruhhfho tcg scaps cbi b prapgr fhkalg(

[a- tcg Oavgrhlght fhkrgbsgi tcgfr kal,

lfssfah daur,dami( [caps wgrg apghgi fh

bmm tcg pbhkcbybts- ofvgh b lahtc‖s rbtfah

drgg ad kast bhi tcgfr lbhbogrs pravfigi

bh fhtgrgst,drgg mabh ad up ta Us ?>->>>(

B systgl cbs eggh sgt up ta igmfvgr tcg

rbtfah ifrgktmy dral tcg wbrgcausg ta tcg

scaps( Ahkg tcg oaais rgbkc tcg scap- tcg

kbricamigrs tcglsgmvgs kalg ta tbjg

tcgl- bhi ft egkalgs ifddfkumt ta pfmdgr bt

tcfs stbog(

Ycg prakgss cbs eggh kalputgrfsgi ta

stap bhy wrahoiafho ah tcg wby( Ya lahf,

tar Î[ bt tcg pbhkcbybt mgvgm- wbtkciao

kallfttggs ad makbm kalluhfty mgbigrs

cbvg eggh sgt up( _cgh tcg oaais mgbvg tcg

oaiawh- vfmmbog lglegrs brg fhdarlgi

tcrauoc [L[( Ycgy kcgkj tcg oaais bhi

lbjg b pbhkchblb(

Ycrauoc tcgsg wbys- tcg mgbjbog cbs

eggh rgiukgi suestbhtfbmmy dral beaut 9>

pgr kght ta daur pgr kght- bkkarifho ta

Kcfgd Lfhfstgr Ublbh [fhoc( Bkkarifho

ta hah,oavgrhlghtbm gstflbtgs- ifvgrsfah

ad Î[ orbfh fh Kccbttfsobrc cbi eggh rg,

iukgi ta beaut 2> pgr kght ey 5>>6,5>2>( Fh

tcg Kghtrg‖s skcglg- rfkg fs ofvgh bt tcrgg

rupggs pgr jo bhi tcfs skcglg kavgrs ahmy4? pgr kght ad tcg papumbtfah( Kccbttfs,

obrc fs kavgrfho 6> pgr kght ad tcg papumb,

tfah #egsfigs egmaw dblfmfgs- calgmgss

pgrsahs- wfiaws- mgprasy pbtfghts- mbeaur,

grs- slbmm bhi lbrofhbm dbrlgrs bs wgmm bs

castgm rgsfights& bhi ofvfho rfkg bt twa ru,

pggs pgr jo(

Fh Yblfm Hbiu- 4> pgr kght ad tcg –pavgr,

ty obp‖ cbs eggh rglavgi iug ta gddgktfvg

igmfvgry ad suesfifsgi daai tcrauoc Î[-

wcfmg fh Kccbttfsobrc tcg –pavgrty obp‖ rg,

iukgi fs 9> pgr kght kalpbrgi ta ahmy 5>

pgr kght bt tcg hbtfahbm mgvgm( Ugpartgimy-

tcg orgbtgst pavgrty rgiuktfah fh tcg

kauhtry cbs cbppghgi fh [tbtgs wcgrg tcg

Î[ bhi tcg rurbm glpmaylght oubrbhtgg

praorbllg cbvg eggh warjfho wgmm(

Kccbttfsobrc fs bh autstbhifho gxblpmg

ad caw igtgrlfhgi pamftfkbm wfmm- b kal,

pbssfahbtg mgbigrscfp bhi slbrt tcfhjfho

kbh rglavg eattmghgkjs bhi strgblmfhg

tcg systgl( Ycg Kccbttfsobrc laigm ad

daai sgkurfty fs wartc glumbtfho hbtfah,

wfig wftc makbm laifdfkbtfah(

Kccbttfsobrc laigm ad daai sgkurfty fs wartc glumbtfho



? Omblaur _G YCG [YBYGECA BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

âahbl ^bhigysbys ha ta Us 5 krdar /Efoo Eass ?/1

HG_ IGMCF

Ahg lavfg ami âahbl ^bhigy- wca fs

jhawh dar pastfho rbky pfkturgs ah

sakfbm hgtwarjfho sftgs cbs rgpartgi,

my turhgi iawh tcg dblaus rgbmfty scaw

–Efoo Eass ?‖ dar lahgtbry rgbsahs(

Bkkarifho ta b tbemafi- tcg –Hbscb‖ dblg bk,

trgss cbs mgdt ha appartuhfty uhutfmfsgi ta

rbjg fh puemfkfty, eg ft pralfsfho ta strfp

hbjgi dar tcg Fhifbh krfkjgt tgbl ar iafho b

eami lavfg( Eut tcg bktrgss cbs surprfsfhomysbfi ha ta Us 5 krarg dar tcg upkalfho sgb,

sah ad rgbmfty scaw nEfoo Eassn(

%Dar tcfs sgbsah ad nEfoo Eassn âahbl

wbs bpprabkcgi bs wgmm( [cg cbi bsjgi Us ;

krarg- eut tcgy #addfkfbms ad tcg scaw& borggi

dar Us 5,5(7 krarg( Eut scg fs hat iafho tcg

scaw prflbrfmy iug ta lahgtbry rgbsahs-%

saurkgs sbfi(

Ycg fhsfigrs bmsa rgvgbmgi tcbt- tcfs

wbsh‖t tcg dfrst tflg ^bhigy cbi eggh

bpprabkcgi dar tcg rgbmfty scaw: bs

tcg lbjgrs cbi gbrmfgr trfgi ta rapg

fh âahbl dar tcg mbst tcrgg sgb,

sahs dar nEfoo Eassn( Eut tcgy

kaumih‖t kalg ta bh borgglght

rgobrifho tcg lahgy(

âahbl cbs gbrmfgr bppgbrgiah tcg slbmm skrggh fh b rgbmfty

scaw –Jcbtrah Jg Jcfmbif‖(

Ycg lukc bwbftgi –Efoo Eass

[gbsah ?‖- wfmm eg bfrgi [gptglegr

27- 5>2; ahwbris(

Blftbec Ebkckcbh ta

fhtraiukg Bjscby Julbr/s

kcbrbktgr fh Eass

Lgobstbr Blftbec Ebkckcbh wfmm ia b vafkgavgr bhi fhtraiukg bktar Bj,scby Julbr/s kcbrbktgr fh cfs upkalfho dfml Eass( Dral tcg tflg tcg

skrfpt wbs pghhgi dar Eass- tcg lbjgrs egmfgvgi tcbt ha ahg atcgr tcbh

Efo E kaumi ia ùstfkg ta fhtraiukg b straho bhi mbrogr,tcbh,mfdg kcbrbktgr par,

trbygi ey Bjscby fh tcg dfml(

_cgh tcg skrfpt wbs sght ta Ebkckcbh- cg mavgi tcg figb bhi fllgifbtgmy bo rggi

ta eg b pbrt ad tcg lavfg( Ifrgktgi ey Bhtcahy I/sauzb- tcg dfml cfts tcg skrgghs

ah Aktaegr 24(

Ifi BfscwbrybUbf [hbtkcBwby Tfiyb

Ebmbh/s Uamg1

Ft cbs eggh rulaurgi sa dbr tcbt bk,

trgss Bfscwbryb Ubf Ebkckcbh

lfoct lbjg cgr kalgebkj bmaho

wftc cgr cueey Becfscgj Ebkckcbh fhtcg lavfg Lbsaal rglbjg( Eut- hat

jhawh ta lbhy- Becf,Bsc wgrg bktubmmy

hat tcg dfrst kcafkg dar tcg rglbjg ad

tcfs kmbssfk lavfg( Ugpartgimy- bktars Fr,

rdbh Jcbh bhi Tfiyb Ebmbh wgrg fhf,

tfbmmy kahsfigrgi dar tcg rgspgktfvg ramgs

ad Hbssgruifh [cbc bhi [cbebhb Bzlf

fh tcg lavfg( [cgjcbr Jbpur/s 263;

lavfg Lbsaal dgbturgi Hbssgruifh

[cbc bhi [cbebhb Bzlf fh pfvatbm

ramgs( Bs pgr FEYflgs rgparts- tcg rgb,

sah wcy Tfiyb Ebmbh bhi Frrdbh Jcbh

cbi turhgi iawh tcfs addgr wbs egkbusg

tcgy tcauoct tcbt ft waumi eg uhdbfr ta

warj fh b kmbssfk mfjg Lbsaal( Bdtgr tcg

twa bktars aptgi aut ad tcg rglbjg- Be,

cfscgj Ebkckcbh bhi wfdg BfscwbrybUbf cbvg eggh kahsfigrgi dar tcg rg,

spgktfvg ramgs fh tcg rglbjg( Uulaur

cbs ft tcbt Cflgsc Ugscbllfyb cbs

eauoct tcg rglbjg rfocts ad Lbsaal

dral tcg arfofhbm praiukgrs Kcbhib

Iutt bhi Igvf Iutt( Haw- Cflgsc wbhts

Bfscwbryb ta ia tcg ramg ad [cbeblb

Bzlf fh tcg rglbjg(



_G YCG [YBYGKallgrkg3 ECA BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

DFHBHKFBM DUBWI[HF[CJBL A@CB

Glbfm0 hfscjbla`cbNolbfm(kal

Ghrah- _armiKal- [btybl…tcg

dfrst tcfhostcbt kalgs ta lfhiad

bhyahg wcadammawsdfhbhkfbm bhi

bkkauhtfho warmi fs tcg ibrj cfstary ad

dfhbhkfbm stbtglght drbuis bssakfbtgi

wftc tcgsg efohblgs

Dfhbhkfbm [tbtglght Drbuis

_cbt1 Dfhbhkfbm stbtglght drbuis brg

igmfegrbtg lfsrgprgsghtbtfah- lfsstbtg,

lght ar alfssfahad dfhbhkfbm stbtglght

ibtb dar tcg purpasg ad lfsmgbifho tcg

rgbigr bhi krgbtfho b dbmsg flprgssfah

ad bh arobhfzbtfah/s dfhbhkfbm strghotc(

_cy1 Eusfhgssgs kallft dfhbhkfbm

stbtglght drbui prflbrfmy wftc bhi ae,

`gktfvg ad0

sgkurfho fhvgstar fhtgrgst: aetbfh bppravbms dar dfhbhkfho

dral dfhbhkfbm fhstftutfah mfjg ebhjs-

bs ùstfdfkbtfah dar eahusgs ar

fhkrgbsgi sbmbrfgs

ta lggt gxpgktbtfahs ad scbrg,

camigrs(

Wppgr lbhboglght typfkbmmy pmbys

pfvatbm ramg fh dfhbhkfbm stbtglght

drbui- wcfkc fs aevfaus bs dfhbhkfbm

stbtglghts brg krgbtgi bt tcg lbhbog,

lght mgvgm(

Caw1 Dfhbhkfbm stbtglght drbuis dbmm

fhta oghgrbm kbtgoarfgs( Ycgsg fhkmuig

flprapgr fhkalg rgkaohftfah- lbhfpu,

mbtfah ad mfbefmftfgs ar gxpghsgs- flprap,

gr ifskmasurgs ah dfhbhkfbm stbtglghts

bhi avgrstbtfho bssgts(

Flprapgr Fhkalg Ugkaohftfah

Ycfs fs tcg last kallah skcglg usgi

fh dfhbhkfbm stbtglght drbui( [alg stui,

fgs fh tcg pbst cbvg scawh tcbt lbhfpu,

mbtfah fh rgvghug dfourgs kahtrfeutgs ta

kmasg ta 9>' ad Dfhbhkfbm [tbtglght

Drbuis( Ycg kallah skcglgs brg past,

fho sbmgs egdarg tcgy brg lbig ar prfar

ta pbylght( Gxblpmgs fhkmuig rgkari,

fho praiukt ifspbtkc ta awh dbkfmftfgs

#wbrgcausgs ar oaiawhs& bs sbmgs- rg,eaajfho ad sbmgs fh avgriug igetar bk,

kauhts ta flpravg tcg bog ad rgkgfv,

bemgs- prg,efmmfho dar duturg sbmgs bhi iu,

pmfkbtg efmmfhos(

Lbhfpumbtfho Gxpghsgs ar Mfbefmftfgs

Bhatcgr skcglg fhvamvgi fh drbui fh,

vamvfho dfhbhkfbm stbtglghts fs tcg ig,

mfegrbtg lbhfpumbtfah ad gxpghsgs ar mf,

befmftfgs( Bh gxblpmg kaumi eg ta kbpf,

tbmfzg harlbm apgrbtfho gxpghsgs( Ycfs

skcglg fs bh flprapgr lgtcai ta igmby

rgkaohftfah ad tcg gxpghsg bhi brtfdf,

kfbmmy rbfsg pradft dfourgs( Whigr,rgpart,

fho bhi lbhfpumbtfah ad mfbefmftfgs fh,

kmuig dbfmurg ta rgkari bkkauhts

pbybemgs ar rgpart rgoumbr gxpghsgs ah

dfhbhkfbm stbtglghts( Jggpfho kgrtbfh mf,

befmftfgs ar mabhs add,tcg,eaajs bhi wrft,

fho add lahgy mght ta gxgkutfvgs brg bmsa

kallah lgtcais ad sukc drbuis(

Flprapgr Ifskmasurgs

Ifskmasurg drbuis brg kallahmy ebsgi

ah lfsrgprgsghtfho tcg dfhbhkfbm cgbmtc

ad tcg eusfhgss bhi lbjfho dbmsg rgprg,

sghtbtfahs fh prgss rgmgbsgs bhi atcgr

kalpbhy dfmfhos( Lbjfho dbmsg stbtg,

lghts fh tcg lbhboglght sgktfahs ad bhhubm rgparts ad atcgr rgoumbtary dfm,

fhos brg bhatcgr saurkg dar flprapgr

ifskmasurgs( [alg ifskmasurgs lfoct eg

fhtghtfahbmmy kahdusfho ar aeskurg bhi

flpassfemg ta kalpmgtgmy uhigrstbhi(

Avgrstbtfho Bssgts

Avgrstbtglght ad kurrght bssgts ah df,

hbhkfbm stbtglghts bhi dbfmurg ta rgkari

wgbr bhi tgbr fh darl ad igprgkfbtfah

gxpghsgs brg adtgh glpmaygi bs lgtcais

ad drbui( Avgrvbmubtfahs ad fhvgst,

lghts- fhvghtary bhi bkkauhts rgkgfv,

bemgs brg bmsa kallahmy usgi ta fhdmbtg

kalpbhy bssgts ah drbuiumght stbtg,

lghts(

Kahsfigrbtfahs

Dfhbhkfbm stbtglght drbui fs gxpghsfvg

bhi kallah fh prfvbtg kalpbhfgs gspg,

kfbmmy fh ebkjirap ad smaw,iawh fh gkah,

aly bhi gvgr tcfhhfho lbrofhs- wcfkc

cbvg darkgi lbhy eusfhgssgs ta rgsart ta

dfhbhkfbm stbtglght drbui( Iug ta fts hb,

turg- dfhbhkfbm stbtglght drbui fs kal,

lfttgi ey ahg ar larg pgrsahs fh tap

lbhboglght(Drgqughtmy- kammusfah eg,

twggh b hulegr ad pgrsahs fs dauhi eg,

cfhi sukc skcglgs( Ycfs typg ad drbuikbh eg igvbstbtfho ta bh arobhfzbtfah

bhi tcg larbmg ad tcg glpmayggs wca

cbvg kallfttgi lukc ad tcgfr mfvgs ta

bh arobhfzbtfah(

#Ycg wrftgr ad tcg kamulh fs Lulebf ebsgi

Kcbrtgrgi Bkkauhtbht bhi Kgrtfdfgi Drbui

Gxblfhgr warjfho dar b rgputgi buift bhi fh,

vgstfobtfah dfrl ad Fhifb (&

Gxpgrts emblg Kghtrg dar dbmm ad rupgg ECA BM0 B sgktfah ad lbrjgt bhbmysts cbs bmmgogi tcbt tcg Whfah

oavgrhlght wbs pralatfho ”sbttb“ bs UEF stbrts gxkcbhog ad iam,

mbrs fh tcg gvghfho- bdtgr tcg lbrjgt kmasgs( Lfhfstgrs- pamftfkfbhsbhi efo scats purkcbsg tcg iammbr bhi tcg hgxt iby tcgy sgmm ft- lbj,

fho b dbst eukj fh tcg prakgss(

_cfmg bhatcgr sgktfah ad lbrjgt bhbmysts bmsa emblg pgapmg- wca

brg biifktgi ta flpartgi ftgls mfjg kbrs bhi gmgktrahfk obiogts(

Ycgrgdarg- ft fs tcg mfdgstymg ad Fhifbhs wcfkc cbs igvbmugi Fhifbh

kurrghky bhi hatcfho gmsg(

Lbrjgt bhbmysts rgbktgi scbrpmy avgr tcg drgg dbmm ad rupgg bobfhst

W[ iammbr bdtgr Hbtfahbm Daai sgkurfty Efmm ‛ 5>2; oat tcg hai ad tcg

Maj [becb bs hat ahmy rupgg cbs dbmmgh eut bmsa tcg lbrjgt fs scaw,

fho eummfsc trghi( Gkahalfst Ir [cbrbi @bfh sbfi- ”UEF stbrts sgmm,

fho iammbr fh tcg gvghfho wcgh lbrjgt

kalgs ta b kmasg( Ft scaws tcbt lfhfstgrs-

pamftfkfbhs bhi efo scats purkcbsg tcg

iammbr bhi tcg hgxt iby tcgy sgmm ft( Ycgy

gbrh dbst eukj wftc tcfs jfhi ad prbk,

tfkgs( Ft fs tcg Whfah oavgrhlght wcfkcfs pralatfho ”sbttb“ bobfhst iammbr vbm,

ugs( Dfhbhkfbm fhstftutfahs wfmm haw fh,

krgbsg fhtgrgst rbtg ah mabhs( Gqubtgi

Lahtcmy Fhstbmmlght #GLF& ad calg mabh wfmm fhkrgbsg bhi ft wfmm

fhkrgbsg dfhbhkfbm eurigh ah tcg puemfk umtflbtgmy(“

Ir @bfh durtcgr sbfi tcbt Lbicyb ^rbigsc oavgrhlght wcfkc cbs

tbjgh mabh dral BIE wfmm cbvg ta pby larg wftc fhkrgbsg ad fhtgr,

gst rbtg( Cg sbfi ifgsgm prfkgs wfmm fhkrgbsg bhi ahkg ft fhkrgbsgs-

trbhspartbtfah wfmm fhkrgbsg bhi umtflbtgmy prfkgs ad gssghtfbm kal,

laiftfgs wfmm fhkrgbsg fh tcg stbtg(

Biftyb Lbhyb @bfh- lbrjgt bhbmyst- sbfi- ”Oavgrhlght fs tatbmmy

dakusgi ah vatg ebhj pamftfks hgomgktfho tcg kauhtry fhtgrgst( Yul,

emfho rupgg bobfhst W[ iammbr fs iug ta wraho pamfky ad tcg oavgrh,

lght( Ycg kauhtry fs cgbifho tawbri gkahaly smaw iawh( Ft wfmm

jfmm fhiustrfgs bhi glpmaylght( Ft wfmm cbvg bivgrsg flpbkt ah

slbmm bhi lgiful fhiustrfgs(“

@bfh biigi- ”Oavgrhlght scaumi fllgifbtgmy ebh rupgg, iammbrgxkcbhog( Ft fs kauhtry‖s praemgl bhi hat tcg praemgl ad tcg oav,

grhlght bmahg sa pgapmg scaumi bmsa kalg aut ta suppart tcg kauh,

try( Ycgy scaumi swftkc ah kbr, paam prbktfkg ta rgiukg tcg flpart

ad pgtram bhi ifgsgm“(

Lglegr ad ^CI Kcblegr ad Kallgrkg Ub`ghirb Jatcbrf sbfi-

”Flpart cbs fhkrgbsgi bs pgapmg prgdgr ta euy flpartgi ftgls( Hbt,

urbmmy- ft wfmm igvbmug Fhifbh kurrghky( Ycgrgdarg- ft fs mfdgstymg ad Fh,

ifbhs wcfkc cbs igvbmugi Fhifbh kur rghky(“

W^B rufhs hbtfah‖s dfhbhkfbm cgbmtc

eut Kcfiblebrbl scfdts tcg emblg

Dfhbhkg Lfhfstgr ^ Kcfiblebrbl fs hgvgr mast

dar waris( Fh scbrp kahtrbst ta ^rflg Lfhfstgr

Lbhlacbh [fhoc- wca fs sa tahoug,tfgi tcbt ah

tcg rbrg akkbsfah cg apghs cfs lautc ft egkalgscgbimfhg hgws- Kcfiblebrbl fs kmgvgr ghauoc

ta bttrbkt bttghtfah gvgry tflg cg sbys salg,

tcfho( Egfho b mbwygr ey trbfhfho- cg fs hgvgr

scart ad broulghts ta igdghi tcg kbsg fh cbhi(

Haw tcbt tcg W^B oavgrhlght cbs rufhgi tcg

hbtfah‖s dfhbhkfbm cgbmtc- Kcfiblebrbl cbs

scawh tcg buibkfty ta scfdt tcg emblg- bt mgbst

pbrtfbmmy- ta tcg lbh wca kurrghtmy tghbhts tcg

Ubsctrbpbtf Ecbwbh( Ugobrimgss ad tcg lgrft fh

tcg kcbrog- tcg praprfgty ad b sghfar lfhfstgr ad

tcg W^B emblfho ^rbhbe Lujcgr`gg dar tcg gka,

halfk lfslbhboglght rglbfhs fh qugstfah(

Dar- hat ahmy wbs Lujcgr`gg tcg sghfar,last

lfhfstgr fh tcg W^B kbefhgt tfmm cg egkblg tcg

^rgsfight- cg egmahogi ta tcg Kahorgss ^brty- ad

wcfkc Kcfiblebrbl fs b sghfar lglegr( Eg,

sfigs- fd Lujcgr`gg wbs puscfho tcrauoc ifsbs,

traus gkahalfk pamfkfgs- tcg ahus ta stap cfl mby

wftc tcg kbefhgt- gspgkfbmmy wftc tcg gkahalfst

prflg lfhfstgr bhi jhaw,bmm Kcfibrlebrbl(

Emblfho cfl haw tcbt cg fs ebrrgi ey kahvgh,

tfah bhi kahstftutfahbm praprfgty ta igdghi cfl,sgmd dar tcg kurrght wags ad tcg gkahaly- tcgrg,

darg- fs b eft uhdbfr( Ad kaursg- tcfs fs hat ta suo,

ogst tcbt Kcfiblerbl‖s krftfkfsl mbkjgi lgrft(

Eut hgftcgr [fhoc har Kcfiblebrbl kbh ifs,

tbhkg tcglsgmvgs dral tcg igkfsfahs tbjgh ey

Lujcgr`gg bs dfhbhkg lfhfstgr- sfhkg eatc wgrg

bh fhtgorbm pbrt ad tcg oavgrhlght wcgh tcgsg

wgrg tbjgh( Kcfiblebrbl‖s stbtglght fh tcg

Maj [becb camifho Lujcgr`gg rgspahsfemg dar

tcg gkahalfk lgss auoct ta cbvg irbwh b scbrp,

gr rgspahsg dral tcg appasftfah( Ugpmyfho ta b

scart iurbtfah igebtg ah tcg gkahaly- Kcf,

iblebrbl sbfi tcbt kgrtbfh igkfsfahs tbjgh eg,

twggh 5>>6,22 ”cbi bmmawgi tcg dfskbm igdfkft ta

eg ergbkcgi bhi kurrght bkkauht igdfkft ta swgmm

egkbusg ad kgrtbfh igkfsfahs tcbt wg taaj iur,

fho tcbt pgrfai(“ Lujcgr`gg wbs tcg dfhbhkglfhfstgr iurfho tcasg ygbrs( Haw tcbt tcg gkah,

aly fs cgbigi dar b iggp pmuhog- frahfkbmmy- tcg

rumfho pbrty cbs tbjgh ta emblfho omaebm dbktars

dar b lgss wcfkc fs gssghtfbmmy ad fts awh krg,

btfah( Ycg lbrjgts tbhjgi bhi tcg rupgg sbhj

durtcgr b iby bdtgr tcg Maj [becb pbssgi tcg

oratgsqug Daai [gkurfty Efmm( Ycfs krfsfs fs gs,

sghtfbmmy W^B,lbig(



_G YCG [YBYGLust Ugbi6 ECA^BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

EF^FH [B[F

Lbcbrfscf Lbcgsc yaof/s ifskfpmg

bhi [pfrftubm ouru [rf [rf Ubvf

[cbhjbr taaj ta Ywfttgr ah oai,

lbh Bsbrbl Ebpu tcbt %pgapmg wfmm dar,

ofvg cfl% fd cg %puemfkmy% bilfttgi cfs

lfstbjg( Ycgrg fs b [crf [crf fh gvgry ahg

ad us wca egmfgvg tcbt b Oailbh bhi spfr,

ftubm mgbigrskbh lbjg lfstbjgs([crf [crf

uhigrstbhis tcbt egfho culbhs wg bmm

cbvg dmbws bhi wgbjhgss kahkgifho us taia lfstbjgs(

Bsulbm [frulbmbhf- b papumbr Fhifbh

spfrftubm mgbigr wca fs jhawh ta cfs dam,

mawgrs bs Bsbrbl Ebpu- cbs dauoct b maho

ebttmg bobfhst sgx( B sbfht wcasg krawigi

sbtsbhos #spfrftubm bssglemfgs& brg tgmg,

kbst mfvg ah Fhifb‖s pramfdgrbtfho rgmfofaus

kcbhhgms( Bpbrt dral cfs dammawgrs - tcgrg

brg tcasg wca egmfgvg tcbt cg fs b dbjg

sbfht bhib efombhi scbrj([gvgrbmkcbrogs

cbs eggh kcbrogi ah tcfs sgmd stymgi oai,

lbh fhvamvfho tbx gvbsfah bhi mbhi gh,

krabkclght(Ywa kcfmirghwgrgbmsa dauhi

igbi fh tcg rgsfightfbm fhstftutfah ruh ey

Bsbrbl( Bsbrbl bhi cfssah wgrg bmsabm,

mgogi ad embkj lbofk bhi tbhtrfk prbk,

tfkgs( Yfmm haw cg wbs sukkgssdum fh kal,

fho aut ad gvgry bmmgobtfahs eut tcfs tflg

b 24,ygbr,ami ofrm bmmgogi tcbt Bsbrbl

Ebpu cbi sgxubmmy bssbumtgi cgr fh cfs

@aicpur bscrbl(

Lr( Bsbrbl wbs eaajgi uhigr [gktfahs

;?4 #rbpg&- 7>6 #wari- ogsturg ar bkt fh,

tghigi ta fhsumt tcg laigsty ad b walbh&

bhi ;79 #bssbumt ar krflfhbm darkg ta

walbh wftc fhtght ta autrbog cgr lai,

gsty& ad tcg Fhifbh ^ghbm Kaig bhi ^ratgk,

tfahad Kcfmirghdral[gxubmAddghsgs Bkt(

_cfmg ft‖s hgftcgr tcg dfrst tflg b rgmf,

ofaus mgbigr fs suspgktgi ad sgxubm gx,

pmaftbtfah- har tcg ahmy akkbsfah wcgh

kahkgssfahs brg lbig dar cfl ar cgr- tcg

ifddgrghkg fh tcg pamftfkbm bhi puemfk rg,

spahsg ta tcg kbsgs ad Lulebf - Igmcf

Obhorbpg bhi Bscbrbl‖s kbsg rgvgbms uh,

kaldartbemg trutcs beaut aur systgl( Ycg

igmby fh brrgst ofvgs tcg kumprft b kcbhkg

dar b kahkrgtg igdghkg(

Ycfs lfoct sauhi fhsghsftfvg- eut tcfs

cbs ta eg tami( ^gapmg wbhtgi cbrscgst

puhfsclght dar tcg rbpfsts fh tcg rbpg ad

tcg pbrblgifkbm stuight fh Hgw Igmcf ah

Igkglegr 24 mbst bhi tcbt ad tcg pcata,

àurhbmfst fh Lulebf b wggj boa wgrg

pmbfh uhmukjy( Ycgywaumieg rablfho drgg

fd tcgy wgrg hat wcbt tcgy wgrg0 dral tcg

uhigrkmbss bhiwftcautefo kahhgktfahs( Ft

fs tcg vfktfls wca waumi eg ruhhfho

brauhi dar ùstfkg- egoofho ta eg cgbri ey

bhyahg wca kbrgi( Ycgy wgrg uhmukjy eg,

kbusg tcgy wgrg hat Bsbrbl Ebpu( _cgh

Hfrecbyb wbs rbpgi Bsbrbl sbfi ft tbjgs

twa cbhis ta kmbp( Haw tcbt cg/s eggh bk,

kusgi- cg tcfhjs tcg hafsg cbs kalg aut ad

tcfh bfr""

Bsbrblrgdusgi ta eg fhtgrraobtgi ey tcg

pamfkg( Cg rgdusgi ta bkjhawmgiog tcgfr

sullahs( Cg kbh dfx tcg tflg wcgh tcgy

scaumi lggt cfl ar igkfig wcgtcgr tcgy

scaumi lggt cfl bt bmm( Lgbhwcfmg- cg

waumi cbvg pgapmg dral tcg pamftfkbm kmbss

spgbjfho fh cfs igdghkg( Cfs suppartgrs

waumitbrhfsctcg flbog ad tcgvfktflbhi

tcrgbtgh cgr ta wftcirbw tcg kalpmbfht

bobfhst cfl( [urgmy- tcgrg brg bivbhtbogs

fh egfho b oailbh- b rfkc bhi wgmm,kah,

hgktgi ahg( Bhi wg- bs b sakfgty- iah‖t

lfhi tcg ifddgrghtfbm trgbtlght ta pgapmg

mfjg cfl(

Ycg kauhtry‖s Cfhiu,hbtfahbmfst gstbe,

mfsclght ‛ pgbkgbemg arobhfzbtfahs mfjg

tcg Tfscwb Cfhiu ^brfscbi- tcg Eb`rbho

Ibm- tcg Cfhiu Jrbhtf Ibm- tcg Cfhiu

@borftf Lbhkc- bhi tcg Cfhiu Icbrlb

Ubjscb [blftf ‛ cbs put fts dfrl wgfoct

egcfhi fts samifgr- tgrlfho tcg fhkfight b

latfvbtgi bttbkj bobfhst Fhifb‖s sbfhts

bhi rgmfofaus mgbigrs( Cfhiu Hbtfahbmfsts

lby emblg tcbt tcfs fs Kahspfrbky ey

Kcrfstfbh Lfssfahbrfgs bhi cgr sfstgr fh

rumfhopbrtyad Fhifbta IgdblgFhifb Cfh,

iu Oailbh( Lr( Bsbrbl kaumi tur h aut ta

eg fhhakght- bhi tcfs wcamg kahtravgrsy

lby wgmm eg b kahspfrbky ad tcg Kahorgss

ar ad Kakb,Kamb- eut ahg tcfho fs kmgbr0

rbpg fs hat ygt b rgbm fssug fh Fhifb(

Mgbigrsad tcgE(@( ( sggtcfs bs b pamftfkbmkahspfrbky- cbtkcgi ey tcg rfvbm Kahorgss(

Ublbh [fhoc- bh ami dammawgr ad Lr(

Bsbrbl- sbfi tcg ouru cbi maho eggh ah

tcg rbibr ad ”b pbrtfkumbr pbrty(“ [bddrah,

kmbiWlb Ecbrtf kblgdarwbri fh suppart

ad Bsbrbl egkbusg fh tcg Jbhkcf Jb,

lbjatf ^ggtc [cbhjrbkcbryb @byghirb

[brbswbtcf kbsg- hatcfho wbs pravgi bhi

umtflbtgmy tcg kalpmbfhbht wftcirgw tcg

kcbrog bobfhst cfl( Wlb Ecbrtf dggms tcbt

tcgrg lfoct eg salg pamftfkbm latfvg eg,

cfhi tcg fssug egkbusg Bsbrbl usgi ta

krftfkfsgKahorgss ^rgsfight [ahfb Obhicf

bhi vfkg prgsfight Ubcum Obhicf fh b eami

lbhhgr(

Fhifb fs b kauhtry wcgrg tcgsg oailbh

mfvg ah tcg sghtflghts ad pgapmg( Kbmm b

rbpfst fh b lavfg /Ubl/ bhi tcgbtrgs wfmm

eurh( Cbvg bh bktubm rbpg,bkkusgi kbmmgi

BsbUbl bhi cg ogts pratgktfah bhi sup,

part dral cfs dammawgrs( Bdtgr tcg brrgst

Bscbrbl dbfmgi ta ia bhy lfrbkmg bs eg,

mfgvgi ey lbhy ad cfs dammawgrs( Kahorgss

bhiE@êatcbrglul ahcfs brrgst bcgbi

ad Ub`bstcbh âmms (

Ycrgg akkbsfahs wcgh Bsbrblcbs eggh kbuoct myfho

Yfmm haw tcgrg cbs eggh twa akkbsfahs

wcgh Bsbrbl cbs eggh kbuoct myfho(

Dfrst- wcgh cg sjfppgi tcg Buoust ;>tc

igbimfhg ta kalg ta tcg pamfkg stbtfah-sbyfho

tcbt cg ifi hat cbvg tcg tflg bhi tcbt cg eg

ofvgh tflg tfmm [gptglegr 22 sfhkg cg cbi

mgkturgs bhi duhktfahs ta bttghi(Whigtgrrgi-

tcg pamfkg sbfi tcbt cfs brrgst wbs fllfhght fd

cg igmbygi cfs vfsft( Ah Buoust ;>- @aicpur

pamfkg ogts b dbx- dammawgi ey b lgifb

kahdgrghkg ey cfs sah [bf tcbt cg wbs hat

iafho wgmm( Cawgvgr-cg wbs spattgi bt tcg

Fhiarg bfrpart wcgrg cg wbs suppasgi ta tbjg

b dmfoct ta Hgw Igmcf- eut wbs uhbemg ta ia sa

egkbusg ad b kmbsc egtwggh cfs dammawgrs bhi

rgpartgrs(Ycgrg wbs ha hgws ad cfl dar tcg

hgxt twa ibys-tcauoc tcg pamfkg suspgktgi

tcbt lust eg camgi up fh cfs Fhiarg bscrbl(

Dfhbmmy-ah [gpt 2 wcgh cg wbs brrgstgi dral

tcgrg- cg lbjgs up b stary sbyfho tcbt cg fs

flpatght bhi fs hat kbpbemg ad sukc krflg(

Lukc ta cfs ifslby-cg kmgbrgi tcg flpatghky

tgst taa(Ya bii afm ta tcg dfrg- iaktars

gxblfhfho cfl kahdfrlgi tcbt cg cbs b sauhicgbmtc(Ycfri Lr Bsbrbl bilfttgi tcbt cg wbs

wftc tcg ofrm fh fsambtfah beaut bh caur Dbkg

tcg dbkt- Bsbrbl `f-tcgrg fs hatcfho yau kaumi

ia haw ta sbvg yaursgmd dral kahvfktfah(Ycg

/Hgtbs/ taa brg scruoofho tcg ghtfrg tcfho add

tcgfr scaumigrs(

Bscbrbl0 Ycg lbh wcataaj tcg eusfhgss ad Ugmfofah

BOAILBH_CA

ÛGBKCG[KUFLG -_FMMCG

EG ^WHF[CGIBCGBIAD

UB@B[YCBHÂMM[ 1



_armi2> ECA BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2; _G YCG [YBYG

Ey puttfho ah cami dar bt mgbst 2>

ibys wcbt maajgi mfjg bh fllf,

hght W[ lfmftbry strfjg bobfhst

[yrfb- bh fhkrgbsfhomy fsambtgi ^rgsf,

ight EbrbkjAeblbcbs lbhbogi ta fh,vamvg W[ Kahorgss wftc tcg igkfsfah,

lbjfho ah b kmgbrmy uhpapumbr pusc ta

mbuhkc b hgw lfmftbry addghsfvg(

W([( ^rgsfight Ebrbkj Aeblb‖s igkf,

sfah ta sggj kahorgssfahbmbppravbmdar

passfemg lfmftbry bktfah bobfhst [yrfb

kbh eg sggh bs pbrt ad bh gddart ta darog

b omaebm kahsghsus ah rgspahifho ta

tcg usg ad kcglfkbm brls bhywcgrg-

tcg Whftgi Hbtfahs sbfi ah [uhiby(

Ycg warmi eaiy wbs rgspahifho ta

Aeblb‖s bhhauhkglght ah [bturiby

tcbt cg wfmm bsj dar kahorgssfahbm kah,

sght egdarg tbjfho lfmftbry bktfah

bobfhst[yrfbdar b pafsahobs bttbkjah

[yrfbh kfvfmfbhs tcbt cg emblgs ah

^rgsfightEbscbr bm,Bssbi‖s darkgs(Ycg

prakgss ad sggjfho b kahorgssfahbm vatg

wbs mfjgmy ta igmby bhy strfjg dar bt

mgbst hfhg ibys(

Aeblb‖s surprfsg turhbrauhi fh

sggjfho Kahorgssfahbm butcarfsbtfah

dar usg ad darkg bobfhst [yrfb cbs

gvajgi lfxgi rgbktfah dral mbwlbj,

grs- wftc lbhy wgmkalfho ft eut salg

bkkusfho cfl ad beifkbtfho cfsawh rg,spahsfefmfty(

Fh cfs stbtglght ah [bturiby- Aeblb

sbfi cg cbs igkfigi tcbt tcg Whftgi

[tbtgs ”scaumi“ tbjg lfmftbry bktfah

bobfhst [yrfbh rgoflg tbrogts- biifho

tcbt bs ^rgsfight ad tcg warmi‖s amigst

kahstftutfahbm iglakrbky- cg waumi

sggj Kahorgssfahbm butcarfsbtfah dar

tcg lfssfah(

B vfoaraus igebtg fs ah fh _bscfho,

tah bs ta wcbt cg waumi ia fd tcg Kah,

orgss- hatbemy tcg Ugpuemfkbh,kah,

trammgi Causg ad Ugprgsghtbtfvgs- rg,

`gkts cfs butcarfsbtfah(

[gkrgtbry ad [tbtg @ach Jgrry- cawgv,

gr- bssgrtgi fh YT fhtgrvfgws ah [uh,

iby tcbt tcg ^rgsfight cbs tcg rfoct ta

prgss bcgbi wftc b strfjg gvgh fd tcg

Kahorgss wgrg ta vatg bobfhst usg ad

darkg( ”Cg cbs tcg rfoct ta ia tcbt ha

lbttgr wcbt tcg Kahorgss iags-“ Jgrry

sbfi(

Aeblb cflsgmd taukcgi ah tcfs bs,

pgkt fh cfs stbtglght- hatfho0 ”_cfmg F

egmfgvg F cbvg tcg butcarfty ta kbrry

aut tcfs lfmftbry bktfah wftcaut spgkfd,

fk kahorgssfahbm butcarfsbtfah- F jhaw

tcbt tcg kauhtry wfmm eg strahogr fd wgtbjg tcfs kaursg- bhiaur bktfahs wfmm eg

gvgh larg gddgktfvg(“

Bhbmysts egmfgvg Aeblb fs tryfho ta

ergbj aut ad bh fsambtfah rgsumtfho

dral straho bhtf,wbr sghtflghts bt

calg- dbfmurg ta wfh suppart dral WH

[gkurfty Kauhkfm bhi tcg Erftfsc ^br,

mfblght‖s rg`gktfah ad b lfmftbry strfjg(

”[cfdtfho tcg eurigh ta Kahorgss pa,

tghtfbmmy ofvgs tcg ^rgsfight b wby aut

ad tcg pamftfkbm efhi cg krgbtgi mbst

ygbr wcgh cg sbfi [yrfbh ^rgsfight

Ebscbr bm,Bssbi‖s usg ad kcglfkbm

wgbpahs waumi eg b –rgi mfhg‖ dar tcg

W[-“ hatgi Ycg _bscfhotah âst(

Ycg Kahorgss rglbfhs scbrpmy ifvfi,

gi ah tcg fssug- hat hgkgssbrfmy ah pbr,

ty mfhgs( Gvgh sa- ft fs egmfgvgi tcbt

wcfmg tcg [ghbtg wfmm oa bmaho wftc tcg

prgsfight- b vatgfh tcg Ugpuemfkbh,kah,

trammgi Causg kbhhat eg tbjgh dar

orbhtgi(

Ugpuemfkbh Causg [pgbjgr @ach

Eagchgr wgmkalgi tcg ^rgsfight‖s

lavg fh sggjfho butcarfsbtfah ”fh rg,

spahsg ta sgrfaus- suestbhtfvg qugs,

tfahs egfho rbfsgi“(

_ftc Kahorgss sgt ta rgkahvghg ahmyah [gptglegr 6 bdtgr b lahtc,maho rg,

kgss- Eagchgr dgmt tcg^rgsfight cbstcg

tflg ta lbjg cfs kbsg ta Kahorgss bhi

tcg Blgrfkbh pgapmg(

[ghfar Ugpuemfkbh [ghbtars @ach Lk,

Kbfh bhi Mfhisgy Orbcbl- maho,tflg

vatbrfgs ad straho bktfah bobfhst tcg

Bssbi rgoflg- vafkgi ifsbppafhtlght

tcbt Aeblb fs kahtglpmbtfho ahmy b

mflftgi- hbrrawlfmftbry bktfah wcgrg,

bs Bssbi auoct ta eg rglavgi dral

pawgr fh arigr ta erfho bh ghi ta tcg

pratrbktgi kfvfm wbr fh tcbt kauhtry(

Fh cfs stbtglght- Aeblb tgrlgi tcg

bmmgogi [yrfbh kcglfkbm bttbkj ah Bu,

oust 52 tcbt jfmmgi larg tcbh 2->>> pga,

pmg ”bhbssbumt ah culbh ifohfty“ tcbt

bmsa pasgi ”b sgrfaus ibhogr ta aur hb,

tfahbm sgkurfty“ gvgh bs ft rfsjgi lbj,

fhob lakjgry ad tcgomaebm pracfeftfah

ah tcg usg ad kcglfkbm wgbpahs(

Aeblb‖s efi ta

Kaho ah [yrfb pbrt

ad pusc dar omaebmebkjfho ‛ W(H

Hgw Dujuscflb rbifbtfah

rbfsgs drgsc kahkgrhsYajya0Yajya Gmgktrfk âwgr Ka(- tcg apgrb,

tar ad tcg wrgkjgi Dujuscflb hukmgbr

pmbht- sbfi ah Lahiby tcbt b pbtram ad warj,

grs cbi dauhi b hgw brgb ad cfoc rbifbtfah

hgbr tbhjs usgi ta starg kahtblfhbtgi wb,tgr(

Ycg mbtgst rgvgmbtfah fh b stbtglght ey

Yajya Gmgktrfk mbtg ah Lahiby kalgs b iby

egdarg @bpbh‖s oavgrhlght fs sgt ta bh,

hauhkg hgw stgps ta biirgss iggp,sgbtgi

praemgls fh kahtrammfho tcg sprgbi ad rbif,

btgi wbtgr bt Dujuscflb bhi krftfkfsl tcbt

tcg utfmfty cbs euhomgi tcg rgspahsg ta tcg

warst hukmgbr bkkfight sfhkg Kcgrhaeym(

Yajya Gmgktrfk sbfi ft cbidauhi b rbifbtfah

rgbifho beavg 2>> lfmmfsfgvgrts pgr caur ah

tcg orauhi hgbr b wbtgr starbog tbhj( Ycg

mbtgst cat spat fs fh b ifddgrght brgb tcbh b

starbog tbhj tcbt wbs dauhi ta cbvg mgbjgi

;>> tahhgs ad rbifabktfvg wbtgr fh Buoust(

Yajya Gmgktrfk sbfi fh b stbtglght tcbt

tcgrgwbs hasfohad b wbtgrmgbj brauhitcghgwmy ifskavgrgi brgb ad cfoc rbifbtfah(

Ycg utfmfty kaumi hat ofvg b prgkfsg rgbifho

dartcg mgvgm ad rbifbtfahsfhkg warjgrswgrg

usfho fhstrulghts tcbt ahmy rgkarigi rbifb,

tfah up ta 2>> lfmmfsfgvgrts(

@bpbhgsg hukmgbr warjgrs brg mflftgi ta b

kulumbtfvg gxpasurg ad 2>> lfmmfsfgvgrts

avgr dfvg ygbrs(

Erftbfh‖s Kblgrah0 F iah‖t hggi tabpamaofsg ta Aeblb avgr [yrfb igdgbt^

rflg Lfhfstgr Ibvfi Kblgrah sbfi ah Drfiby cg rg,orgttgi tcg dbfmurg ad tcg Erftfsc pbrmfblght ta sup,

part lfmftbry bktfah fh [yrfb eut tcbt cg capgi ^rgsf,

ight Ebrbkj Aeblb waumi uhigrstbhi tcg hggi ta mfstgh ta

tcg wfscgs ad tcg pgapmg( ”F tcfhj tcg Blgrfkbh puemfk- tcg

Blgrfkbh pgapmg bhi ^rgsfight Aeblb wfmm uhigrstbhi-“

Kblgrah sbfi ùst caurs bdtgr pbrmfblght vatgi bobfhst b

oavgrhlght latfah ta butcarfsg tcgprfhkfpmg ad lfmftbry bk,

tfah fh [yrfb(”F cbvgh‖t spajghta cfl#Aeblb& sfhkg tcgig,

ebtgbhi tcg vatg eut F waumi gxpgktta spgbj tacfl avgrtcg

hgxt iby ar sa( F iah‖t tcfhj ft‖s b qugstfah ad cbvfho ta bpam,

aofsg-“ Kblgrah sbfi fh bh fhtgrvfgw bfrgi ah Erftfsc tgmg,

vfsfah kcbhhgms(



_G YCG [YBYG[parts22 ECA BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

Kbh EKKF cgmp [bkcfh Yghiumjbr pmby 5>>tc Ygst bt calg1[

bkcfh Yghiumjbr fs bmm sgt ta pmby cfs 5>>tc

Ygst lbtkc ah calg safm wftc tcg EKKF try,

fho ta squggzg fh b sgrfgs bobfhst tcg _gst

Fhifgsbcgbi ad tcg ygbr,ghi taur ad [autc Bdrfkb(

Ycg igkfsfah ta fhvftg _gst Fhifgs dar twa Ygsts

bhi dfvg ahg,ibygrs wbs tbjgh bt tcg warjfho kal,

lfttgg lggt fho cgrg ah [uhiby( Haw ft fs egfho rg,

partgi tcbt Fhifb/s taur ta [autc Bdrfkb cbs eggh

put ah cami( Fhifb wgrg smbtgi ta pmby 5 Y5>s- ?

AIFs bhi ; Ygsts stbrtfho Havglegr 52(

/Ycg _arjfho Kallfttgg cbs bppravgi b prapasgi

calg sgrfgs bobfhst tcg _gst Fhifgs fh Havglegr

5>2;-/ tcg EKKF twggtgi(

Ycg sgrfgs bobfhst _gst Fhifgs wfmm pravfig Ygh,

iumjbr b kcbhkg ta kalpmgtg tcg cfstarfk

lfmgstahg ad pmbyfho 5>> Ygsts fh draht ad calg

dbhs(

Lulebf bhi Jamjbtb brg tcg mfjgmy vghugs dar tcg

lbtkcgs bhi tcg dfhbm igkfsfah wfmm eg tbjgh ey tcg

EKKF/s taurs bhi dfxturgs kallfttgg(

Ycfs cbs bmsa rbfsgi spgkumbtfah tcbt Yghiumjbr

lby kbmm ft qufts dral tcg oblg bdtgr tcfs sgrfgs(

Ycg kcblpfah ebtslbh cbs sa dbr pmbygi 263

Ygsts- skarfho 27-3;? ruhs bt bh bvgrbog ad 7;(34(

Ycg tap ruh,ogttgr ey quftg b lfmg- Yghiumjbr cbs

skargi 72 cuhirgis fh tcg dfvg,iby darlbt(

Yghiumjbr- wca cbs rgtfrgi dral AIFs bhi Ywgh,

ty5>s- pmbygi 94; 7>,avgr oblgs skarfho 23(954 ruhs

bt bh bvgrbog ad 99(3;( Cg strukj 96 cuhirgis fh

tcg prakgss(

Ycg EKKF addfkfbm sbfi tcg warjfho kallfttgg ifi

hat cbvg bhy ifskussfah ah tcg [autc Bdrfkb

sgrfgs- wcfkc Fhifb hggi ta dfhbmfsg bdtgr rg`gktfho

tcg ftfhgrbry prapasgi ey Krfkjgt [autc Bdrfkb(

Ycg addfkfbm sbfi tcg EKKF Bhhubm Oghgrbm Lggt,

fho ta eg cgmi fh Kcghhbf ah [gptglegr 56 wfmm eg

kcbfrgi ey H [rfhfvbsbh- wca stgppgi bsfig bs

Eabri rgsfight fh tcg wbjg ad tcg F^M spat,dfxfho

skbhibm(

Fhtgrfl kcfgd @bolacbh Ibmlfyb wfmm maaj bdtgr

tcg iby,ta,iby duhktfahfho ad tcg Eabri tfmm tcg

BOL(

Cg bmsa sbfi tcbt tcg EKKF ifskfpmfhbry kallfttgg

wfmm lggt fh Igmcf ah [gptglegr 2; ta ifskuss tcg

tcg Eabri/s bhtf,karruptfah uhft kcfgd Ubvf

[bwbhf/s rgpart ah tcg spat,dfxfho skbhibm(

Hgw Pgbmbhi trfllgi

Hgw Pgbmbhi Krfkjgt cbvg kahdfrlgi hgxt ygbr/s

taur ad Fhifb cbs eggh scartghgi ey twa dfx,

turgs(

Ycg Eabri ad Kahtram dar Krfkjgt fh Fhifb cbvg rgpart,

gimy bsjgi dar tcg truhkbtfah fh arigr ta kalpgtg fh tcg

Bsfb Kup(

Ycg skcgiumg arfofhbmmy fhkmuigi tcrgg Ygsts- dfvg AIFs

bhi b ahg,add Ywghty5> Fhtgrhbtfahbm- eut ahg Ygst bhi

tcg Y5>F cbvg eggh igiuktgi(

%Ft/s erfmmfbht tcbt tcg Embkj Kbps wfmm eg pmbyfho dfvg

AIFs bobfhst tcg warmi/s tap ahg,iby sfig ofvgh tcg

praxflfty ad _armi Kup fh 5>27-% sbfi kcfgd gxgkutfvg

Ibvfi _cftg- wca ifi hat rgvgbm wcgtcgr HPK waumi rg,

kgfvg kalpghsbtfah dral tcg EKKF dar mass fh rgvghug(

Ycg Fhifbhs/ dfrst taur ad Hgw Pgbmbhi sfhkg 5>>6 wfmm

stbrt ah 26 @bhubry bhi ghi ah 53 Dgerubry(

Ahmy b lbssfvg upcgbvbm fh tcg Akgbhfb Kup kcblpfahscfp

kbh ighy Fhifb b tfkjgt fh tcg 5>29 DFC _armi Kup fh YcgCboug- Hgtcgrmbhis( Bdtgr dfhfscfho Ha( 5 ta Jargb fh tcg

Bsfb Kup dfhbm bt Fpac ah [uhiby- Fhifb curt tcgfr kcbhkgs ad b

ifrgkt qubmfdfkbtfah( Haw tcg darlgr _armi Kup kcblpfahs cbvg ta

qubmfdy bs b /rgsgrvg/(

Lbmbysfbh lgh cbvg egkalg tcg mbtgst tgbl ta qubmfdy dar tcg _armi

Kup( Ycg fhtgrhbtfahbm cakjgy dgigrbtfah/s scawpfgkg gvght wfmm

tbjg pmbkg fh Ycg Cboug dral Lby ;2,@uhg 29- 5>29 bt tcg 27->>>,

sgbtgr Jyakgrb [tbiful( #Fhifb sgttmg dar sfmvgr fh Bsfb Kup Cakjgy&

Lbmbysfb/s egrtc bt tcg sullgr spgktbkumbr wbs oubrbhtggi dammaw,

fho Jargb/s irblbtfk 9,; trfulpc avgr Fhifb fh tcg dfhbm ad tcg Bsfb

Kup( Mfjg bmm kahtfhghtbm kcblpfahscfps- tcg efo prfzg ah addgr bt tcg

Bsfb Kup wbs ifrgkt _armi Kup qubmfdfkbtfah ta tcg gvght wfhhgr(

Cawgvgr- wftc Jargb cbvfho rgkghtmy eggh pralatgi dral dfrst rg,

sgrvgs ta kahdfrlgi _armi Kup qubmfdfgrs tcbhjs ta Broghtfhb/s vfk,

tary fh tcg ^bh Blgrfkbh Kup- tcg iaar wbs apghgi ta tcg atcgr rg,

sgrvgs dar tcg taurhblght( #Ebi ulpfrfho kast us Bsfb Kup tftmg- sby

Fhifbh pmbygrs bdtgr mass ta Jargb&

Mbst wggjghi- sgkahi rgsgrvgs [pbfh wgrg kahdfrlgi dar tcg gvght

kaurtgsy Ogrlbhy/s sukkgss fh Gurapgbh kcblpfahscfps- lgbhfho

tcbt tcfri rgsgrvgs Lbmbysfb egkblg tcg tgbl ta eghgdft dral

Jargb/s Bsfb Kup vfktary(

Lbmbysfb brg tcg 2>tc lgh/s tgbl ta qubmfdy dar tcg _armi Kup( Ywa

larg pmbkgs brg up dar orbes bt tcg upkalfho kahtfhghtbm kcblpf,

ahscfps fh Akgbhfb bhi Bdrfkb( Fhifb wfmm wbtkc tcg Akgbhfb Kup ta

eg cgmi fh Ybrbhbjf- Hgw Pgbmbhi dral Aktaegr ;> ta Havglegr ;

wftc orgbt fhtgrgst(

Ycg Akgbhfb Kup- bkkarifho ta tcg mbtgst dfxturgs- wfmm eg pmbygiblaho Bustrbmfb- Hgw Pgbmbhi- [blab #warmi rbhjfho ?5& bhi

^bpub Hgw Oufhgb #warmi rbhjfho 46&( Ycg taurhblght cbs bmwbys

eggh b twa,carsg rbkg egtwggh tcg Jaajbeurrbs bhi tcg Embkj

[tfkjs(

[fhkg Bustrbmfb #warmi Ha( 5& bhi Hgw Pgbmbhi #warmi Ha( ;& cbvg bm,

rgbiy qubmfdfgi dar tcg _armi Kup- ahmy fh tcg flpraebemg gvght ad

[blab ar bpub Hgw Oufhgb wfhhfho tcg Akgbhfb Kup wfmm scbttgr

Fhifb/s irgbls( Fhifb- rbhjgi 22 fh tcg warmi- wah tcg _armi Kup fh

26?7(

B rbtcgr kalpmgx prakgss fs biaptgi ey tcg fhtgrhbtfahbm cakjgy

dgigrbtfah ta sgmgkt tcg 25 tgbls dar tcg _armi Kup( ^rfar ta [uhiby/s

Bsfb Kup dfhbm- 2> tgbls wgrg bmrgbiy fightfdfgi( Ycg dfrst sgvgh

qubmfdfgrs wgrg sgmgktgi dral tcg tap tcrgg ad tcg twa _armi Mgboug

sglfdfhbms cgmi fh Uattgribl bhi @acar Ebcru #Lbmbysfb&(

Ogrlbhy- Broghtfhb bhi Ghombhi qubmfdfgi dral tcg @acar Ebcru

mgo wcfmg Egmoful- Bustrbmfb bhi Hgtcgrmbhis lbig ft dral tcg Uat,

tgribl mgo( Eut sfhkg tcg Iutkc qubmfdy bs casts- Hgw Pgbmbhi- tcg

cfocgst #DFC& rbhjgi daurtc dfhfscgr fh tcg _armi Mgboug sglfs- eg,

kblg tcg sgvghtc tgbl ta qubmfdy(

Ycbt mgdt dfvg larg smats ta dfmm( Jargb #daurtc fh @acar Ebcru& qubmf,

dfgi bs dfrst rgsgrvg kaurtgsy Broghtfhb/s vfktary fh tcg bh,Blgrf,

kbh Kup- [pbfh #dfdtc fh Uattgribl& qubmfdfgi bs sgkahi rgsgrvg

tcbhjs ta Ogrlbhy/s wfh fh tcg Gurapgbh kcblpfahscfp( Lbmbysfb-

dfdtc fh _armi Mgboug bhi b tcfri rgsgrvg dar tcg _armi Kup- lbig

tcg kut bdtgr Jargb egbt Fhifb fh tcg Bsfb Kup dfhbm(

5>29 _armiKup cakjgy_fmm [blab ar ^bpub

Hgw Oufhgb spafm

Fhifb/s qubmfdfkbtfah1



_G YCG [YBYGHbtfah25 ECA^BM [gptglegr 5 ta [gptglegr 3- 5>2;

Awhgi ^rfhtgi bhi ûemfscgi ey L(L(Ebfo( ^rfhtgi bt mukjy- 54?- ^rbobtf Hbobr- [cbcbhscbc Obrigh- Ecapbm #L^& bhi puemfscgi dral C(Ha(2>2- B,[GKYAU FHIUB^WUF ECGM- _BUI HA(4; IF[Y ECA^BM,945>52- L(^(

Ygmg!DBS >?77,9565797-Lae(>6957>566>2 glbfm,giftarNwgtcgstbtg(kal UHF Ha( L^GHO]5>25]94927 Giftar0 L(L( EBFO ,Ugspahsfemg dar sgmgktfah ad Hgws $ Brtfkmgs uhigr ÛE Bkt- [ue`gkt ta Ecapbm ùrfsifktfah

[ahfb Obhicf bhi Lbhlacbh [fhoc brg hat gvgh

sbdg bt tcgfr awh rgsfighkgs fh Hgw Igmcf(Igspftg

trglghiaus sgkurfty brrbhoglghts- tcg twa mgbi,

grs lby mbhi fh trauemg fd gbrtcqubjg cfts tcg hbtfahbm

kbpftbm( Kghtrbm ûemfk _arjs Igpbrtlght #K^_I& rg,

mgbsgi b rgpart wcfkc sbys 7>> TF^ biirgssgs fhkmuifho

^rflg Lfhfstgr bhi W^B Kcbfrpgrsah/s rgsfighkgs brg

vumhgrbemg ta bh gbrtcqubjg,mfjg kbmblfty( B rgpartpue,

mfscgi fh tcg ibfmy IHB quatgi ahg K^_I addfkfbm bs

sbyfho- %Ycgsg euhobmaws wgrg kahstruktgi egtwggh

265> bhi 26;> ta kbtgr ta tcg Erftfsc bhi mbst dar ;> ygbrs

bt tcg last( Cawgvgr- wg cbvgtrfgi ta lbfhtbfhtcgl dar

b 2>> ygbrs haw(% Ycg K^_I addfkfbm bmsa fhdarlgi tcbt

Lbhlacbh [fhoc wbs tami tcbt cfs rgsfighkg bt ? UKU

wbs strukturbmmy uhsbdg( Ycg K^_I bmsa cbi spght Us ?

krarg fh rghavbtfho cfs euhobmaw wcgh tcg ^L cbi

lavgi fhta tcghgw causg( Ycgrgpart-wcfkc wbstbemgi

fh tcg ^brmfblght iurfho tcg lahsaah sgssfah- sbys- %B

kalpmgtg survgy ad Mutyghs/ Euhobmaw Pahg #MPE& euh,

obmaws wftcrgdgrghkg ta tcgfr strukturbmsbdgty vfs,b,vfs

tcg mbtgst F[ kaig dar gbrtcqubjg,rgsfstbht strukturgs

cbs egghuhigrtbjgh(%[ahfb- Lbhlacbhhat sbdg%Last

ad tcg euhobmaws wgrg dauhi ta eg uhsbdg( Ycg lbttgr

cbs eggh rgpartgi ta tcg LaWI( Ft cbs eggh prapasgi tatbjg up rgigvgmaplght ad MPE euhobmaws fh b pcbsgi

lbhhgr-% biigi tcg rgpart( Ycg ^L bhi [ahfb Obhicf

wgrg hat bmahgfh tcgmfstwcfkc scaws wcfkccausgs brg

vumhgrbemg ta gbrtcqubjg,mfjg kbmblftfgs( Ugsfighkgs ad

tcg Tfkg,^rgsfight bhi sgvgrbm atcgr kbefhgt lfhfstgrs

bmsa cbvg eggh ghmfstgi fh tcg rgpart( B kast ad Us ;->>>

krarg cbs eggh gstflbtgi ey tcg K^_I ta rghavbtg tcg

7>> TF^ biirgssgs bhi tcg lahgy waumi eg spght fh b

pcbsgi lbhhgr fh ;> ygbrs( Ycg addfkfbm- wcfmg spgbjfho

ta tcg ibfmy- sbfi tcbt tcg blauht- wcfkc cbs eggh gstf,

lbtgi dar tcg rghavbtfah warjs- fs b mat larg tcbh wcbt

waumi eg hggigi ta kahstrukt tcg strukturgs bdrgsc(

[ahfb- Lbhlacbh hat sbdg gvgh bt calg

Appasftfah smbls oavt( dardugm prfkg cfjg

Hgw Igmcf0 Ycg W^B oavgrhlght/s tcfhjfho ad scut,

tfho iawh pgtrampulps fhtcg hfoctta kahtram dugm ig,

lbhi bs b lgbsurg ta kure lbssfvg afm flpart efmm fs

b strbhog ahg( Bsgxpgktgi- tcgAppasftfahcbs cft aut

bt tcg oavgrhlght dar kahsfigrfho sukc lavg( ^gtra,

mgul Lfhfstgr Tggrbppb Lafmy wbs b prflg tbrogt ad

tcg Appasftfah/s ofeg( Ycg pgtramgul lfhfstry/s irfvg

dardugm kahsgrvbtfahdral[gptglegr 24 ta rgiukgig,

lbhi bhisbvg bh gstflbtgi Us24->>> krarg fs bh alf,

haus sfoh dar tcg gkahalfk iglakrbky( Kbh t cg oav,

grhlght darkg bustgrfty

lgbsurgs ah tcg pgapmg ta

lbjg up dar fts dbfmurg ah

tcg gk ahalfk draht1 Yaiby-ft fs kbmmfho dar scuttfho

pgtram pulps fh tcg hfoct ta

rgiukg iglbhi dar dugm- ta,

larraw ft lfoct tcfhj ad

kahtrammfho lfmj ar lgif,

kfhg scaps- puttfho kcfmirgh

bhi pbtfghts fh praemgl(

Ycg prflg lfhfstgr bhi tcg

dfhbhkg lfhfstgr rgpartgimy

rg gktgi tcg figb eut wcy

sukc figb kblg up fh tcg

dfrst pmbkg1 Brg tcfhos fhif,

kbtfhobt bh gkahalfk glgr,

oghky1 Ft fs dutfmg ta gxpgkt

bustgrfty ta obfh pralfhghkg fh tcg ibfmy gkahalfk

prbktfkg wcgh tcg lfhfstgrs bhi pgapmg/s rgprgsghtb,tfvgs ia hat eatcgr ta mgbi tcg wby(

Ycg Fhifbh stbtg cbs sgt up b kumturg ad suesfifsgi

gkahaly ta cgmp tcg paar sfhkg tcg vgry egofhhfho

eut cbs sukkggigi mfttmg fh scfgmifho tcgl( [uesfifho

ifgsgm cbs ahmy sggh pgapmg oafho dar dugm,ouzzmfho

cfoc,ghi kbrs ta ogtkcgbpgrifgsgm eut tcasg lgbht ta

ogt eghgdfttgi dral tcg skcglg cbvg oat mast fh tcg

krawi( Haw- tcg oavgrhlght fs maajfho ta tblgtcg ig,

lbhi( _cyifih/t ft flpmglght straho kfvfk lgbsurgs

ta ifskfpmfhg tcg dugm,usgrs bmm tcgsg ygbrs1 Ycg pamftf,

kfbhscbvg lbig tcg gkahalyb tayta pmby wftc darpa,

mftfkbm obfhs bhi wcgh ft cbs stbrtgi sgrfausmy ebkj,

dfrfho-tcgy brgtcfhjfho beaut efzbrrgwbys ta ogtaut

ad tcg camg(Ycg scuttfhoad pgtrampulps fh tcghfoct

wfmm mgbi ta bivgrsg kahsgqughkgs bmm avgr- eatc gka,

halfkbmmy bhi sakfbmmy( Ycg Fhifbh pamftfkbm systgl

lust cbvg b systgl ad camifho pmgefskftg ta rgkbmmmgbigrs wca cbvg dbfmgi ta rgvfvg bhy capg dar tcgfr

pgapmg(Oavgrhbhkgfs hat b kcfmi/spmby bhiwftc tflg-

ft cbs egkalg b larg kalpmfkbtgi bddbfr ta igbm wftc(

Ft hggis cbri,warjfho gxgkutfvgswca lgbheusfhgss-

hat hbávg igkfsfah,lbjgrs(

Laif wbhts Ycbkjgrbys ta rguhftg

Ycgrg fs bmlast hatcfho tcbt Laif iags tcbt cfs

bilfrgrs iah‖t tcfhj fs wartc b hbtfahbm camf,

iby( Ft fs fh dbkt trug tcbt Laif cbs surrgptf,

tfausmy giogi pbst [bkcfh Yghiumjbr bhi [cbc Uujc

Jcbhfh cfs egspajg befmfty ta sgtdfrgta pgapmg‖sflbo,

fhbtfah( _ca gmsg- ahg wahigrs- kaumi cbvg kbtbpumtgi

bhflbofhbry puppyta tcggxumtgirbhjsahmyb Cbrry

âttgr kaumi cbvg stbjgi kmbfl ta( Bhi fh bh bog wcgh

tcg cattgst cgrags fh tcg warmi brg vblpfrgs swbtcgi

fh Brlbhf- Hbrghirb Laif ergbtcgi mfdg ebkj fhta tcg

obh gg bhi eudd lbkcfslaad b hgbr,daroattgh Ublea(Dar bmm yau jhaw- cg fs praebemy kbpbemg ad turhfho

B`by @big`b fhta b cfocmy,efi stbr fh tcg hgxt F^M buk,

tfah( [a tcg hgws tcbt cg cbs tbjgh ah tcg sgglfhomy

flpassfemgtbsj ad lbjfho Wiicbv Ycbkjgrby cuobhi

lbjg up wftc kausfh bhi [cfv [ghb hglgsfs Ub`

Ycbkjgrby iagsh‖t kalg bs b surprfsg(

Ycg Gkahalfk Yflgs rgparts tcbt bdtgr pmbstgrfho

Lulebf wftc cfs –F bl b Cfhiu Hbtfahbmfst‖ pastgrs-

tcg Ou`brbt Kcfgd Lfhfstgr fs ah b irfvg ta sgkurg tcg

rbhjs ad E@^ ey ogttfho tcg dfoctfho Ycbkjgrby

kausfhs ta suppart cfl- fh uhfsah( GY rgparts0

[ghfar E@^ dfourgs fh Lbcbrbsctrb cbvg egghtbsjgi

ey tcg Ou`brbt kcfgd lfhfstgr ta warj ah tcg twa

kausfhs dar ”Lbcb Vutf“- ar b ”orbhi bmmfbhkg“- ta gh,

surg tcbt tcg bhtf,Kahorgss vatgs brg hat spmft(

Dammawfho tcg arigrs ad tcg Ou`brbt KL- E@^ Lbcb,

rbsctrb kcfgd Igvghirb ^cbibhvfs- cbs rgpartgimycgmi sgvgrbm lggtfhos wftc Ub` Ycbkjgrby beaut tcg

passfefmfty ad bh bmmfbhkg( Cg cbs bmsa eggh fh taukc

wftc Wiicbv Ycbkjgrby ta ifskuss b pbtkc,up( Ycg pa,

mftfkbm lbtc cgrg fs gbsy ta ogt( _ftc tcg LH[ bhi tcg

[cfv [ghb àfhfho cbhis- vatgs dar tcg HIB wfmm swgmm(

Cawgvgr- ofvgh caw igspftg b scaw ad stfrrfho gla,

tfah bt Ebm Ycbkjgrby–s duhgrbm tcg kausfhs cbvg oahg

ebkj ta egfho tcg pamftfkbm kauhtgrpbrts ad [UJ bhi

[bmlbh Jcbh- b rgkahkfmfbtfah iagsh‖t sggl fh arigr(

Ub` Ycbkjgrby- fs hat taa krftfkbm ad Hbrghirb Laif(

[algtcfho tcbt cbs gvgh frjgi Wiicbv fh tcg pbst(

_cfmg hat lukc fs jhawh beaut tcg rgegm Y cbkjgrby‖s

rgmbtfahscfp wftc Laif- tcg E@^ mgbigrscfp fh Lbcb,

rbsctrb fs hattaa pmgbsgi wftc Ub`tryfhota pmby Berb,

cbl Mfhkamh ta tcg Lbcbrbsctrfbhs bhi cf`bkj tcg

[cfv [ghb‖s boghibYcg kcbhkgs ad Ub` bhi Wiicbv kalfho taogtcgr brg

emgbj larg egkbusg tcg eratcgrs brg zgbmausmy pratgk,

tfvg beaut tcgfr pasftfah fh tcg pbrty cfgrbrkcfgs( Hgf,

tcgr wbhts ta kgig pamftfkbm orauhi ta tcg atcgr bhi

eatc wbht ta stby tcgsfhomg last warscfppgimgbigr fh

tcg rgofah( Ycg [cfv [ghb- bs ad haw- cbs 22 sgbts fh

tcg Maj [becb- tcg LH[ iagsh‖t cbvg bhy eut spmfts

vatgs wcfkc kaumi oa ta tcg HIB- mgbifho ta tcg vfkta,

ry ad tcg Kahorgss,HK^ bmmfbhkg( Hbturbmmy- Laif

wbhts tcgeratcgrs ta àfh cbhissa tcbt E@ ‖skcbhkgs

brgeaastgifh tcgstbtg( Ar lbyeg- cg fs ùst rgturhfho

b dbvaur ta tcg Ycbkjgrby kmbh" B Yflgs ad Fhifb rg,

part dral 5>>6 stbtgs0

”Ycgrg wgrg cgktfk lavgs ta rglavg Laif dral tcg

pastbdtgr tcg Oaicrb rfats( _gkmgbrmy tamiBivbhf tcbt

Ou`brbt wfmm eg mast fd Laif fs rglavgi-“ Ycbkjgrby

wratg fh bh giftarfbm fh tcg [ghb lautcpfgkg –[bb,lbhb‖(

YcgYcbkjgrbyfh qugstfahcgrg fs tcgmbtg EbmYcbkj,

grby( Ycg Ou`brbt KL kaumi passfemy eg sbvfho tcg

[ghb iyhbsty fh Lbcbrbsctrb ey ogttfho tcg twa

kausfhs taogtcgr"

Documents

We The State - Issue 49