We the People

Foundations of Democracy

Justice . . .

SVPDP AgendaFebruary 6, 2010

Martha Bouyer & Charzetta Richardson Presenting

Seeking Justice for All

• High School Unit 3: 19 &,20;Unit 5: 29;

• Elementary Unit 4: Lessons 19 -21

• Middle School Unit 5: Lessons 23-27

• Foundations of Democracy: Corrective and Distributive Justice

AL COS S.S. Standards• Grade K: 3; 10 &11• Grade 4: 6; 7; 9; 10; 11 &15• Grade 5: 12 &13• Grade 6: 9; 10; 11; 12; &13• Grade 7: 9-12 • Grade 10: 8; 9;10; & 11• Grade 11: 9 &12• Grade 12: 11 & 12

We the People . . .High School, Unit 3; Elementary

School, Unit 4; Middle School, Unit 5.

• Please read the unit objectives for your grade level and discuss with a partner what students should be able to do following instruction.

• Be prepared to share your findings wwith the group.

Securing Rights

• How has the Constitution been changed to further the ideals contained in the Declaration of Independence?

• How does the Constitution protect our basic rights?

Justice

• What is justice?

Pledge of Allegiance

• I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands one nation under God indivisible with liberty and justice for all.

Three Types of Justice

• Distributive Justice

• Corrective Justice

• Procedural Justice

DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE

• Distributive justice - The fairness of how something is distributed or divided among several people or groups.

CORRECTIVEJUSTICE

• Fairness of responses to wrong or injuries.

PROCEDURAL JUSTICE

• Fairness of the ways information is gathered and decisions are made.

What are the Goals of Corrective Justice?

• Corrective justice is concerned with or proper responses to wrongs or injuries.

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Terms to Know:

• Correction - providing a remedy or imposing a penalty to set things right in a "Fair" way

• Deterrence - discouraging people from committing wrongs and causing injuries for fear of the consequences

Terms to Know Continued:

• Injury - Damage, harm, or wound• Prevention - Responding to wrongdoing in

a way that will prevent the person from doing wrong again.

• Wrong - Something that is contrary to conscience, morality, or law.

What are the goals of Distributive Justice?

• Distributive justice is concerned with the fairness of the distribution of benefits and/or burdens among two or more people or groups in society.

Terms to Know:

• Capacity - Ability to hold, receive, or contain

• Desert - Something deserved or merited

• Interests - A right to or claim to something

• Need - A condition requiring supply or relief

Terms to Know Continued

• Principle of Similarity - In a particular situation, people who are the same or similar in certain important ways should be treated the same, or equally. In that situation, people who are different in certain important ways should be treated differently, or unequally.

• Relevant - Having significant and demonstrable bearing on the matter at hand.

• Values - A principle, standard, or quality considered worthwhile or desirable.

What are the goals of Procedural Justice?

• Procedural justice deals with the fairness of procedures or ways of doing things.

Procedural Justice Terms to Know:

• Comprehensiveness - Complete or broad coverage of a topic.

• Detection of Error - Discovery of something incorrect or wrong.

• Due Process of Law - A course of formal proceedings carried out regularly and in accordance with established rules and principles. Amendment XOV, Section 1

• Flexibility - Capability of adapting to new, different, or changing requirements.

Terms to Know Continued:

• Impartiality - Treating or affecting all equally.

• Notice - A warning or intimation of something

• Predictability - capable of being foretold on the basis of observation, experience, or scientific reason.

• Reliability - Dependability

Critical Thinking Exercise

• Identifying Issues of Distributive, Corrective, and Procedural Justice

• Turn to page 172 in Foundations of Democracy - Read the directions to yourself as I read them aloud.

What is your most important right as a citizen?

• One minute think time

• One minute to write down your thoughts

• Three minutes for table talk.

Review Types of Justice

• Corrective justice is concerned with or proper responses to wrongs or injuries.

• Distributive justice is concerned with the fairness of the distribution of benefits and/or burdens among two or more people or groups in society.

• Procedural justice deals with the fairness of procedures or ways of doing things.

Justice for all.

• We the people of the United States in order to form a more perfect union, establish Justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Securing the Right to Vote• You require that a man shall have sixty

dollars worth of property, or he shall not vote. Very well, take an illustration. Here is a man who today owns a jackass, and the jackass is worth sixty dollars. Today the man is a voter and he goes to the polls and deposits his vote. Tomorrow the jackass dies. The next day the man comes to vote without his jackass and he cannot vote at all. Now tell me, which was the voter, the man or the jackass?

» Thomas Paine

How the Right to Vote Evolved

• Table Activity

Early Civil Rights Amendments

• 13th Amendment – Ended Slavery

• 14th Amendment – Made Blacks Citizens, Nationalized the Bill of Rights

• 15th Amendment – Gave Black Men the Right to Vote

Civil Rights Amendment of 1875

• Citizens of every race and color are entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of restaurants, hotels, trains, and all places of public amusement.

Plessy v Ferguson 1896

• Justice John Harlan was the lone dissenter he wrote with incredible foresight when he said:

• Our Constitution is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens. In respect of civil rights, all citizens are equal before the law...In my opinion, the judgment this day rendered will, in time, prove to be quite as pernicious as the decision made by this tribunal in the Dred Scott case...

Obstacles to Voting• Literacy Test – Tests given to people to

prove they are able to read and write.

• Grandfather Clause – The law that allowed a person to vote if his grandfather had been allowed to vote.

• Poll Tax – A tax that voters in many states had to pay before they could vote.

Voting Amendments

• 12th – Separate ballots for President and Vice President

• 15th Black men gained the right to vote

• 17th Direct election of Senators

• 19th Women gained the right to vote

• 24th Removed the Poll Tax

• 26th 18 year olds vote

LBJ Signs the 1965 Voting Rights Act