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Wayang Puppet Show: Spiritual Norm and Ritual Form of Worship through Aesthetic Devotions Bali Module for East 15 th Acting School Essex University August 1 st - 21 st 2011 Prof. I Nyoman Sedana, Ph.D. Spiritual norm/practice: Kala chases Kumara. Aesthetic devotion: Wayang puppet show. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Wayang Puppet Show:Spiritual Norm and Ritual Form of Worship
through Aesthetic Devotions Bali Module for East 15th Acting School Essex University
August 1st - 21st 2011
Prof. I Nyoman Sedana, Ph.D.
Ritual Form of worship: wayang holy water to purify a man
Aesthetic devotion: Wayang puppet showSpiritual norm/practice:
Kala chases Kumara
Tantra=spiritual norm, practice &ritual forms (believe-based culture):
1. Yantra=holy forms
2. Mudra=hand gestures
3. Mantra=incantations
Through
Tantra: spiritual norms & practice – ritual forms
MudraHAND GESTURE and
ACTIVITIES
YantraRITUAL FORMS
MantraINCANTATION
His coitus with Durga results in a myriad of demons that carry pestilence and terror
Longing for Parwati, God Siwa (Shiva) transforms into the Demon Kala Rudra. SOMYA RUPA
PEACE Hol
y m
en
Sanghyang Trisemaya
Spiritual norm why puppeteer is a priest: Mythology Siwagama
BRAHMA WISNU=
AssistantsCaturlokapala= musician
Performing artistsISWARA= Puppeteer
SHIVAISM
Kasinuhun Kidul grants Kala a privilege of devouring mankind: all those born within the week of wayang, walking during the sun reaches its zenith, quarrelling at sunset, and roaming about during dusk.
Two sons of God Shiva: Sanghyang Adi Kala and Rare Kumara
Kala comes and devours puppet offering. Dalang sue Kala unable to return the prescribed offering
Since Kumara is born on wayang week, Kala will devour him. Kumara
escapes to seek refuge to the Middle world
Another Tantra the spiritual practice: Mythology of Kala Purana
Kala authorizes dalang to purify people with Tirta Penyapuhleger (destroying defilement, sin, and impurity) or Tirta Panyudamalan (cleaning bodily blemish and deformities).
Evils shall be exorcized by the Tirta Panglukatan of Dalang priest.
Dalang takes
Kumara and put him
into the hollow of
bamboo tube
resonator
Detya Darika
creates terror
God Brahma
God Siva
Gods & Rsi
Indian Tantra Mythology Tolpavakoothu puppet from Kerala
DEVI BHADRAKALI/ BHAGAWATI
Using weapons of Nawasanga
To deafeat
God Siva perform shadow
puppet TOLPAWAKOOTH
U
Asurastri
Triangle altar
Meru 3-stories
Offerings on the Dalang’s side
Similar altar used for wayang
Ritual
forms
Wayang puppet holy water in contemporary Bali
1. A patron commission puppet show to obtain
holy water (by sprinkling, cleaning mouth and face, drink, and wash him/herself from the head) typically become more mentally stable, civilized, and facing less and less accident or problems.
2. Collective ruwatan purification in order to share the cost as on March 27th 2011by Badung Regent.
3. Unable to commission the show one may come to the dalang’s house during the week of wayang or approach dalang at the end of puppet show with a minimum offering.
The fresh water being transformed into holy is inside a rodiac silver beaker on a wanci raised tray.
Mudra &
Mantra
Mantra and Mudra—along the 30 steps in creation of wayang holy water—may be briefly quoted step number 6:
Take and hold another petal over the censer while reciting Mantra:
Ong gunung mas apucak manik akrikil nawa ratna, inapungan ing naga patra, ingaranan Sanghyang Merti Tita Kamandalu, maka uriping watek Nawa Sanga, maka patirtan ira Sang Pandita Ratu, anglukata anglebura sakwehing lara wigna, jadma manusa ing madya pada wenang anglebur gering kabeh lupa lelep arip, purna sewu satusing papa klesa lara roga lara wigna, kalukatakna upataning bapa ibu kaki nini buyut. Om lukat, lukat, lukat. Om awignamastu swaha.
Meaning:
OM the golden mountain with a jewel as its summit, and, the nine pearls serve as the gravel, encircled by an ornament (finger ring) consisting of naga snakes, called the Divine Ambrosia Kamandalu, the Life Force of the Nine Gods, the Holy Water of the Kings of Priests. May it exorcize all suffering and hindrances afflicting mankind in the Middle World. May it remove all illnesses, failures of memory, tiredness of the eyes and of the mind. May they are freed from 1100 evils and illnesses. May it undo the effects of the curses of parents, of grand parents, and of great grand parents. OM Exorcize, Exorcize, Exorcize!). I then drop the petal into the water in the beaker.
Strep of benang tukelan white yarn has been tied around the beaker
The final stage: puppet stick stirs up holy water
Natural energy creates holy water:
Fire incense
Mineral
11 tarupremana flowers
Coconut oil of the lamp
Rice
Each delivered via mantra incantations
Dalang is a bridge of beauty connecting two realmsD
alan
g’s
devo
itio
n in
rit
ual w
orsh
ip
empl
oys
Yan
tra,
Mud
ra, a
nd M
antr
a
Dalang a bridge between sekala dand niskala
In the ritual show of puppet Sapuhleger
Pure water
Nawa Ratna
Tirta holy
water
By performing the wayang ritualistic theatre, dalang communicates with the gods in the spiritual realm to transform the ordinary water of material realm into the holy water of the sacred space for the human purification in the profane space
Yantra the Ritual Forms
Mudra (gesture) and Mantra (incantation)Sprinkling holy water to the beneficiary
Go on to the second part ?
Thematic links underlying Asian ancestral deliverance
Obon/Ochūgen Festival
Ngaben-Nyilawati cremation
Hungry Ghost Festival/ Qingming
Ancestral Ceremony
Mokurenki rescues his mother from Hades
Bima rescues his parent from the hell
Mulian rescues his mother from the underworld
Myth/
Story
Bonraku Mokurenki
Wayang Kulit Bima
Marionette Mulian
Puppet show
JapanIndonesiaChinaTantr
a
Five Components ofAsian Ancestral Deliverance in Performative Format
(1)Qualified living descendant to rescue the parent by transferring merits,
(2)Causes and effects of karmic law as the driving force,(3)Puppet show with the story of ritual liberation, (4)Commemorating ancestor (Tangsan/Leluhur/Ibu) or
parent soul/spirit (jiwatma) as the object, (5)Ceremony creating public awareness about spirit
liberation.
Qualified man to rescue by transferring merits
China Indonesia/India
Japan
Puppet character
Mulian Bima Mokurenki
Suprame guru
Goddess
Guanyim
Dewa Ruci,
Vayu/God of wind
Sakyamuni Buddha
power Shoe and chansan tool
Angkus prana:
power to
purify
Super natural power
Causes and effects of karmic law as the driving forceGood karma is more helpful than knowledge or even
super natural power.Absolute law of karma makes no one is immune from
the causes and effects of one own karma:
In virtual reality puppet show formulates sins:1. Mulian’s mother, Madame Liu, served dog meat2. Bima’s father, Pandu, killed sage Kindama3. Mokurenki’s mother: greed and self important.4. Mokuren’s former life to kill his father that caused
him to be killed badly by bandits
Puppet show presenting virtual reality of human liberation
Chinese puppet show presenting the story of Mulian Jiu mu ji rescuing his mother from the under world;
Indonesian puppet show enacting Bima goes to heaven (Bima Swarga) to rescue his parent from the Hades.
Japanese puppet show presenting story of sekkyobushi play in which Mokurenki rescues his mother from hell
Commemorating ancestor Spirit (jiwatma) of Tangsan/Leluhur/Ibu
1. Hungry Ghost and Qingming festival in China2. Ngaben and Nyilawati cremation for the dead in Bali.3. O-bon and Ochūgen ancestor celebration in Japan.
Contemporary extension of Asian traditional ethic of "universal love"
Both in China and Bali: "Worldly fortunes belong to the 'five families' of flood, fire, the unfilial, the corrupt and thieves – it will not remain. Only merits will remain because nothing but karma remains after a person passes away."
CONCLUSIONDomains of Asian ancestral deliverance in performative format
PHILOSOPHY
Hinduism Confucianism
BuddhismTaoismBelief
ACTUAL REALITY
RELEGY
HUMANISM
THATRE
RITUAL
Om Santi Santi Santi Om
Wishing you all big Success and Happiness
in Bali