Watershed Development Department SUJALA-III

1

Technology Solutions For WatershedsTechnology Solutions For WatershedsTechnology Solutions For Watersheds

NewsletterNewsletterNewsletterSUJALA-IIISUJALA-IIISUJALA-IIISUJALA-IIISUJALA-III

Watershed Development DepartmentWatershed Development DepartmentWatershed Development Department

For the Joint Project of World Bank and Government of KarnatakaFor the Joint Project of World Bank and Government of KarnatakaFor the Joint Project of World Bank and Government of Karnataka

Implementation Support Mission from World Bank

A World Bank team visited Karnataka from July 22-31, 2019 for an Implementation Support Mission of the Karnataka Watershed Development Project-II to review: technical progress of the critical web portal and decision support tools work, uptake of Land Resource Inventory

( L R I ) i n fo r m a t i o n b y fa r m e rs ; d i s c u s s t h e Implementation Completion and Results Report (ICRR) with the project closing on December 31, 2019; and discuss the role of WDD and technical partners in a proposed new multi-state watershed project. The mission included presentations on the project status, field visits, and follow-up meetings with implementing partners and senior officials including the Secretary-Agriculture and the Additional Chief Secretary & Development Commissioner, GoK.

The mission was led by Dr. Grant Milne (Task Team Leader), Ranjan Samantaray (Co-Task Team Leader); Suryanarayan Satish (Sr. Social Development Specialist); Anupam Joshi (Sr. Environmental Specialist); Banu Setlur (Sr. Environmental Specialist), Priti Jain (Senior Procurement Consultant); Anantha Karur (Financial Management Analyst); Rajshekar (Environmental Consultant); and Sonakshi Mishra (Environmental Consultant).

The team expressed its satisfaction about the project and remarked that “The project continues to show strong progress as an incubator for innovation that can inf luence watershed management, precis ion agriculture and climate resiliency not only throughout India, but also in other regions.”

Field Visit by Implementation Support Mission

The Implementation Support Mission of the World Bank th th

visited Yadgir and Raichur districts from 24 to 26 July 2019. During this field visit, the team inspected various watershed development interventions in the saturation watersheds such as soil and water conservation activities, drainage line treatments, forest plantation, Agro-horticulture, Livestock promotion activities and horticulture demonstration activities and also visited UAS Raichur.

SKOCH Order of Merit Award to Sujala‐III and PMKSY

Karnataka Watershed Development Project-II (Sujala-III) and Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) programs of Watershed Development Department, GoK have received SKOCH order of Merit 2019 Award under the Category of Agriculture and Soil health.

The award was presented by Mr. Sameer Kochhar, th

Chairman, SKOCH Group on 25 September 2019 at Constitution Club of India, New Delhi. Sri. Prabhash Chandra Ray, Project Director, Sujala-III project and Commissioner, Watershed Development Department, Government of Karnataka received the award on behalf of the Watershed Development Department, GoK.

.

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July‐September 2019

THE WORLD BANKTHE WORLD BANKTHE WORLD BANK

Vol‐ 6 / Issue‐3

From the Desk of the Project Director & Commissioner

2

(PRABHASH CHANDRA RAY)Commissioner, WDD

WDD SUJALA e-NewsletterApril- June 2018

From the Desk of the Project Director & Commissioner

2

(PRABHASH CHANDRA RAY)Commissioner,

Watershed Development DepartmentBangalore.

WDD SUJALA NewsletterJuly-September 2019

Status of Soil Organic Matter (SOM) in Rainfed areas of Karnataka

Soil Health and in turn the productivity of the soil is intricately related to the amount of organic matter present in the soil, particularly in the vast rainfed tracts of Karnataka. Soil organic matter

(SOM) consists of plant and animal parts and microbial residues in various stages of decomposition. It plays a critical role in improving soil aggregation, soil structure, rate of infiltration, water retention and availability, nutrient retention, release and availability apart from providing various ecosystem services. However, the Organic Carbon content in soil depends on kind and intensity of tillage, cropping intensity, recycling of biomass, addition of manures and fertilizers. Further, it is a major sink of carbon, a vital link in the context of increasing global warming and climate change.

The nature and amount of organic matter present in the soil reflects the status of soil fertility and health of the soil. The detailed parcel level assessment of soil organic matter along with other soil-site characteristics in about 1.4 m ha as a part of World Bank supported Sujala-III Watershed development project in 12 districts of the state has shown the poor status of organic matter in the vast rainfed tracts of the state.

Fig 1. Soil organic carbon status of Chanangiri taluk of Davangere district watershed area

It is a matter of grave concern that it is not only low or medium in most parts of the Project area but also showing a declining trend in the recent past due to various factors like monocropping, absence or very

less application of farm yard manure, non-adoption of suitable cropping pattern and package of practices, lack of crop rotation, increasing cost of inputs and host of other factors. The situation is further aggravated by the steady increase in area under various forms of land degradation which has already affected more than 6 million ha area in the State. Among the various forms of land degradation soil erosion is severe, particularly in the black soils, which removes not only the finer soil particles like silt and clay but also large quantities of organic matter along with them. Continuation of the unchecked soil loss in the black and red soils along with soil organic matter has resulted in the occurrence of large tracts of degraded lands in the rainfed areas of the State.

It is important that urgent measures are needed to improve the soil organic matter content of the soils occurring in the vast rainfed areas of the State. Since soil degradation, particularly soil erosion is severe in the rainfed areas, and is the main cause for the loss of soil organic matter along with finer soil particles like silt and clay, it is of utmost importance that appropriate soil and water conservation measures are planned and implemented on war footing in all the rainfed areas of the State. Apart from controlling the severity of land degradation, the other measures to be followed to improve the status of Soil Organic Carbon in the soil are continuous addition of farm yard manure every year, incorporation of trash and other plant residues, adoption of appropriate cropping pattern and crop rotation, intercultural operations, mulching, following the principles of conservation farming/zero tillage wherever possible, growing trees on roadsides, avenues, common lands, homesteads and increasing area under agroforestry. To ensure the sustainability of the already fragile rainfed ecosystem there is no other option except to improve the soil organic matter in the soil. This calls for very sincere effort from all concerned to increase the amount of organic matter present in the soil.

3


Visit of International Trainees to Sujala‐III Project

As a part of “International training program on “Geo‐informatics applications in Rural Development” at NIRD & PR, MORD, Govt. of India, 16 officials from 10 countries (Argentina, Ethiopia, Iraq, Kenya, Malaysia, Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria, Sri lanka and Zimbabwe) participated in a session on “Understanding the success story of World Bank funded KWDP‐II ( Sujala ‐

ndIII) at NBSS&LUP, RC, Bangalore on 2 August 2019. Dr. Rajendra Hegde, Lead Scientist explained the importance and utility of LRI, its methodology, project implementation, DPR, capacity building programs, Digital library, Decision support system, saturation treatments, infrastructure created, monitoring and evaluation programs etc. The participants also visited Soil museum, Labs and GIS section to understand the process of LRI generation.

Agreement with New Space India Ltd for project evaluation

Sujala-III project, Watershed Development Department has signed an agreement with New Space India Ltd, a commercial arm of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for conducting final impact assessment of the

thproject. The agreement was signed on 16 August 2019. The total budget outlay of the agreement is Rs.1.38 crores. As per the agreement, New Space India Ltd will be completing the final impact evaluation of the project

thby 30 November 2019

th13 Project Empowered Committee (PEC) Meeting Conducted

th13 Project Empowered Committee (PEC) Meeting was

thheld on 18 August 2019. Smt. Vandita Sharma IAS, Addit ional Chief Secretary and Development Commissioner to Government, GoK chaired the meeting. Major agenda points discussed during the meeting were review of physical and financial progress, project exit strategy, end line impact assessment by New S p a c e I n d i a L i m i te d ( N S I L ) , R at i f i cat i o n o f addendum/corrigendum to contract signed with M/S Ceinsys, status of implementation of designing, developing, establishment of DL, DSS and LRI portal, status of LRI dissemination etc. After the detailed deliberations, the committee took note of the proposed subjects and accorded approval and directed to expedite the pending action points and progress of the project.

ToT on LRI for DoH officials

In order to facilitate and hasten the progress of village level LRI trainings especially with respect to horticulture crops, Sujala-III had organised two days Training of Trainers (TOT) to 24 Officers of horticulture Department

thon 23-24 September 2019. The training was organised at NBSS&LUP, Bangalore with the help of all the technical partners of the project. Project Director, Sujala-III and Commissioner, Watershed Development Department inaugurated the training, addressed the trainees and advised to ensure quality village level trainings in coordination with the officials of Agriculture Department at District, Taluka where Horticulture is the main crop.


4

Economic Valuation of Watershed Services for Prioritizing Conservation Investment in Karnataka

E c o n o m i c I n t r o d u c t i o n : valuation of soil ecosystem s e r v i c e s i s a n i m p o r t a n t component of policy decision-making on land resources conservation and management.

The objective of this study to asses the relationship between soil quality and productivity, to estimate the economic value of soil organic carbon and quantify value of soil nutrients loss due to soil erosion at micro watershed scale for Prioritizing Conservation Investment.

Methodology: Hosur-1 micro-watershed is located in 0 0 0

between 15 2' – 15 4' North latitudes and 77 39' – 075 41' East longitudes, covering an area of about 600

ha, bounded by Chikasavanur, Suganhalli, Vadi and Alginvad villages. The framework followed given fig. 1.

at the cost of fertilizers needed to replace the soil nutrients to maintain a certain level of productivity.

Results

Effect of soil quality and maize yield

The soil parameters and the maize yield were plotted to evaluate the impact of soils on crop yield. The relationship between the soil depth and maize yield shows that moderately shallow soils give relatively more yield that shallow and deep soils. The effect of soil texture on maize yield shows that sandy clay loam texture is more suitable (1882 kg /ha) than clay soils (1724 kg /ha) (Fig. 2&3).

Fig. 1 Framework for Economic Valuation of Soils

Fig. 2&3. Effect of soil depth & soil texture on maize yield

Economic Valuation Methods

Productivity Change Approach: The productivity change approach focuses on the relationship between a particular soil quality and the production (yield) of a marketed good. As estimated from the difference in monetary value of the yields from the low and high soils quality.

Market Price Approach: Soil ecosystem services for each site were estimated by multiplying with productivity of each services by taking market price.

Replacement Cost Approach: The replacement cost approach estimates the monetary value of ecosystem services based on the costs of substitutes that can be used for replacing or restoring damaged ecosystem services to their original productivity levels. It can be used to estimate a value of soil erosion losses by looking

The surface soil gravellenes negatively influencing on maize yield. Non gravelly soils (2205 kg /ha) are more suitable than very gravelly soils (1558 kg /ha). Effect of soil erosion on maize yield shows negative relationship with maize yield. Slightly eroded soils yielding more (1873 kg /ha) compared to moderately eroded soils (1540 kg /ha) (Fig. 4&5).

Fig. 4&5. Effect of soil gravel & soil erosion non maize yield

The relationship between the soil suitability evaluation and the average yield of maize crop shows that the as the number of soil constraints increases the crop productivity level likely to decline in Hosure-1 micro watershed (Fig. 6).

Fig. 6. Effect of soil suitability on maize yield

5


The maize yield level in relation to soil fertility constraints shows that higher the soil fertility level more yield can be realised (Fig.7 & 8).

Estimated value of soil ecosystem services shows that annual average value of Rs 1927 is lost due to soil erosion. By following soil and water conservation there is scope for saving of soil nutrients worth of Rs 1927 per ha per year (Fig 9).The soils in the micro watersheds support Rs 12916 of food grains, Rs 4289 of fodder and Rs 51686 of value of water per ha per year. An average total value of Rs 68891 is the economic value of soils i n H o s u r - 1 m i c ro watershed

122766703766158

1714107289845

107282210

15006253007521

1.1417.1632.82

143.04105.24

Soil

nutrients

constraints

OC

K2O

B

Fe

Zn

ChangeLow HighBCR

Value(Rs/ha)

Cost ofNutrients(Rs/ha)

C=(B-A)(A) (B) F=D/ED=C *Rs.14/kg) E

17151663150216631724

18382430220524301882

The economic value of soil erosion is quantified following replacement cost method. The nutrient lost due to soil erosion is valued by taking the market price of soil nutrients. The onsite cost of soil nutrients loss is estimated at Rs 1927/ ha /year of which loss of soil organic carbon account Rs 1831 /ha /year (95 %) (Table 2 & Fig. 10 &11). The total value of soil nutrients loss is Rs 774753 per year.

Fig.9. Estimated value of soil ecosystem services

Table 1. Productivity change in maize due to soil fertility constraints

Organic matterPhosphorus

PotashIron

ManganeseCupper

ZincSulpherBoron

ParticularsValue (Rs/year)Quantity (kg/year)

TotalPer ha Total Per ha290.65

0.061.570.070.140.020.050.180.01

11684324

63028568

19734

1831.122.67

31.353.30

38.6410.641.897.280.36

7361121072

126021326

155344278758

2928143

Fig.10. Estimated bulk density and Soil Organic Stock

Summary

The value of ecosystem service helps to support investment decision on soil and water conservation and in promoting sustainable land use.

The onsite cost of different soil nutrients lost due to soil erosion is around Rs. 1927 per ha/year. The total cost of annual soil nutrients is around Rs. 774753 per year for the total area of 407.98 ha.

The average value of ecosystem service for food grain production is around Rs. 20159/ ha/year. Per hectare food grain production services is maximum in banana (Rs. 53650) followed by onion (Rs. 6420), sunflower (Rs. 3594) and maize (Rs. 2941) and groundnut is negative returns.

The average value of ecosystem service for fodder production is around Rs. 4289/ ha/year. Per hectare fodder production services is maximum in groundnut (Rs. 6116) and maize (Rs. 2462).

The data on water requirement for producing one quintal of grain is considered for estimating the total value of water required for crop production. The per hectare value of water used was maximum in banana (Rs. 175617) followed by groundnut (Rs. 26177), maize (Rs. 21261), onion (Rs. 16796) and sunflower (Rs. 18579).

The land management practices reported by the farmers are crop rotation, tillage practices, fertilizer application and use of farm yard manure (FYM). Due to higher wages farmers are not practising soil and water conserving measures.

The finding helps in identifying the priority areas for soil and water conservation investment.

Source: NBSS&LUP, Bangalore

Table. 2. Estimation of onsite cost of soil erosion

Fig. 11. Prioritizing Soil and water conservation investments

Maize yield(Kg/ha)

6


World Bank Review Mission Meeting at DoH

The World Bank Review Mission meeting was held on July 29, 2019 in the Mini Meeting hall of Directorate of Horticulture, Department of Horticulture, Lalbagh, Bengaluru with Dr. Prakash M Sobrad, Dr. Grant Milne, Team Leader, Mr. Ranjan Mrs. Banu Settlur from World Bank were present during the meeting.

Smt. Lakshmi D. Raju, Project Coordinator, KWDP-II, Sujala-II I (Horticulture Component) made detail presentation on the Technical, Physical and Financial progress made in the project. Dr Senthil Kumaran from IIHR made a presentation on Special equipments and Mobile vegetable vending van developed by IIHR, Bengaluru and supplied to all the 11 FPOs under the project. The TERI made presentation on rapid Assessment of the project followed by the presentation of IFHD on FPO handholding. Since the project would be ending by December 31, 2019, The exit strategy of the project was also discussed. The team expressed their satisfaction on the progress made in the project and stressed that a good number of positive initiatives and impact vivid in the project need to be captured and reported. Two publications viz., Pest Management Plan for Dry land Horticulture under KWDP-II, Sujala-III (Horticulture Component) and Sujala Sthree Shakti-Women in Sujala Project were brought out by Project Monitoring Cell were released on the occasion.

Export Promotion Interaction Workshop

Turmeric is one of the major horticultural crops of Chamarajnagar district. Turmeric has a vast potential in the domestic market as well as in the export as it has great demand for various purposes across the world. The farmers in the district are facing problems in getting quality inputs, marketing of their produce, fair prices and face exploitation by the middlemen. In order to create awareness among the turmeric growing farmers about the problems being faced and the probable solutions to overcome the problems of the farmers and to promote the export of turmeric, to other countries,

and improve the livelihood of farmers of the region a “Export Promotion Interaction Workshop and Farmers Awareness Meet” was organized in Chamarajnagar in association with Vishweshwariah Trade Promotion Centre, Bengaluru, Department of Industries and Commerce and the Udigala Horticulture Farmer Producers Company, Udigala, Chamarajnagar on July 17, 2019. The focus of the meet was to develop turmeric export business plan for Udigala, HFPO. All the Board of Directors and the President, Udigala HFPO and more than 50 potential turmeric farmers of the HFPO participated in the interactions.

Sapota Field Day at Hirehal village, Gadag district

A field day on Saporta fruit crop was organised in the field of Shri Veerabhadrappa. N Shrigumpi of Shri Basaveshwara Sujala Farmer Interest Group, Hirehal village, Ron taluk, Gadag district on July 15, 2019. All the members of the Shri Basaveshwara Sujala FIG and other farmers from in and around Hirehal village, officers and staff of the district participated in the Field day. Participating farmers were provided with a training manual, a hand book. Ms. Hemavathi Hiregoudar, SMS, KVK, Hulukoti, Gadag was the resource person. She explained about the importance of sapota crop, its economics, integrated water and nutrient management and integrated pest management in sapota crop. A farmer-resource person interaction meeting was arranged between the Sujala project officials and the SMS for the benefit of the farmers.

7

thLRI & Hydrology Progress upto 30 September 2019

Sujala‐III Partners Progress Review meetingth

Partners progress review meeting was held on 6 July, th

26�� August and 11 September 2019 by Project Director, Sujala-III and Commissioner WDD. The physical and financial progress of various components against the agreed targets were reviewed and future plan of action on dissemination activities were discussed.

WDD SUJALA Newsletter

District wise Financial Achievement of pilot Watershed Development projects (Rs. in Lakhs) till Sept 2019

District ProgressNo of MWS

DPR Amount

10

11

2

7

8

8

10

2

13

8

10

89

1252.05

1397.07

131.18

960.01

852.35

1575.45

1100.00

436.27

1705.60

1109.54

943.37

11462.89

1168.04

1041.56

123.15

927.53

803.68

1501.89

1024.30

398.24

1462.69

1056.94

732.37

10240.39

93.29

74.55

93.88

96.62

94.29

95.33

93.12

91.28

85.76

95.26

77.63

89.34

%Sl. No

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

Bidar

Chamarajanagar

Chikmagalur

Davanagere (Now Bellary)

Gadag

Kalburgi

Koppal

Raichur

Tumkur

Vijayapura

Yadgir

Bidar

Chamarajanagar

Chikmagalur

Davanagere

Ballari

Gadag

Kalburgi

Koppala

Raichur

Tumkur

Vijayapura

Yadgir

Total

Total

July-September 2019

01

02

03

04

05

06

NBSS & LUP

UAS-Bangalore

UAS-Dharwad

UAS-Raichur

UHS- Bagalkot

Total

604

420

633

430

229

215

2531

567

420

633

430

229

215

2494

101

75

109

60

46

35

426

89

75

101

49

46

35

395

Achievement Achievement

LRI Atlas Submission

% %Target Target

Partners NameSl.No

UAHS-Shimoga

Hydrology Atlas Submission

%

Progress of Village Level LRI Trainings

Sl. No District

LRI Trainings (MWS) LRI Cards Status

DistributedTarget PrintedAchievement

234

163

129

112

18

299

232

269

214

260

325

279

2534

20.352

11.613

35879

24770

3372

37303

27430

28360

22033

53518

13877

33150

311657

13375

4659

14449

23435

654

25025

26706

17633

16375

46749

9962

16862

215884

200

46

132

102

20

147

207

177

164

165

54

98

1512

The Project cumulative financial progress till Septemer 2019 has reached Rs 349.82 crores (84.78%)

Sl. No

Component TargetAchievement

%

Total

Component wise Financial Progress till Sept 2019 (Rs. in Crores)

01

02

03

Improved Program Integration in Rainfed Areas

Research, Development and Innovation

Institutional Strengthening

HorticultureProject Management and Coordination

122.44

144.92

13.94

till 2018-19 for 2019-20

Cumulative

412.59

04 102.7428.5505

318.30 31.52 349.82

87.96 6.94 94.90

117.82 16.21 134.03

7.35 0.90 08.25

88.46 4.08 92.5416.71 3.39 20.10

Sujala‐III Districts Review meeting

Project Director (Sujala-III) and Commissioner, WDD th

reviewed the progress of project districts on 8 July and rd th 3 August & 11 September 2019. The physical and

financial progress of saturation watersheds, LRI trainings, IGA trainings, etc were reviewed and necessary directions provided to improve the progress.

URL on Digital Library, LRI Portal, DSS and Mobile Applications for feedback

The URL: http://117.198.98.36:2021 for Web and mobile applications developed as part of the Digital Library, Geo Portal and DSS under KWDP-II (Sujala-III) is provided to domain experts and LRI partners for verification and feedback to improve the application.

85

28

102

91

111

49

89

66

77

64

17

35

60

94

100

100

100

100

100

99

88

100

93

82

100

100

93

77.51

92.49

59.18

90.0770.40

84.78

WDD SUJALA Newsletter

8

Sujala‐III Newsletter brought out by Editor‐in‐Chief : Prabhash Chandra Ray, IFS

Project Director (Sujala-III) and Commissioner, WDD

Editor : Prakash Kumar .M Documentation & IGA specialist

Design : Ramesh Agrahara Graphic Designer

WDD Mission:“ To strive towards sustainable agriculture through integrated watershed management approach by conserving natural resources such as soil,water & bio- diversity and adopting improved farm practices that are evolved through participatory process involving both scientific and indigenous knowlege system to empower the rural people to enhance their Livelihood”.About Sujala‐III Project & Newsletter:“Su” is Good & “Jala” is water in vernacular language.An unique World Bank aided project (Credit No 5087-IN) Which provides scientific input in planning & execution for ongoing Prime Minister Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY) [erstwhile Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)] projects, during the period (2013-2019) in the selected 11 districts with the intervention of watershed development, horticulture & livelihood. SUJALA Newsletter is a virtual communication medium among the stakeholders of Karnataka Watershed Development Project-II (SUJALA-III).Watershed Development Department (WDD) invites contributions in the form of news & events,succes stories,progress reports & letters to the editor etc. The material should be short,crisp & concise along with good JPEG photographs to be sent to Right to edit rests with the editors. The views expressed in this [email protected] are of those individuals only & not of WDD.

Documentation CellWatershed Development DepartmentGovernment of KarnatakaBengaluru-560009Tel:080-22122853e-mail:[email protected]:www.watershed.kar.nic.in

Padmaya Naik

Executive Director (I/C)Sujala-III

Field Photos

July-September 2019

World Bank visit to Yadgir DistrictWorld Bank visit to Yadgir District

Skill Up gradation Training to SHGs at VijayapuraSkill Up gradation Training to SHGs at VijayapuraVillage level LRI Training, ChamarajanagarVillage level LRI Training, Chamarajanagar

Secretory, DoLR meeting with World Bank Team of Sujala‐IIISecretory, DoLR meeting with World Bank Team of Sujala‐III

Check Dam at Kalaburgi DistrictCheck Dam at Kalaburgi District Gokatte At Bidar DistrictGokatte At Bidar District

Documents

Watershed Development Department SUJALA-III