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SIBLEY’S
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Waterproof
Key for Symbols
A = average M = maximum
D = deciduous
E = evergreen< smaller than> larger than
Written and illustrated by David Allen Sibley
Common Trees
Cities & Towns
Mid-Atlantic
& Midwest Region
of the
in the
Copyright ©2012 by David Allen Sibley
Published by Steven M. Lewers & AssociatesPO Box 60Wilton, NH 03086(603) 654-7649e-mail: [email protected]
visit www.foldingguides.com
TCM-153
Japanese Flowering CherrySmall spreading trees; many varieties developed
for spectacular spring flowers; some have weeping habit. Very commonly cultivated. None
known to be naturalized.A 20 – 30' M 45' D
Common HorsechestnutAttractive cultivated tree with large dark leaves in summer; spectacular flowers in spring; stout,
upswept twigs in winter. A 60' M 108' D
flowers creamy-white erect clusters 10" tall
large 14" leaves with 7 broad tapered leaflets
fruit a spiny capsule enclosing 2" wide shiny brown nut
Silver MapleLarge tree with wide crown of brittle,
arching and drooping branches. Closely related to Red Maple, but with delicately divided leaves, little or
no red color.A 70' M 138' D
leaves 61⁄2", deeply 5-lobed with large teeth
fruit large, 13⁄4", largest wings of any native maple
greenish-yellow flowers in early spring
Norway MapleMedium to large tree, typically a dense and
well-formed oval of dark green leaves—a classic shade tree.A 60' M 137' D
fruit 1¾”, spreading, recurved wings
broad leaves 5" long, with 5 lobes
purple-leaved cultivated variety common
flowers bright yellow-green in erect clusters
fruit 1" with divergent wings
Red MapleNamed for the strong red tones to virtually all parts of the tree, especially twigs, flowers, and fall leaves. One of the widest latitudinal ranges of any N. American tree.A 70' M 179' D
leaves 4" on red stalk
flowers red to yellow, short-stemmed clusters in early spring
leaves 4½", usually large and broad, coarsely toothed
most cultivars flower in early spring before or with leaves
some cultivars have double flowers with extra petals
Northern CatalpaSmall to medium tree usually upright with twisted trunk thick at base, but tapering quickly. Leaves emerge late in spring and grow slowly, remaining
bright yellow-green after most or all other trees have hardened, dark green leaves.
A 30 – 60' M 107' D
Royal PaulowniaMedium to large tree; sparse stout, upswept twigs and unkempt appearance. Main branches and trunk contorted, with many stout vertical smaller
branches and twigs.A 40 – 60' M 105' D
leaves 8", long stalk
fruit 14”, long slender pod, green turning dark brown
previous year’s growth retains old
brown seed pods; new growth tipped with spikes of light yellow-brown buds
flowers bell-shaped
flowers large but few per cluster (Apr–Jun)
American ElmIts size and graceful
spreading crown made this a popular shade tree before it was decimated
by disease in the mid-1900s. Still common as a small
tree, and some large specimenssurvive in towns and cities.
A 80' M 160' D
fruit hanging in clusters as leaves expand
leaves 5", oval with rough double-toothed edges
Littleleaf LindenLinden wood is lightweight, but strong and
stable; used in model-building and carving and in musical instruments. Commercially
important as an ornamental shade tree. A 60 – 70' M 96' D
leaves small, 2 1⁄2", heart-shaped at base
small greenish-yellow flowers hang below pale leaves
Washington HawthornSmall tree; flowers relatively late and noted for foul smell. Small red fruit ripens in winter.
A 25' D
small white flowers, 1⁄3 –1", in dense clusters
Common AppleWide-spreading with short, stout trunk. Hard wood is used for crafts and firewood. Many edible varieties. Rule of thumb: fruit < 2" is a crab apple; fruit > 2" is an apple.A 30' M 70' D
green or red fruit variable in size to 5"
flowers often profuse and large, about 11⁄4" across
leaves 3", finely toothed, oval
crab apple fruit varies in color, shape, and size, from 1⁄4" to 3⁄4"
Callery PearDistinctive year-round tree with neatly
conical to rounded habit, short trunk. Large whitish winter buds
with showy white flowers in early spring; dense dark summer foliage. A 30' M 59' D
small 2½" rounded leaves
flowers in small round clusters
small ½" fruit on long stiff stalks
Southern HackberrySmall to large spreading tree with broad crown and branches, often drooping. Some small trunks are very warty, while
other large trees retain smooth gray bark. A 60 – 80' M 148' D
leaves 3" with few or no teeth
older trunks develop conspicuous warty knobs
unkempt appearance, with large contorted branches and dense clumps of fine twigs
Flowering Dogwood Small tree with short trunk and oval or spreading crown with relatively sparse leaves arranged in layers. The “flower” is really a cluster of small greenish flowers surrounded by showy white leaves growing at the base. A 15 – 30' M 55' D
AilanthusMedium to large tree typified by open crown with sparse, heavy twigs and very large pinnate leaves. Small trees can be a single unbranched stem. Notable for its tolerance of pollution and other urban conditions and ability to invasively conquer new territory.A 40 – 60' M 89' D
leaves 41⁄2"; veins curve to follow leaf edge
compound leaves 12"; usually 7 leaflets, each 4"
fruit 11⁄2", green to red when ripe, maturing light to dark brown
White AshMedium to large tree with long straight trunk and deeply furrowed bark.
A 50 – 80' M 152' Dmale flowers in dense purple and green clusters
fruit 1⁄2" red berry in compact cluster
some wild trees and cultivated varieties feature pink petals
flower cluster within 4 white petals with notched tips
female trees retain large bunches of straw-colored fruit through winter
leaves very large, 24"; many leaflets, each to 4"
American HollyShrub or small tree, generally upright with short trunk and branches to ground; fairly dense, narrow crown of small, dark green leaves.
A 20 – 40' M 100' E
leaf 31⁄2", oval, stiff, curled, usually with sharp spines at edge
leaves 9", fuzzy, heart-shaped
fruit 1⁄3" berries in small clusters; usually red, sometimes yellow
flowers large, 2", in large upright clusters, in spring before leaves (Apr–May)
fruit 3⁄8 ", in 5-seeded clusters on long stems