Women are the major users of water?

How much time do they spend getting water?

Is water available all year round? How much water do they use for

washing and for cooking? Do they feel it is desirable that

drinking water can be clean and clear?

Are the house and yard clean? Do the woman wash their hands

before handling food?

How do they transport and store water and food?

Water use Practices

2/23/2008 25Understanding Community

Men & Children

Are men aware of the danger of open defecation or poor disposal of human waste

Are the children thought to use latrines at school?

Are the children help with water fetching tasks or food preparation?

2/23/2008 26Understanding Community

Preferences for locating latrines vary widely

Washing practices

Communal or Family activities

Public or communal

Taste of water

Cultural beliefs

2/23/2008 27Understanding Community

Perception of ill-heath

Woman : How often are the children

sick and what remedies are used?

What diseases do they get What explanation does the

mother give for their sickness?

Chidren : Do the children feel that

good hygiene is important or their daily lives?

How do the children look after babies?

2/23/2008 28Understanding Community

Level of literacy

How news spreads in the community?

Communication channels are different for men, woman, and children

2/23/2008 29Understanding Community

Woman

How do new ideas reach the woman of the community?

Are health care workers presently making home visit?

Are health worker available to give messages at clinics?

Where do woman meet?

2/23/2008 30Understanding Community

Children

They are enthusiastic learners and can carry new ideas into the home

Even message for pre-school children

Are there other places to reach children besides schools?

Child learns defecation and hygiene practices from the mother, brothers and sisters

2/23/2008 31Understanding Community

Men

Men meet formally on :

Work communities

Community meetings

Religious ceremonies

Political meetings

2/23/2008 32Understanding Community

Developing the Program of change

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 33

Community attitude to personal hygiene will vary

“ We don’t think it’s anything to worry about”

“ It’s a problem, but it God’s will”

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 34

Five important decisions to make

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 35

Community support

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 36

Message

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 37

Germ Theory

Masyarakat tidak percayabahwa penyakit disebabkanoleh kuman penyakit

Lebih percaya jika kebersihanakan lebih mendekatkan diri keTuhan (Kebersihan sebagiandari iman)

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 38

Source Protection & wearing shoesSource protection : mudahditerima oleh masyarakat

Menggunakan alas kaki untukmencegah kontak denganhookworm SULITmasyarakat tidak mampu

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 39

Membuat Latrine dengandesain khusus

Di beberapa daerah mencucitangan menggunakan debudibandingkan dengan sabun

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 40

Priority AudienceDi beberapa daerah, suamimenganggap bahwa masalahsanitasi bukan urusan mereka

Perempuan /istri menjadiprioritas

Anak-anak merupakan prioritaslain

Meminta bantuan guru di sekolah

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 41

Media Diskusi dengan tenaga

lokal, media apa yang efektif?

Pamflet daripemerintah sebagianbesar perempuan tidakbisa membaca

Menggunakan gambarakan lebih efektif

Pertemuan khusus Klinik (posyandu)

Arisan

Pengajian

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 42

Media lainnya

Slide yang komunikatifakan lebih efektif

Program radio

Cassette recorders

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 43

Sekolah

Walaupun sekolahsangat efektif bebanguru berat

Memisahkan anggaranuntuk membangunfasilitas sanitasidisekolah

Menyediakan materisanitasi untuk guru

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 44

Sekolah

Murid membentukkelompok untukmembersihkan toilet dan memberikanpenerangan ke teman-temannya

Pelaksanaan disekolahtetap didampingi olehmis. Dinas kesahatan

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 45

Summary

Pamflet

Teaching material

Water supply and sanitation facilities at school

Radio broadcasts of songs and plays about hygiene

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 46

Support by various institutions

Dinas pendidikan : pendidikan kesehatan

Dinas kesehatan : keterlibatan kliniksetempat (puskesmas)

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 47

IMPROVE HEALTH

REMEMBER THE PRIMARY GOAL OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

PROJECTS

Developing the Program of change 2/23/2008 48