Water Treatment System Design for Cinnamon Creek Campground

Nomads Engineering:Achit-Erdene Gankhuyag

Cuyler FrisbyKevin Wagner

Problem Statement

• The two springs which provide water for the Cinnamon Creek Camp were shown by the Environmental Protection Agency to be under the influence of surface water and at moderate risk for contamination.

Proposed Solution

• We propose implementing a system to filter, disinfect and monitor the water. A combination of solar panels and hydroelectric turbines will generate electricity to power the system.

Design Challenges

• Water Treatment (Filtration & Disinfection)• Monitoring & Reporting• Power Generation

Existing Raw Water Quality

• According to the most recent data available (2010):

• The pH, turbidity, and total dissolved solids levels are such that this water is treatable through conventional methods.

  pH (pH)

Turbidity

(NTU)

Total Dissolved

Solids (mg/l)

Temperature

(F)

Spring #1 7.6 0.05 184 50

Spring #2 7.5 0.15 248 50

Water Treatment

• Through a combination of filtration and disinfection, a 3-log removal of Giardia and 4-log removal of viruses will be achieved, in compliance with Utah Department of Drinking Water standards.

Filtration

• To meet the Giardia requirement, a Graver Technologies QMA series direct cartridge filter will be used.

• Because prefiltration is required for this filter, two filters will be used in series: a 20-micron filter followed by a 5-micron filter.

• Provides 2.5-log removal of Giardia.• The additional 0.5-log removal will be provided through

chlorine disinfection

Disinfection

• Disinfection using a liquid solution of sodium hypochlorite will be used to achieve the necessary 4-log removal of viruses as well as the additional 0.5-log removal of Giardia.

• A 45MHP 2 chlorine injector, manufactured by Stenner, was used in the proposed system.

• In order to achieve the required 4-log removal of viruses, a Concentration-Time (CT) value of 12 is required.

Monitoring

• The project also includes the installation of equipment to monitor and report the following on a daily basis as required by Utah Administrative Code:– turbidity – chlorine residual– pH– Temperature– volume of water treated

Hach SC200 Controller

Monitoring Equipment

Free Chlorine & pH – Hach CLF10 SC200

Turbidity - Hach 1720E SC200

Power Generation

• Given the geography of the project site, harnessing the hydraulic energy of the water will be possible.

Hydroelectric Power Generation• Considering the given physical parameters of the site, the

power available from elevation head of water was calculated. The power from elevation head of water can be expressed as:

Spring Flow (q) [m3/s] Head (h) [m] Power (P) [watts]

#1 0.0034 39 910

#2 0.0059 13 550

P = ρ q g h e  where

P = power available (Watts)ρ = density (kg/m3) (~ 1000 kg/m3 for water)q = water flow (m3/s)g = acceleration of gravity (9.81 m/s2)h = head (m)e = efficiency of turbine (assume 70%, 0.7)

Pelton Turbines

• After extensive research into small hydroelectric turbines, it was decided that a Pelton-type turbine would best fit the site.

• Pictured turbine is manufactured by PowerSpout

Power Generation

• Solar panels will be used as a backup power source.• A distinct advantage of a system with both water turbines

and solar panels would be that such a system plays to the advantage of each technology

Cost EstimationCategory Product Name Quantity Per Spring Unit Cost Total Cost

Filtration Prefilter - Graver Tech. 20 Micron 1 1,000.00$ 1,000.00$ Filter - Graver Tech. 5 Micron 1 1,000.00$ 1,000.00$

Disinfection Chlorinator - 45MHP 2 Stenner w/15 gal tank 1 500.00$ 500.00$ Monitoring Turbidimeter – Hach 1720E w/ SC 200 controller 1 2,700.00$ 2,700.00$

Chlorimeter – Hach CLF10 w/ SC 200 controller and pH monitor 1 4,700.00$ 4,700.00$ Autodialer - either phone line, cellular, satellite or radio 1 700.00$ 700.00$

Power Generation Hydro Turbine – PowerSpout Hydro Turbine ME – MPPT Enabled 1 2,200.00$ 2,200.00$ Inverter 1 1,100.00$ 1,100.00$ Charge Controller 1 600.00$ 600.00$ Battery Bank 1 1,500.00$ 1,500.00$ Solar Panels - 500 watts 1 1,200.00$ 1,200.00$

Total Per Spring: 17,200.00$ Piping - At $25/foot installed 550 25.00$ 13,750.00$

Installation: 17,200.00$ Overall Total: 96,300.00$

Process Diagram

Thank You