Water Spain Clil Netherlands Meeting COMENIUS

8/10/2019 Water Spain Clil Netherlands Meeting COMENIUS

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Green Skills for Global ChangeComenius ProjectSpain presentation for the Netherlands Meeting January 2015IES Santa Clara H School, Santander City. Cantabria Spain


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AN ACTION AGENDA FORSUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

Report for the UN Secretary-

general 2014


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Ten Priority Challenges of Sustainable

Development

1. End extreme poverty including hunger

2. Promote Economic Growth and Decent Jobs

within planetary boundaries

3. Ensure Effective Learning for All Children andYouth for Life and Livelihood

4. Achieve Gender Equality, Social Inclusion, and

Human Rights for All

5. Achieve Health and Wellbeing at All Ages


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Priority Challenges of Sustainable Development

6. Improve Agriculture Systems and Raise Rural Prosperity

7. Empower Inclusive, Productive, and Resilient Cities

8. Curb Human Induced Climate Change and Ensure Clean

Energy for All

9. Secure Biodiversity and Ensure Good Management of

Water, Oceans, Forests, and NaturalResources

10. Transform Governance and Technologies for Sustainable

Development


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Nansa RiverA sustainable programme has being implemented all along Nansa riverin Cantabria


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GOAL 9: SECURE BIODIVERSITY AND ENSURE GOODMANAGEMENT OF WATER, OCEANS, FORESTS, AND

NATURAL RESOURCES


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Recover andSustainSome old river mills are lost,

ruined, nobody seems to valuethe local cultural heritage

Also we have to care for

biodiversity


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Biodiversity, marine and terrestrial ecosystemsof local, regional, and global significance are

inventoried, managed, and monitored to

ensure the continuation

of resilient and adaptive life support systemsand to support sustainable development.

Water, oceans, forests, and other natural

resources are managed

Sustainably and transparently to support

inclusive economic and human development.


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Wetlands takecare of waterFebruary 2

Wetlands World Day


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Target 9a. Ensure resilient and productive ecosystems

by adopting policiesAnd legislation that address drivers of ecosystem

degradation,and requiring

individuals, businesses and governments to pay the

social cost of pollutionand use of environmental services


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Water is our primary source for lifeOld fishing traditions in Cantabria became a cultural treasure as is thepopular traineras competion, celebrated all along Cantabrian coast inNorthern Spain regions from East to West


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Target9b. arrangements to inventory,

monitor, and protect biomes and

environmental commons of regional

and global

significance and curb trans-boundaryenvironmental Participate in and

support regional and global harms, with

robust systems

in place no later than 2020.


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Climate Change Real new global risksPolar ice melting will induce very important changes on the climateand water levels and temperatures over the oceans


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Target9c. All governments and businesses commit to the

sustainable, integrated, and transparent management

of water, agricultural land, forests, fisheries, mining,

andhydrocarbon resources to support inclusive economicdevelopment and the achievement of all SDGs


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international division of labor has had serious socio-ecological and cultural implications, and it tends to

increase and accelerate transformation processes of natureand, along with them, accumulation by dispossession

(Harvey, 2003).

Land grabbing has expanded globally: a process that allows

control not only of the land, but also all natural resourcescontained within it.

For this reason, some authors point out processes of blue

grabbing (water) and green grabbing (forest/biodiversity

conservation) as well (Borras et al., 2012).


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http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/inseparable/en/farmed-eu

Fish farmed in the EU: a healthy, fresh and local alternative

We all know that fish is packed with protein, its good for the heartand a rich source of vitamins and nutrients. At the same time, it isno secret that we are overfishing our seas, and are putting our fish

stocks in danger.

Fish farming, or aquaculture, can help to relieve this burden onwild fishes when it comes to satisfying our ever growing demand for

fish both in the EU and worldwide. One of the world's fastestgrowing food sectors, fish farming accounts for about half of the

fish eaten worldwide every year with that figure on the rise. Simply

put, without aquaculture there would not be enough fish to feed the

world population. This would mean having to take more fish fromour seas and jeopardising the long term sustainability of our wild

fish stocks.


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AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION DATA :

WORLD AND EU

http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/images/aquaculture/aquaculture-infographics_en.pdf


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Farmed fish is local fish

On top of providing us with good quality protein for our

diet, aquaculture products are local and can help todevelop our local economies. In the EU we currently

import 68% of the seafood we eat and only 10% of our

consumption is farmed here. More than 80,000 people

are already directly employed in European aquaculture,and this figure is expected to grow as more and more of

our seafood is provided by EU fish farmers. Through its

newly reformed fisheries policy and targeted financial

support, the European Union will support the sector'sgrowth, create more job opportunities, and make sure that

all farmed fish produced in Europe continues to be high

quality, healthy, and sustainable seafood.


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How fish farming works

Aquaculture means farming of marine food and

includes the cultivation of freshwater and marineanimals, as well as, more recently, different types of

algae. Practised across Europe, it produces many species

of fish, shellfish, crustaceans and algae. A range of

different farming methods are being used fort that -including traditional ones such as ropes, nets, and tanks,

or more sophisticated ones like water recirculation

systems. Around half of the EU's production stems from

shellfish, with mussels and oysters being the mostpopular, whilst marine fish such as salmon, seabream

and seabass, make up about another quarter of

production. Freshwater fish such as trout and carp make

up about another fifth.


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Just like in agriculture, the first priorities remain producing

healthy food for consumers as well as protecting the welfare of the

animals and respecting the environment. Fish farmers depend on

clean water and sanitary living conditions. In many cases, the fishor shellfish can find the nutrients that they need in theenvironment but where necessary, the farmers provide additional

feed to ensure a balanced and healthy diet. All of this is done in

adherence to the strict European environmental and consumerprotection standards so that fish farmed in the EU is sustainable,

fresh, safe, locally farmed and easily traceable.


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AQUACULTURE

CLASS : AN EU KIT

How to develop it in ourclassroom

https://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/

inseparable/sites/inseparable/

files/

AquaC_schoolpj_EN_final2.pdf


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A study visit to El Bocal Station Aquaculture Research Centerhttp://ieo-santander.net/bocal2.php


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Most water experts consider that good governance of

water resources demands an INTEGRATED WATER

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (IWRM).

The definition of IWRM may vary from author to author

but most of them consider that it requires equilibrium

between the data or values coming from natural sciences

and those coming from social sciences.


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Spain. The Water conflicts Saragossa October 2002


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Water inSpain. Clamorous social conflicts Valencia 2003

This situation forbids water mid and long term planning


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The advances of Science and Technology may help to solve many

of the current issues or conflicts related to water and food scarcity

(or security).

But the technological-fix is not enough. The main

obstacles for the implementation of these advances are of

ethical nature. They are related to a mix of ignorance,

professional bias, neglect, lack of solidarity, andcorruption. The proportion of the mix varies from

country to country.


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The utilitarian values are usually metrificable, they may be quantified in

volumes of water, money or jobs, for instance. The intangible values are

not usually easily quantified, although more and more scientists aretrying to do it.

This means that both values metrificable and non-metrificable have to

be considered if good water governance is the goal.

The intangible values are usually non-quantitative but it does not meanthat are less important.


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THE SPANISH EXAMPLEWATER UTILITARIAN VALUES METRIFICATION

Blue water consumptive uses and socio-economic values

associated


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Activity Consumptive use

(10/9 m3)GDP (10/9 Euro) Workforce %

Agriculture &livestock

75 % 3 % 4

Industry 5 % 16 % 17Urban uses 12 % 0.5 % 1

Services( excl.tourism)

4 % 60 % 67

Tourism & golfcourses

4 % 11 % 11

Bottled waters _ % 0.2 % 0.1

TOTAL 20 (100%) 900 ( 100%) 100

SIGNIFICANT INTANGIBLE WATER VALUES IN SPAIN


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SIGNIFICANT INTANGIBLE WATER VALUES IN SPAIN

1 Pervasive HYDROCENTRISM.

Exaggerated nexus of water and GDP and the consequent inter-regional

water conflicts.

2 General acceptation of usual perverse subsidies, mainly in agriculture.

3 Intensive groundwater development revolution in the last fivedecades.

4 Chaotic situation of groundwater management due mainly

inappropriate regulation.

5 Great leverage of farmers lobbies.

6 Economic failure of the Spanish desalination plants program.


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From Water Wars to Water Scarcity:

Bolivias Cautionary Tale


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PRIVATE OR

PUBLIC ?

Since the 2000 Water Wars,

Bolivia has faced even greater

water challenges: how to develop

successful alternative models to

water privatization, and how to

combat water scarcity.


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When Bolivian President Evo Morales arrived at the new Uyuni airport last

August and found no water running from the tap, he publicly reprimanded

and promptly dismissed his Minister of Water. As it happened, the pipes

were merely frozen. The incident underscores the criticaland highlysymbolicrole of water in the politics of this landlocked Andean nation.

In April 2000, a popular struggle against water privatization in

Cochabamba, Bolivias third largest city, ignited a chain of events that

profoundly altered the nations political landscape.


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The Water War was precipitated when SEMAPA, Cochabambas

municipal water company, was sold to a transnational consortium

controlled by U.S.-based Bechtel in exchange for debt relief for the

Bolivian government and new World Bank loans to expand thewater system.

A new law allowed Bechtel to administer water resources that

SEMAPA did not even control, including the communal water

systems prevalent in the ever-expanding southern periphery and inthe countryside, which had never been hooked into the grid.

Local farmer-irrigators feared that even the rain collected and

distributed for centuries by their associations would fall within

Bechtels grasp.


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These concerns, along with a 50% average increase in water rates for

SEMAPA customers, prompted the formation of a broad alliance of

farmers, factory workers, rural and urban water committees,

neighborhood organizations, students, and middleclass professionalsin opposition to water privatization. They were joined by the militant

federation of coca growers from the Chapare, led by then labor leader

Evo Morales, who lent his considerable expertise in organizing civic

strikes, road blockades, and massive popular assemblies. Eventually,

Bechtel was forced to abrogate its contract, return SEMAPA to publiccontrol, and withdraw its legal claim against the Bolivian government

for $50 million in compensation.


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This iconic struggle crystallized a growing demand for popular

control of Bolivias natural resources, leading to the Gas Wars of

2003 and 2005, the overthrow of two neoliberal presidents, and

the subsequent election of Evo Morales and the MAS (MovementTowards Socialism) party as a government of the social

movements. A second water revoltthis time by neighborhood

organizations in the sprawling indigenous city of El Altoousted

the French multinational Suez company from the recently-

privatized La Paz-El Alto water district. Bolivias new constitution,enacted in 2009, proclaims that access to water is a human right

and bans its privatization.


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Outside Bolivia, the Water War helped to inspire a worldwideanti-globalization movement and

. TheBolivian government led the successful drive for UN recognition

of water and sanitation as a human right in 2010 and is in the

forefront of a new international campaign for a UN declarationagainst water privatization


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On the domestic front, as water-justice advocates look to Bolivia for

successful alternative models to privatization, the implementation of

these hard-wonwater rights has proved to be a significant challenge.


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Climate change and extreme weather events have added a

new and urgent dimension to Bolivias water challenges, both urban and

rural. In recent years, droughts have increasingly undermined the water

systems and agricultural economies of rural communities, while

displacing their populations to precarious urban zones where torrentialrains and floods overwhelm existing water and sanitation infrastructure.


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Retreating tropical glaciers are diminishing freshwater resources not

only for small highland communities, but for the urban populations of

El Alto and La Paz, who rely on glacial melt as a major source of

drinking water.Water levels in Lake Titicaca, which some 2.6 millionpeople depend on, are reportedly at their lowest levels since 1949.


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Cantabria (Spain) : Local sustainability actionsHeritage and Territory Program

The Fundacin Botn Heritage and Territory Program

promotes rural development, based on a model of

comprehensive and sustainable growth in a particular territory

Cantabria: Nansa Valley and Pearrubia, dealing with dynamizisation of the social fabric of the

valley, fostering econimic efforts and to stop the process of depopulation.


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Cantabria and the anchovies industrySantoa is one of the most important fishing ports in the coast,but is also the most important industrial center for anchovies

business


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Water as vitalresourceCantabria is not really an

arid regionBut water is scarce, mainly

in the summer time


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The main problems regarding water resources management andecosystem conservation in Cantabria, a small mountainous region

in the humid zone of Spain, are presented, together with the

selected solution, which tries to integrate river habitat conservation

with water consumption needs. The selected alternative consists of a

combination of two measures: pumping water from the coastalbasins to a large reservoir during the winter, and back in the dry

season; and taking profit of daily available flowing resources,

bearing in mind maintenance discharges. A main distributionbranch, colloquially named Water Highway of Cantabria, connects

the available sources with the demand nodes. It is extremelyimportant to apply a maintenance discharge regime in the different

river reaches, in order to optimize the outcome of the whole System.

Ri d d f C b i


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Rivers and dams of Cantabria


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W d


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Water under pressure


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Sustainability a key issue for human

and animal lifeOld traditional ways of energy use, all kinds of life and natural andcultural resources are our only real treasures. Let us work to get themalive


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From conservation to coexistenceA vision ahead of its time


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CLIL L


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CLIL Lesson

Thanks for your interest and attention

Spain teachers team


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Documents

Water Spain Clil Netherlands Meeting COMENIUS