WaterSoluble

Vitamins

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)1. Helps in the release of energy from

carbohydrate in food2. Required for the functioning of

nerves

Vitamin B1 Deficiency• Prolonged deficiency can

result in the disease beri-beri.

• Swelling of legs• Weakness• Heart enlarges• Loss of appetite• Irritability• Nervous tingling throughout

the body• Poor arm and leg co-

ordination• Deep muscle pain in the

calves.© 1999 Wadsdworth Publishing Company

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)1. Helps in the release of energy from

carbohydrate in food2. Helps in the normal growth and

development

Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

Vitamin B2 Deficiency1. Failure to grow.2. Skin lesions, dermatitis (skin disorder) and

conjuctivitis (disorder of the outer membrane of the eye).

3. Tongue may swell, mouth and lips become sore.

© Oxford University Press 1998

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)1. Helps in the release of energy from

carbohydrate in food2. Helps enzymes to function properly

Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

Niacin results in the disease pellagra, which has these symtoms:

© 1999 Wadsdworth Publishing Company

•Dermatitis, especially on the skin that is exposed to the sun. •Dementia, loss of memory, confusion, depression •Diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, loose frequent stools.

Vitamin B3 Deficiency

© Oxford University Press 1998

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)1. Helps in the release of energy from

carbohydrate in food2. Helps to maintain a healthy nervous

system3. Helps to fight infection

Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

Vitamin B6 Deficiency & OverdoseDeficiencyDiarrhoeaSkin disorders

OverdoseNerve damage

Vitamin B9 (Folate)1. Important for releasing energy from

amino acids (protein) in food2. Plays an important role in the

manufacturing of new cells and genetic materials

3. Works with vitamins B12 and iron to from red blood cells

Sec 3E/ Food & Nutrition/ Ms Michelle Ng

Folate Deficiency• Neural tube defects:

Malformation of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development.

• A baby with spina bifida, a form of neural tube defect associated with poor folate status early in pregnancy.

Folate Deficiency

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)1. Required for the normal production

of amino acids2. Helps to maintain enzyme systems3. Assists in manufacturing red blood

cells

Vitamin B12 DefciencyAnaemia