Water Quality Tables

7/27/2019 Water Quality Tables

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Table 8.11. Average Water Quality Standards for Process waters for

Certain Important industries

Turbidity Colour Hardness Alkalinity pH Total Fe and Other properties,

S.Industry on silica on expressed in mg/l ualue dissolued Mnin and remarks

No. scale cobalt in mgllassolids in mg/l ifany

scale CaC03 mgll

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

l. Baking 10 10 ... ... ... ... 0.5 Some hardness is desirable; other

properties conforming' to standards

for potable waters

Ca e 100-500 ;csso, = 100-500

2. Brewing Odour = Low ; other properties

(i) light 10 ... ... 75 6.5-7 500 0.1 confirming to standards of potable

(ii) dark 10 ... ... 150 7.0 1000 0.1 waters

3. Canning

(i) General 10 ... ... ... ... ... 0.2 Other properties confuming tostandards of potable waters

(ii) Legumes 10 ... 25-75 ... .,. ... 0.2 "

4. Carbonated beverages 2 10 - 50 ... 850 0.3 "

5. Confectionary ... ... 250 ... ... 100 0.2 "

6. Ice making 1-5 ... 50 30-50 ... 300 0.2 "

7. Laundering ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.2 ..Contd ...

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Table 8.11 Continues

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Turbidity Colour Hardness Alkalinity pH Total Fe and Other properties,

S.Industry on silica on expressed in mg/l value dissolved Mnin and remarks

No. scale cobalt in mg l lassolids in mg/l irany

scale CaC03 mg/l(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

8. Clean plastics 2 2 50 ... ... 200 0.02 Other properties confirming to

standards of potable waters

9. Pulp and paper ...

(((ii(iviiii)))) LGKSiorrgoadhufattnd&papswueolrpohdite 5210555 2110505

11150080000 ............ ............ 322.000..000 0001....2110 """"10. R((iaiiy))oPMnroa(dnvuuicfsatcicootsnuer)e 0-.3 -5 585 5..0. 7.8.-..8.3 ......

000...0225 """

11. Tanning 20 1-100 55-135 133 8.0 ... "

12. Textiles

(((ii(iiviii)))) CGDWoeyotnetoeoinlrnagslcboaunrdinagge .555., 5-2752000 50-

222100035 ............ ............ ............ 001.....2.205 """"

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Table 8.9. WHO's Latest Standard Guidelines for Potable Waters

(1984 guidelines as modified in 1993)

,

Organism Unit Guideline oalue Remarks

(1) (2, (3) (4)

(1) Microbiological Quality

APiped water supplied

IAl Treated water entering the distribution system

fecal coliforms number/IOO ml 0 turbidity < 1 NTU ; for disinfection with

Icoliform organisms

chlorine, pH preferably < 8.0 ;

number/IOO ml 0 free chlorine residual 0.2-0.5 mg/litre

IA2 Untreated water entering the distribution system

following 30 minutes (minimum) contact

I fecal coliforms I

numberllOO ml 0number/lOO ml 0 in 98% of I coliform organisms samples examined throughout

the year-in the case of large supplies

when sufficient samples are examined

I coliform organisms number 100 ml 3 in an occasional sample, but not in con-

I secutive samples

IA3 Water in the distribution systemI fecal coliforms I number/IOO ml 0

I coliform organisms number/IOO ml 0 in 95% of samples examined

throughout

the year-in the case of large supplies

I when sufficient samples are examined


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Table 8.9 continues

(1) I (2) (3) (4)

coliform organisms number/100 ml 3 in an occasional sample, but not in

consecutive

samples

IB. Unpiped water supplies

I fecal coliforms number/100 ml 0 Icoliform organisms number/100 ml 10

should not occur repeatedly; if occurrence

is frequent and if sanitary protection can-

I not be improved, an alternative source

I must be found if possible

C.Bottled drinking-water

fecal coliforms numberllOO ml 0 source should be free from fecal

contamination

coliform organisms numberllOO ml 0

D. Emergency water supplies

fecal coliforms numberllOO ml 0 advise public to boil water in case of

failure to meet guideline values

Coliform organisms number/100 ml 0

Enteroviruses - no guideline value set I(2) BIological Quality

protozoa (pathogenic) - no guideline value set

I helminths (pathogenic) - no guideline value set

I free-living organisms - no guideline value set

Table 8.9 continues

(1) (2) (4)

mgll


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mg/l

mgll

mgll

mgll

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

(3)

0.005

0.01

no guideline value set

0.7no guideline value set

0.3

0.003

0.05

0.07

1.5no health-related guideline

value set

natural or deliberately added ; local or

climatic conditions may necessitate adaptation

I !!

(3) Inorgonic Constituents of Health Significance

Antimony I mg/l


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Arsenic I mg/l

Asbestos

Barium

Beryllium

Boron

Cadmium

Chromium

Cyanide as CN

Fluoride

Hardness

0.01

0.001

0.02

11.3

0.91

0.01no guideline value set



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Table 8.9 continues

(1) (4)

tetrachloroethene''

trichloroethene"

2,4,6-trichlorophenol

trihalomethanes

(2)

~g/l

~g/l

~g/l

(3)

10"

30"

10'" c


tentative guideline value"

tentative guideline valueb

, odour threshold concentration, 0.1 ~g/l I see chloroform

a These guideline values were computed from a conservative hypothetical

mathematical model which cannot be experimentally

verified and values should therefore be interpreted differently. Uncertainties

involved may amount to two orders of magnitude (i.e.,

from 0.1 to 10 times the number).

b When the available carcinogenicity data did not support a guideline value, but

the compounds were judged to be of importance in

drinking-water and guidance was considered essential, a tentative guideline

value was set on the basis of the available health-related


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I data.

C May be detectable by taste and odour at lower concentrations.

d These compounds were previously known as l,l-dichloroethylene,

tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene respectively.

I (5)Parameters controlling Aesthatic Quality of Potable Waters

Aluminium

Ammonia

Chloride

. Chlorobenzenes and

. Chlorophenols

Colour

Copper

I Detergents

mg/l

mg/l

mg/ltrue colour units (TCU)

mg/l

0.2

1.5

250

no guideline value set15

1.0


these compounds may affect taste and

odour

there should not be any foaming or taste

and odour problems


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Table 8.9 continues

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Hardness mgll (as CaC03) 500

Hydrogen sulfide - not detectable by consumers

Iron mgll 0.3

I Manganese mgll 0.1

Oxygen-dissolved - no guideline value setpHpreferably < 8.0 6.5-8.5

Sodium mgll 200

Solids--total dissolved mgll 1000

Sulfate mgll 250

Taste and odour - inoffensive to most consumers

Temperature - no guideline value set

Turbidity nephelometric turbidity 5 preferably < 1 for disinfection efficiency

units (NTU)

Zinc mgll 3.0

(6) Radioactive Constituents

Gross alpha activity Bq/l* 0.1 (a) If the levels are exceeded, more

Gross beta activity Bq/l* 1 detailed radionuc1ide analysis may be

necessary. (b) Higher levels do not necessarily

imply that the water is unsuitable

for human consumption


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Table 8.10. Indian Standard Drinking Water Specifications (IS 10500 :

1991)

,---------

I

S. Substance or Requirement Undesirable Effect Outside Permissible Remarks

No. Characteristic (Desirable Limit) the Desirable Limit Limit in the

I

Absence of

Alternate Source

--

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5\ (6)

(1) Essential Characteristics

(i) Colour, Hazen units, Max 5 Above 5, consumer acceptance 25 Extended to

25 only if toxic

decreases substances are not suspected,

in absence of alternate sources(ii) Odour Unobjectionable - - (a) Test cold and when heated

(b) Test at several dilutions

(iii) Taste Agreeable - - Test to be conducted only after

safety has been established I

(iv) Turbidity, NTU,Max 5 Above 5, consumer acceptance decreases 10 - -1

(v)pH value 6.5 to 8.5 Beyound this range, the water No relaxation -I will affect the mucous

membrane and/or water supp-

ly system I

(vi) Total hardness (as CaC03) 300 Encrustation in water supply 600 - mg/l,Max

structure and adverse effects J

on domestic use

Contd ...


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Table 8.10 continues

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

(xxi) Selenium (as Se), mgll,Max 0.01 Beyond this, the water be- No relaxation

To be tested when pollution is

comes toxic suspected


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(xxii) Arsenic (as As), mgfl, Max 0.01* Beyond this, the water be- No

relaxation To be tested when pollution is

comes toxic suspected

(xxiii) Cyanide (as CN), mgll, Max 0.05 Beyond this limit, the water No


becomes toxic suspected

(xxiv) Lead (as Pb), mgll, Max 0.05 Beyond this limit, the water No relaxation

To be tested when pollubecomes

toxic tionlplumbosolvency is

suspected

(xxv) Zinc (as Zn), mgll, Max 5 Beyond this limit, it can cause 15 To be tested

when pollution is

astringent taste and an suspected

opalescence in water

(xxvi) Anionic detergents (as MBAS) 0.2 Beyond this limit, it can cause 1.0 To

be tested when pollution ismgll,Max a light froth in water suspected

(xxvii) Chromium (as Cr6+) mgfl, Max 0.05 May be carcinogenic above No


this limit suspected

(xxviii) Polynuclear aromatic hydro- - May be carcinogenic - -

carbons (asPAR) gfl,Max(xxix) Mineral oil mgfl, Max 0.01 Beyond this limit, undesirable 0.03 To be

tested when pollution is

taste and odour afterchlorina- suspected

tion take place

*Amended from 0.05 mg/l (i.e. 50 ppb) to 0.01 mg/l (i.e. 10 ppb) vide

amendment made in Sept. 2003. Contd ...

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