Water Quality of Rivers at Interstate Borders

Water Quality of Rivers at Interstate Borders

CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD

(Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Govt. of India)

‘Parivesh Bhawan’, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi – 110032 Website: www.cpcb.nic.in

e-mail: [email protected]

INTERSTATE RIVER BOUNDARY MONITORING PROGARMME

SERIES: IRBM/01/2015

DEDICATED TEAM

Overall Supervision Dr. A.B.Akolkar Member Secretary

and Co-ordination Sh. R.M. Bhardwaj Scientist ‘D’

Sh. A K Sinha Scientist ‘D’

Report Preparation Sh. A K Sinha Scientist ‘D’

Sh. Vishal Gandhi Scientist ‘C’

Sh. Jitendra Kr Vimal Senior Research Fellow

Ms. Himani Ravish Project Trainee

Data Entry Sh. R.D.Swami Data Entry Operator

Dedicated Monitoring and Inspection team

Team from ZO Lucknow Sh. P.K.Mishra, Scientist ‘E’

Dr. D.K. Soni Scientist ‘D’

Sh. J.P.Meena Scientist ‘C’

Dr.H.P.S.Rathore Scientist ‘C’

Sh A.K.Tripathi, SSA

Team from ZO Bhopal

Sh. R.S.Kori Scientist ‘E’

Sh. P. Jagan, Scientist ‘C’

Sh. Anil Rawat, SSA

Dr.Y.K.Saxena, SSA

Dr.Anoop Chaturvedi, JSA

Sh. Sunil Kolhtkar, JLA

Team from ZO Vadodara Sh. B. R Naidu Scientist ‘E’

Sh. Shashikant Lokhande Scientist ‘D’

Sh. Amit R. Thakkar Scientist ‘C’

Sh. N. Semwal SSA

Sh. T.K. Parmar SLA

Team from ZO Kolkata Sh. R.K.Saxena Scientist ‘D’

Dr Rita Shah Scientist ‘D’

Team from ZO Bangalore Sh. S. Suresh Scientist ‘D’

Sh. V. Pattusami Scientist ‘E’

Team from ZO Shilong Sh. Z. Changson Scientist ‘D’

Table of Contents

Chapter No.

Chapter Name Page No.

1. Introduction 1-5

2. Interstate River Boundary Monitoring Network 6-9

3. Methodology 10

4. Water Quality of Rivers 11-19

5. Status of Water Quality 20-24

6. Assessment of Water Quality at Interstate Points 25-31

7. Water Quality Trend 32-128

8. Conclusion 129

9. Action Taken 130-132

10. Recommendations 133

List of Tables and Graphs

S. No. Table/Graph Name Page No.

Table 1 Major Interstate Water Disputes in India 4

Table 2 Disputed Interstate Rivers and States Sharing the

River Boundaries

4

Table 3 List of Water Quality Monitoring Locations at

Interstate Boundaries

6-9

Table 4 State Wise Distribution of Monitoring Stations 9

Table 5 Statistical Summary of Water Quality Data 16-19

Table 6 Observed Range of Water Quality Parameters 20-24

Table 7 Prescribed Standard for BOD, DO, TDS and TC 25

Table 8 Profile of Water Quality for Last Four Years 37-31

Pie Chart 1 Percentage Wise Variation in BOD Values 25

Pie Chart 2 Percentage Wise Variation in DO Values 26

Pie Chart 3 Percentage Wise Variation in TDS Values 26

Pie Chart 4 Percentage Wise Variation in TC Values 27

Graphs Water Quality Trend 32-128

1

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Availability of Water Resources

The availability and the quality of the fresh water resources is the most pressing of the many

environmental challenges on the national horizon in India. The stress on water resources is

from multiple sources and the impacts can take diverse forms. Geometric increase in

population coupled with rapid urbanization, industrialization and agricultural development

has resulted in high impact on quality and quantity of water in India. The urban population

has increased almost 11 fold in last 100 year period from 26 million to 285 million.

Unregulated growth of urban areas, particularly over the last two decades, without

infrastructural services for proper collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of

domestic wastes led to increased pollution & health hazards. The municipalities and such

other civic authorities have not been able to cope up with this massive task which could be

due to various reasons including erosion of authority, inability to raise revenues and

inadequate managerial capabilities. That is why it became necessary to launch the Ganga

Action Plan and subsequently the National River Action Plan, which is essentially addressed

to the task of trapping, diversion and treatment of municipal waste water. The situation

warrants immediate redressal through radically improved water resource and water quality

management strategies.

Depletion of available freshwater resources, falling ground water levels and deteriorating

water quality are all posing a variety of challenges in managing India’s water resources.

Competing demands from the needs of a growing population are quite often leading towards

disputes among users. The per capita water availability in India is raising concerns.

By the increase in population by the end of 21st century, the per capita availability is likely to

drop below 1000 cubic meters a situation labeled as water scarcity. From the East to the West

and from the North to the South, water has defined life in the Indian subcontinent for

thousands of years. On an average, the combination of rainfall, surface and groundwater

resources have been sufficient in providing adequate water to the Indian population. Rise in

demand and development pressures are changing the characteristics of water in India. Erosion

in the watershed due to the fast growing development and poor land management practices is

changing stream hydraulics. Groundwater reserves are becoming more and more depleted as

surface water sources have become too polluted for human use.

Water security is emerging as an increasingly important and vital issue for India. Many

Indian cities are beginning to experience moderate to severe water shortages, brought on by

the effects of agricultural growth, industrialization and urbanization. Population stress,

irrigation requirements and industrialization are the major pressures for water insecurity. The

environmental challenges of water resource development and management in India are

expected to manifest themselves more rapidly in the coming years. These environmental

challenges may be addressed through four broad approaches (1) Improving efficiencies and

minimizing losses (2) Recharging groundwater aquifers (3) Abatement and treatment of

water pollution (4) Reuse and recycling of wastewater (Status of Water Quality in India-

2011, CPCB ( Series: MINARS/35/2013-14).

2

1.1.1 Current and Future Water Requirements

In 1990, the total water withdrawal was estimated at 552 bcm i.e. 30 per cent of the country's

renewable water resources. The contribution from surface water was 362 bcm, while the

groundwater withdrawal was estimated at 190 bcm. Approximately 460 bcm was used for

irrigation while 25 bcm was used for domestic needs. About 19 bcm and 15 bcm were used

for energy and industrial purposes respectively. Currently, more than 80 per cent of the 750

bcm water used in India is for irrigation. The balance 20 per cent is used to meet domestic,

energy, industrial and other requirements. With the rapidly growing population, along with

industrial and urbanization activities, the demand for water is expected to increase even

faster. Estimates indicate that by the year 2025, the total water demand of 1050 bcm will be

very close to the total utilizable water resources of 1,122 bcm in the country. Though

projections are not available beyond 2025, it is evident that the country may have to face an

acute water crisis unless clear and strategic measures are adopted now. It is important to note

that more attention is also required to scientifically assess the water requirements for

ecosystems security. Today, approximately 40 per cent (748 bcm) of available water

resources is considered to be unutilizable due to a variety of factors. Probably, this is a

blessing since that water must be used for the requirements of the ecosystems (Status of

Water Quality in India-2011, CPCB ( Series: MINARS/35/2013-14).

1.2 Water Pollution

The key challenges to better management of the water quality in India are temporal and

spatial variation of rainfall, uneven geographic distribution of surface water resources,

persistent droughts, overuse of ground water and contamination, drainage & salinisation and

water quality problems due to treated, partially treated and untreated wastewater from urban

settlements, industrial establishments and runoff from irrigation sector besides poor

management of municipal solid waste and animal dung in rural areas.

It is estimated that about 38,000 million litres per day (mld) of wastewater are generated in

the urban centres having population more than 50,000 in India (housing more than 70% of

urban population). The municipal wastewater treatment capacity developed so far in India is

about 11,000 mld accounting for 29% of wastewater generation in these two classes of urban

centers. In view of population increase, demand of freshwater for all the uses will be

unmanageable. It is estimated that the projected wastewater from urban centres may cross

1,00,000 mld by 2050 and the rural India will also generate not less than 50,000 mld in view

of water supply designs for community supplies in rural areas. However, waste water

management is not addresses to that pace.

Most human activities whether domestic, agricultural or industrial have an impact on water

and the ecosystems. Water borne diseases can be, to a large extent, controlled by managing

human consumption and production patterns. It is therefore important to have an

understanding of human activities, including water management initiatives, and their impacts

on water and the environment (Status of Water Quality in India-2011, CPCB (Series:

MINARS/35/2013-14).

1.2.1 Domestic Water Pollution

Waste management systems have not been able to keep pace with the huge volumes of

organic and non-biodegradable wastes generated daily. As a consequence, garbage in most

parts of India is unscientifically disposed and ultimately leads to increase in the pollutant load

of surface and groundwater courses. On the other hand, the large population of the poor in

3

India does not have much choice but to live off the natural resource base and pollute the

environment in the process. They deforest for food, fuel, fodder and fibre and pollute the

water sources on which they depend, since they cannot afford access to sanitation services.

Domestic water use today, though a small fraction of the total water requirement, is under-

priced for political reasons. This leads to a considerable waste of the precious resource and

inadequate revenues for operation and maintenance. Low revenues result in the loss of the

resource due to system inefficiencies. In most parts of the country, waste water from

domestic sources is hardly treated, due to inadequate sanitation facilities. This waste water,

containing highly organic pollutant load, finds its way into surface and groundwater courses,

very often close to dense pockets of human habitation from where further water is drawn for

use. Considerable investments will be required to install treatment systems in at least the 500

major cities and towns of the country. Estimates indicate that it is viable to set up

decentralized treatment systems for approximately 100 to 200 households where it is possible

to convince users to pay for efficient services. Incentives like soft loans may be provided to

these initiatives (Status of Water Quality in India-2011, CPCB ( Series: MINARS/35/2013-

14).

1.2.2 Industrial Water Pollution

The Industrial sector, contributing to about 20 per cent of the national income, accounts for

about 8 per cent of the current water use. With rapid industrialization and urbanization, the

water requirement for energy and industrial use is estimated to rise to about 18 per cent of the

total requirements in 2025. Poor environmental management systems, especially in industries

such as thermal power stations, chemicals, metals and minerals, leather processing and sugar

mills, have led to discharge of highly toxic and organic wastewater. This has resulted in

pollution of the surface and groundwater sources from which water is also drawn for

irrigation and domestic use. The enforcement of regulations regarding discharge of industrial

wastewater and limits to extraction of groundwater needs to be considerably strengthened,

while more incentives are required for promoting waste water reuse and recycling(Status of

Water Quality in India-2011, CPCB ( Series: MINARS/35/2013-14).

1.2.3 Agricultural Water Pollution

Two-thirds of India's farm production comes from one-third of its land which is irrigated. The

rest is from rainfed areas that employ large populations. In order to meet the increasing

demand for food and farm employment, India has to increase the area under irrigation, and

enhance productivity in both irrigated and rainfed areas. Cropping patterns and farming

practices also do not encourage the judicious use of water. Conservative estimates indicate

that the same quantity of irrigation water used today can irrigate double the current area with

optimized irrigation and farming practices. With limited revenues and budgetary support, the

state engineering departments are unable to operate and maintain the irrigation systems

efficiently, leading to increasing deterioration of the structures and systems over time.

Consequently, there are further water losses due to breaches and seepage, resulting in water

logging and salinity. Water quality is further affected due to the overuse of chemical

fertilizers and pesticides (Status of Water Quality in India-2011, CPCB ( Series:

MINARS/35/2013-14).

1.3 Interstate Water Disputes

Water security is emerging as an increasingly important and vital issue for India. Many

Indian cities are beginning to experience moderate to severe water shortages, brought on by

the simultaneous effects of agricultural growth, industrialization and urbanization. Another

4

concern in the region is the growing competition over shared water resources. Conflict over

freshwater resources can strain relationships between various states sharing these resources.

1.3.1 The main causes due to which water disputes arise between states are:

River doesn’t follow political limits.

Uneven distribution of water resources.

Increasing rainfall variability and frequent draughts.

Increasing demand of river water.

Regionalization of the national policy.

Industrial activity which leads to deterioration of water quality

Untreated domestic wastewater

Table 1: Major Interstate Water Disputes in India

River(s) States Issue

Satluj, Beas Punjab and Rajasthan Harike Barrage, Canals

originating from Punjab and

entering into Rajasthan

Markanda Himachal Pradesh and Haryana Wastewater discharge from Kala

Amb industrial Area (H.P.). and

entering into Haryana

Yamuna Haryana, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh Ammonia issue raised frequently

for supply of drinking water in

Delhi and in Agra(U.P.)

Sahibi Rajasthan and Haryana Wastewater discharge from

Bhiwadi (Rajasthan) entering into

territory of Dharuhera (Haryana).

Dhela, Bahela,

Kosi and

Ramganga

Uttrakhand and Uttar Pradesh Magh Mela and Kumbh Mela

issue- Wastewater discharge from

Uttrakhand into Uttar Pradesh.

Table 2: Disputed Interstate Rivers and States Sharing the River Boundaries

S.

No.

Disputed River States

1. Vardha M.P., Maharashtra

2. Mahi M.P., Rajasthan, Gujarat

3. Krishna Maharashtra, A.P., Karnataka, Tamil Nadu

4. Bhima Maharashtra, Karnataka

5. Sabarmati Gujarat, Rajasthan,

6. Manjara Maharashtra, Karnataka

7. Tapi Maharashtra, Gujarat, M.P.

8. Narmada Gujarat, M.P.

9. Wainganga M.P., Maharashtra

10. Damanganga Gujarat, UT of Daman

11. Indrawati Orissa/ Chattisgarh

12. Mahanadi Orissa, Chattisgarh

13. Damodar Jharkhand, W.B.

14. Subarnrekha Jharkhand, Orissa, W.B.

15. Cauvery Karnataka, Tamil Nadu

5

S.

No.

Disputed River States

16. Thenpennai Karnataka, Tamil Nadu

17. Tungabhadra Maharashtra, Karnataka

18. Churni W.B./Bangladesh

19. Godavari Maharashtra, Karnataka

20. Pennar A.P., Karnataka

21. Ganga U.P., Bihar, Uttarakhand

22. Betwa M.P., U.P.

23. Sone M.P., U.P.

24. Ramganga Uttarakhand, U.P.

25. Satluj HP, Punjab

26. Beas HP, Punjab

27. Markanda HP, Haryana

28. Ghaggar HP, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan

29. Yamuna U.P., Haryana, Uttarakhand, HP, Delhi

30. Chambal Rajasthan, M.P., U.P.

31. Dhela U.P., Uttarakhand

32. Kitcha U.P., Uttarakhand

33. Kosi U.P., Uttarakhand

34. Bahela U.P., Uttarakhand

35. Pilakhar U.P., Uttarakhand

36. Sarsa HP, Punjab

37. Swan HP, Punjab

38. Ravi J&K, Punjab

39. Dhansari Nagaland, Assam

40. Manjira Karnataka/A.P.

6

CHAPTER 2: INTERSTAE RIVER BOUNDARY MONITORING NETWORK

One of the function of the Central Pollution Control Board(CPCB), under the Section 16 2(b)

of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 is to “coordinate the activities of

the State Boards and resolve disputes among them.

CPCB is monitoring water quality of rivers at the interstate borders since 2005. At present, the

monitoring is carried out at 86 locations. Present report covers only 83 locations (as given in

table 3) spread over 40 rivers. Monitoring frequency is preferably on quarterly basis though

few river locations are monitored once in a year which are either small/seasonal or not

carrying any interstate dispute.

Table 3: List of Water Quality Monitoring Locations at Interstate Boundaries

Sl.

No.

River Location Interstate

Boundaries

1 Vardha Bangaon Village near Pandhurana

Village (M. P.) MP/Maharashtra

2 Vardha Belur Dharmadabad (Maharashtra) Maharashtra/M.P.

3 Mahi

Village Bajna, Ratlam (M. P.) M.P./Rajasthan

4 Mahi

Kadna Dam, (Gujarat) Gujarat /Rajasthan

5 Mahi Gammon Bridge, (Rajasthan) Rajasthan/MP

6 Krishna

Kurundwad, Kolhapur (Maharashtra) Maharashtra/A.P.

7 Bhima Takli, Solapur (Maharashtra) Maha./Karnataka

8 Sabarmati

Khedbrahma (Gujarat) Gujarat/Rajasthan

9 Manjara Aurad Shahajani (Maharashtra Maharashtra/

Karnataka

10 Tapi Prakasha (Maharshtra) Maharashtra/Gujarat

11 Tapi Ajnad (Marashtra ) Maharashtra/M.P.

12 Tapi NIzhar (Gujarat) Maharashtra/Gujarat

13 Narmada Navagam (Gujarat)

Gujarat/M.P.

14 Wainganga Bapera, Bhandara (Maharashtra)

M.P./ Maharashtra

15 Damanganga Jarry Causeway D/S of CETP

discharge (Gujarat)

Gujarat/UT of

Daman

16 Damanganga U/S of CETP discharge GIDC Weir

(UT of Daman)

UT of Daman/

Gujarat

17 Indrawati

Nowrangpur (Orissa) Orissa/Chhattisgarh

18 Mahanadi Hirakund (Orissa)

Orissa/Chattisgarh

19 Churni Bijoypur (West Bengal)

Bangladesh/W. B.

20 Damodar Sindri (Jharkhand)

Jharkhand/W.B.

21 Damodar Dishergarh (West Bengal)

WB/Jharkhand

22 Subarnrekha Behragora (Jharkhand)

Jharkhand/Orissa

7

Sl.

No.


Boundaries

23 Subarnrekha Gopiballavpur (West Bengal) WB/Orissa

24 Subarnrekha

Lakhannath (Orissa) Orissa/W.B.

25 Cauvery Satyagala Bridge, Narsipur

(Karnataka)

Karnataka

/Tamilnadu

26 Thenpennai Mugalur Bridge, Bangalore

(Karnataka)

Karnataka/

Tamilnadu

27

Krishna

Deodurg (Karnataka) Karnataka/

Tamilnadu

28 Tungabhadra

Hochchelli (Karnataka) Maharashtra/

Karnataka

29 Bhima Jewargi, Gangapur, (Karnataka) Maharashtra/Karnata

ka

30 Pennar Mothikepli, (Karnataka) Karnataka

31 Manjira Janwada, (Karnataka) Karnataka/

Maharashtra

32 Godavari Basra Kavalguda,(Maharashtra)

Karnataka/

Maharashtra

33 Uttra-

Pinkhani

(North

Pennar)

Hindupur (Andhra Pradesh)

A.P./Karnataka

34 Ganga Tarighat, Gazipur (U. P.)

U.P./Bihar

35 Betwa Kanjira Bridge , Sagar (M.P.)

M.P./U.P.

36 Betwa D/S Dukwan Dam Babina, Birdha

Road, Distt. Lalitpur (U.P.)

UP/MP

37 Sone Chopan (U.P.) M.P./U.P

38 Sone U/S of Deora before Reservoir,

Rihand (U.P.)

M.P./U.P

39 Ramganga D/S Sherkot, Kalagarh (U. P.)

Uttrakhand/U.P.

40 Ramganga D/S Kalagarh, Dam (Uttrankhand)

Uttrakhand/U.P.

41 Ganga Dariganj, Distt. Sonepur, (Bihar) U.P/Bihar

42 Satluj Nangal (H.P.) H.P/Punjab

43 Beas Talwara U/s (Pong Dam), Kangra

(H.P.)

H.P/Punjab

44 Beas D/S (Changarwa Village), (Punjab) Punjab/H.P.

45 Markanda Kala Amb (H.P.)

H.P/Haryana

46 Markanda

Narayangarh (Haryana) Haryana/H.P.

47 Ghaggar

u/s Parwanoo (H.P.) H.P/Haryana

48 Ghaggar Parwanoo D/S , Amravati, (Haryana) Haryana/H.P.

49 Ghaggar Mubarakpur (Punjab)

Punjab/Haryana

50 Ghaggar Tiwana village (Punjab) Punjab/ Haryana

51 Ghaggar Sirsa Dabwali Road (Haryana) Punjab/Haryana

52 Ghaggar Chandrapur Siphon (Haryana) Punjab/Haryana

8

Sl.

No.


Boundaries

54 Ghaggar Ottu Weir (Haryana) Haryana/Rajasthan

55 Ghaggar Sirsa Hanumangarh Road (Rajasthan) Rajasthan/Haryana

56 Ganga Sultanpur (Uttrakhand)

Uttrakhand/U.P.

57 Ganga

Bijnour (U.P.) UP/ Uttrakhand

58 Yamuna Shergarh, Juhika (U. P.)

UP/Haryana

59 Yamuna Mohena Palwal Road (Haryana) Haryana/U.P.

60 Yamuna Pontasahib (H. P.)

HP/ Uttrakhand

61 Yamuna Buriya U/S Jagadhari, Mandoli,

(Haryana) Haryana/HP

62 Yamuna Sonipat Baghpat Road (Haryana)

Haryana/U.P.

63 Yamuna Palla, Wazirabad (Delhi)

Delhi/Haryana

64 Yamuna Asgarpur village, (U.P. )

U.P./Delhi

65 Yamuna Hasanpur, Mohali (Haryana)

UP/Haryana

66 Chambal Udi (U.P.)

U.P./M.P.

67 Chambal Fish farm , Gandhisagar Dam, (M.P)

Rajasthan/MP

68 Dhela Adampur Village, Bhojpur UP/Uttrakhand

69 Kitchha Pull Bhatta, Bareili Road, (Uttrakhand)

UP/Uttrakhand

70 Kosi Dadiyal Bridge, (Uttrakhand)

UP/Uttrakhand

71 Bahela Badli Village, Tehseel - Tanda (U.P.)

UP/Uttrakhand

72 Pilakhar Rampur, Bhot (Uttar Pradesh)

UP/Uttrakhand

73 Sarsa Badhi D/S, (Ghanoli Village B/C to R.

Satluj, (Punjab ) H.P./Punjab

74 Sarsa U/s Saini Mazra , (Punjab)

H.P./Punjab

75 Swan Dhangla Village, Santoshgarh

(Punjab)

H.P./Punjab

76 Ravi Madhopur U/S , (Punjab)

Punjab/J&K

77 Ravi Lakhanpur, D/s Madhopur (Jammu)

Punjab/J&K

78 Dhansari U/S Ganesh nagar , (Nagaland)

Nagaland/ Assam

79 Dhansari U/S, Nagarjan Bridge, Dimarpur

Town, (Nagaland)

Nagaland/ Assam

80 Dhansari D/S Dimarpur Town , Khatkati Gate,

(Nagaland)

Nagaland/ Assam

81 Dhansari Bokajan, (Assam)

Nagaland /Assam

82 Dhansari Nimligarh, (Assam) Nagaland /Assam

83 Yamuna Dak Pather (Uttranchal) Uttranchal/H.P.

9

Table 4: State Wise Distribution of Monitoring Stations

Sl. No. States/UT No. of Stations

1. Delhi 2

2. Andhra Pradesh 2

3. UT of Daman 2

4. Chattisgarh 2

5. Bihar 2

6. J & K 2

7. Jharkhand 3

8. Tamil Nadu 3

9. West Bengal 5

10. Nagaland 3

11. Assam 2

12. Rajasthan 6

13. Orissa 6

14. Gujarat 7

15. Uttarakhand 9

16. Maharashtra 11

17. Karnataka 11

18. Punjab 11

19. M.P 13

20. Himachal Pradesh 14

21. Haryana 16

22. U.P. 21

10

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY

3.0 Methodology

The methodology adopted for collection of information and preparation of this report is as

follows:

3.1 Source of information

Monitoring is conducted by CPCB on quarterly basis in a year, however few designated

locations are monitored once in a year which are either small/seasonal or not carrying any

interstate dispute. After analysis of samples, laboratories of Head Office and Zonal Offices

produce result of water quality parameters.

3.2 Dry Inventory

To carry out the present study, first desk inventory was performed based on background

information available inhouse. During desk inventory, sites were finalized for the survey &

monitoring of the interstate rivers. The concerned Zonal Offices were also informed about the

programme to depute those officers who have sufficient knowledge of rivers and interstate

boundary locations.

3.3 Wet Inventory

The team visited the locations at which the rivers share the interstate boundaries.

The identified sampling points from the possible sources were selected out to carry the water

quality monitoring.

3.4 Analysis

The data collected out through dry and wet inventories was analyzed and processed further.

3.5 Data Interpretation and Processing

The data collected from laboratories of Head offices and Zonal Office of Central Pollution

Control Board was structured through MS-Excel and stored. Data was compiled and

processed to remove inconsistencies.

11

CHAPTER 4: WATER QUALITY OF RIVERS

4.0 Water Quality

The water quality monitoring results based on the observations made during 2005 to 2013

indicate that the organic and bacterial contamination are continued to be critical in water

bodies. This is mainly due to discharge of domestic wastewater mostly in untreated form

from the urban centres of the country. The municipal corporations at large are not able to

treat increasing load of municipal sewage flowing into water bodies without treatment.

Furthermore, the receiving water bodies also do not have adequate water for dilution.

Therefore, the oxygen demand and bacterial pollution is increasing day by day.

The water quality monitoring results obtained were analyzed with respect to indicator of

oxygen consuming substances (Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand), Dissolved Oxygen, indicator

of pathogenic bacteria (Total coliform and Fecal coliform), Total Dissolved Solids and

Chemical Oxygen Demand.

The water quality of the rivers covered under Interstate River Boundary Monitoring (IRBM)

Network is discussed below based on the data analyzed from Table 5.

The water quality of river is assessed with respect to primary water quality data criteria for

bathing . the primary water quality criteria is placed in Table 6.

4.1 Water Quality of River Satluj:

Water quality monitoring of the river Satluj is carried out at the interstate boundaries of H.P.

and Punjab(Detail of location is provided in Table 3) . BOD and DO concentrations are

within the prescribed range i.e.1.11mg/l and 8.11 mg/l respectively. The Total Coliform

range is exceeding the prescribed limit.

4.2 Water Quality of River Beas:

Water quality monitoring of the river Beas is carried out at 02 locations at the interstate

boundaries of H.P. and Punjab at Talwara U/s (Pong Dam), Kangra (H.P.) and Changwara

Village, Punjab. The analysis results show that the BOD concentration is exceeding to the

prescribed range at both the locations i.e., however DO concentration is meeting to the

prescribed standard at both the locations. Total Coliform range is also exceeding the

prescribed limit.

4.3 Water Quality of River Markanda:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at 02 different locations at the interstate

boundaries of H.P. and Haryana. The analytical results show that BOD and DO

concentrations at Naraingarh (Haryana) are not meeting the prescribed limit. However, at

Kala Amb (H.P.), the water quality is meeting to prescribed standards in respect of DO and

BOD. Total Coliform is not meeting the prescribed limit at both the locations.

4.4 Water Quality of River Ghaggar:

Water quality monitoring of the river Ghaggar is carried out at 09 different locations at the

interstate boundaries of H.P./ Haryana, Punjab/ Haryana and Haryana/ Rajasthan. Analytical

results indicate that water quality in respect of DO and BOD concentrations is not meeting to

12

the prescribed standards except at Parwanoo(H.P.) and Amravati (Haryana). Total Coliform

range is also exceeding the prescribed standard.

4.5 Water Quality of River Ganga:


boundaries of Uttarakhand/ U.P. and U.P./ Bihar. At all these 4 locations, the BOD and DO

concentrations are meeting the prescribed standards. However, the Total Coliform count is

deviating at all locations.

4.6 Water Quality of River Yamuna:

Water quality monitoring of the river Yamuna is carried out at 9 different locations at the

interstate boundaries of U.P./ Haryana, HP/Uttarakhand, Haryana/H.P., Delhi/Haryana and

U.P./Delhi. The water quality results are meeting to prescribed norms with respect to DO and

BOD except at 3 locations i.e. Asgarpur Village (U.P.), Hasanpur (Haryana) and Buriya U/S,

Jagadhari (Haryana). Total Coliform count is exceeding the prescribed standards at all

locations.

4.7 Water Quality of River Chambal:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at 02 locations at the interstate boundaries

of U.P/M.P. and Rajasthan/M.P. The BOD and DO concentrations are meeting to the

prescribed standards at both the locations. However, Total Coliform count is exceeding at the

location Udi (U.P.).

4.8 Water Quality of River Dhela:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the location at the interstate boundary

of U.P./Uttarakhand. The BOD, DO and Total Coliform concentration are not meeting the

prescribed standards indicating polluted condition of the river at the monitoring location.

4.9 Water Quality of River Kitchha:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the interstate boundary of

U.P./Uttarakhand. At the monitoring location, BOD and DO concentrations are within the

prescribed standard, However, Total Coliform Count is exceeding to the prescribed standard.

4.10 Water Quality of River Kosi:


of U.P./Uttarakhand. The water quality is meeting the prescribed standards with respect to

BOD and DO whereas Total Coliform Count is exceeding the prescribed standards.

4.11 Water Quality of River Bahela:


of U.P./Uttarakhand. At the location, BOD, DO and Total Coliform Count is exceeding the

prescribed standards.

4.12 Water Quality of River Pilakhar:


U.P./Uttarakhand. BOD and DO are within the range at the location whereas the Total

Coliform Count is exceeding .

13

4.13 Water Quality of River Sarsa:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at 2 locations at the interstate boundary of

H.P./Punjab. At both the locations, BOD and DO concentrations are meeting the prescribed

range. Total Coliform count is exceeding to the prescribed standards at both the locations.

4.14 Water Quality of River Swan:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the interstate boundary of H.P./Punjab.

The BOD and DO concentrations are within the prescribed standards at the location whereas

Total Coliform count is exceeding to the prescribed standards.

4.15 Water Quality of River Ravi:

Water quality monitoring of the river Ravi is carried out at 2 different locations of the

interstate boundary of J.K./Punjab. The BOD and DO concentration are within the prescribed

standards at the location whereas Total Coliform count is exceeding at said locations.

4.16 Water Quality of River Mahi:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at 2 different locations of interstate

boundary of M.P./Rajasthan and Gujarat/ Rajasthan. The BOD and DO concentrations are

within the prescribed range at both the locations. Total Coliform count is exceeding at Kadna

Dam, (Gujarat).

4.17 Water Quality of River Ramganga:


boundary Uttarakhand/U.P. The BOD and DO concentrations are within the prescribed range

whereas the Total Coliform count is exceeding at both the locations.

4.18 Water Quality of River Betwa:


boundary M.P./U.P. Concentration of BOD and DO is meeting the prescribed standards

whereas Total Coliform count is exceeding at both the locations.

4.19 Water Quality of River Sone:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at 2 different locations of the interstate

boundary M.P./U.P. The BOD and DO level are within the prescribed range whereas Total

Coliform count is exceeding at both the locations.

4.20 Water Quality of River Vardha:


boundary M.P./Maharashtra. The BOD and DO level are meeting to the prescribed standards.

However, Total Coliform count is exceeding at one location i.e. Belur Dhemadabad

(Maharashtra).

4.21 Water Quality of River Bhima:


boundary of Maharashtra/Karnataka. The BOD and DO concentrations are meeting the

prescribed range. However, Total Coliform count is exceeding at both the locations.

4.22 Water Quality of River Sabarmati:


Gujarat/Rajasthan. The BOD and DO concentration are meeting to the prescribed standard at

the location. Total Coliform count is exceeding at the location to the prescribed standard.

14

4.23 Water Quality of River Manjira:


boundary Karnataka/Maharashtra. The BOD and DO concentration are within the prescribed

standard. However, Total Coliform count is exceeding at one location i.e. Janwada

(Karnataka).

4.24 Water Quality of River Tapi:


boundaries of Maharashtra/Gujarat and Maharashrta/M.P. The BOD and DO level are

meeting the prescribed standard. However, Total Coliform count is exceeding the prescribed

standards at all 03 locations.

4.25 Water Quality of River Narmada:


of Gujarat/M.P. The BOD and DO level are meeting the prescribed Standards. Whereas the

Total Coliform count is exceeding at said location.

4.26 Water Quality of River Wainganga:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the location of interstate boundary of

Maharashrta/M.P. The BOD and DO level are within the prescribed range indicating the good

water quality at the location. Total Coliform count is exceeding at the aforesaid location.

4.27 Water Quality of River Damanganga:


boundary of Gujarat/ UT of Daman. The BOD and DO level are exceeding the prescribed

limit at Jarry Causeway D/S of CETP Discharge (Gujarat). Total Coliform count is within

the range at both the locations.

4.28 Water Quality of River Indrawati:


of Orissa/Chattisgarh. The BOD and DO level are within the prescribed range indicating the

good water quality at the location. But the Total Coliform count is exceeding at the location.

4.29 Water Quality of River Mahanadi:


of Orissa/ Chhattisgarh. The BOD and DO level are within the prescribed range and Total

Coliform count is exceeding at the location.

4.30 Water Quality of River Churni:


Bangladesh/W.B. The BOD and DO level are not meeting to the prescribed standards and

Total Coliform count is exceeding the prescribed standards.

4.31 Water Quality of River Damodar:


boundary Jharkhand/W.B. BOD and DO concentration are meeting to the prescribed

standards at the locations. However, Total Coliform count is exceeding at all the locations.

4.32 Water Quality of River Subarnrekha:


boundaries of Jharkhand/Orissa and W.B./Orissa. BOD and DO concentration is meeting the

15

prescribed standard. However, the Total Coliform count is exceeding to the prescribed

standards at all the locations.

4.33 Water Quality of River Cauvery:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried at the interstate boundary of Karnataka/Tamil

Nadu. BOD and DO concentrations are meeting the prescribed standards. Total Coliform

count is also meeting to the prescribed standard at the said location.

4.34 Water Quality of River Thenpennai:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the location of the interstate boundary

of Karnataka/Tamil Nadu. BOD, DO and TC concentrations are exceeding to the prescribed

standards.

4.35 Water Quality of River Krishna:


boundaries of Karnataka/Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra/A.P. BOD and DO concentration are

meeting at the prescribed standards. Total Coliform count is exceeding the prescribed

standard at all the locations.

4.36 Water Quality of River Tungabhadra:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the location of the interstate boundary

of Karnataka/ Maharashtra. BOD and DO concentrations are meeting the prescribed

standards and the Total Coliform count is not meeting to the prescribed standard at the

location.

4.37 Water Quality of River Pennar:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the boundary of Karnataka.

Observation of monitoring results reveal that water quality is meeting to the prescribed

standard.

4.38 Water Quality of River Godavari:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the interstate boundary of Karnataka/

Maharashtra. BOD, DO & Total Coliform concentrations are meeting to the prescribed

standards.

4.39 Water Quality of River Uttra Pinkhani:

Water quality monitoring of the river is carried out at the interstate boundary of Karnataka/

A.P. BOD, DO & Total Coliform concentrations are meeting to the prescribed standards.

4.40 Water Quality of River Dhansari:


boundary of Assam/Nagaland. BOD, DO & Total Coliform concentrations are meeting to the


- 16 -

Table 5: Statistical Summary of Water Quality at Identified Locations

S. No

1

River Location N Period of Observ

ation

BOD(mg/l) DO(mg/l)

Min Max Mean S.D. Min Max Mean S.D.

1 Yamuna Paonta Sahib, (H.P.) 28 2005-2013 0 3.6 1.19 0.62 6.1 10.7 7.8 1.40

Sonipat Baghpat Road, (Haryana) 25 2005-2013 1 8.2 2.38 1.55 4.5 11.3 7.29 0.83

Palla, (Delhi) 25 2005-2012 1 4 1.85 1.77 5.5 10.7 7.55 1.58

Asgarpur Village, (U.P.) 17 2005-2013 6 50 18.76 14.43 0 4 2.75 1.82

Buriya U/S Jagadhari (Haryana) 17 2005-2013 1 4 1.48 0.91 1 12 8.52 1.13

Mohena Palwal Road (Haryana) 18 2005-2013 2 37 14.9 9.58 0 12 3 3.24

Shergarh (U. P.) 25 2005-2010 1 10 3.79 2.38 4.1 20.6 9.05 3.29

Dak Pathar, (Uttarakhnad) 22 2005-2013 1 3.8 1.42 0.80 6.7 10.2 8.47 0.97

Hasanpur, Maholi, 7 2009-2013 4 26 7.68 8.35 0 1.35 2.62 2.90

2 Ghaggar Parwanoo,(H.P. ) 14 2006-2013 1 27 1.22 0.80 3.8 7.5 8.49 3.40

Sirsa Dabwali Road, (Haryana) 13 2006-2013 2 31 8.79 8.86 0 2.1 2.75 3.60

Mubarakpur, (Punjab) 15 2006-2013 3 24 7.94 7.16 1.8 7.4 4.94 1.69

Tiwana Village, (Punjab) 15 2006-2013 2 25 9.88 8.40 0.8 19.8 3.31 4.36

Chandrapur Siphon, (Haryana) 15 2006-2013 3 30 9.84 7.84 0 4.5 2.76 1.72

Sirdulgarh, (Punjab) 14 2006-2013 3 22 10.35 6.02 0 10.2 2.52 2.77

Parwanoo D/S , Amravati, (Haryana)

14 2006-2013 1 27 1.03 7.10 3.8 7.5 8.13 1.86

Ottu Weir (Haryana) 12 2005-2012 0 28 6.01 8.03 0 7 3.65 1.87

Sirsa Hanumangarh Road (Rajasthan) 7 2005-2012 1 24 8.24 8.25 1.5 6.3 4.28 2.38

3 Ganga Tarighat, Gazipur, (U.P.) 14 2005-2012 1 6 2.52 1.61 5.2 8.8 7.81 1.11

Sultanpur (Uttrakhand) 22 2005-2013 1 3 1.38 0.62 8 12 8.75 1.18

Bijnor Deoband Road (U. P.) 16 2005-2013 1 9.5 1.59 0.94 7 9 8.10 0.80

Dari Ganj, Sonepur, (Bihar) 10 2008-2012 1.6 4.8 2.55 1.11 5.8 8.7 7.26 1.21

4 Beas Changwara Village, (Punjab) 17 2006-2013 1 5 1.37 1.32 6.1 17.1 9.87 2.72 Talwara U/S (Pong Dam) Distt

18 2005-2013 1 6 1.48 1.26 6 9 7.69 1.05

5 Markanda Naraingarh, (Haryana) 17 2005-2013 1 85 6.44 5.54 1.5 6.7 3.34 1.91

Kala Amb U/S (H. P.) 19 2005-2013 1 4 1.69 2.34 4.4 11.2 8.02 1.93

6 Satluj Nangal (H. P.) 16 2006-2013 1 2 1.11 0.37 6 9.4 8.11 0.87

7 Dhela Kashipur-Muradabad Road, Adampur

Village(U.P.)

13 2008-2013 6 131 53.15 44.04 0 2.3 0.80 1.13

- 17 -

S. No

1


ation

BOD(mg/l) DO(mg/l)


8 Bahela Badli Village, Tehseel-Tanda (U.P.)

12 2008-2013 2 77 22.64 30.69 0.2 1.5 1.15 2.75

9 Kosi Dadyal Bridge(U.P.) 13 2008-2013 1 4 2.30 1.24 3.5 10.4 6.70 1.52

10 Kitcha Pull Bhatta, Bareli road,

(Uttrakhand)

14 2008-2013 0 8 4.63 3.26 2.2 26 6.30 6.96

11 Sarsa Badhi D/S, (Ghanoli Village) Punjab

(B/C to R. Satluj)

5 2009-2010 1 10 2.75 2 3 7.8 6.70 2.21

U/S at Saini Mazra, Punjab 6 2009-2013 3 4.21 3.68 1.09 10.4 12.8 9.64 2.90

12 Swan Dhangla Village, Santoshgarh 8 2009-2013 1 4 2.35 1.37 2.4 11.2 6.25 2.96

13 Pilakhar Rampur, Bhot (Uttar Pradesh) 7 2009-2013 1 2 2.76 1.06 0 7.8 6.25 1.26

14 Ravi Madhopur U/S , Punjab 7 2009-2013 1 2 1.12 0.40 7.8 9.2 8.61 0.54

Lakhanpur, D/s, Madhopur 4 2010-2012 1 2 1.18 0.5 7.4 9.8 8.92 1.38

15 Vardha Pandhurana Village, (M.P.) 17 2006-2012 1 6 2.24 1.34 5.2 9.1 6.62 1.08

Belur Dharmadabad & Karwar (Mosi) village (Maharashtra)

4 2006- 2007 0.1 2.1 0.61 1 6.6 9.2 7.65 1.17

16 Mahi Bajna,R., Ratlam, (M.P.) 18 2006-2012 1 20 2.44 4.30 4.7 7.11 6.19 1.58

Bajaj Sagar, near Bansawara,

(Rajasthan) 19 2006-2012 1 8 2.60 0.85 4 8.6 6.23 1.75

17 Chambal Fish farm , Gandhisagar Dam, (M.P)

19 2006-2012 1 4.7 2.10 1.66 6.1 9.8 6.65 1.63

Udi (U.P.) 25 2006-2013 1 4 1.81 0.96 6.7 11 8.16 1.26

18 Churni Bijoypur (West Bengal) 17 2005-2013 2 31 7.7 7.23 1 5.8 1.84 1.94

19 Betwa D/S Dukwan Dam at Babina,Birdha

Road,Distt. Lalitpur, (U.P.)

13 2005-2012 0 7.6 1.39 1.48 5.3 10.8 6.98 1.82

Kanjia bridge sagar, (M.P.) 15 2005-2012 0.8 4 1.54 0.90 2.8 10.4 7.24 1.93

20 Thenpennai Mugalur Bridge, (Karnataka) 11 2005-2011 2 19 7.42 7.24 1 6 2.43 1.70

- 18 -

S. No

1


ation

BOD(mg/l) DO(mg/l)


21 Sone Chopan, (D/S before Reservoir Rihand), (U.P.)

15 2005-2012 1 3 1.52 0.87 5.5 10.2 7.09 1.54

Deora (U/S before Reservoir Rihand), (M.P.)

15 2005-2012 0.5 2 1.08 0.52 5.7 10.5 7.21 1.46

22 Tapi Prakasha, (Maharashtra) 5 2006-2012 0.5 8.3 3.45 3.00 7 9.7 8.24 1.20

Nizhar, (Gujarat) 5 2006-2012 1 5.5 2.21 1.72 7.1 8.1 7.13 1.00

Ajnad (Maharashtra) 6 2006-2012 0.7 12.6 2.92 4.68 7.1 14.5 10.38 3.12

23 Manjara Aurad Shahajani 2 2006-2007 4.3 4.3 4.3 - 7.3 7.3 7.3 -

24 Bhima Takli, Solapur, (Maharashtra)

9 2005-2011 1 5.7 2.30 1.38 6.8 11.2 8.34 1.64

Jewargi, (Ganagapur),(Karnataka)

8 2005-2011 0.5 10 2.13 3.73 6.2 8 7.27 0.61

25 Krishna Khurundward, Kolhapur, (Maharashtra)

10 2005-2011 0.6 4.6 1.42 1.16 5.8 11.5 7.57 2.18

Deodurg (Karnataka) 10 2005-2011 0 1.6 0.97 0.77 5.5 7.9 7.21 3.17

26 Damanganga Jerry Causways, D/S of CETP, (Gujarat)

18 2007-2013 1.41 29 5.92 8.18 0.3 8.47 3.07 2.35

U/S of CETP discharge GIDC Weir

18 2007-2013 0.7 4.2 1.73 1.02 6.1 9.1 7.62 0.80

27 Dhansari Bokajan, (Assam) 16 2005-2010 1.6 4.7 3.10 1.49 4.8 9 7.00 1.89

Ganeshnagar, (Nagaland) 16 2005-2010 0.7 16.5 1.88 4.42 0.3 10 5.35 3.18

Nagarjan Bridge, (Nagaland) 16 2005-2010 0.1 10.2 1.91 2.64 1 10 6.33 2.34

Khatkati Gate, (Nagaland) 16 2005-2010 0.3 2.6 1.61 0.68 5.8 10.5 7.85 1.38

Numaligarh, (Assam) 16 2005-2010 0.6 4.4 1.96 1.11 0.6 15.4 6.63 3.00

28 Damodar Sindri (Jharkhand) 17 2005-2013 0 3 2.10 0.63 4.9 8.9 7.42 0.85

Dishergarh ( West Bengal) 17 2005-2013 0 3 1.94 0.65 6.1 9.3 7.48 0.70

29 Indravati Nowrangpur (Orissa) 13 2005-2013 1.1 3 2.03 0.49 6.1 8 7.20 0.50

30 Cauvery Satyagala Bridge, Narsipur Karnataka

8 2005-2011 0 5 1.18 1.57 6.2 8.6 6.59 1.29

- 19 -

S. No

1


ation

BOD(mg/l) DO(mg/l)


31 Tungabhadra Hochchelli (Karnataka) 8 2005-2011 0 7.4 2.56 3.53 4 9 7.73 2.36

32 Pennar Mothukapalli (Karnataka) 2 2005 1.1 1.1 1.1 - 5.3 5.3 5.3 -

33 Godavari Basra Kavalguda, (Maharashtra)

5 2005-2012 1 3 1.84 1.00 4 6.8 5.46 1.44

34 Ramganga D/S Sherkot, Kalagarh (U.P.)

12 2005-2012 1 4.9 1.88 1.03 4.4 8.5 7.39 1.18

D/S Kalagarh, Dam (Uttrakhand)

12 2005-2012 1 2.6 1.79 0.55 6.2 9.2 7.79 0.92

35 Mahanadi Hirakud (Orissa) 14 2005-2013 0 3 2.15 0.75 6.4 8.3 7.35 0.43

36 Narmada Navagam (Gujarat) 8 2006-2012 0.8 3.5 1.68 0.90 4.8 9.84 7.33 1.28

37 Wainganga Bapera, Bhandara (Maharashtra)

7 2006-2012 0.3 6.4 0.94 0.42 5.8 8.2 6.82 2.95

38 Sabarmati Khedbrahma (Gujarat) 2 2005-2006 1.1 1.1 1.1 - 6.7 10.5 8.38 2.68

39 Subarnarekha Bheragora (Jharkhand) 17 2005-2013 0 3 2.14 0.86 7 9.7 7.67 0.79 Gopiballavpur (West

Bengal) 17 2005-2013 0 3 2.28 1.00 6.4 8.7 7.55 0.64

Lakhannath (Orissa) 17 2005-2013 0 2.6 2.05 0.2 6.1 9.7 7.69 0.90

40 Uttra-Pinkhani Hindupur(Andhra Pradesh)

5 2005-2010 1 6 1.21 0.48 0.8 5.4 2.89 1.69

- 20 -

CHAPTER 5: STATUS OF WATER QUALITY

5.1 Identified polluted river locations:

Close observation of the results indicate that water quality of interstate rivers is deteriorating in

respect to BOD, DO, TDS & TC and observed not fit for any designated usage. Discharge of

untreated/partially treated wastewater or dumping solid waste into the rivers directly or through

the drains are the main factor for the increase in pollution at these locations. Observed range of

water quality parameters is summarized in Table 7:

Table 7: Observed Range of Water Quality Parameters Sl.

No.

River N Period of

observation

DO

(mg/l)

BOD

(mg/l)

COD

(mg/l)

TDS

(mg/l)

TC

(MPN/

100 ml)

FC

(MPN/

100ml)

1 Vardha Bangaon at

Bangaon Village near

Pandhurana Village (M.

P.)

17 2006-12 5.2-

9.1

1-6 7-29 12-331 18-350 3-180

2 Vardha at Belur

Dharmadabad

(Maharashtra)

4 2006-07 6.6-

9.2

0.1-2.1 6.5-22 4-193 110-900 130-300

3 Mahi at Village Bajna,

Ratlam (M. P.)

18 2006-12 4.7-

7.11

1-20 6-27 25-296 15-440 2-210

4 Mahi Bajaj sagar Dam

at Gammon Bridge,

(Rajasthan)

19 2006-12 4.0-

8.6

1-8 7-32 5-390 23-320 4-140

5 Krishna at Kurundwad,

Kolhapur (Maharashtra)

10 2005-11 5.8-

11.5

0.6-4.6 8.8-36.0 4.0-380 1700-

5000

800-2800

6 Bhima at Takli, Solapur

(Maharashtra)

9 2005-11 6.8-

11.2

1.0-5.7 8.2-36.0 12.3-

844

90-700 40-500

7 Mahi at Kadna Dam,

Gujarat

8 2005-12 4.5-

9.3

0.7-5.9 12-31 9-192 40-90000 40-90000

8 Sabarmati at

Khedbrahma (Gujarat)

2 2005-06 6.7-

10.5

1.1 7.5-14 2-18 2400-

500000

300-500

9 Manjara at Aurad

Shahajani (Maharashtra)

2 2006 7.3 4.3 4.3 26 130 -

10 Tapi at Prakasha

(Maharshtra)

5 2006-12 7-9.7 0.5-8.3 18-69 53-311 2300-

9000

910-5000

11 Tapi at Ajnad

(Marashtra )

6 2006-12 7.1-

14.5

0.7- 2.6 14.0 -35 9.2-413 800-

16000

300-9000

12 Tapi at Nizhar (Gujarat) 5 2006-12 7.1-

8.1

1.0-5.5 11-30.3 9.4-191 1400-

46000

1100-

24000

13 Narmada at Navagam

(Gujarat)

8 2006-12 4.8-

9.84

0.8-3.5 1.8-21 6.0-136 80-1100 70-500

14 Wainganga at Bapera,

Bhandara (Maharashtra)

7 2006-12 5.8-

8.2

0.3-6.4 8.0-34 13-124 170-9000 130-5000

15 Damanganga at at Jarry

Causeway D/S of CETP

discharge (Gujarat)

18 2007-2013 0.3-

8.47

1.41-29 4.2-224 446-

31262

900-

90000

9000-

31262

16 Damanganga U/S of

CETP discharge GIDC

Weir (UT of Daman)

18 2007-2013 6.1-

9.1

0.7-4.2 8.6-32 121-242 9000-

50000

900-

30000

17 Indrawati at

Nowrangpur (Orissa)

13 2005-13 6.1-

8.0

1.1-3.0 2-23 28-52 408-

27000

63-6900

18 Mahanadi at Hirakund

(Orissa)

14 2005-13 6.4-

8.3

0.0-3.0 5.0-15.0 15-30 816-

97000

204-

28280

19 Churni at Bijoypur

(West Bengal)

17 2005-13 1.0-

5.8

2-31 8-121 31-478 1224-

146000

204-

30600

- 21 -


No.

River N Period of

observation

DO

(mg/l)

BOD

(mg/l)

COD

(mg/l)

TDS

(mg/l)

TC

(MPN/

100 ml)

FC

(MPN/

100ml)

20 Damodar at Sindri

(Jharkhand)

17 2005-13 4.9-

8.9

0-3 8-14 40-243 1734-

146000

600-

146000

21 Damodar at Dishergarh

(West Bengal)

17 2005-13 6.1-

9.3

0-3.0 6-28 34-208 200-

448000

300-

83600

22 SSubSubarnrekha

atataBehragora(Jharkhand)

17 2005-13 7-9.7 0-3.0 0-15 15-168 1900-

197000

200-

109000

23 Subarnrekha at

Gopiballavpur (West

Bengal)

17 2005-13 6.4-

8.7

0-3 0-2 1-157 306-

362400

202-

30400

24 Subarnrekha at

(Lakhnath)

17 2005-13 6.1-

9.7

0-2.6 3-12 27-154 510-

85300

202-

85300

25 Cauvery at Satyagala

Bridge, Narsipur

(Karnataka)

8 2005-11 6.2-

8.6

0-5 3.0-16 222 140 34

26

Thenpennai at Mugalur

Bridge, Bangalore

(Karnataka)

11 2005-11 1.0-

6.0

2.0-19 24.3-

104

36-581 350-

71600

350-

71600

27 Krishna at Deodurg

(Karnataka)

10 2005-11 5.5-

7.9

0-1.6 2-16 386 21-22000 21-22000

28 Tungabhadra at

Hochchelli (Karnataka)

8 2005-11 4.0-

9.0

0-7.4 1.5-19 7.4-548 13-16100 13-1100

29 Bhima at Jewargi,

Gangapur, (Karnataka)

8 2005-11 6.2-

8.0

0.5-10 1.3-28 6-596 2400-

18000

2400-

18000

30 Pennar at Mothikepli,

(Karnataka)

1 2005 5.3 1.1 16 - - -

31 Manjira at Janwada

(Karnataka)

5 2005-12 6.1-

6.6

1.3-3.6 6.0-54 12-272 930-8600 3500

32 Godavari at Basra

Kavalguda,(Maharashtra

5 2005-12 4.0-

6.8

1-3 8.7-31.4 186-

1081

258-5400 800-5400

33 Uttra-Pinkhani at

Hindupur (Andhra

Pradesh)

5 2005-10 0.8-

5.4

0-2 3.8-19 1223-

15552

130 130

34 Ganga at at Tarighat,

Gazipur (U. P.)

14 2005-12 5.2-

8.8

1-6 11-33.6 23-4081 350-

220000

240-

110000

35

Betwa at Kanjira Bridge

, Sagar (M.P.)

15 2005-12 2.8-

10.4

0.8-4.0 5-39 157-176 2-

2100000

2-

2100000

36 Betwa at D/S Dukwan

Dam Babina, Birdha

Road, Distt. Lalitpur

(U.P.)

13 2005-12 5.3-

10.8

0.7-6 2.6-44 111-239 1.7-8000 1.8-49000

37 Sone at Chopan (U.P.) 15 2005-12 5.5-

10.2

1-3 3.9-44 102-421 170-35000 130-

24000

38 Sone at U/S of Deora

before Reservoir, Rihand

(U.P.)

15 2005-12 5.7-

10.5

0.5-2.0 4-44 170-232 130-

110000

79-13000

39 Ramganga at D/S

Sherkot, Kalagarh (U.

P.)

12 2005-12 4.4-

8.5

1.0-4.9 7-36 62.4-

404

200-

220000

50-

110000

- 22 -


No.

River N Period of

observation

DO

(mg/l)

BOD

(mg/l)

COD

(mg/l)

TDS

(mg/l)

TC

(MPN/

100 ml)

FC

(MPN/

100ml)

40 Ramganga at D/S

Kalagarh, Dam

(Uttrankhand)

12 2005-12 6.2-

9.2

1.0-2.6 3-16 158-436 40-160000 20-28000

41 Ganga at Dariganj, Distt.

Sonepur, (Bihar)

10 2008-12 5.8-

8.7

1.6-4.8 8.0-46 0-213 170-

220000

110-

110000

42 Satluj at Nangal (H.P.) 16 2006-13 6-9.4 1.0-2.0 2.0-95.0 114-324 25000-

16000000

610-

1910000

43 Beas at Talwara U/s

(Pong Dam), Kangra

(H.P.)

18 2005-13 6.0-

9.0

1.0-6.0 1.0-472 94-472 4300-

6600000

400-

1010000

44 River Beas at D/S

(Changarwa Village),

(Punjab)

17 2006-13 6.1-

17.1

1-5 4-180 116-180 6000-

2700000

420-

1630000

45 Markanda at Kala Amb

(H.P.)

19 2005-13 4.4-

11.2

1.0-4.0 2.0-22.0 196-294 11000-

13000000

0.1-

2800000

46 Markanda at Narayangarh

(Haryana)

17 2005-13 1.5-

6.7

1.0-85 7-4700 202-

6594

12000-

11100000

00

1260-

1070000

47 Ghaggar

u/s Parwanoo (H.P.)

14 2006-13 3.8-

18

1-27 2-51 156-504 4300-

21200000

500-

330000

48 Ghaggar at Parwanoo

D/S , Amravati,

(Haryana)

14 2006-13 3.8-

7.5

1-27 2-57 172-504 4300-

10900000

360-

1010000

49 Ghaggar at Mubarakpur

(Punjab)

15 2006-13 1.8-

7.4

3-40 17-148 168-514 110000-

21100000

0

2400-

1950000

50 Ghaggar at Tiwana

village (Punjab)

15 2006-13 0.8-

19.8

2-25 18-132 204-

1224

2100-

13700000

3700-

1010000

51 Ghaggar at Sirsa

Dabwali Road (Haryana)

13 2006-13 0-2.1 2-31 20-588 198-

1228

17000-

30800000

0

200-

220000

52 Ghaggar at Chandrapur

Siphon (Haryana)

15 2006-13 0-4.5 3-30 11-299 244-984 400-

31700000

0

200-

750000

53 Ghaggar at Sirdulgarh

(Punjab)

14 2006-13 0-

10.2

3-22 20-301 146-

1024

10000-

2600000

100-

22000

54 Ghaggar at Ottu Weir

(Haryana)

12 2005-12 0-7 0-28 17-252 1-960 85000-

26000000

0

1300-

23000000

55 Ghaggar at Sirsa

Hanumangarh Road

(Rajasthan)

7 2005-12 10.5-

6.3

1-24 10-142 132-

1114

1100-

2100000

28-

111000

56 Ganga at Sultanpur

(Uttarakhand)

19 2005-13 8-12 1-3 2-20 90-242 1300-

35000000

3600-

153000

57 Ganga at Bijnour (U.P.)

16 2005-13 7-9 1-9.5 2-13 18-242 53000-

8900000

900-

9100000

58 Yamuna at Shergarh,

Juhika (U. P.)

25 2005-10 4.1-

20.6

1-10 34-107 70-292 9300-

9000000

1500-

1790000

59 Yamuna at Mohena

Palwal Road (Haryana)

18 2005-13 0-12 2-37 34-107 190-

1162

33000-

11300000

0

9300-

10500000

60 Yamuna at Pontasahib

(H. P.)

28 2005-13 6.1-

10.7

0-3.6 1.0-30 1.0-304 10-

3300000

6-530000

61 Yamuna at Buriya U/S

Jagadhari, Mandoli,

(Haryana)

17 2005-13 1.0-

12.0

1-4 2-22 62-224 4900-

30000000

0

900-

3900000

- 23 -


No.

River N Period of

observation

DO

(mg/l)

BOD

(mg/l)

COD

(mg/l)

TDS

(mg/l)

TC

(MPN/

100 ml)

FC

(MPN/

100ml)

62 Yamuna at Sonipat

Baghpat Road (Haryana)

25 2005-13 4.5-

11.3

1-8.2 4-74 161-276 700-

7200000

800-

3900000

63 Yamuna at Palla,

Wazirabad (Delhi)

25 2005-12 5.5-

10.7

1-4 3-27 124-394 7000-

17700000

1900-

17700000

64 River Yamuna at

Asgarpur village, (U.P.)

17 2005-13 0-4 6-50 28-282 540-958 240000-

17800000

0

43000-

2400000

65

River Yamuna at

Hasanpur, Mohali

(Haryana)

7 2009-13 0-

1.35

4-26 23-82 266-820 49000-

6100000

7700-

1100000

66 River Chambal at Udi

(U.P.)

25 2005-13 6.7-

11.0

1-4 2-29 20-700 150-

400000

70-36000

67 Chambal at Fish farm ,

Gandhisagar Dam,

(M.P)

19 2006-12 6.1-

9.8

1.0-26.0 7.0-37.0 2.0-441 19-380 4-360

68 Dhela at Adampur

Village, Bhojpur

13 2008-13 0-2.3 6.0-131 62-1044 194-

1044

93000-

15200000

0

4300-

8800000

69 Kitchha at Pull Bhatta,

BareiliRoad,

(Uttrakhand)

14 2008-13 2.2-

26

0-8 0.8-50 325-450 1700-

16000000

700-

2200000

70 Kosi at Dadiyal Bridge,

(Uttrakhand)

13 2008-13 3.5-

10.4

1-4 12-82 168-380 17000-

2400000

700-

220000

71 Bahela at Badli Village,

Tehseel - Tanda (U.P.)

12 2008-13 0.2-

1.5

2-77 18-1148 264-

2012

18-

78000000

18-

10100000

72 Pilakhar at Rampur,

Bhot (Uttar Pradesh)

7 2009-13 0-7.8 1-2 12-32 278-416 7000-

1400000

40-4500

73 River Sarsa at Badhi

D/S, (Ghanoli Village)

Punjab (B/C to R. Satluj)

5 2009-13 3.0-

7.8

1-10 10-49 106-372 1180-

175000

1180-

192000

74 Sarsa at U/s Saini

Mazra , (Punjab)

6 2009-13 10.4-

12.8

3-4.21 21-85 330-540 168000-

2700000

900-2800

75 River Swan at Dhangla

Village, Santoshgarh

(Punjab)

8 2009-13 2.4-

11.2

1.0-4.0 4.0-22.0 146-312 2300-

4600000

400-

4600000

76 Ravi at Madhopur U/S ,

(Punjab)

7 2009-13 7.8-

9.2

1-2 3-10 96-370 4300-

95000

220-

4600000

77 Ravi at Lakhanpur, D/s

Madhopur(Jammu)

4 2010-12 7.4-

9.8

1-2 5-6 114-130 4300-

220000

900-4100

78 Dhansari at U/S Ganesh

nagar , Nagaland

16 2005-10 0.3-

10.0

0.7-16.5 8-82.32 80-125 17-1600 17

79 Dhansari at U/S,

Nagarjan Bridge,

Dimarpur Town,

Nagalan

16 2005-10 1.0-

10

0.1-10.2 7.8-21 90-130 19-540 4

80 Dhansari at D/S 16 2005-10 5.8- 0.3-2.6 3.4-23.9 0.08- 27-1600 17-22

- 24 -


No.

River N Period of

observation

DO

(mg/l)

BOD

(mg/l)

COD

(mg/l)

TDS

(mg/l)

TC

(MPN/

100 ml)

FC

(MPN/

100ml)

Dimarpur Town ,

Khatkati Gate, Nagaland

10.5 145

81 Dhansari at Bokajan,

Assam

16 2005-10 4.8-

9.0

1.6-4.7 6.7-35.2 0.14-

150

27-1600 17

82 Dhansari at Nimligarh,

Assam

16 2005-10 0.6-

15.4

0.6-4.4 12-31 51-103 17-220 17-26

83 Yamuna, Dak Pathar,

Uttaranchal

22 2005-2013 6.7-

10.2

1-3.8 2-77 74-162 21-

1030000

200-

39000

Note: N denotes to no. of observations made.

5.2 Polluted River Locations Identified on Close Observation of above Tabulated Data:

1. Damanganga at Jarry Causeway, D/S of CETP Discharge (Gujarat).

2. Churni at Biyojpur (West Bengal).

3. Thenpennai at Mughalpur Bridge, Bangalore (Karnataka).

4. Markanada, Narayangarh (Haryana).

5. Ghaggar at Mubarakpur (Punjab).

6. Ghaggar at Tiwana Village (Punjab).

7. Ghaggar at Sirsa Dabwali Road (Haryana).

8. Ghaggar at Chandrapur Siphon (Haryana).

9. Ghaggar at Sirdulgarh (Punjab).

10. Ghaggar at Ottu Weir (Haryana).

11. Ghaggar at Sirsa Hanumangarh Road (Rajasthan).

12. Yamuna at Mohena Pawal Road (Haryana).

13. Yamuna at Asgarpur Village (U.P.)

14. Yamuna at Hasanpur, Mohali (Haryana).

15. Dhela at Adampur Village, Bhojpur.

16. Bahela at Badli Village, Tehseel- Tanda (U.P.)

- 25 -

CHAPTER 6: ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY AT INTERSTATES

POINTS

6.1 Water quality of rivers monitored at various identified locations covered under IRBM

Network is assessed based on the primary water quality criteria of the 04 parameters - DO,

BOD, TDS and TC as depicted in Table 7. Locations showing any deviation from prescribed

range are considered as polluted and are summarized in section 6.2.

Table 7: Prescribed Standards for BOD, DO, TDS and TC

Parameter Prescribed Criteria

BOD <= 3 mg/l

DO >= 5 mg/l

TDS 500 mg/l

TC 500 MPN/100 ml

Source: Primary Water Quality Criteria for Bathing Water as per the notification at serial no. 93

under Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986.

6.2 Percentage Wise Variation in BOD Values:

Figure 1: Pie Chart indicating BOD distribution

The close scrutiny of the Figure 1 shows that:

• 75% locations having BOD concentration in the range of 3 mg/ml indicate the water

quality is meeting the prescribed norms.

• 7% of the locations have BOD concentration between 4 to 6 mg/l whereas 12% locations

have BOD concentration between 7 to 10 mg/l and exceeding from the prescribed

standards .

• 6% locations having BOD concentration more than 10 mg/l indicate that water quality is

deteriorated .

75%

7% 12%

6%

BOD (mg/l)

Less Than 3 mg/l

Between 4-6 mg/l

Between 7-10mg/lAbove 10 mg/l

- 26 -

6.3 Percentage Wise Variation in DO Values:

Figure 2: Pie Chart indicating DO distribution


• 78% of the locations have DO concentration in the range of 5 to 10 mg/l and meeting the

prescribed standard.

• 21% locations have DO concentration below 5mg/l and are not meeting the prescribed

standard.

• 1% of the locations show that DO concentration is above 10 mg/l.

6.4 Percentage Wise Variation in TDS Values:

Figure 3: Pie Chart indicating TDS distribution


76% of the locations i.e. 63 locations contain TDS within the prescribed limit of 500 mg/l.

20% of the locations contain TDS more than 500 mg/l but less than 1000 mg/l.

4% of the locations have TDS more than 1000 mg/l.

21%

78%

1%

DO (mg/l)

Below Than 5 mg/l

Between 5-10 mg/l

Above 10 mg/l

76%

20% 4%

TDS (mg/l)

Below Than 500mg/lBetween 500-1000 mg/lAbove 1000 mg/l

- 27 -

6.5 Percentage Wise Variation in TC Values:

Figure 4: Pie Chart indicating TC distribution


:

11% of the locations indicate the TC range within the prescribed limit .

4% of the locations have TC range between 500-1000 MPN/100 ml.

85% of the locations have TC above 1000 MPN/100 ml and not meeting to the


Table 8: Profile of Water Quality for Last Four Years River Location BOD (mg/l) Remarks DO (mg/l) Remarks

2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 Yamuna Ponta Sahib

(H.P.) 1 1 1.3 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.6 7.8 7.2 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Sonipat

Baghpat Road

(Haryana)

1.5 2.3 1 2 Within

Prescribed

Limits

9.1 7.6 9 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Palla (Delhi) 1 2 2 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

21.4 8.2 6.5 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Asgarpur

Village (U.P.) 10.3 9 5 6 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

Buriya U/S

Jagadhari

(Haryana)

1 - 1.5 3 Within

Prescribed

Limits

9 - 8.3 8.5 Within

Prescribed

Limits Mohena

Palwal Road

(Haryana)

14.3 - - 5 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

1.2 3.3 - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits Shergarh

(U.P.) 9.85 - - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

4 - - 3 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits Dak Pathar

(Uttarakhand) 2 26 1.4 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.4 7.8 11 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

11% 4%

85%

TC (MPN/100ml)

Less Than 500 MPN/100 ml

Between 500-1000 MPN/100ml

Above 1000 MPN/100ml

- 28 -


2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 Hasanpur,

Maholi 16 4 6 5 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

1 1.35 5 7 Within

Prescribed

Limits Ghaggar Parwanoo

(H.P.) 1 1 1 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

18 9.2 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Sirsa Dabwali

Road

(Haryana)

8 11 - 3 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

2.4 - - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits Mubarakpur

(Punjab) 38 40 4 6 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

5 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Tiwana

Village

(Punjab)

25 50 18 5 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

5.2 4.2 - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits Chandrapur

Siphon

(Haryana)

10 3 6 7 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits


Prescribed

Limits Sirdulgarh

(Punjab) 10 17 8 7 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits


Prescribed

Limits Parwanoo

D/S,

Amravati

(Haryana)

1 3 1 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.8 7.2 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

Sirsa

Hanumangarh

Road

(Rajasthan)

- 4 24 1 Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

Ottu Weir

(Haryana) 12 9 - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

Ganga Tarighat,

Gazipur

(U.P.)

1.5 3.1 2.4 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.2 8.3 8.1 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Sultanpur

(Uttarakhand) 1 1 1.3 1 Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.8 - - 10.4 Within

Prescribed

Limits Bijnor

Deoband

Road (U.P.)

8.2 0.6 1.3 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.21 - 8.4 8.2 Within

Prescribed

Limits Dari Ganj,

Sonepur

(Bihar)

1.8 4.1 1.6 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.3 8.4 8.3 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Beas Changwara

Village

(Punjab)

1 2.5 1 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

9 8.8 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Talwara U/S

(Pong Dam)

Dist.

1 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.4 6.2 7.8 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Markanda Naraingarh

(Haryana) 6 4.6 17 7 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

5.6 8 0.6 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Kala Amb

U/S (H.P.) 2.5 1 5 2 Within

Prescribed

Limits

4.7 9.7 - 9.9 Within

Prescribed

Limits

- 29 -


2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 Satluj Nangal (H.P.) 1 1 1 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.6 7.8 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Dhela Kashipur-

Muradabad

Road,

Adampur

Village (U.P.)

105 6 105 35 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

Bahela Badli Village,

Tehseel-

Tanda (U.P.)

76 70 27 26 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

1 1 0.6 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits Kosi Dadyal

Bridge (U.P.) 1.5 4 8.1 1.5 Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.6 6.1 8.3 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Kitcha Pull Bhatta,

Bareli Road

(Uttarakhand)

9 8 7.3 8 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

2.2 4.7 6.2 5.6 Within

Prescribed

Limits Sarsa Badhi D/S

(Ghanoli

Village)

Punjab (B/C

to R. Satluj)

7.5 3 - 5 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

U/S at Saini

Mazra,

Punjab

30 5 4 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

Swan Dhangla

Village,

Santoshgarh

2.1 3.5 2.5 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

Pilakhar Rampur, Bhot

(U.P.) 1 4 3.3 3 Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.4 7.8 11 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Ravi Madhopur

U/S, Punjab 1 1.5 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - - - -

Lakhanpur

D/S,

Madhopur

2 1 1 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

Vardha Pandhurana

Village

(M.P.)

3.9 2.3 2.6 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.8 6 5.8 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Mahi Bajna R.,

Ratlam (M.P.) 4.1 2 3.5 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.3 6.4 5.8 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Bajaj Sagar,

near

Bansawara

(Rajasthan)

3.7 2.4 2.5 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.5 6.6 6.6 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

Chambal Fish Farm,

Gandhisagar

Dam (M.P.)

2.9 2 5 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.8 6.4 5.8 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Udi (U.P.) 2 2 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

9.6 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Churni Biyojpur

(W.B.) 15 10.5 21 7.5 Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

0.9 0.9 0.9 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits Betwa D/S Dukwan 1.3 1.1 4.6 - Within 7.8 8 - - Within

- 30 -


2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 Dam at

Babina,

Birdha Road,

Dist. Lalitpur,

(U.P.)

Prescribed

Limits Prescribed

Limits

Kanjira

Bridge Sagar

(M.P.)

1.8 1.7 1 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

9 7.8 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Thenpennai Mugalur

Bridge

(Karnataka)

6.3 19 - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

3.7 5.6 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Sone Chopan, (D/S

before

Reservoir

Rihand)

(U.P.)

2 1.3 2 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.7 7.4 8.6 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

Deora (U/S

before

Reservoir

Rihand)

(M.P.)

1.5 1 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.2 7.9 8.7 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

Tapi Prakasha

(Maharashtra) - 6.3 5.7 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

- 9.7 9 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Nizhar

(Gujarat) - - 2.4 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - 5.6 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Ajnad

(Maharashtra) - 12.6 3.4 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

- 13 11 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Bhima Takli, Solapur

(Maharashtra) 2 3.4 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

- 7.1 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Jewargi

(Gangapur)

(Karnataka)

10 6 - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.9 7.9 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Krishna Khurundward,

Kolhapur

(Maharashtra)

1.1 1.3 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6 8.6 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Deodurg

(Karnataka) - - - - - 5.5 7.8 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Damanganga Jerry

Causeways,

D/S of CETP

(Gujarat)

23 7.3 24 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

2.3 3.9 3.8 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

U/S of CETP

discharge

GIDC Weir

1.7 3 2.3 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

8.1 8 8.4 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Dhansari Bokajan

(Assam) 5.5 - - - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.7 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Ganeshnagar

(Nagaland) 1.2 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.9 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Nagarjan

Bridge

1.3 - - - Within

Prescribed

7.1 - - - Within

Prescribed

- 31 -


2010 2011 2012 2013 2010 2011 2012 2013 (Nagaland) Limits Limits Khatkati Gate

(Nagaland) 2 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.2 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Numaligarh

(Assam) 4.4 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.4 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Damodar Sindri

(Jharkhand) - - 2.5 2 Within

Prescribed

Limits

7 7.9 7.1 8.9 Within

Prescribed

Limits Dishergarh

(W.B.) - 2.3 - 2 Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.4 7.7 7.7 8.5 Within

Prescribed

Limits Cauvery Satyagala

Bridge,

Narsipur,

Karnataka

- - - - - 6.5 6.2 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

Indrawati Nowrangpur

(Orissa) 2.6 2 2 2 Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.6 7.4 7.1 7.6 Within

Prescribed

Limits Tungabhadra Hochchelli

(Karnataka) - - - - - 8 8 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Godavari Basra

Kavalguda

(Maharashtra)

9 - 19 - Not Within

Prescribed

Limits

6 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits Ramganga D/S Sherkot,

Kalagarh

(U.P.)

3 2.7 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.9 8.4 8 - Within

Prescribed

Limits D/S Kalagarh

Dam

(Uttarakhand)

2.6 1 - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

6.6 9.2 7 Within

Prescribed

Limits Mahanadi Hirakund

(Orissa) 2 - 2 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.7 7.3 7.4 7.7 Within

Prescribed

Limits Narmada Navagam

(Gujarat) - 3.3 3.5 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

- 9.8 7.6 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Wainganga Bapera,

Bhandara

(Maharashtra)

- - 0.92 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

- - 6.4 - Within

Prescribed

Limits Subarnrekha Bheragora

(Jharkhand) 3 - 3 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.4 8.5 8 7.8 Within

Prescribed

Limits Gopiballavpur

(W.B.) - - 3 - Within

Prescribed

Limits

7.5 7.7 7.7 7.6 Within

Prescribed

Limits Uttra Pikhani Hindupur

(A.P.) - - - - - 3 - - - Within

Prescribed

Limits

- 32 -

CHAPTER 7: WATER QUALITY TREND

7.1 Water Quality of River Satluj

River Satluj originates from beyond Indian borders in the Southern lopes of the Kailash mountain

near Mansarover lake from Rakas lake, It enters Himachal at Shipki and flows in the South-

Westerly direction through Kinnaur, Shimla, Kullu, Solan, Mandi and Bilaspur districts. Its corse

in Himachal Pradesh is 320 km. Water quality of river Satluj is monitored at Nangal (H.P.),

interstate boundary for H.P. and Punjab.

Water Quality of River Satluj at Nangal (H.P.)

The water Quality of river Satluj is monitored for year 2006-13 having 16 number of

observations.

Summary of Observations:

Water Quality of River Satluj at Nangal (H.P.) during 2006-2013 is depicted in figures (1-6) :

Figure 1 Figure 2

Figure 3 Figure 4

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Max 2 1 2 1 1 1 1

Mean 1.5 1 1.3 1 1 1 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 2 2 4 3 4 18

Max 11 91 9 95 15 18

Mean 6.5 46.5 7.3 26.5 8 18

0

20

40

60

80

100 COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 136 116 114 112 124 140 130

Max 140 130 124 324 124 204 130

Mean 138 123 117 200 124 172 130

0

100

200

300

400TDS(mg/l)

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 2 3 4 1 2 1 1 16

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 6 7.45 7.4 8.2 8.6 7.8

Max 8.2 7.8 8.7 9.4 8.6 7.8

Mean 7.1 7.6 8.1 8.8 8.6 7.8

0

2

4

6

8

10 DO (mg/l)

- 33 -

Figure 5 Figure 6

Close examination of figures 1 to 6 reveals following observations:

DO concentration is meeting to the minimum limit of 5.0 mg/l during 2006-2011 and ranges

between 6mg/l in 2006 and 9.4 mg/l in 2009 respectively. BOD concentration is within the

prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l and ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 2.0 mg/l during 2006 and 2008

respectively . COD concentration ranges between 2.0 mg/l and 95.0 mg/l. TDS concentration

ranges between 114 mg/l and 324 mg/l during year 2008 and 2009 respectively. TC count

ranges between 25,000 MPN/100ml and 16,000,000 MPN/100ml during 2010 and 2009

respectively. FC count ranges between 460(MPN/100ml) and 19, 10,000(MPN/100ml) during

2009 and 2007 respectively.

7.2 Water Quality of River Beas:

Beas River flows in the northern part of India. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal

Pradesh, and flows for some 470 km (290 miles) to the Sutlej River in the Indian state of Punjab.

Its total length is 460 kilometres (290 mi) and its drainage basin is 20,303 square kilometres

(7,839 sq m) large. Water quality of river Beas is monitored at two locations : (i) Talwara U/s

(Pong Dam), Kangra (H.P.) and (ii) D/S (Changarwa Village), (Punjab) , interstate boundaries for

H.P. and Punjab

7.2.1 Water Quality of River Beas at Talwara U/s (Pong Dam), Kangra (H.P.)

The water Quality of river Beas at Talwara U/s (Pong Dam), Kangra (H.P.) is monitored for year

2006-13 having 18 number of observations.

Summary of observations:

Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 2 3 4 1 2 2 1 18

Water Quality of River Beas at Talwara U/s (Pong Dam), Kangra (H.P.) during 2005-2013 is

depicted in graphs (from figures 7 - 12 ):

200

6

200

7

200

8

200

9

201

0

201

1

Min 45000 4E+06 29000 3E+06 25000 93000

Max 9300002E+06 1E+07 2E+07 25000 93000

Mean 4875008E+06 5E+06 7E+06 25000 93000

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 610 56000 2300 460 1000 23000

Max 4900 2E+06 77000 580000 1000 23000

Mean 2755 983000 30066 231365 1000 23000

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000FC (MPN/100 ml)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutlej_River

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab,_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_basin

- 34 -

Figure 7 Figure 8

Figure 10

Figure 9

Figure 11 Figure 12

Close examination of figures 7 to 12 shows that:

DO concentration is well above the minimum limit of 5.0 mg/l during 2005-2012. DO

concentration ranges between 5.4 mg/l and 9.0 mg/l during 2011 and 2008 respectively. BOD

concentration ranges from 1.0 mg/l to 6 mg/l during 2005-2010. COD concentration ranges from

1.0 mg/l to 472 mg/l during 2005-2010. TDS concentration ranges between 94 mg/l and 472 mg/l

in year 2009 only. TC count ranges between 11000MPN/100ml and 9700000 MPN/100ml during

2005 and 2009. FC count ranges between 400 MPN/100ml and 1010000 MPN/100ml during

2010 and 2009.

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6 7.6 6.4 7 7.2 8.4 5.4 6.4

Max 6 9 7.06 9 8.8 8.4 7 9.2

Mean 6 8.3 6.73 7.9 8.1 8.4 6.2 7.8

0

2

4

6

8

10 DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 1 1 1 1 1 1

Max 1 3 2 2 6 1

Mean 1 2 1.5 1.3 2.5 1

01234567

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Min 11000 79000 3E+05 27000 1E+05 82000

Max 11000 6E+05 7E+06 4E+06 1E+07 82000

Mean 11000 3E+05 3E+06 2E+06 4E+06 82000

02000000400000060000008000000

1000000012000000

TC (CFU/100 ml)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 6 4 1 10 94 4

Max 6 14 12 6.3 472 4

Mean 6 9 6.5 1 236 4

0

100

200

300

400

500

COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 117 103 112 112 94 128

Max 117 128 178 124 472 128

Mean 117 116 145 116 236 128

0

100

200

300

400

500TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Min 1300 740 35000 2900 740 400

Max 1300 750 410001E+051E+06 400

Mean 1300 610 38000539664E+05 400

0200000400000600000800000

10000001200000

FC (CFU/100 ml)

- 35 -

7.2.2 Water Quality of River Beas at D/S Changarwa Village, (Punjab)

The water Quality of river Beas at D/S Changarwa Village, (Punjab) is monitored for year 2006-13

having 17 number of observations.

Summary of Observations :

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 2 3 4 1 2 2 1 17

Water Quality of River Beas at D/S (Changarwa Village), (Punjab) during 2005-2013is depicted in

graphs (from figures 13 - 18) below:

Figure 13 Figure 14

Figure 15 Figure 16

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 11.8 7.64 6.1 9 9 8.6

Max 13 8 17.1 12.2 9 9

Mean 12.4 7.82 11.2 10.2 9 8.8

0

5

10

15

20

DO (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Max 5 1 2 3 1 4 1

Mean 3 1 1.3 1.5 1 2.5 1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6BOD(mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 142 156 4 5 9 9 4

Max 162 180 11 16 9 14 8

Mean 152 168 7.7 9.5 9 11.5 6

0

50

100

150

200COD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 142 156 152 116 164 160 144

Max 162 180 168 162 164 164 144

Mean 152 168 161 133 164 164 144

0

50

100

150

200TDS(mg/l)

- 36 -

Figure 17 Figure 18

Close examination of figure 13 to 18 shows that:

DO concentration is meeting the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l during 2006-2011. DO

concentration ranges between 6.1 mg/l and 17.1mg/l during same year i.e. 2008. BOD

concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 5.0 mg/l during 2006 and 2012. COD concentration

ranges between 4 mg/l and 180 mg/l during 2008/2012 and 2007 respectively. TDS

concentration ranges between 116 mg/l and 180 mg/l during 2008 & 2007 respectively. TC count

ranges between 6000 MPN/100 ml and 19900000 MPN/100 ml during 2010 and 2009

respectively. FC count ranges between 420 MPN/100ml and 1630000 MPN/100ml during 2010/


7.3.1 River Sarsa at U/s Saini Mazra , (Punjab)

Water quality of river Sarsa is monitored at two locations : (i) U/s Saini Mazra , (Punjab) and (ii)

Badhi D/S, (Ghanoli Village), (B/C to R. Satluj) Punjab, interstate boundaries for H.P. and

Punjab

The water Quality of river Sarsa at U/s Saini Mazra , (Punjab) is monitored for year 2009-13

having 06 numbers of observations.

Summary of Observations :

Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 1 1 2 1 6

.

Water Quality of River Sarsa at U/s Saini Mazra , (Punjab) during 2009-2013 is depicted in graphs

(from figures 19-23 ):

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 8E+05 65000 1E+06 2E+06 6000 6000

Max 1E+06 2E+05 3E+06 2E+07 6000 1E+05

Mean 1E+06 1E+05 2E+06 1E+07 6000 58000

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 4100 1700 4700 34000 420 420

Max 4400 30000 1700 2E+06 420 15000

Mean 1700 15850 28000 5E+05 420 7710

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

FC (MPN/100ml)

- 37 -

Figure 19 Figure 20

Figure 21 Figure 22

Figure 23


BOD concentration is not within the prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l except in 2012. BOD

concentration ranges between 3 mg/l and 30mg/l during year 2012 and 2010 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 21 mg/l and 85 mg/l during year 2009 and 2010 respectively. TDS

concentration ranges between 0.3 mg/l and 540 mg/l during year 2011 and 2010 respectively. TC

count ranges between 2000 MPN/100mland 270000 MPN/100ml during 2011 and 2010. FC

concentration ranges between 900 MPN/100ml and 2600 MPN/100ml during 2009 and 2010.

7.3.2 River Sarsa at Badhi D/S, (Ghanoli Village), (B/C to R. Satluj), Punjab

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 5 30 5 3

Max 5 30 5 3

Mean 5 30 5 3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2012

Min 21 85 23

Max 21 85 30

Mean 21 85 26.5

0

20

40

60

80

100COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 330 540 0.3 250

Max 330 540 0.3 250

Mean 330 540 0.3 250

0100200300400500600

TDS (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 168000 270000 2000

Max 168000 270000 2000

Mean 168000 270000 2000

050000

100000150000200000250000300000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2009 2010 2011

Min 900 2600 1500

Max 900 2600 1500

Mean 900 2600 1500

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 38 -

The water Quality of river Sarsa at Badhi D/S, (Ghanoli Village), (B/C to R. Satluj) Punjab is

monitored for year 2009-13 having 05 numbers of observations.


Year 2009 2010 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 1 1 5

Water Quality of River Sarsa at Badhi D/S, (Ghanoli Village) Punjab (B/C to R. Satluj) during

2009-2013 is depicted in graphs (from figures 24-26 ):

Figure 24 Figure 25

Figure 26


BOD concentration is not meeting to the prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l in year 2009. BOD

concentration ranges between is 1 mg/l in year 2009 whereas maximum BOD concentration is 10

mg/l in year 2010. Minimum COD concentration is 10 mg/l in year 2009 whereas maximum COD

concentration is 49 mg/l in year 2010. Minimum TDS concentration is 106 mg/l in year 2009.

Whereas maximum TDS concentration is 372 mg/l in year 2010.

7.4 River Swan at Dhangla Village, Santoshgarh (Punjab)

The water Quality of river Swan at Dhangla Village, Santoshgarh (Punjab) is monitored for year

2009-13 having 08 numbers of observations.

2009 2010 2012 2013

Min 1 5 3 5

Max 1 10 3 5

Mean 1 7.5 3 5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2012 2013

Min 10 23 30 16

Max 10 49 30 16

Mean 10 36 30 16

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2013

Min 106 220 364

Max 106 372 364

Mean 106 296 364

050

100150200250300350400

TDS (mg/l)

- 39 -


Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total


River Swan at Dhangla Village, Santoshgarh (Punjab) during 2009-2013 is depicted in graphs

(from figures 27 to 31 ):

Figure 27 Figure 28

Figure 29 Figure 30

Figure 31


2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 1 2.1 3 1

Max 4 2.1 4 4

Mean 2.5 2.1 3.5 2.5

0

1

2

3

4

5BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 4 4 10 8

Max 8 4 22 10

Mean 6 4 16 9

0

5

10

15

20

25

COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 150 312 284 146

Max 150 312 317 146

Mean 150 312 300.5 146

050

100150200250300350

TDS (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 700000 70000 2300

Max 4600000 70000 4300

Mean 2650000 70000 3300

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

5000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2009 2010 2011

Min 1020 400 900

Max 250000 400 900

Mean 125510 400 900

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 40 -

BOD concentration is meeting the prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l in year 2010. BOD concentration

ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 4.0 mg/l during year 2012 and 2009 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 4.0 mg/l and 22 mg/l during year 2009/2010 and 2011. TDS

concentration ranges between 146 mg/l and 317 mg/l during in year 2013 and 2011. TC count

ranges between 2300MPN/100ml and 4600000MPN/100ml during in year 2011 and 2009. FC

count ranges between 400 MPN/100ml and 250000 MPN/100ml during year 2010 and 2009.

7.5 Water Quality of River Markanda:

River Markanda is a tributary of the River Ghaggar. It originates from the southern face of the

lower Himalayas on the western extremity in the Paonta Valley. This rain-fed river has very low

flow in the winters and summers, but during monsoon the water level rises abruptly. Water quality

of river Markanda is monitored at two locations : (i) Kala Amb (H.P.) (ii) Naraingarh at interstate

boundaries for H.P. and Haryana

7.5.1 River Markanda at Kala Amb (H.P.)

The water Quality of river Markanda at Kala Amb (H.P.) is monitored for year 2005-13 having 19

numbers of observations.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 3 2 19

Water Quality of River Markanda at Kala Amb (H.P.) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs


Figure 32 Figure 33

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

Min 6.2 6.8 6.4 6.79 6.8 4.4 9 9.9

Max 6.2 7.2 8.13 10.8 11.2 5 11 9.9

Mean 6.2 7 7.3 8.3 8.5 4.7 9.7 9.9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12 DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2

Max 1 2 2 1 3 4 1 11 2

Mean 1 2 1.5 1.7 2.7 2.5 1 5 2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12BOD (mg/l)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markanda

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markanda

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghaggar

http://www.india9.com/i9show/-Himachal-Pradesh/Himalayas-46473.htm

http://www.india9.com/i9show/-Himachal-Pradesh/Paonta-Valley-46284.htm

- 41 -

Figure 34 Figure 35

Figure 36 Figure 37


Dissolved Oxygen is well above the minimum limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2010. DO

concentration ranges 4.4 mg/l and 11.2 mg/l during year 2010 and year 2009. BOD concentration

is within the minimum limit of 3.0 mg/l except in year 2010 and 2012 .BOD concentration ranges

between 1 mg/l to 11 mg/l. COD concentration ranges between 2 mg/l and 329 mg/l during year

2005/2006 and 2012. TDS concentration ranges between 196 mg/l and 294 mg/l during year 2007

and 2006. TC count ranges between 11000 MPN/100 ml and 134000000 MPN/100 ml during

2005 and year 2009 respectively. FC count ranges between 0.1 MPN/100ml and

2800000MPN/100ml during year 2012 and year 2013.

7.5.2 River Markanda at Narayangarh (Haryana)

The water Quality of River Markanda at Narayangarh (Haryana) is monitored for year 2005-13

having 17 numbers of observations.

Summary of Observation made during 2005-13:

Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 2 1 17

Water Quality of River Markanda at Narayangarh (Haryana) during 2005-2013 is depicted in

graphs (from figures 38-43 ) below:

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 2 2 6 6 6 23 5 5 7

Max 2 8 7 8 22 33 6 329 22

Mean 2 5 6.5 6.7 12.3 28 5.5 114 14.5

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 206 216 196 202 214 208 240 218

Max 206 294 224 234 244 224 270 236

Mean 206 255 210 216 228.7 216 255 227

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350TDS (mg/l)

200

5

200

6

200

7

200

8

200

9

201

0

201

1

Min 1100 8500 1E+0 3600 2E+01E+09E+0

Max 1100 3E+03E+01E+01E+01E+09E+0

Mean 1100 2E+02E+05E+09E+01E+09E+0

02000000400000060000008000000

10000000120000001400000016000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

200

5

200

6

200

7

200

8

200

9

201

0

201

2

201

3

Min 2200 1330 4200 3500 3300 4500 0.1 3E+0

Max 2200 4300 15402E+02E+02300 0.1 3E+0

Mean 2200 2815 9800 75808E+01375 0.1 3E+0

0500000

10000001500000200000025000003000000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 42 -

Figure 38 Figure 39

Figure 40 Figure 41

Figure 42 Figure 43


DO concentration is not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2005,

2006 and 2011. Minimum and maximum concentration of DO observed is 0 mg/l in year 2007 &

2012 and 9 mg/l in year 2011 respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1mg/l to 2340

mg/l.Minimum BOD concentration observed is 1 mg/l in year 2005 whereas maximum

concentration of BOD observed is 2340 mg/l in year 2006. Minimum COD concentration

observed is 7 mg/l in year 2006 whereas maximum concentration of COD observed is 4700 mg/l

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6 6 0 2 1.5 5.6 7 0

Max 6 6 5 6.7 5.2 4.4 9 1.2

Mean 6 6 2.5 4.4 3.3 5.6 8 0.6

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 1 2 2 6 7 6 4.6 2 7

Max 1 2340 402 784 85 6 4.6 32 7

Mean 1 6 202 318 37 6 4.6 17 7

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 8 7 10 33 58 32 18 8 39

Max 8 4700 1379 3025 514 49 20 772 39

Mean 8 2354 695 1237 222 40.5 19 390 39

0500

100015002000250030003500400045005000

COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 296 308 224 202 266 626 244 424

Max 296 6594 890 1330 1044 470 244 424

Mean 296 3451 557 661 720 244 244 424

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000TDS(mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 1200 8E+0 4E+0 1E+0 8E+0 2E+0 5E+0

Max 1200 2E+0 2E+0 1E+0 1E+0 6E+0 5E+0

Mean 1200 1E+0 1E+0 4E+0 6E+0 3E+0 5E+0

0

200000000

400000000

600000000

800000000

1E+09

1.2E+09

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 1700133012601E+050005E+02E+0

Max 170025002E+01E+02E+06E+02E+0

Mean 1700191585636E+09E+05E+02E+0

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 43 -

in year 2006. Minimum concentration of TDS observed is 202 mg/l in year 2008 whereas

maximum concentration of TDS observed is 6594 mg/l in year 2006. Minimum count of TC

observed is 12000 MPN/100ml in year 2005 whereas maximum count of TC observed is

1110000000 MPN/100ml in year 2008. Minimum count of FC observed is 1260 MPN/100ml in

year 2007 whereas maximum count of FC observed is 2400000 MPN/100ml in year 2009.

7.6 Water Quality of River Ghaggar

The Ghaggar is an intermittent river in India, flowing during the monsoon season. It originates in

the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh and flows through Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. The

Ghaggar originates in the Shivalik Range, northwestern Himachal Pradesh , and flows about 200

miles (320 km) southwest through Pinjore in the state of Haryana. It originates in the outer

Himalayas between the Yamuna and the Sutluj and enters Haryana near Pinjore. Passing

through Ambala and Hissar it reaches Bikaner in Rajasthan and runs a course of 290 miles before

finally disintegrating in the deserts of Rajasthan.

It eventually loses itself in the sands of the Thar Desert . Just Southwest of Sirsa, it feeds two

irrigation canals that extend into Rajasthan . Its seasonal flow is dependent on monsoon rainfall.

7.6.1 River Ghaggar at U/S Parwanoo (H.P.)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at U/S Parwanoo (H.P.) is monitored for year 2005-13

having 14 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Himachal Pradesh and Haryana.


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 14

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at U/S Parwanoo (H.P.) during 2006-2013 is depicted in graphs

(from figures 44-49):

Figure 44 Figure 45

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 3.8 5.8 8.3 7.8 18 9.2

Max 3.8 7.06 10.2 9.8 18 9.2

Mean 3.8 6.43 9.5 8.93 18 9.2

0

5

10

15

20

DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 27 1 1 1 1 1 1

Max 27 3 3 1 1 1 1

Mean 27 2 1.67 1.17 1 1 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

BOD (mg/l)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsoon

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivalik_Hills


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab,_India

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haryana

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan

http://www.indiantravelportal.com/himachal/

http://www.indiantravelportal.com/haryana/pinjore/

http://www.indiantravelportal.com/haryana/ambala/

http://www.indiantravelportal.com/haryana/hissar/

http://www.indiantravelportal.com/rajasthan/sand-dunes/thar-desert.html

http://www.indiantravelportal.com/haryana/sirsa/

http://www.indiantravelportal.com/rajasthan/

- 44 -

Figure 46 Figure 47

Figure 48 Figure 49


DO concentration is meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2006

which is 3.8 mg/l. DO concentration ranges between 3.8 & 18 mg/l during 2006 & 2010. BOD

concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 27 mg/l in during same year i.e. 2006. COD ranges

between 2 mg/l and 51 mg/l during year 2009 and year 2006 respectively. TDS ranges between

156 mg/l & 504 mg/l during year 2009 & year 2006 respectively. TC count ranges between 2100

MPN/100ml and 21200000 MPN/100ml during 2013 and 2008. Minimum count of FC observed

is 500 MPN/100ml in year 2010. Maximum count of FC observed is 330000 MPN/100ml in

year 2007.

7.6.2 River Ghaggar at Parwanoo D/S, Amravati, (Haryana)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at Parwanoo D/S, Amravati, (Haryana) is monitored for year

2005-13 having 14 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and Himachal

Pradesh.


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 1 14

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 51 7 3 2 5

Max 51 8 4 9 5

Mean 51 7.5 3.5 6.43 5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 504 172 202 156 170 226 196

Max 504 344 298 212 170 226 196

Mean 504 258 250 199.5 170 226 196

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

TDS (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 5E+0 1E+0 1E+0 6900 2500 4300 2100

Max 5E+0 2E+0 2E+0 3E+0 2500 4300 2100

Mean 5E+0 2E+0 7E+0 3E+0 2500 4300 2100

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 49002E+0 600 2100 500 900 1100

Max 49003E+021003E+0 500 900 1100

Mean 49003E+088677711 500 900 1100

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 45 -

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Parwanoo D/S , Amravati, (Haryana)during 2005-2013 is

depicted in graphs (from figures 50-55 ) below:

Figure 50 Figure 51

Figure 52 Figure 53

Figure 54 Figure 55

Close examination of figure 50-55 shows that:

DO concentration is above the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2006 which is

3.8 mg/l. DO concentration ranges between 3.8 mg/l and 11.2 mg/l during year 2006 & 2008.

BOD ranges between 1 mg/l and 27 mg/l during year 2006 and 2007 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 2 mg/l and 51 mg/l during year 2008 & 2006 respectively. TDS

ranges between 72 mg/l and 504 mg/l in year 2007 and 2006 respectively. TC count ranges

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 3.8 5.8 8.3 7.4 7.8 7.2

Max 3.8 7.06 11.2 9.5 7.8 7.2

Mean 3.8 6.43 9.6 8.2 7.8 7.2

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 27 1 1 1 1 3 1

Max 27 3 3 2 1 3 1

Mean 27 2 1.7 1.25 1 3 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 504 172 298 244 280 468 272

Max 504 344 360 304 280 468 272

Mean 504 258 329 282 280 468 272

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

TDS (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 51 7 2 5 5 20

Max 51 8 17 8 5 20

Mean 51 7.5 7.33 6.5 5 20

0

10

20

30

40

50

60COD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 5E+06 1E+07 4E+06 95000 27000 4300 13000

Max 5E+06 2E+07 2E+07 1E+07 27000 4300 13000

Mean 5E+06 2E+07 1E+07 4E+06 27000 4300 13000

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 4900 2E+0 5000 2000 360 1500 7900

Max 4900 3E+0 1700 1E+0 360 1500 7900

Mean 4900 3E+0 1100 4E+0 360 1500 7900

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 46 -

between 4300MPN/100ml and 10900000 MPN/100 ml during year 2011 and 2009 respectively.

FC count ranges between 360 MPN/100ml and 1010000 MPN/100 ml during year 2010 and

2009.

7.6.3 River Ghaggar at Mubarakpur (Punjab)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at Mubarakpur (Punjab) is monitored for year 2006-13

having 15 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Punjab and Haryana.


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 2 3 4 1 1 1 1 15

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Mubarakpur (Punjab) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs

(from figures 56-61 ) below:

Figure 56 Figure 57

Figure 58 Figure 59

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 3.4 3.72 4.8 1.8 5

Max 7 5.4 7.4 6.6 5

Mean 5.2 4.56 5.73 4.5 5

0

2

4

6

8

DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 3 3 12 3 38 40 4 6

Max 16 4 24 14 38 40 4 6

Mean 9.5 3.5 19 10.25 38 40 4 6

0

10

20

30

40

50BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 33 22 40 17 148 85 46 30

Max 56 26 72 40 148 85 46 30

Mean 44.5 24 55.6 31.5 148 85 46 30

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160 COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 248 168 302 264 334 514 400

Max 366 320 408 366 334 514 400

Mean 307 244 354.66 324 334 514 400

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

TDS (mg/l)

- 47 -

Figure 60 Figure 61


DO concentration is not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2010.

DO concentration ranges between 1.8 mg/l and 7.4 mg/l during year 2009 and 2008 respectively.

BOD concentration ranges between 3 mg/l and 40 mg/l during year 2006/ 2007/2009 and 2011.

COD concentration ranges between 17 mg/l and 148 mg/l during year 2009 and 2010. TDS

observed is 168 mg/l in year 2007whereas maximum value of TDS observed is 514 mg/l in year

2011. Minimum count of TC observed is 11000MPN/100ml in year 2011 whereas maximum

count of TC observed is 211000000MPN/100ml in year 2008. Minimum count of FC observed

is 2400 MPN/100mlyear 2009 and maximum count of FC observed is 1950000 MPN/100mlin

year 2008.

7.6.4 River Ghaggar at Tiwana village (Punjab)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at Mubarakpur (Punjab) is monitored for year 2006-13

having 15 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Punjab and Haryana.


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 2 3 4 1 1 1 1 15

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Tiwana village (Punjab) during 2006-2013 is depicted in

graphs (from figures 62-67 ) below:

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 4E+06 3E+06 8E+05 1E+05 1E+06 1E+05 2E+05

Max 1E+07 2E+07 2E+08 2E+07 1E+06 1E+05 2E+05

Mean 7E+06 7E+06 3E+06 1E+06 1E+06 1E+05 2E+05

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

250000000TC (MNP/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 1E+051E+051E+05240060542150001E+05

Max 1E+062E+062E+062E+0660542150001E+05

Mean 4E+055E+052E+056536160542150001E+05

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

FC (MNP/100 ml)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 4 4 1.7 0.8 5.2 4.2

Max 19.8 4.8 4.8 4.6 5.2 4.2

Mean 11.9 4.4 3.5 2.5 5.2 4.2

0

5

10

15

20

25DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 12 3 3 2 25 50 18 5

Max 21 5 21 23 25 50 18 5

Mean 16.5 4 11.7 15.3 25 50 18 5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

BOD (mg/l)

- 48 -

Figure 62 Figure 63

Figure 64 Figure 65

Figure 66 Figure 67


Minimum concentration ranges between 0.8 mg/l and 19.8 mg/l during year 2009 and 2006

respectively. BOD Concentration ranges between 2 mg/l and 50 mg/l during year 2009 and 2011

respectively. COD ranges between 18 mg/l and 132 mg/l during year 2009 and 2010 respectively.

TDS ranges between 204 mg/l and 1224 mg/l during year 2009 and 2011 respectively. TC

count ranges between 21000 MPN/100ml and 13700000 MPN/100ml during year 2008

respectively. FC ranges between 4300 MPN/100ml and 1010000 MPN/100ml during year 2011

and 2009 respectively.

7.6.5 River Ghaggar at Sirsa Dabwali Road (Haryana)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at Sirsa Dabwali Road (Haryana) is monitored for year 2006-

13 having 13 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and Punjab.


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total

Observations 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 13

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 64 20 28 18 132 121 73 28

Max 66 34 59 82 132 121 73 28

Mean 65 27 43.5 53.3 132 121 73 28

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 410 264 204 456 892 1224 546

Max 842 442 522 588 892 1224 546

Mean 626 353 363 500 892 1224 546

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400TDS(mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 1E+06 8E+05 8E+05 5E+05 7E+05210004E+05

Max 5E+06 9E+05 1E+07 1E+07 7E+05210004E+05

Mean 3E+06 9E+05 5E+06 5E+06 7E+05210004E+05

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000

14000000

16000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 97000 89000 56000 37000 40000 4300 79000

Max 430000182000480000 1E+06 40000 4300 79000

Mean 263500135500208333536750 40000 4300 79000

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000F C (MPN/100 ml)

- 49 -

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Sirsa Dabwali Road (Haryana) during 2006-2013 is depicted

in graphs (from figures 68-73 ) below:

Figure 68 Figure 69

Figure 70 Figure 71

Figure 72 Figure 73


DO concentration is not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2006.

Minimum concentration of DO observed is 0 mg/l in year 2008 and 2009 whereas maximum

concentration of DO observed is 12.2 mg/l in year 2006. Concentration of BOD is not meeting to

the maximum prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l except in year 2013. Minimum concentration of BOD

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 12.2 4.2 0 0 2.4

Max 12.2 4.7 6 2.1 2.4

Mean 12.2 4.45 3 0.4 2.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

DO(mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 15 2 4 9 8 11 3

Max 15 8 128 23 8 11 3

Mean 15 5 54.3 19 8 11 3

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

BOD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 68 20 143 42 72 127 47

Max 68 100 588 118 72 127 47

Mean 68 60 365 80 72 127 47

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700COD(mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 306 198 256 386 604 1026 418

Max 306 640 1228 768 604 1026 418

Mean 306 419 730.7 577 604 1026 418

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400TDS (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 3E+0 8E+0 1E+0 3E+0 2800 2E+0 1700

Max 3E+0 1E+0 3E+0 1E+0 2800 2E+0 1700

Mean 3E+0 9E+0 1E+0 4E+0 2800 2E+0 1700

050000000

100000000150000000200000000250000000300000000350000000

TC (MNP/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 2E+051E+0511200 2700 200 4000011000

Max 2E+052E+052E+0590000 200 4000011000

Mean 2E+052E+058873310350 200 4000011000

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

FC (MNP/100 ml)

- 50 -

observed is 2 mg/l in year 2007 whereas maximum concentration of BOD observed is 128 mg/l in

year 2008. Minimum concentration of COD observed is 20 mg/l in year 2007. Maximum

concentration of COD observed is 588 mg/l in year 2008. Minimum concentration of TDS

observed is 198 mg/l in year 2007 whereas maximum concentration of TDS observed is 1228 mg/l

in year 2008. Minimum count of TC observed is 17000MPN/100ml in year 2013 whereas

maximum count of TC observed is 308000000MPN/100mlin year 2008. Minimum count of FC

observed is 200MPN/100ml in year 2010 whereas maximum count of FC observed is

220000MPN/100ml in year 2006.

7.6.6 Ghaggar at Chandrapur Siphon (Haryana)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at Chandrapur Siphon (Haryana) is monitored for year 2006-13

having 15 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and Punjab.

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 2 3 4 1 1 1 1 15

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Chandrapur Siphon (Haryana) during 2005-2013 is depicted in

graphs (from figures 74-79 ):

Figure 74 Figure 75

Figure 76 Figure 77

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 0.2 0 2.5 1.6 3.4

Max 2.6 3.2 4.2 4.5 3.4

Mean 1.4 1.6 3.4 3.2 3.4

0

1

2

3

4

5DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 13 4 5 11 10 3 6 7

Max 30 20 95 21 10 3 6 7

Mean 21.5 12 38.3 14.7 10 3 6 7

0

20

40

60

80

100BOD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 170 22 11 35 81 23 83 48

Max 241 82 299 153 81 23 83 48

Mean 205.5 52 130 85.3 81 23 83 48

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 898 244 326 445 484 352 368

Max 984 740 868 445 484 352 368

Mean 941 492 628 445 484 352 368

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

TDS (mg/l)

- 51 -

Figure 78 Figure 79


DO concentration is not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0mg/l. concentration of DO

ranges between 0 mg/l and 4.5 mg/l during year 2007 and year 2009 respectively. BOD

concentrations is not meeting to the maximum prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l except in year 2011and

ranges between 3mg/l and 95 mg/l during year 2008 and year 2011 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 11 mg/l and 299 mg/l in the same year i.e. year 2008. TDS

concentration ranges between 244 mg/l and 984 mg/l during year 2007 and year 2006 respectively.

TC count ranges between 400MPN/100ml and 317000000MPN/100ml during year 2013 and

year 2008 respectively. FC count ranges between is 200 MPN/100ml and 750000 MPN/100ml

during year 2013 and year 2008.

7.6.7 River Ghaggar at Sirdulgarh (Punjab)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at Sirdulgarh (Punjab) is monitored for year 2006-13 having

14 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and Punjab.


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 14

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Sirdulgarh (Punjab) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs


Figure 80 Figure 81

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 2E+071E+062E+055E+05 9000 15000 400

Max 2E+074E+063E+086E+06 9000 15000 400

Mean 2E+072E+061E+082E+06 9000 15000 400

050000000

100000000150000000200000000250000000300000000350000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 2900 5200 6100 2300 200 7000 200

Max 4400 1E+0 3E+0 8E+0 200 7000 200

Mean 3650 9550 1E+0 3E+0 200 7000 200

0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 0.1 6 0 1.4 4.6

Max 10.2 6 5.4 3.6 4.6

Mean 5.15 6 3 2.2 4.6

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 8 3 8 8 10 17 8 7

Max 22 64 84 21 10 17 8 7

Mean 15 33.5 36 14.3 10 17 8 7

0

20

40

60

80

100

BOD (mg/l)

- 52 -

Figure 82 Figure 83

Figure 84 Figure 85


DO concentration are not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2007.

DO concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 10.2 mg/l during year 2008 and 2006 respectively.

BOD concentration is exceeding to the maximum prescribed limit and ranges between 3 mg/l and

84mg/l during year 2008 and year 2007 respectively. COD concentration ranges between 20 mg/l

and 301 mg/l during same year i.e. 2008. TDS concentration ranges between 146mg/l and 1024

mg/l in the same year i.e. 2006. TC count ranges between 10000 MPN/100ml in and 19500000

MPN/100ml during 2010 and 2006 respectively. FC count ranges between 100 MPN/100ml in and

151000 MPN/100ml during 2010 and 2006 respectively.

7.6.8 River Ghaggar at Ottu Weir (Haryana)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at Ottu Weir (Haryana) is monitored for year 2005-13 having

12 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and Rajasthan.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 Total


2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 21 30 20 45 71 67 111 43

Max 124 158 301 92 71 67 111 43

Mean 72.5 94 16174.7 71 67 111 43

050

100150200250300350

COD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 146 222 276 390 586 592 410

Max 1024 880 834 714 586 592 410

Mean 585 551 556 562 586 592 410

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

TDS (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 8E+07E+036001E+010002E+04900

Max 2E+02E+05E+01E+010002E+04900

Mean 1E+02E+02E+04E+010002E+04900

0

10000000

20000000

30000000

40000000

50000000

60000000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 490007500 2100 2200 100 4000022000

Max 2E+05670001650080000 100 4000022000

Mean 1E+0537250816734400 100 4000022000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 53 -

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Ottu Weir (Haryana) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs

(from figures 86-91 )below:

Figure 86 Figure 87

Figure 88 Figure 89

Figure 90 Figure 91

Close examination of figure 86 to 91 shows:

DO concentration is not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2005

and 2006. DO Concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 7 mg/l during year 2008 and 2006

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 70 mg/l in the same year i.e. 2008.

BOD concentration ranges between 17 mg/l and 252 mg/l in the same year 2008. TDS ranges

between 1 mg/l and 960 mg/l during year 2008 and 2011 respectively. TC count ranges between

85000 MPN/100ml and 26000000MPN/100ml during year 2007 and 2008 respectively. FC

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Min 6.1 6.6 3.14 0 2.8

Max 6.1 7 5 4 3.7

Mean 6.1 6.8 4.07 2.65 3.3

012345678

DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012

Min 2 2 2 0 11 12 9

Max 2 3 6 70 13 12 9

Mean 2 2.5 4 14 12 12 9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

BOD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2013

Min 57 90 19 17 36 129 54

Max 57 90 50 252 106 129 54

Mean 57 90 34.5 134.5 71 129 54

050

100150200250300

COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011

Min 125 581 168 1 106 960

Max 125 581 644 744 106 960

Mean 125 581 406 130.5 106 960

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200TDS (mg/l)

2007 2008 2009 2011

Min 85000 1980000 450000 430000

Max 1180000 2.6E+07 1700000 430000

Mean 632500 2890000 1075000 430000

05000000

1000000015000000200000002500000030000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2007 2008 2009 2011

Min 7700 1300 4000 230000

Max 27000 111000 230000 230000

Mean 17350 83500 117000 230000

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 54 -

count ranges between 1300MPN/100ml and 23000000MPN/100ml during year 2008 and 2009/

2011 respectively.

7.6.9 River Ghaggar at Sirsa Hanumangarh Road (Rajasthan)

The water Quality of River Ghaggar at at Sirsa Hanumangarh Road (Rajasthan) is monitored for

year 2005-13 having 7 numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and

Rajasthan. During monitoring in summer season, the river is found often dry.


Year 2005 2007 2008 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 1 1 1 1 7

Water Quality of River Ghaggar at Sirsa Hanumangarh Road (Rajasthan) during 2005-2013 is

depicted in graphs (from figures 92-97 ):

Figure 92 Figure 93

Figure 94 Figure 95

2005 2007 2008

Min 4.2 1.57 6.3

Max 4.2 6.2 6.3

Mean 4.2 3.885 6.3

01234567

DO (mg/l)

2005 2007 2008 2011 2012 2013

Min 1.26 3 2 9 24 1

Max 1.26 4 2 9 24 1

Mean 1.26 3.5 2 9 24 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30BOD (mg/l)

2005

2007

2008

2011

2012

2013

Min 23 18 30 142 104 10

Max 23 31 30 142 104 10

Mean 23 24.5 30 142 104 10

0

50

100

150

COD (mg/l)

2005 2007 2008 2011 2013

Min 216 172 238 114 132

Max 216 506 238 114 132

Mean 216 339 238 114 132

0

100

200

300

400

500

600TDS (mg/l)

- 55 -

Figure 96 Figure 97


DO concentration are not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year

2008. DO concentration ranges between 1.57 mg/l and 6.3 mg/l in the same year i.e. 2008. BOD

concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 24 mg/l during year 2013 and 2012. COD concentration

ranges between 10 mg/l and 142 mg/l during year 2013 and 2011 respectively. TDS ranges

between 114 mg/l and 506 mg/l during year 2011 and 2007 respectively. TC count ranges

between 1100 MPN/100ml and 2100000MPN/100 ml in year 2005 and 2007. FC count ranges

between 28 MPN/100ml and 111000 MPN/100ml during year 2005 and 2007 respectively.

7.7 Water Quality of River Ganga

River Bhagirathi and river Alaknanda originate in Garhwal Himalayas and join at Devprayag to

form River Ganga. River Ganga traverses through Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand

and West Bengal and thereafter enters Bangladesh. The important tributaries of Ganga are the

Yamuna, the Kali, the Ramganga, the Ghaghra, the Gandak, the Kosi, and the Sone.

7.7.1 River Ganga at Sultanpur (Uttrakhand)

The water Quality of River Ganga at Sultanpur (Uttrakhand) is monitored for year 2005-13 having

22 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Uttrakhand.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 2 3 4 2 1 3 4 22

Water Quality of River Ganga at Sultanpur (Uttrakhand) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs


2005 2007 2008 2013

Min 1100 1980000 1260000 14000

Max 1100 2100000 1260000 14000

Mean 1100 2040000 1260000 14000

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000TC (MNP/100 ml)

2005 2007 2008 2013

Min 28 67000 38000 4000

Max 28 111000 38000 4000

Mean 28 89000 38000 4000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

FC (MNP/100 ml)

- 56 -

Figure 98 Figure 99

Figure 100 Figure 101




BOD concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l during year 2005-13. COD concentration

ranges between 2 mg/l and 20 mg/l during year 2006/2007 and 2008 respectively. TDS ranges

between 90 mg/l and 242 mg/l during year 2011 and 2013. TC count ranges between 1300

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 7.2 8.4 8.4 6.8 8 8.8 10.02

Max 7.2 12 8.43 10.3 9.6 8.8 10.8

Mean 7.2 10.2 8.415 8.4 8.9 8.8 10.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1

Max 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 1

Mean 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1.3 1

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 12 2 2 6 3 17 7 5

Max 12 7 6 20 9 17 7 8

Mean 12 4.5 4 11 5.5 17 7 6.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 92 106 100 94 102 118 90 116

Max 92 126 102 112 140 118 90 242

Mean 92 116 101 106 119 118 90 169

0

50

100

150

200

250

300TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 2E+02E+07E+0750018006E+01300

Max 2E+07E+03E+04E+03E+06E+06300

Mean 2E+04E+01E+01E+01E+06E+03215

05000000

10000000150000002000000025000000300000003500000040000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 3300 1110 7000 1190 3600 4000 200

Max 3300 5500 7100 2E+0 5700 4000 4300

Mean 3300 3305 7050 6230 2467 4000 2160

020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000180000

FC(MPN/100 ml)

- 57 -

MPN/100ml and 35000000 MPN/100ml during year 2013 and 2008 respectively. FC count

ranges between 200MPN/100ml and 153000 MPN/100ml during year 2013 and 2008

respectively.

7.7.2 River Ganga at Bijnour (U.P.)

The water Quality of River Ganga at at Bijnour (U.P.) is monitored for year 2005-13 having 16

numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Uttrakhand.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 1 2 1 4 1 1 3 2 16

Water Quality of River Ganga at Bijnour (U.P.) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs (from

figures 104-109):



2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

Min 8 9 8.2 7 6.6 8.21 8.4 8.2

Max 8 9 8.33 9 9.5 8.21 8.4 8.2

Mean 8 9 8.26 7.8 8.2 8.21 8.4 8.2

0

2

4

6

8

10

DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 8 9 8.2 7 6.6 8.21 0.6 1

Max 8 9 8.33 9 9.5 8.21 0.6 2

Mean 8 9 8.26 7.8 8.2 8.21 0.6 1.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 13 2 5 6 3 8 8 7

Max 13 2 13 13 10 8 8 11

Mean 13 2 9 8.3 7 8 8 9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 124 148 102 78 100 136 94 126

Max 124 148 124 152 126 136 94 242

Mean 124 148 113 115 115 136 94 184

050

100150200250300

TDS (mg/l)

- 58 -



DO concentration ranges between 6.6 mg/l and 9.5 mg/l in year 2009 only. BOD concentration

ranges between 0.6 mg/l and 9.5 mg/l during year 2011 and 2009 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 2 mg/l and 13 mg/l during year 2006 and 2005,2008

respectively. TDS ranges between 78 mg/l and 242 mg/l during 2008 and 2013 respectively. TC

count ranges between 53000 MPN/100ml and 8900000 MPN/100ml during year 2009 and 2008

respectively. FC count ranges between 900 MPN/100ml and 91000000 MPN/100ml during year


7.8 River Dhela at Adampur Village, Bhojpur

The water Quality of River Dhela at Adampur Village, Bhojpur is monitored for year 2005-13

having 13 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Uttrakhand.


Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Dhela at Adampur Village, Bhojpur during 2005-2013 is depicted in



2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 1E+0 2E+0 5E+0 3E+0 5300 7E+0 1E+0

Max 1E+0 2E+0 8E+0 9E+0 3E+0 7E+0 1E+0

Mean 1E+0 2E+0 4E+0 4E+0 1E+0 7E+0 1E+0

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000TC (MNP/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 910003100031000 900 11100510079000

Max 9100031000840009E+053E+05510079000

Mean 9100031000575003E+051E+05510079000

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

FC(MNP/100 ml)

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 20 63 105 6 65 35

Max 41 340 105 6 131 35

Mean 30 167 105 6 105 35

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

BOD (mg/l)

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 117 307 236 78 173 62

Max 210 1044 236 78 333 188

Mean 163.5778.3 236 78 264 125

0200400600800

10001200

COD (mg/l)

- 59 -


Figure 114


BOD concentration ranges between 6.0 mg/l and 340 mg/l during year 2011 and 2009

respectively. COD concentration ranges between 62 mg/l and 1044 mg/l during year 2013 and

2009 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 194 mg/l and 1616 during year 2013 and

2009 respectively. TC count ranges between 43000 MPN/100ml and 152000000 MPN/100 ml

during year 2010 and 2008 respectively. FC count ranges between 6800 MPN/100ml and

8800000MPN/100ml during year 2011 and 2009 respectively.

7.9 River Bahela at Badli Village, Tehseel - Tanda (U.P.)

The water Quality of River Bahela at Badli Village, Tehseel - Tanda (U.P.) is monitored for year

2005-13 having 12 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Uttrakhand.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 0 0 0 2 3 1 2 3 1 12

Water Quality of River Bahela at Badli Village, Tehseel - Tanda (U.P.) during 2005-2013 is


2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 480 832 540 274 428 194

Max 652 1616 540 444 428 426

Mean 566 1167.3 540 359 428 310

0200400600800

10001200140016001800

TDS (mg/l)

2008

2009

2011

2012

2010

2011

2013

Min 3E+071E+0593000430007E+05930001E+06

Max 2E+082E+072E+075E+067E+052E+071E+06

Mean 9E+071E+078E+063E+067E+058E+061E+06

020000000400000006000000080000000

100000000120000000140000000160000000

TC(MNP/100ml)

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 1E+06 41000 6800 43000460000

Max 3E+06 9E+06 6800 $5,40 460000

Mean 2E+06 3E+06 6800 3E+06 460000

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

FC (MNP/100 ml)

- 60 -





DO concentration ranges between 0.2 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l in the same year 2012. BOD

concentration ranges between 2 mg/l and 145 mg/l during year 2008 and 2009 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 18 mg/l and 1148 mg/l during year 2008 and 2009 respectively.

TDS ranges between 264 mg/l and 2012 mg/l during year 2010 and 2009 respectively. TC ranges

between 18 MPN/100ml and 78000000MPN/100ml during year 2013 and 2009 respectively. FC

ranges between 18MPN/100ml and 10100000 MPN/100ml during year 2013 and 2009.

2010 2011 2012

Min 1 1 0.2

Max 1 1 1.5

Mean 1 1 0.6

0

0.5

1

1.5

2DO (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 2 44 76 70 2 26

Max 9 145 76 70 69 26

Mean 5.5 94.5 76 70 27 26

0

50

100

150

200

BOD (mg/l)

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 18 138 159 180 101 79

Max 186 1148 159 180 789 79

Mean 102 643 159 180 311.3 79

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400COD (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 402 654 264 334 796 240

Max 422 2012 264 676 796 240

Mean 412 1333 264 505 796 240

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500TDS (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 1E+06 7E+06 250000540000 18

Max 3E+06 8E+07 250000 1E+06 18

Mean 2E+06 4E+07 250000820000 18

0100000002000000030000000400000005000000060000000700000008000000090000000

TC(MNP/100ml)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 60000 1E+06 7200 40000 18

Max 93000 1E+07 7200 240000 18

Mean 76500 7E+06 7200 140000 18

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000FC (MNP/100 ml)

- 61 -

7.10 River Kitchha at Pull Bhatta, Bareili Road, (Uttrakhand)

The water Quality of River Kitchha at Pull Bhatta, Bareili Road, (Uttrakhand) is monitored for

year 2008-13 having 14 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and

Uttrakhand.


Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Kitchha at Pull Bhatta, Bareili Road, (Uttrakhand) during 2005-2013 is





2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 22 4.7 2.2 2.5 5.6 5.6

Max 26 7.7 2.2 6.8 6.8 5.6

Mean 24 5.8 2.2 4.7 6.2 5.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30 DO (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 0 4 6 8 4 3

Max 4.3 9 12 8 10 13

Mean 2.15 6.5 9 8 7.3 8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14BOD (mg/l)

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 0.8 14 50 89 8 15

Max 5 36 55 89 42 55

Mean 2.9 24 52.5 89 24.7 35

0

20

40

60

80

100COD (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 390 325 248 240 316 526

Max 450 410 426 438 316 534

Mean 420 367.5 352 339 316 530

0100

200

300400

500

600

TDS (mg/l)

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 7E+0 7100 1000 5E+0 1700

Max 9E+0 2E+0 1000 2E+0 1700

Mean 8E+0 8E+0 1000 2E+0 1700

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

TC (MNP/100 ml)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 7E+06 1300 300 93000 780

Max 9E+06 6000 300 2E+06 780

Mean 8E+06 3650 300 1E+06 780

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

FC (MNP/100ml)

- 62 -


DO concentration ranges between 2.2 mg/l and 26 mg/l during year 2010 and 2008 respectively.

BOD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 13 mg/l year 2008 and 2013 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 0.8 mg/l and 89 mg/l during year 2008 and 2011 respectively.

TDS ranges between 240 mg/l and 534 mg/l during 2011 and 2013 respectively. TC count

ranges between 1700 MPN/100ml and 16000000 MPN/100ml during year 2013 and 2011

respectively. FC count ranges between 300 MPN/100ml and 9200000 MPN/100ml during year

2010 and 2008 respectively .

7.11 River Kosi at Dadiyal Bridge, (Uttrakhand)

The water Quality of River Kosi at Dadiyal Bridge, (Uttrakhand) is monitored for year 2008-13

having 13 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Uttrakhand.

Summary of observations :

Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Kosi at Dadiyal Bridge, (Uttrakhand) during 2005-2013 is depicted in



2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 6.4 3.5 7.6 6.8 6.2

Max 7.4 7.8 7.6 5.4 10.4

Mean 6.9 6 7.6 6.1 8.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

DO (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 5 2 1 4 8 1

Max 3.5 10 2 4 8.2 2

Mean 3 5 1.5 4 8.1 1.5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

BOD (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 16 18 12 32 33 14

Max 29 32 35 32 82 19

Mean 22.5 25.7 36.5 32 57.5 16.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90COD (mg/l)

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 332 270 330 290 268 296

Max 380 372 330 296 268 296

Mean 356 315.7 330 293 268 296

050

100150200250300350400

TDS (mg/l)

- 63 -





BOD concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 10 mg/l during year 2010/2013 and 2009. COD

concentration ranges between 12 mg/l and 82 mg/l during year 2010 and 2012. TDS concentration

ranges between observed is 268 mg/l in year 2012 whereas maximum concentration of TDS

observed is 380 mg/l in year 2008. Minimum count of TC observed is 17000 MPN/100ml in year

2011. Maximum count of TC observed is 2400000 MPN/100ml in year 200 while minimum

count of FC observed is 700 MPN/100ml in year 2010 whereas maximum count of FC observed

is 220000 MPN/100ml in year 2009.

7.12 River Pilakhar at Rampur , Bhot (Uttar Pradesh)

The water Quality of river Pilakhar at Rampur , Bhot (Uttar Pradesh) is monitored for year 2009-

13 having 07 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Uttrakhand.


Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Pilakhar at Rampur, Bhot (Uttar Pradesh) during 2005-2013 is depicted in


2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 2E+06 44000 20000 17000 79000

Max 2E+06 2E+06 43000 43000 79000

Mean 2E+06 1E+06 31500 30000 79000

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 119000 2700 700 4500 13000

Max 156000220000 9000 7000 13000

Mean 13750085900 700 5750 13000

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 9.6 8.4 7.8 10.8

Max 9.6 8.4 7.8 11.2

Mean 9.6 8.4 7.8 11

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 2 1 4 3 3

Max 2 1 4 4 3

Mean 2 1 4 3.3 3

0

1

2

3

4

5

BOD (mg/l)

- 64 -





DO concentration is not meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l. Minimum DO

concentration ranges between 7.8 mg/l and 11.2 mg/l during year 2011 and year 2012

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 4 mg/l during year 2010 and 2011

/2012 respectively. COD concentration ranges 12 mg/l and 32 mg/l during year 2012 and year

2011. TDS concentration ranges between 278 mg/l and 416 mg/l during year 2012 and year

2010 respectively. TC count ranges between 90 MPN/100ml and 1400000 MPN/100 ml during

year 2011 and 2009. FC count ranges between 40MPN/100ml and 4500 MPN/100ml during year


7.13 Water Quality of River Ravi

The water Quality of river Ravi is monitored at (i) Madhopur U/S, (Punjab) and (ii) at Lakhanpur,

D/s Madhopur (Jammu and Kashmir) at the interstate boundaries of Punjab and Jammu &

Kashmir.

7.13.1 River Ravi at Madhopur U/S, (Punjab)

The water Quality of river Ravi at Madhopur U/S, (Punjab) is monitored for year 2009-13 having

07 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Punjab and Jammu & Kashmir.

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 13 20 32 12 15

Max 13 20 32 29 15

Mean 13 20 32 20.3 15

05

101520253035

COD (mg/l)

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 342 416 400 278 412

Max 342 416 400 278 412

Mean 342 416 400 278 412

0

100

200

300

400

500TDS (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 1400000 7000 90 14000

Max 1400000 7000 90 14000

Mean 1400000 7000 90 14000

0200000400000600000800000

1000000120000014000001600000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 1200 500 40 4500

Max 1200 500 40 4500

Mean 1200 500 40 4500

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

FC (MNP/100 ml)

- 65 -


Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Ravi at Madhopur U/S, (Punjab) during 2009-2013 is depicted in graphs




Figure 143


2009 2010 2011

Min 1 1 1

Max 1 1 2

Mean 1 1 1.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 10 3 5

Max 10 3 6

Mean 10 3 5.5

02468

1012

COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 370 144 150

Max 370 144 104

Mean 370 144 127

050

100150200250300350400

TDS (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 95000 23000 4300

Max 95000 23000 9300

Mean 95000 23000 6800

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

TC (MNP/100 ml)

2009 2010 2011

Min 620 220 900

Max 620 220 4300

Mean 620 220 2600

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000FC (MNP/100 ml )

- 66 -

BOD concentration is well within the maximum prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l and it was 1 mg/l in

each observation made during 2009-10. Minimum concentration of COD observed is 3 mg/l in

year 2010 whereas maximum concentration of COD observed is 10 mg/l in year 2009. Minimum

concentration of TDS observed is 144mg/l in year 2010 and maximum concentration of TDS

observed is 370 mg/l in year 2009. Minimum count of TC observed is 4300MPN/100ml in year

2011. Maximum count of TC observed is 95000 MPN/100ml in year 2009. Minimum count of FC

observed is 220MPN/100ml in year 2010. Maximum count of FC observed is 4300 MPN/100ml

in year 2011.

7.13.2 River Ravi at Lakhanpur, D/s Madhopur (Jammu and Kashmir )

The water Quality of river Ravi at Lakhanpur, D/s Madhopur (Jammu and Kashmir) is

monitored for year 2010-12 having 04 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of

Punjab and Jammu & Kashmir.


Year 2010 2011 2012 Total

Observations 1 2 1 4

Water Quality of River Ravi at Lakhanpur, D/s Madhopur (Jammu) during 2010-2012 is depicted

in graphs (from figures 144-145 ):


Close examination of figures 144-145 shows that :

BOD concentration is well within the maximum prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l. Minimum COD

concentration observed was 1 mg/l in the year 2011. Maximum COD concentration observed

was 6 mg/l in the year 2012.

7.14 Water Quality of River Yamuna

7.14.1 River Yamuna at Dak Pathar (Uttarakhnad)

Water Quality of River Yamuna at Dak Pathar (Uttrakhand) is monitored for 2005-13 having 16

Numbers of observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttrakhand and Himachal Pradesh.


2010 2011 2012

Min 2 1 1

Max 2 1 1

Mean 2 1 1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5BOD(mg/l)

2010 2011 2012

Min 5 1 6

Max 5 1 6

Mean 5 1 6

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 COD(mg/l)

- 67 -

Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 4 2 4 4 2 3 22

Water Quality of River Yamuna at Dak Pathar (Uttrakhand) during 2005-2013 is depicted in

graphs (from figures 146-151):





DO concentration ranges between 6.7 mg/l and 10.2 mg/l during year 2009 and 2007

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 26mg/l during year 2007 and

2011 respectively. COD concentrations ranges between 2 mg/l and 77 mg/l during year

2007 and 2012 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 74 mg/l and 162 mg/l

during year 2013 and 2010 respectively. TC count ranges 21 MPN/100 and 1030000

MPN/100 during year 2009 and 2007 respectively. FC count ranges between 200

MPN/100 ml and 39000 MPN/100 ml during the year 2007.

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 9.6 8.4 7.8 10.8

Max 9.6 8.4 7.8 11.2

Mean 9.6 8.4 7.8 11

0

5

10

15

DO (mg/l)

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

Min 1 1 1 2 26 1

Max 1 2 3.8 2 26 2

Mean 1 1.5 2.2 2 26 1.4

0102030

BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012

Min 10 2 12 10 7 6

Max 10 13 29 28 7 77

Mean 10 6.3 20.3 19 7 41.5

020406080

100

COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2009 2010 2013

Min 142 105 133 162 74

Max 142 105 133 162 130

Mean 142 105 133 162 96

0

50

100

150

200TDS (mg/l)

2007 2009 2010 2013

Min 18000 21 9100 21

Max 1030000 53000 45000 14000

Mean 544500 26510.5 24775 4697

0200000400000600000800000

10000001200000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2007 2009 2010 2013

Min 200 500 510 11000

Max 39000 500 7000 11000

Mean 15725 500 2617.5 11000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000FC (MNP/100 ml)

- 68 -

7.14.2 River Yamuna at Pontasahib (H. P.)

The water Quality of river Ravi Yamuna at Pontasahib (H. P.) is monitored for year 2005-13

having 28 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Punjab and Jammu & Kashmir.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 28

Water Quality of River Yamuna at Pontasahib (H. P.) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs




2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6.2 6.5 7.8 6.3 7.7 7.1 6.1 6.1

Max 6.2 8.5 10.6 9.5 8.8 10.7 9.9 8

Mean 6.2 7.5 9 8 8.1 8.6 7.8 7.2

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 1 2 1 1 1 0 0.8 1.2

Max 1 3.64 1 1 2 2 1.2 1.4

Mean 1 2.82 1 1 1.3 1 1 1.3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 5 13 1 3 5 10 2.4 2.4 6

Max 5 22 9 7 24 30 4.6 3.2 6

Mean 5 17.5 4 5.3 12.5 17.7 3.4 3 6

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2011 2012 2013

Min 190 220 270 169 151 168

Max 190 250 414 304 185 168

Mean 190 235 365 236.3 171.3 168

0

100

200

300

400

500

TDS (mg/l)

- 69 -



Dissolved Oxygen concentration ranges between 6.1mg/l and 10.7 mg/l during 2011 and 2010

respectively. BOD concentration ranges 0 mg/l and 3.64 mg/l during year 2010 and 2006

respectively. COD concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 30 mg/l during the year 2010 .

TDS concentration ranges between 151 mg/l and 414 mg/l during year 2012 and 2008

respectively. TC count ranges between 10 MPN/100ml and 3300000 MPN/100 ml during year

2011 and 2009 respectively. FC count ranges between 6MPN/100ml and 30000MPN/100ml

during year 2012 and 2009 respectively.

7.14.3 River Yamuna at Buriya U/S Jagadhari, Mandoli, (Haryana)

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Buriya U/S Jagadhari, Mandoli, (Haryana) is monitored

for year 2005-13 having 17 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and

H.P.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 2 3 4 1 2 2 17

Water Quality of River Yamuna at Buriya U/S Jagadhari, Mandoli, (Haryana) during 2005-2013

is depicted in graphs (from figures 158-163 ):


2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 6305606101E+800120 10 16 170

Max 6308609E+4E+3E+4E+ 20 29 170

Mean 6307104E+3E+1E+2E+ 15 22 170

0500000

100000015000002000000250000030000003500000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 5900 3200 240 140 4000 2000 7 6 1100

Max 5900 4200 5100 2300 5E+0 7000 14 16 1100

Mean 5900 3700 1462 1421 2E+0 4000 10.3 11.5 1100

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000 FC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

Min 12 8 7.2 1 7.8 9 8.2 8.5

Max 12 9.4 8.04 2 10.4 9 8.4 8.5

Mean 12 8.7 7.62 1.3 9.3 9 8.3 8.5

02468

101214

DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

Min 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3

Max 1 2 2 2 4 1 2 3

Mean 1 1.5 1.3 1.5 2.5 1 1.5 3

0

1

2

3

4

5BOD (mg/l)

- 70 -




DO concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 12.0 mg/l during 2008 and 2005. BOD

concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 4 mg/l in year 2009. COD concentration ranges

between 2 mg/l and 22 mg/l during year 2006 and 2012 respectively. TDS concentration ranges


4900 MPN/100ml and 30000000 MPN/100ml during year 2013 and 2008 respectively. FC count

ranges between 900MPN/100ml and 3900000 MPN/100ml in the year 2008.

7.14.4 Yamuna at Sonipat Baghpat Road (Haryana)

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Sonipat Baghpat Road (Haryana) is monitored for year

2005-13 having 25 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and H.P.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 1 3 3 4 4 4 3 2 25

Water Quality of River Yamuna at Sonipat Baghpat Road (Haryana) during 2005-2013 is


2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

Min 13 2 4 6 4 4 22 6

Max 13 9 6 10 17 9 22 11

Mean 13 5.5 5 7.7 9.8 6.5 22 8.5

0

5

10

15

20

25

COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 185 166 92 92 62 140 105

Max 185 224 118 156 212 140 105

Mean 185 140 105 124 139.5 140 105

0

50

100

150

200

250TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 6200 2E+0 3E+0 5E+0 9300 7E+0 4900

Max 6200 2E+0 1E+0 3E+0 2E+0 7E+0 4900

Mean 6200 2E+0 7E+0 1E+0 8E+0 7E+0 4900

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

30000000

35000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 108049002300 900 230067004900

Max 1080133043004E+02E+067004900

Mean 1080910033001E+07E+067004900

0

1000000

2000000

3000000

4000000

5000000FC(MPN/100 ml)

- 71 -



Figure 168

** TDS was not analyzed at River Yamuna at Sonipat - Baghpat Road (Haryana).


DO concentration ranges between 4.5 mg/l and 11.3 mg/l in 2008 and 2010 respectively. BOD

concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 8.2 mg/l during year 2007. COD concentration is 0

mg/l and 74 mg/l during year 2010 and 2012 respectively. TC count ranges between 3300

MPN/100ml and 7200000 MPN/100ml during year 2013 and 2012 respectively. FC count ranges

between 800 MPN/100ml and 390000 MPN/100ml during year 2007 and 2008 respectively.

7.14.5 River Yamuna at Palla, Wazirabad (Delhi)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6.1 6.4 6.5 4.5 6.3 6.8 6.2 6.7

Max 6.1 6.4 8.2 9.1 7.6 11.39.2 9

Mean 6.1 6.4 7.257.2 7 9.1 7.6 9

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 1 3 6.5 2 1 1 2 1 2

Max 1 3 8.2 3 3 2 3 1 2

Mean 1 3 7.3 2.5 2 1.5 2.3 1 2

02468

10

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 4 11 6 11 20 8 5 0

Max 4 11 13 27 24 74 20 9

Mean 4 11 10 18.3 22 41 12.5 7.8

01020304050607080

COD (mg/)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 8005502202E+2E+700490900330

Max 8005507E+7E+5E+6105E+7E+490

Mean 8005503E+2E+2E+3402E+6E+261

010000002000000300000040000005000000600000070000008000000

TC(MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 3400 920 800 7800 5900 3300 1700 9000 1300

Max 3400 920 1E+054E+053E+054000430004300022000

Mean 3400 920 326701E+052E+053650171753392511650

0100000200000300000400000500000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 72 -

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Palla, Wazirabad (Delhi) is monitored for year 2005-12

having 25 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Haryana and Delhi.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total

Observations 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 3 25

Water Quality of River Yamuna at Palla, Wazirabad (Delhi) during 2005-2012 is depicted in





2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 7.2 7.8 5.5 6.6 5.5 5.9 7.1 6.1

Max 7.2 7.8 10.7 9.2 9.1 6.1 9.3 7.2

Mean 7.2 7.8 8.35 7.9 7.3 21.4 8.2 6.5

0

5

10

15

20

25DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 1 5 2 1 1 1 1 2

Max 1 5 6 3 4 1 3 2

Mean 1 5 4 1.8 2 1 2 2

01234567

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 3 14 10 4 3 4 7 11

Max 3 14 27 17 13 32 27 18

Mean 3 14 18.510.5 7.8 14.714.3 14

05

101520253035

COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 280 306 330 132 156 124 250

Max 280 306 394 328 366 250 250

Mean 280 306 362 245 223 212 250

0

100

200

300

400

500TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 42006400160052002500900070001600

Max 420064002E+02E+06E+0410024001700

Mean 420064004E+01E+03E+0252514501666

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 195 190 160 520 250 900 400 230

Max 195 190 2E+ 2E+ 6E+ 410 460 160

Mean 195 190 4E+ 1E+ 3E+ 252 195 876

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 73 -


DO concentration ranges between 5.5 mg/l and 10.7 mg/l during year 2007 and 2009. BOD

concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 6 mg/l in the year 2007. COD concentration ranges

between 3 mg/l and 32 mg/l during year 2005 and 2010. TDS concentration ranges between 124

mg/l and 394 mg/l in year 2010 and 2007 respectively. TC count ranges between 7000 MPN/100

ml and 17700000 MPN/100 ml during year 2011 and 2007 respectively. FC count ranges between

1900MPN/100ml and 17700000 MPN/100ml during year 2006 and 2007.

7.14.6 Yamuna at Asgarpur village, (U.P.)

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Asgarpur village, (U.P.) is monitored for year 2005-13

having 17 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Delhi.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 2 3 4 1 1 1 2 17

Water Quality of River Yamuna, Asgarpur village, U.P. (Delhi/UP Border) during 2005-2013 is




2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 6 45 25 18 20 103 9 5 6

Max 6 50 29 42 35 103 9 5 6

Mean 6 48 27 29 27 103 9 5 6

0

20

40

60

80

100

120BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 28 132 88 85 73 282 24 23 25

Max 152 152 97 231 122 282 24 23 25

Mean 132 88 92.5 153 89 282 24 23 25

050

100150200250300

COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 540 958 890 610 552 836 300 416 298

Max 540 958 958 792 938 836 300 416 630

Mean 540 958 924 701 753 836 300 416 464

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 1E+0 9E+0 8E+0 1E+0 3E+0 5E+0 2E+0 4E+0

Max 1E+0 1E+0 3E+0 2E+0 1E+0 5E+0 2E+0 4E+0

Mean 1E+0 9E+0 2E+0 8E+0 7E+0 5E+0 2E+0 4E+0

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 74 -

Figure 179


BOD concentration ranges between 5 mg/l and 103 mg/l during year 2012 and 2010 respectively

COD concentration ranges between 23 mg/l and 282 mg/l during year 2012 and 2010

respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 298 mg/l and 958 mg/l during year 2013 and

2007 respectively. TC count 240000 MPN/100ml and 178000000 MPN/100 ml during year 2011

and 2008. FC count ranges between 43000 MPN/100ml and 11200000MPN/100ml during year

2011 and year 2008 respectively.

7.14.7 Yamuna at Mohena Palwal Road (Haryana)

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Mohena Palwal Road (Haryana) is monitored for year

2005-13 having 18 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Delhi.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Mohena Palwal Road (Haryana) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs



2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 3E+0 9E+0 3E+0 2E+0 1E+0 9200 4300 2E+0

Max 3E+0 4E+0 9E+0 1E+0 4E+0 9200 4300 2E+0

Mean 3E+0 2E+0 4E+0 5E+0 1E+0 9200 4300 2E+0

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000FC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.28

Max 6.4 8 12.1 2.5 3.5 2.8 3.28

Mean 2 3.4 4.6 1.1 1.3 1.6 3.3

02468

101214

DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 13 10 8 4 7 2 5

Max 32 21 37 26 24 24 5

Mean 24.3 16.5 22.5 14.5 17.3 14.3 5

05

10152025303540

BOD (mg/l)

- 75 -




DO concentration ranges 0 mg/l and 12.1 mg/l during 2007. BOD concentration is 2 mg/l and 37

mg/l during year 2010 and 2007. COD concentration ranges between 34 mg/l and 107 mg/l during

year 2007. TDS concentration ranges between 190 mg/l and 1162 mg/l during year 2006 and

2005 respectively. TC count ranges between 33000 MPN/100ml and 113000000 MPN/100 ml

during year 2013 and 2006. FC count ranges between 9300 MPN/100ml and 10500000MPN/100

ml during year 2010 and 2006.

7.14.8 Yamuna at Shergarh, Juhika (U. P.)

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Shergarh, Juhika (U. P.) is monitored for year 2005-13

having 25 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Haryana.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Yamuna at Shergarh , Juhika (U. P.) during 2005-2013 is depicted in


2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 39 55 34 41 55 36 35

Max 79 74 107 75 74 79 35

Mean 61 67.8 79 61.3 65 54.8 35

0

20

40

60

80

100

120COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 386 190 235 220 222 194 298

Max 1162 442 470 452 1042 534 720

Mean 774 299 336.8372.5780.5374.7 509

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 2E+0 2E+0 2E+0 6E+0 9E+0 2E+0 3300

Max 2E+0 1E+0 7E+0 1E+0 1E+0 6E+0 3300

Mean 5E+0 4E+0 4E+0 5E+0 5E+0 2E+0 3300

0

20000000

40000000

60000000

80000000

100000000

120000000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 2100 2700 1300 1E+0 1700 9300 2300

Max 5E+0 1E+0 2E+0 2E+0 7E+0 4E+0 2300

Mean 1E+0 3E+0 7E+0 8E+0 3E+0 2E+0 2300

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

12000000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 76 -






respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 10 mg/l during year 2008 and 2005

respectively. COD concentration ranges between 21 mg/l and 107 mg/l during year 2013 and

2007. TDS concentration ranges between 70 mg/l and 540 mg/l during year 2006 and 2007

respectively. TC count ranges between 1700 MPN/100ml and 9000000 MPN/100ml during year

2013 and 2008 respectively. FC count ranges between 200 MPN/100ml and 1790000

MPN/100ml during year 2013and 2008 respectively.

7.14.9 River Yamuna at Hasanpur, Mohali (Haryana)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 7.2 7.4 6.6 5.5 4.5 4.1

Max 15.4 18.8 11.3 20.6 13.8 14.7

Mean 9.7 12.75 8.6 10.775 9.95 9.85

0

5

10

15

20

25DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 2 2 2 1 1 2 3

Max 10 10 6 6 7 7 3

Mean 5.75 5.25 3.25 3 4.25 4 3

02468

1012

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 39 55 34 41 55 36 21

Max 79 74 107 75 74 79 21

Mean 61 67.8 79 61.3 65 54.8 21

0

20

40

60

80

100

120COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 200 70 208 250 186 280 376

Max 292 300 540 340 372 338 376

Mean 245.5155.8 332 285 372 338 376

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 2500 2200 7400 8300 5500 9300 1700

Max 5E+0 3E+0 4E+0 9E+0 4E+0 2E+0 1700

Mean 2E+0 9E+0 2E+0 3E+0 2E+0 6E+0 1700

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000

10000000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 2000 2300 2500 5100 2000 1500 200

Max 1490 4300 3200 2E+0 2E+0 9000 200

Mean 7125 1532 1346 5E+0 6400 4862 200

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 77 -

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Hasanpur, Mohali (Haryana) is monitored for year 2009-

13 having 07 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and Haryana.

Summary of Observation:

Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Yamuna at Hasanpur, Mohali (Haryana) during 2005-2013 is depicted in






2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 1 1.35 5 7

Max 1 1.35 5 7

Mean 1 1.35 5 7

012345678

DO (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 11 6 4 6 5

Max 11 26 4 6 5

Mean 11 16 4 6 5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 81 31 21 23 37

Max 81 82 21 23 37

Mean 81 56.5 21 23 37

0

20

40

60

80

100COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 820 280 282 374 266

Max 820 790 282 374 610

Mean 820 535 282 374 438

0

200

400

600

800

1000

TDS (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 6100000 52000 460000 49000

Max 6100000 2400000 460000 49000

Mean 6100000 1226000 460000 49000

0

2000000

4000000

6000000

8000000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2009 2010 2011 2013

Min 7700 7800 93000 33000

Max 7700 1100000 93000 33000

Mean 7700 553900 93000 33000

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 78 -

DO concentration ranges between 1 mg/l and 7 mg/l during year 2010 and 2013 respectively.

BOD concentration ranges between 4 mg/l and 26 mg/l during year 2011 and 2010. COD

concentration ranges between 21 mg/l and 82 mg/l during year 2011 and 2010 respectively. TDS


TC count ranges between 49000 MPN/100 ml and 6100000 MPN/110 ml during year 2013 and

2009 respectively. FC count ranges between 7700 MPN/100 ml and 1100000 MPN/110 ml during

year 2009 and 2010 respectively.

7.15 River Chambal at Udi (U.P.)

The water Quality of river Yamuna at Hasanpur, Mohali (Haryana) is monitored for year 2009-

13 having 25 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of U.P. and M.P.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2013 Total


Water Quality of River Chambal at Udi (U.P.) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs (from

figures 198-203 ):



2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Min 7.3 7.8 6.7 6.9 8 8.6

Max 10.2 11 9.2 9.7 9.7 10.5

Mean 8.2 9.15 7.8758.2758.8759.625

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

Max 4 2 2 3 3 3 2

Mean 2.75 1.75 1.75 2.25 1.75 2 2

0

1

2

3

4

5BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 7 4 3 9 2 6 13

Max 18 10 14 29 23 12 13

Mean 12 6.25 8.25 14.7511.75 9 13

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35 COD(mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2013

Min 28 20 20 232

Max 140 700 320 232

Mean 92 197.5 153.3 232

0

200

400

600

800TDS(mg/l)

- 79 -



Concentration of Dissolved Oxygen ranges between 6.7 mg/l and 11.0 mg/l during year 2007 and

2006 respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 4.0 mg/l during the year 2005.

COD concentration ranges between 2 mg/l and 29 mg/l during year 2009 and 2008 respectively.

TDS concentration ranges between 20 mg/l and 700 mg/l in year 2006 and 2007 respectively. TC

count ranges 150 MPN/100ml and 400000 MPN/100ml in year 2010 and 2008 respectively. FC

count 70 MPN/100ml and 36000MPN/100ml during year 2010 and 2008 respectively.

7.16 Water Quality of Indira Gandhi Canal:

Figure 204

Figure 205

Figure 206

Figure 207

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 37006000350067004500 150 1700

Max 45002E+03E+04E+01E+02E+01700

Mean 224272801E+02E+0723358281700

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2013

Min 270 400 1500 1500 2100 70 80

Max 710010000910036000145005800 80

Mean 2842 3550 3750122757466 3192 80

05000

10000150002000025000300003500040000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

2011 2012 2013 2014

DO 5.6 7.2 6.2 6.4

0

2

4

6

8

DO(mg/l)

2011 2012 2013 2014

BOD 3 1 1 3

0

1

2

3

4 BOD(mg/l)

2011 2013 2014

COD 12 7 27

12

7

27

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

COD (mg/l)

1 2 3

TDS 194 152 166

0

50

100

150

200

250

TDS(mg/l)

- 80 -

2011 2013 2014

TC 24000 2000 2600

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000 TC (MPN/100 ml)

Figure 208

Figure 209


BOD concentration is meeting the maximum limit of 3.0 mg/l in year 2010. Minimum and

maximum BOD concentration is 1.0 mg/l and 4.0 mg/l respectively. COD concentration ranges

between 4.0 mg/l and 22 mg/l during year 2009 and 2011 respectively. Minimum TDS

concentration is 146mg/l in year 2013. Maximum TDS concentration is 317 mg/l in year 2011.

Minimum count of TC is 2300MPN/100ml in year 2011. Maximum count of TC is

4600000MPN/100ml in year 2009. Minimum count of FC is 400 MPN/100ml in year 2010.

Maximum count of FC is 250000 MPN/100ml in year 2009.

7.17 Water Quality of River Vardha at Bangaon Village near Pandhurana Village (M.

P.)

Water Quality of River Vardha at Bangaon Village near Pandhurana Village (M. P.) is

monitored for year 2006-12 having 12 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of

M.P. and Maharashtra.


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of Water Quality of River Vardha at Bangaon Village near Pandhurana Village

(M. P.) during 2006-2013 is depicted in graphs (from figures 210-215 ):


2011 2013 2014

FC 4300 2000 680

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

FC(MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6.2 6.2 9.1 6.42 6.8 5.2 5.4

Max 6.2 7.7 9.1 7.84 6.8 6.8 6.2

Mean 6.2 6.95 9.1 6.93 6.8 6 5.8

02468

10

DO (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6 2 2.3 1 3.9 1.9 2.36

Max 6 2.2 2.3 2 3.9 2.7 2.9

Mean 6 2.1 2.3 1.33 3.9 2.3 2.6

01234567

BOD (mg/l)

- 81 -




Dissolved Oxygen concentration ranges between 5.2 mg/l and 9.1 mg/l during year 2006 and 2008

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 6.0 mg/l during year 2009 and

2006 respectively. COD concentration ranges between 7.0 mg/l and 29.0 mg/l during year 2009

and 2010 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 8 mg/l and 305 mg/l during the year

2009. TC concentration ranges between 18 mg/l and 350 mg/l during year 2009 and 2012

respectively. FC ranges between 3 mg/l and 180 mg/l during year 2009 and 2012 respectively.

7.18.1 Water quality of River Mahi at Village Bajna, Ratlam (M. P.)

Water quality of River Mahi at Village Bajna, Ratlam (M. P.) is monitored for year 2006-12

having 18 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of M.P. and Rajasthan .


Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Mahi at Village Bajna, Ratlam (M. P.) during 2006-2013 is depicted in


2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

Min 24 11.5 12 7 29 8

Max 24 11.5 12 13 29 8

Mean 24 11.5 12 9.3 29 8

05

101520253035

COD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 12 28 8 165 206 22

Max 12 28 305 165 206 22

Mean 12 2007 166.3 165 206 22

0500

1000150020002500

TDS (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 320 110 160 18 68 30 250

Max 320 220 160 35 68 49 350

Mean 320 165 160 25 68 39.5 300

0

100

200

300

400

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 70 14 20 3 18 7 110

Max 70 18 20 8 18 7 180

Mean 70 16 20 5 18 7 145

0

50

100

150

200FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 82 -





DO concentration is meeting to the prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l except in year 2006. DO

concentration ranges between 4.7 mg/l and 9.72 mg/l during year 2006 and 2009 respectively.

BOD concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 20.0 mg/l during year 2007/ 2008 and 2006

respectively. COD concentration ranges between 6.0 mg/l and 27.0 mg/l during year 2010 and

2006 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 25 mg/l in year 2006 and 2009

respectively. TC count ranges between 15 MPN/100 ml and 460 MPN/100 ml during year 2009

and 2006 respectively. FC count ranges between 2 MPN/100 ml and 160 MPN/100 ml in year


2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 4.7 7 5.9 5.08 5.8 5.7 5.8

Max 4.7 8.5 9.03 9.72 7.3 7.11 5.8

Mean 4.7 7.75 7.11 6.78 6.33 6.4 5.8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

DO (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 20 1 1 2 2.2 1.5 2

Max 20 2.8 2 3 7.6 2.4 5

Mean 20 1.9 1.3 2.25 4.1 2 3.5

0

5

10

15

20

25BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012

Min 27 10 11 7 6 10

Max 27 15 26 17 26.8 10

Mean 27 12.5 18 11.3 13.64 10

0

5

10

15

20

25

30COD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 25 40 95 152 142 27 38

Max 25 40 95 185 164 27 38

Mean 25 40 95 171 153 27 38

0

50

100

150

200

TDS (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 460 140 120 15 62 27 210

Max 460 416 145 80 115 65 440

Mean 460 278 132.538.66 88.5 46 325

0

100

200

300

400

500TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 110 20 25 2 4 4 110

Max 110 22 28 16 32 5 160

Mean 110 21 26.5 7 18 4.5 135

0

50

100

150

200FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 83 -

7.18.2 Water quality of River Mahi at Bajaj Sagar Dam at Gammon Bridge, Nr. Bansawara

(Rajasthan)

Water quality of River Mahi at Bajaj Sagar Dam at Gammon Bridge, Nr. Bansawara (Rajasthan) is

monitored for year 2006-12 having 19 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of M.P.

and Rajasthan .

Summary of observation:

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Mahi at Bajaj sagar Dam at Gammon Bridge, Nr. Bansawara (Rajasthan)

during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs (from figures 222-227 ):



2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 4 6.85 5.66 5.72 5.2 5.9 6.6

Max 4 8 7.19 8.65 7.5 7.32 6.6

Mean 4 7.35 6.28 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.6

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6 6.8 1 4 2.2 1.7 1.9

Max 6 8 3 4 6.4 3 3

Mean 6 7.3 2.1 4 3.7 2.4 2.5

02468

10

BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012

Min 32 8 7 12 6 8

Max 32 26 7 22 26.5 8

Mean 32 18.7 7 16.33 14.16 8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35COD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 5 33 103 110 26 390 198

Max 5 33 103 110 26 390 198

Mean 5 33 103 110 26 390 198

0

100

200

300

400

500TDS(mg/l)

- 84 -



Dissolved Oxygen concentration ranges between 4.0 mg/l and 8.65 mg/l during 2006 and 2009

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 8.0 mg/l during year 2008 and 2007

respectively. COD concentration is 6.0 mg/l and 32.0 mg/l during year 2010 and 2006. TDS

concentration ranges between 5.0 mg/l and 390 mg/l during year 2006 and 2011. TC ranges

between 23 mg/l and 320 mg/l during year 2009 and 2012 respectively. FC count ranges between 4

mg/l and 140 mg/l during year 2009 and 2012.

7.19 Water Quality of River Chambal at Fish farm , Gandhisagar Dam, (M.P.)

Water Quality of River Chambal at Fish farm, Gandhisagar Dam, (M.P.) is monitored for year

2006-12 having 19 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of M.P. and Rajasthan .

Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Chambal at Fish farm , Gandhisagar Dam, (M.P.) during 2006-2012 is



2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 220 180 170 23 79 60 120

Max 220 310 192 58 108 97 320

Mean 220 238 182.3 40.3 93.5 78.5 220

050

100150200250300350

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 30 17 8 4 7 9 90

Max 30 75 72 10 28 12 140

Mean 30 50.3 50 6.3 17.5 10.5 115

0

50

100

150FC (MPN/100ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6.69 6.7 6.13 6.5 6.5 6.6 6.8

Max 6.69 9.2 8.5 9.82 7.2 9.2 6.8

Mean 6.69 7.5 6.7 7.5 6.8 7.9 6.8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12DO (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 26 1.2 1 1 1.7 1.5 2

Max 26 3.1 3 2 4.7 2.5 8

Mean 26 2.4 1.75 1.75 2.9 2 5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30BOD (mg/l)

- 85 -




Dissolved Oxygen ranges between 6.13 mg/l and 9.82 mg/l during year 2008 and 2009


2009 respectively. COD concentration ranges 7.0 mg/l and 37.0 mg/l during year 2008/2010 and

year 2006 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 2.0 mg/l and 441.0 mg/l during year

2009 and 2011 respectively. TC ranges between 19 mg/l and 380 mg/l during year 2009 and 2008

respectively. FC count ranges between 3.0 MPN/100 and 360MPN/100 ml during year 2009 and

year 2006 respectively.

7. 20 Water Quality of River Krishna at Kurundwad, Kolhapur (Maharashtra)

Water Quality of River Krishna at Kurundwad, Kolhapur (Maharashtra) is monitored for year

2005-11 having 10 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Maharashtra and Andhra

Pradesh.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total


Water Quality of River Krishna at Kurundwad, Kolhapur (Maharashtra) during 2005-2011 is


2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

Min 37 8 7 8 7 24.39

Max 37 8 7 17 26.5 24.39

Mean 37 8 7 12.3 16.75 24.4

010203040

COD (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 101 17 80 2 122 441 249

Max 101 17 80 139 128 441 249

Mean 101 17 80 90 125 441 249

0

100

200

300

400

500TDS (mg/l)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 360 220 215 19 90 42 150

Max 360 368 380 110 145 100 180

Mean 360 318 275 53 117 71 165

0

100

200

300

400

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 90 18 25 3 7 4 60

Max 360 24 35 32 29 9 80

Mean 360 22 29.3 14.3 18 6.5 70

0

100

200

300

400

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 86 -






BOD concentration ranges between 0.6 mg/l and 4.6 mg/l during year 2006 and 2008


2009. TDS concentration ranges between 4.0 mg/l and 28.0 mg/l during year 2006 and 2009. TC

concentration ranges between 1700 MPN/100 ml and 5000 MPN/100 ml during year 2006 and

2007/2008 respectively. FC count ranges between 800 MPN/100 ml and 2800 MPN/100 ml in

year 2006 and 2008 respectively.

7.21 Water Quality of River Bhima at Takli, Solapur (Maharashtra)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 11.5 5.4 9.3 5.8 7.5 6 8.6

Max 11.5 6.5 9.3 11 7.5 6 8.6

Mean 11.5 5.95 9.3 8.4 7.5 6 8.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 1.3 0.6 1.6 1.2 2.7 1.1 1.3

Max 1.3 1 1.6 4.6 2.7 1.1 1.3

Mean 1.3 0.8 1.6 2.9 2.7 1.1 1.3

0

1

2

3

4

5BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 22 14 18 8.8 36 9.4 2.7

Max 22 15 18 15 36 9.4 2.7

Mean 22 14.5 18 11.9 36 9.4 2.7

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 8 4 6.8 4.2 28 21 22

Max 8 12 6.8 5.8 28 21 22

Mean 8 8 6.8 5 28 21 22

0

5

10

15

20

25

30TDS (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008

Min 1700 5000 5000

Max 3000 5000 5000

Mean 2350 5000 5000

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

TC (MPN/100ml)

2006 2007 2008

Min 800 2200 2800

Max 1300 2400 2800

Mean 1050 2300 2800

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 87 -

Water Quality of River Bhima at Takli, Solapur (Maharashtra) is monitored for year 2005-11

having 09 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Maharashtra and Karnataka .


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total


Water Quality of River Bhima at Takli, Solapur (Maharashtra) during 2005-2011 is depicted in





2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2011

Min 8.4 6.8 8.8 10.4 7.5 7.1

Max 8.4 6.8 8.8 11.2 7.5 7.1

Mean 8.4 6.8 8.8 10.8 7.5 7.1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 2 1 3 2.1 2.7 2 3.4

Max 2 1.4 3 5.7 2.7 2 3.4

Mean 2 1.2 3 3.9 2.7 2 3.4

0

1

2

3

4

5

6BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 32 18 19 8.2 36 22 31.2

Max 32 32 19 25 36 22 31.2

Mean 32 25 19 16.6 36 22 31.2

05

10152025303540

COD (mg/l)

2006 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 15 12.3 36 22 26

Max 30 12.3 36 22 26

Mean 22.5 12.3 36 22 26

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40TDS (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008

Min 90 110 700

Max 500 110 700

Mean 295 110 700

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006 2007 2008

Min 70 40 500

Max 170 40 500

Mean 120 40 500

0

100

200

300

400

500

600FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 88 -





2009 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 12.3 mg/l and 36.0 mg/l during year 2008

and 2009 respectively. TC concentration ranges between 90 MPN/100 ml and 700 MPN/100 ml

during year 2006 and 2008 respectively. FC concentration ranges between 40 MPN/100 ml and

500 MPN/100 ml during year 2007 and 2008.

7.22 Water Quality of River Mahi at Kadana Dam (Gujarat)

Water Quality of River Mahi at Kadana Dam (Gujarat) is monitored for year 2005-12 having 08

Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Gujarat and Rajasthan.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Mahi at Kadana Dam (Gujarat) during 2005-2012 is depicted in graphs




2005 2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 4.5 4.7 8.7 4.6 5.9

Max 4.5 9.3 8.7 6.2 5.9

Mean 4.5 6.4 8.7 5.4 5.9

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 0.7 1 1.1 2.2 0.93

Max 0.7 1.4 1.1 3 0.93

Mean 0.7 1.16 1.1 2.6 0.93

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5BOD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 18 12 14 13 6.7

Max 18 31 14 13 6.7

Mean 18 18.66 14 13 6.7

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 54 1.2 9 9 192

Max 54 5.7 9 9 192

Mean 54 3.9 9 9 192

0

50

100

150

200

250TDS (mg/l)

- 89 -





respectively. COD concentration ranges between 12 mg/l and 31 mg/l during the year 2006. TDS

concentration ranges between 9 mg/l and 192 mg/ during year 2007/2008 and 2012. TC

concentration ranges between 40 MPN/100 ml and 90000 MPN/100 ml during the year 2006. FC

concentration ranges between 20 MPN/100 ml and 90000 MPN/100 ml in the year 2006.

7.23 River Tapi at Nizhar (Gujarat)

Water Quality of River Tapi at Nizhar (Gujarat) is monitored for year 2006-12 having 05

Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Gujarat and Maharashtra.

Year 2006 2008 2012 Total

Observations 2 2 1 5

Water Quality of River Tapi at Nizhar (Gujarat) during 2006-2012 is depicted in graphs (from

figures 252-255 ):


2005 2006 2007 2008

Min 3000 40 220 40

Max 3000 90000 220 1700

Mean 3000 30280 220 870

020000400006000080000

100000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005 2006 2007 2008

Min 1400 40 110 20

Max 1400 90000 110 1100

Mean 1400 30280 110 560

020000400006000080000

100000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

2006 2008 2012

Min 7.1 8 5.6

Max 7.2 8.1 5.6

Mean 7.2 8.1 5.6

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2006 2008 2012

Min 1 2.7 2.41

Max 1.5 5.5 2.41

Mean 1.3 4.1 2.41

0

1

2

3

4

5

6BOD (mg/l)

- 90 -



Dissolved Oxygen ranges between 5.6 mg/l and 8.1 during year 2012 and 2008 respectively.


respectively. COD concentration ranges between 11 mg/l and 30.3 mg/l during year 2008 and

year 2012 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 7.4 mg/l and 191 mg/l during year


7.24 River Tapi at Prakasha (Maharashtra)

Water Quality of River Tapi at Prakasha (Maharashtra) is monitored for year 2006-12 having 05

Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Maharashtra and Gujarat.

Year 2006 2008 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Tapi at Prakasha (Maharashtra) during 2006-2012 is depicted in graphs



2006 2008 2012

Min 19 11 30.3

Max 24 17 30.3

Mean 21.5 14 30.3

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2006 2008 2012

Min 41 9.4 7.4

Max 191 9.4 7.4

Mean 116 9.4 7.4

0

50

100

150

200

250TDS (mg/l)

2006 2008 2011 2012

Min 8 8.8 9.7 9

Max 8.5 8.8 9.7 9

Mean 8.3 8.8 9.7 9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2011 2012

Min 0.5 0 3.3 6.3 5.71

Max 8.3 0 3.3 6.3 5.71

Mean 4.4 0 3.3 6.3 5.71

0

2

4

6

8

10

BOD (mg/l)

- 91 -


Figure 260


DO concentration ranges between is 8.0 mg/l and 9.7 mg/l during 2006 and 2011 respectively. to

the maximum prescribed limit of 3.0 mg/l. Concentration of BOD ranges between 0.5 mg/l and

8.3 mg/l during 2007 and 2012 respectively. COD Concentration ranges between 18 mg/l and

69 mg/l. TDS ranges between 7.5mg/l and 123 mg/l. TC count ranges between 2300 MPN/100

ml and 9000MPN/100 ml.

7.25 River Tapi at Ajnad Shahjani (Maharashtra):

Water Quality of River Tapi at Ajnad Shahjani (Maharashtra) is monitored for year 2006-12

having 06 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Gujarat and Maharashtra.

Year 2006 2007 2008 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Tapi at Ajnad (Maharashtra) during 2006-2012 is depicted in graphs


2006 2007 2008 2011 2012

Min 18 0 13.3 31 6.36

Max 69 0 13.3 31 6.36

Mean 43.5 0 13.3 31 6.36

0

20

40

60

80 COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2011 2012

Min 53 0 7.5 13.5

Max 123 0 7.5 13.5

Mean 88 0 7.5 13.5

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140TDS (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008

Min 2300 0 9000

Max 9000 0 9000

Mean 5650 0 9000

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000 TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 92 -




DO concentration is meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l. DO concentration

ranges between 7.1 mg/l and14.5 mg/l in the same year i.e. 2006. BOD concentration ranges

between 0.7 mg/l and 12.6 mg/l during year 2006 & 2011 respectively. COD ranges between

14 mg/l and 35 mg/l during year 2006 & 2011 respectively. TDS ranges between 9.2 mg/l

and 26 mg/l in year 2006.

7.26 River Narmada at Navagam (Gujarat)

Water Quality of River Narmada at Navagam (Gujarat) is monitored for year 2006-12 having 08

Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Gujarat and M.P.

Summary of Observation

Year 2006 2007 2008 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Narmada at Navagam (Gujarat) during 2006-2012 is depicted in graphs


2006 2008 2011 2012

Min 7.1 8.2 13 11

Max 14.5 8.2 13 11

Mean 10.8 8.2 13 11

0

5

10

15

20

DO (mg/l)

2006 2008 2011 2012

Min 0.7 2.4 12.6 3.4

Max 3 2.4 12.6 3.4

Mean 1.9 2.4 12.6 3.4

0

5

10

15

BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2011 2012

Min 14 14.1 35 16

Max 31 14.1 35 16

Mean 22.5 14.1 35 16

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2006 2011 2012

Min 9.2 25 20

Max 26 25 20

Mean 17.6 25 20

0

5

10

15

20

25

30TDS (mg/l)

- 93 -



Close examination of figures 265 to 268 shows that during:



2011 respectively. COD concentration ranges between 1.8 mg/l and 21 mg/l during year 2006

and 2008 respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 6.0 mg/l and 61.0 mg/l during year


7.27 River Wainganga at Bapera, Bhandara (Maharashtra)

Water Quality of River Wainganga at Bapera, Bhandara (Maharashtra) is monitored for year

2006-12 having 07 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Maharashtra and M.P.

Year 2006 2007 2008 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Wainganga at Bapera, Bhandara (Maharashtra) during 2006-2012 is


2006 2007 2008 2011 2012

Min 6.6 9 4.8 9.84 7.6

Max 7.7 9 6.8 9.84 7.6

Mean 7.3 9 5.8 9.84 7.6

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2011 2012

Min 0.8 1 1.4 3.35 3.5

Max 1.5 1 2.2 3.35 3.5

Mean 1.3 1 1.8 3.35 3.5

0

1

2

3

4BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2011 2012

Min 1.8 11 9.4 15.6 21

Max 17 11 21 15.6 21

Mean 9.9 11 15.2 15.6 21

0

5

10

15

20

25COD (mg/l)

2006 2008 2012

Min 7.2 6 55

Max 61 6 55

Mean 34.1 6 55

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

TDS (mg/l)

- 94 -





DO concentration ranges between 5.8 mg/l and 8.2 mg/l during 2008 and 2007 respectively.

BOD concentration ranges between 0.3 mg/l and 1.7mg/l during the year 2007. COD

concentration ranges between 8.0 mg/l and 34 mg/l. TDS concentration ranges between 13 mg/l

in year 2008 and 84 mg/l in year 2012. TC count ranges between 170 MPN/100ml and 9000

MPN/100ml during year 2007 and 2008 respectively. FC count ranges between 130

MPN/100ml and 5000 MPN/100ml during in year 2007 and 2008 respectively.

7.28 Water Quality of River Damanganga at Jarry Causeway D/S of CETP discharge

2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 6.1 5.8 7.2 6.4

Max 6.7 8.2 7.7 6.4

Mean 6.4 7 7.5 6.4

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 0.3 1 1.1 0.92

Max 1 1.7 1.3 0.92

Mean 0.7 1.4 1.2 0.92

0

0.5

1

1.5

2BOD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 11 8.5 8 34

Max 16 15 24 34

Mean 13.5 11.8 16 34

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008 2012

Min 15 26 13 84

Max 15 26 13 84

Mean 15 26 13 84

0

20

40

60

80

100

TDS (mg/l)

2006 2007 2008

Min 220 170 1700

Max 3000 2200 9000

Mean 1610 1185 5350

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2006 2007 2008

Min 140 130 1300

Max 2400 1700 5000

Mean 1270 915 3150

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000FC (MPN/100ml)

- 95 -

Water Quality of River Damanganga at Jarry Causeway D/S of CETP discharge is monitored for

year 2006-12 having 07 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Maharashtra and

M.P.


Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2103 Total

Observation 3 2 2 2 4 4 1 18

Water Quality of River Damanganga at Jerry Causeway D/S of CETP discharge during 2007-

2013 is depicted in graphs (from figures 275-278):





respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1.41 mg/l and 29 mg/l in year 2012. in year

2010. Minimum COD concentration was observed 26 mg/l in year 2008 whereas maximum

COD concentration was observed 270 mg/l in year 2012. Minimum TDS concentration was

observed 192 mg/l in year 2011 whereas Maximum TDS concentration was observed31262 mg/l

in year 2010.

7.29 River Damanganga at U/S of CETP discharge GIDC Weir

Water Quality of River Damanganga at U/S of CETP discharge GIDC Weir is monitored for year

2006-12 having 07 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Maharashtra and M.P.

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 1.5 5.6 7.2 0.3 0.94 3.8

Max 6.4 6.4 8.3 4.3 7.18 3.8

Mean 3.3 6 7.8 2.3 3.9 3.8

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 2.3 5 3.2 17 3.3 24

Max 15 5 3.5 29 13 24

Mean 7.8 5 3.4 23 7.3 24

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35BOD (mg/l)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 37 26 34 101 36 270

Max 224 38 216 150 154 270

Mean 130.5 32 125 125.5 99.5 270

0

50

100

150

200

250

300COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 446 29325 192 18105

Max 25674 31262 27387 18105

Mean 13060 30293 11359 18105

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000TDS (mg/l)

- 96 -

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observation 3 2 2 2 4 4 1 18

Water Quality of River Damanganga at U/S of CETP discharge GIDC Weir during 2007-2013 is






BOD concentration ranges between 0.7 mg/l and 4.2 mg/l during 2007 and 2011 respectively.

COD concentration ranges between 4.3 mg/l and 32 mg/l between during 2007 and 2010

respectively. TDS concentration was observed 156 mg/l and 242 mg/l during 2011 and 2009

respectively.

7.30 River Indravati at Nowrangpur (Orissa)

Water Quality of River Indravati at Nowrangpur (Orissa) is monitored for year 2005-13 having 14

Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Orissa and Chhattisgarh.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 14

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 7.1 6.1 7.2 7.1 7.3 8.4

Max 7.4 7.1 8.3 9.1 9 8.4

Mean 7.3 6.6 7.8 8.1 8 8.4

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 0.7 1.2 0.8 1.4 0.85 2.3

Max 2.3 2 1.1 2 4.2 2.3

Mean 1.5 1.6 1 1.7 3 2.3

0

1

2

3

4

5

BOD (mg/l)

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 8.6 10 18 15 9 8

Max 32 11 23 27 15 8

Mean 17.9 10.5 20.5 21 12 8

05

101520253035

COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 156 176 121 187

Max 236 198 180 187

Mean 196 187 145 187

0

50

100

150

200

250TDS (mg/l)

- 97 -

Water Quality of River Indravati at Nowrangpur (Orissa) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs





2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 6.8 8 7.2 7 7.2 6.6 7.4 6.1 7.6

Max 7 8 7.2 7 7.7 6.6 7.4 7.8 7.6

Mean 6.9 8 7.2 7 7.5 6.6 7.4 7.1 7.6

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 1.1 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Max 1.1 3 2 2 2 3.1 2 2 2

Mean 1.1 3 2 2 2 2.6 2 2 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 23 2 3.2 16

Max 23 2 3.2 16

Mean 23 2 3.2 16

0

5

10

15

20

25

COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 52 28 11

Max 52 28 11

Mean 52 28 11

0

10

20

30

40

50

60TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 4500860032008000600 80042007070408

Max 1120860032008000270080042001326408

Mean 7850860032008000117080042001091408

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000TC (MPN/100ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 63 190800290200200100816141

Max 200190800290690200100400141

Mean 132190800290303200100238141

010002000300040005000600070008000

FC (MPN/100ml)

- 98 -


DO concentration ranges between 6.1 mg/l and 8.0mg/l during year 2012 and 2006 respectively.

BOD concentration ranges between ranges between 1.1 mg/l and 3.1 mg/l during 2005 and 2010

respectively. COD concentration ranges between 2mg/l and 23 mg/l during year 2010 and 2009

respectively. TDS ranges between 11 mg/l and 52mg/l during year 2011 and 2009 respectively.

TC count ranges between 408 MPN/100 ml and 27000 MPN/100 ml during year 2013 and 2009

respectively. FC count ranges between 63 MPN/100 ml and 6900 MPN/100 ml during year 2005


7.31 Water Quality of River Mahanadi at Hirakund (Orissa)

Water Quality of Water Quality of River Mahanadi at Hirakund (Orissa) is monitored for year

2005-13 having 14 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Orissa and Chhattisgarh .


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 14

Water Quality of River Mahanadi at Hirakund (Orissa) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs




2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 7.2 7.3 7.4 7 7 7.7 7.3 6.4 7.7

Max 7.2 7.3 7.4 7 7.6 7.7 7.3 8.3 7.7

Mean 7.2 7.3 7.4 7 7.3 7.7 7.3 7.4 7.7

02468

10

DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 0 0 1 3 2 2 0 2

Max 0 0 1 3 3 2 0 2

Mean 0 0 1 3 2.3 2 0 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 15 7 6.8

Max 15 7 6.8

Mean 15 7 6.8

0

5

10

15

20COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 30 15 11

Max 30 15 11

Mean 30 15 11

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

TDS (mg/l)

- 99 -



DO concentration is meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l in each observation.

Concentration of DO ranges between 6.4 mg/l and 7.7 mg/l during year 2012 and 2010

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l during year 2005 and

2009 respectively. COD concentration ranges between 6.8 mg/l and 15 mg/l during 2011 and

2009 respectively. TDS ranges between 11 mg/l and 30mg/l during year 2011 and 2009

respectively. TC count ranges between 816 MPN/100ml and 97600 MPN/100 ml during year

2012 and 2006 respectively. FC count ranges between 100 MPN/100 ml and 28280 MPN/100 ml


7.32 River Churni at Bijoypur (West Bengal)

Water Quality of Water Quality of River Churni at Bijoypur (West Bengal) is monitored for year

2005-13 having 17 Number of observations at the boundary of West Bengal and Bangladesh .


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 1 2 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 17

Water Quality of River Churni at Bijoypur (West Bengal) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs



2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 560976370540170190390816306

Max 101976370540177190390132306

Mean 785976370540880190390736306

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000TC (MPN/100ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 100 180 900 110 500 600 120 204 282

Max 100 180 900 110 400 600 120 430 282

Mean 100 180 900 110 190 600 120 207 282

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

FC (MPN/100ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 3.2 1 1 5.8 1 0.9 0 0.3

Max 3.2 3.2 3.2 5.8 4.2 0.9 2.3 1.8

Mean 3.2 2.1 2.1 5.8 3.1 0.9 0.9 0.9

01

234

56

7DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 3 2 4 3 5 15 4.6 10 7.5

Max 3 12 7 3 9 15 16 31 7.5

Mean 3 7 5.5 3 7 15 10.5 21 7.5

05

101520253035

BOD (mg/l)

- 100 -




DO concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 5.8 during year 2011 and year 2010 respectively.

BOD concentration ranges between 2 mg/l and 31.0 mg/l during year 2006 and 2012 respectively.

COD concentration ranges between 8 mg/l and 121 in year 2009. TDS concentration ranges


1224 MPN/100 ml and 146000 MPN/100 ml during the year 2012. FC count ranges between 204

MPN/100 ml and 30600 MPN/100 ml during the year 2012.

7.33Water Quality of River Damodar

Water Quality of River Damodar is monitored at two locations: (i) Sindri (Jharkhand) and

Dishergarh (West Bengal) at interstate boundaries of West Bengal and Jharkhand.

7.33.1 River Damodar at Sindri (Jharkhand)

Water Quality of River Damodar at Sindri (Jharkhand) is monitored at is monitored for 2005-13

having 17 Number of observations at the boundary of West Bengal and Jharkhand.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 17

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 8 53 78 121

Max 8 53 78 121

Mean 8 53 78 121

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 239 31 102

Max 239 31 102

Mean 239 31 102

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

TDS(mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 410 1E+ 380 114 587 1E+ 750 122 166

Max 410 1E+ 960 114 587 1E+ 123 927 166

Mean 410 1E+ 499 114 587 1E+ 990 369 166

020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000

TC (MPN/100ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 150960100240420270120204164

Max 150960236240420270430306164

Mean 150960123240420270275106164

05000

100001500020000250003000035000

FC(MPN/100ml)

- 101 -

Water Quality of River River Damodar at Sindri (Jharkhand) during 2005-2013 is depicted in






BOD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l. TC count ranges between 1734

MPN/100 ml and 61200 MPN/100 ml during year 2013 and 2005 respectively. FC count ranges

between 600 MPN/100 ml and 52000 MPN/100 ml during year 2012and 2007 respectively.

7.33.2 Water Quality of River Damodar at Dishergarh (West Bengal)

Water Quality of River Damodar at at Dishergarh (West Bengal) is monitored for 2005-13 having

17 Number of observations at the boundary of West Bengal and Jharkhand.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 17

Water Quality of River Damodar at Dishergarh (West Bengal) during 2005-2013 is depicted in


2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 7 8 6.9 7.6 7.1 7 7 4.9 8.9

Max 8.2 8 8 7.6 7.5 7 8.8 8.5 8.9

Mean 7.6 8 7.4 7.6 7.3 7 7.9 7.1 8.9

02468

10

DO(mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 3 3 1 2 2 0 2 2

Max 3 3 3 2 2 0 3 2

Mean 3 3 2 2 2 0 2.5 2

00.5

11.5

22.5

33.5

BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 208 1E+ 290 500 310 355 470 510 173

Max 612 1E+ 800 500 1E+ 355 298 265 173

Mean 410 1E+ 545 500 686 355 147 132 173

020000400006000080000

100000120000140000160000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 800405230150130117120600111

Max 120405520150128117170171111

Mean 100405316150676117150101111

0100002000030000400005000060000

FC (MPN/100ml)

- 102 -



Figure 309


DO concentration is meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l in each

observation. DO concentration ranges between is 6.1 mg/l and 9.3 mg/l during year 2012

BOD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l during year 2010 and 2008

respectively. COD concentration ranges between 6 mg/l and 28 mg/l between year 2010

and 2009 respectively. TC count ranges between 200 MPN/100ml and 448000

MPN/100ml during year 2007 and 2009 respectively. FC count ranges between 300

MPN/100ml and 83600 MPN/100ml during year 2007 and year 2006/ 2007 respectively.

7.34 Water Quality of River Subarnarekha

7.34.1 River Subarnarekha at Behragora (Jharkhand)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 6.5 7.2 7.1 8.2 7.2 7.4 7.2 6.1 8.5

Max 8 7.2 7.5 8.2 7.3 7.4 8.1 9.3 8.5

Mean 7.3 7.2 7.3 8.2 7.2 7.47.747.7 8.5

0123456789

10DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2013

Min 3 2 1 3 1 0 2 2

Max 3 2 2 3 2 0 2.6 2

Mean 3 2 1.7 3 1.7 0 2.3 2

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 28 6 12 8

Max 28 6 12 8

Mean 28 6 12 8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 11802E+0200580069002460720011225100

Max 30602E+02E+058004E+04510461032105100

Mean 21202E+0685358002E+03826316319205100

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000TC (MPN/100ml)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Min 700 83600 300 2500 10100 11300 2800 3060 2222

Max 4000 83600 83600 2500 54100 14400 7100 8080 2222

Mean 2350 83600 29333 2500 30366 13367 4533.3 5013.3 2222

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000FC (MPN/100ml)

- 103 -

Water Quality of River Subarnarekha at Behragora (Jharkhand) is monitored for 2005-13 having

17 Number of observations at the international boundary of Jharkhand and Odisha.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 17

Water Quality of River Subarnarekha at Behragora (Jharkhand) during 2005-2013 is depicted in







concentration ranges between 0.0 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l during year 2006 and 2012. COD concentration

ranges between 0 mg/l and 13.0 mg/l during year 2009 and 2010. Concentration of TDS ranges

between 7 MPN/100 ml and 47 MPN/100 ml during year 2011 and 2009. TC count ranges between

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 6.8 8.2 7.3 7.2 7 7 7.1 7.1 7.8

Max 8.5 8.2 7.3 7.2 7.8 7.8 9.7 9.1 7.8

Mean 7.7 8.2 7.3 7.2 7.3 7.4 8.5 8 7.8

02468

1012

DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2012

Min 1 0 1 3 2 3 3

Max 1 0 2 3 3 3 3

Mean 1 0 1.5 3 2.5 3 3

0

1

2

3

4BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 0 13 10

Max 0 13 10

Mean 0 13 10

0

5

10

15COD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011

Min 47 15 7

Max 47 15 7

Mean 47 15 7

0

10

20

30

40

50TDS (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 120590190540200190670173797

Max 2345901885402E+950538100797

Mean 177590103540760696238635797

050000

100000150000200000250000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 200120200600500800140714808

Max 4001202446001E+730112280808

Mean 210120123600391513530144808

020000400006000080000

100000120000

FC (MPN/100ml)

- 104 -

1734 MPN/100 ml and 197000 MPN/100 ml during year 2012 and 2009 respectively. FC count

ranges between 200 MPN/100 ml and 109000 MPN/100 ml during year 2005 and 2009 respectively.

7.34.2 River Subarnarekha at Gopiballavpur (West Bengal)

Water Quality of River at Gopiballavpur (West Bengal) is monitored for 2005-13 having 17

Number of observations at the boundary of West Bengal and Odisha.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 17

Water Quality of River Subarnarekha at Gopiballavpur (West Bengal) during 2005-2013 is




Figure 321


2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 6.4 8 7.5 7.1 7.15 7.2 6.8 6.4 8

Max 8.5 8 7.8 7.1 7.7 7.85 8.2 8.7 8

Mean 7.5 8 7.7 7.1 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.7 8

0

2

4

6

8

10 DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

Min 0 2 2 3 2 0 3

Max 0 2 2 3 2 0 3

Mean 0 2 2 3 2 0 3

0

1

2

3

4BOD (mg/l)

2005 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 0 2 9 4 9

Max 0 2 9 4 9

Mean 0 2 9 4 9

0

2

4

6

8

10COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 1280011700 1200 7400 13000 2100 6100 306 505

Max 1320011700 2300 7400 62400138005140017340 505

Mean 1300011700 1750 7400 36633 9900 22000 9382 505

0

20000

40000

60000

80000TC (MPN/100ml)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 2400 1300 400 900 7100 1000 1600 1111 202

Max 3200 1300 2000 900 304003200 9600 3468 202

Mean 2800 1300 1200 900 151662467 4700 2593 202

0

10000

20000

30000

40000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 105 -

DO concentration is meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l in each

observation. DO concentration ranges between 6.4 mg/l and 8.7 mg/l during 2005 and

2012 respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l during 2005

and 2012 respectively. COD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 9.0 mg/l during year

2005 and 2012 respectively. TC count ranges between 306 MPN/100 ml and 62400

MPN/100 ml during year 2012 and 2009 respectively. FC count ranges between 202

MPN/100 ml and 30400 MPN/100 ml during year 2013 and 2009 respectively.

7.34.3 River Subarnarekha at Loknath (Odisha)

Water Quality of River at Subarnarekha at Loknath (Odisha) is monitored for 2005-13 having 17

Number of observations at the boundary of West Bengal and Odisha.


Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Total

Observations 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 1 17

Water Quality of River Subarnarekha at Loknath (Odissa) during 2005-2013 is depicted in graphs




2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 6.8 7.2 7.5 7.2 7.2 7.1 8 6.1 8.5

Max 8.2 7.2 8 7.2 7.6 8.9 9.7 9.2 8.5

Mean 7.5 7.2 7.8 7.2 7.4 7.7 8.9 7.7 8.5

0

5

10

15DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2012

2013

Min 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 2.6

Max 2 0 2 2 2 2 2 2.6

Mean 2 0 2 2 1.3 2 2 2.6

0

1

2

3BOD (mg/l)

2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 12 8 3 5

Max 12 8 3 5

Mean 12 8 3 5

0

5

10

15COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 780 143 220 853 379 170 570 510 454

Max 477 143 450 853 443 189 112 780 454

Mean 277 143 335 853 411 131 845 314 454

020000400006000080000

100000TC (MPN/100ml)

- 106 -

Figure 326


DO concentration ranges between 6.1mg/l and 9.7 mg/l during 2012 and 2011 respectively. BOD

concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 2.6 mg/l during year 2006/2009 and 2013 respectively.

COD concentration ranges between 3 mg/l and 12 mg/l during year 2011 and 2009 respectively. TC

count ranges between 510 MPN/100ml and 85300 MPN/100 ml during year 2012 and 2008

respectively. FC count ranges between 202 MPN/100ml and 6000 MPN/100 ml during year 2013 and

2008 respectively.

7.35 Water Quality of River Cauvery

River Cauvery at Satyagala Bridge, Narsipur (Karnataka)

Water Quality of River Cauvery at Satyagala Bridge, Narsipur (Karnataka) is monitored for 2005-

11 having 08 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Karnataka and Tamilnadu.


Year 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total


Water Quality of River Cauvery at Satyagala Bridge, Narsipur (Karnataka) during 2005-2011 is



2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Min 350300300600330110500204202

Max 350300400600330320330900202

Mean 350300350600330250190470202

0

2000

4000

6000

8000FC (MPN/100ml)

2005 2008 2010 2011

Min 7.3 6 6.5 6.2

Max 7.5 8.6 6.5 6.2

Mean 7.4 6.3 6.5 6.2

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009

Min 0.3 1 5

Max 1.6 2 5

Mean 0.9 1.3 5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6BOD (mg/l)

- 107 -

Figure 329



BOD concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 5 mg/l during year 2010 and 2009 respectively.

COD ranges between 3.04 mg/l and 61.0 mg/l during year 2010 and 2009.

7.36 Water Quality of River Thenpennai (South Pennar) at Mugalur Bridge, Bangalore

(Karnataka)

Water Quality of River Thenpennai (South Pennar) at Mugalur Bridge, Bangalore (Karnataka) is

monitored for 2005-11 having 11 Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Karnataka

and Tamilnadu.


Year 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total


Water Quality of River Thenpennai (South Pennar) at Mugalur Bridge, Bangalore (Karnataka)

during 2005-2011 is depicted in graphs (from figures 330-332 ):


2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 3.04 8.5 61 16 16

Max 12 30 61 16 16

Mean 8.9 15.7 61 16 16

0

20

40

60

80COD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 1 2.1 1.8 2.1 5.6

Max 3 2.8 1.8 6 5.6

Mean 1.7 2.5 1.8 3.7 5.6

0

2

4

6

8DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 9.6 5.2 2 2 19

Max 33 19 13 15 19

Mean 20.2 12.1 7.5 6.3 19

0

10

20

30

40BOD (mg/l)

- 108 -

Figure 332


DO concentration ranges between 1.0 & 6.0 mg/l during year 2005 & 2010. BOD concentration

ranges between 2 mg/l and 33 mg/l during 2009 & 2005 respectively. COD concentration 24.3 mg/l

and 104 mg/l during 2005 & 2009 respectively.

7.37 Water Quality of River Krishna at Deodurg (Karnataka)

Water Quality of River Krishna at Deodurg (Karnataka) is monitored for 2005-11 having

08Number of observations at the interstate boundary of Karnataka and Tamilnadu.


Year 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total


Water Quality of River Krishna at Deodurg (Karnataka) during 2005-2011 is depicted in graphs



2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 24.3 32.3 30 30 79

Max 93 63 104 47 79

Mean 66.2 47.7 67 39 79

0

50

100

150COD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 7 7.5 7.9 5.5 7.8

Max 7.3 7.8 7.9 5.5 7.8

Mean 7.2 7.7 7.9 5.5 7.8

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009

Min 0.2 0 1.4

Max 0.2 1.61 1.4

Mean 0.2 0.8 1.4

0

0.5

1

1.5

2BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 2 6.4 12 8 16

Max 16 10 12 8 16

Mean 6.8 8.2 12 8 16

0

5

10

15

20COD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009

Min 650 21 90

Max 650 22000 90

Mean 650 11010.5 90

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 109 -




BOD ranges between 0 mg/l and 1.6 mg/l during year 2008 only. COD ranges between 2 mg/l and

16 mg/l during year 2005 and 2011respectively. TC ranges between 21MPN/100 ml and 22000

MPN/100 ml during year 2008 only.

7.38 Water Quality of River Tungabhadra at Hochchelli (Karnataka)

Water Quality of River Tungabhadra at Hochchelli (Karnataka)is monitored for 2005-11 having

08 Number of observations at the interstate boundaries of Karnataka and Maharashtra


Water Quality of Tungabhadra at River Hochchelli (Karnataka)during 2005-2011 is depicted in



Figure 338


DO concentration ranges between 4.0 mg/l and 12.0 mg/l in year 2010. BOD concentration ranges

between 0 mg/l and 7.4 mg/l during year 2008 and 2010 respectively. COD ranges between 1.5

2005 2008 2010 2011

Min 8 7.3 4 8

Max 9 8.2 12 8

Mean 8.5 7.8 8 8

0

5

10

15DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2010 2011

Min 1.52 4 10 8

Max 16 12.2 19 8

Mean 9.8 8.1 14.8 8

0

5

10

15

20

COD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2010 2011

Min 1100 13 1600 4800

Max 1100 16100 1600 4800

Mean 1100 8056 1600 4800

0

5000

10000

15000

20000TC (MPN/100 ml)

Year 2005 2008 2010 2011 Total


- 110 -

mg/l and 19mg/l during year 2005 and 2010 respectively. TC ranges between 13 MPN/100 ml

and 16100 MPN/100 ml in the year 2008.

7.39 River Bhima at Jewargi, Gangapur, (Karnataka)

Water Quality of River Bhima at Jewargi, Gangapur, (Karnataka) is monitored for 2005-11 having 08

Number of observations at the interstate boundaries of Karnataka and Maharashtra.


Year 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 Total


Water Quality of River Bhima at Jewargi, Gangapur, (Karnataka) during 2005-2011 is depicted

in graphs (from figures 339-341 ):


Figure 341


DO concentration ranges between 6.2 mg/l and 8.0 mg/l in the year 2008. BOD

concentration ranges between 0.5 mg/l and 10 mg/l during year 2005 and 2010

respectively. COD ranges between 1.3 mg/l and 28 mg/l during year 2008 and 2011

respectively.

7.40 Water Quality of River Manjira at Janwada (Karnataka)

Water Quality of River Manjira at Janwada (Karnataka) is monitored for 2005-12 having

05 Number of observations at the interstate boundaries of Karnataka and Maharashtra.


2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 7.4 6.2 7.2 6.9 7.9

Max 7.5 8 7.2 6.9 7.9

Mean 7.5 7.1 7.2 6.9 7.9

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 0.5 1.6 2 10 6

Max 1 1.6 2 10 6

Mean 0.8 1.6 2 10 6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 6.84 1.32 26 19 28

Max 16 11.1 26 19 28

Mean 10.3 6.2 26 19 28

0

5

10

15

20

25

30COD (mg/l)

- 111 -

Year 2005 2008 2010 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Manjira at Janwada (Karnataka) during 2005-2012 is depicted in



Figure 344



COD ranges between 6.0 mg/l and 54.0 mg/l during year 2010 and 2012. TC count ranges between

930 MPN/100ml and 8600 MPN/100 ml during year 2005 and 2012.

7.41 Water Quality of River Godavari at Basra (Kavalguda),Maharashtra

Water Quality of River Godavari at Basra (Kavalguda) is monitored for 2005-12 having 05

Number of observations at the interstate boundaries of Karnataka and Maharashtra.


Year 2005 2008 2010 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Godavari at Basra (Kavalguda), Maharashtra during 2005-2012 is


2005 2008 2010

Min 6.6 6.3 6.1

Max 6.6 6.5 6.1

Mean 6.6 6.4 6.1

5.8

6

6.2

6.4

6.6

6.8DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2010 2012

Min 14.23 8.2 6 54

Max 14.23 36.2 6 54

Mean 14.23 22.2 6 54

0

10

20

30

40

50

60COD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2012

Min 930 3500 8600

Max 930 3500 8600

Mean 930 3500 8600

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 112 -




DO concentration ranges between 4.0 mg/l and 6.8 mg/l during year 2005 and 2008. COD

concentration ranges between 8.7 mg/l and 31.44 mg/l in the same year 2008. TDS

concentration ranges between 186 mg/l and 1081 mg/l in year 2008. TC count ranges

between 258 MPN/100ml and 5400 MPN/100 ml during year 2005 and 2008 respectively.

7.42 Water Quality of River Uttra-Pinakini (North Pennar) at Hindupur (Andhra Pradesh)

Water Quality of River Uttra-Pinakini (North Pennar) at Hindupur (Andhra Pradesh) is monitored

for 2005-12 having 05 Number of observations at the interstate boundaries of Karnataka and

Andhra Pradesh.


Water Quality of River Uttra-Pinakini (North Pennar) at Hindupur (Andhra Pradesh) during 2005-

2010 is depicted in graphs (from figures 349-352 ):

2005 2008 2010

Min 4 5.6 6

Max 4 6.8 6

Mean 4 6.2 6

0

2

4

6

8

DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2010 2012

Min 16.15 8.7 9 19

Max 16.15 31.44 9 19

Mean 16.15 20.1 9 19

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2008 2010 2012

Min 186 267 316

Max 1081 267 316

Mean 633.5 267 316

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200TDS (mg/l)

2005 2008 2012

Min 258 800 4400

Max 258 5400 4400

Mean 258 3100 4400

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000TC (MPN/100ml)

Year 2005 2008 2009 2010 Total


- 113 -




DO concentration ranges between 0.8 mg/l and 5.4 during year 2005 and 2009 respectively. BOD

concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 2 mg/l during year 2010 and 2009 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 3.85 mg/l and 19 mg/l during year 2008 and 2009 respectively. TDS


7.43 Water Quality of River Ganga at Tarighat, Gazipur (U. P.)

Water Quality of River Ganga at Tarighat, Gazipur (U. P.) is monitored for 2005-12 having 14

Number of observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttrakhand and Uttar Pradesh.


Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Ganga at Tarighat, Ghazipur (U. P.) during 2005-2012 is depicted in


2005 2008 2009 2010

Min 0.8 3.9 5.4 3

Max 0.8 4 5.4 3

Mean 0.8 4 5.4 3

0

1

2

3

4

5

6DO (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009

Min 1 1 2

Max 1 1.1 2

Mean 1 1.1 2

00.5

11.5

22.5

BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010

Min 9.12 3.85 19 13

Max 9.12 10.9 19 13

Mean 9.12 7.4 19 13

0

5

10

15

20COD (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010

Min 1233 15552 2373

Max 1233 15552 2373

Mean 1233 15552 2373

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

TDS (mg/l)

- 114 -



Figure 357


DO concentration ranges between 4.5 mg/l and 8.8 during year 2009 and 2011 respectively. BOD

concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 6.0 mg/l during year 2005 and 2006 respectively. COD

concentration ranges between 5.6 mg/l and 33.6 during year 2010 and 2011respectively. TC count

ranges between 350 MPN/100 ml and 220000 MPN/100 ml during year 2011 and 2012

respectively. FC count ranges between 240 MPN/100 ml and 110000 MPN/100 ml during year


7.44.1 Water Quality of River Betwa at Kanjira Bridge , Sagar (M.P.)

Water Quality of River Betwa at Kanjira Bridge, Sagar (M.P.) is monitored for 2005-12 having

15 Number of observations at the interstate boundaries of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 6.93 8.2 5.2 4.5 7.8 7.9 8.1

Max 6.93 8.72 8.8 6.2 8.6 8.8 8.1

Mean 6.93 8.46 7 5.35 8.2 8.35 8.1

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 1 5.2 1 1.9 1.25 2.8 2.4

Max 1 6 4 5 1.9 3.6 2.4

Mean 1 5.6 2.4 3.45 1.575 3.1 2.4

0

2

4

6

8BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 14 17 11 11 5.6 12.8 13.6

Max 14 30 26 26 21.6 33.6 13.6

Mean 14 23.5 18.2 18.5 13.6 21.8 13.6

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

MIN 1E+055000 1400 3000 5000 350 2E+05

Max 1E+051100030002E+0524000920002E+05

Mean 1E+058000 22208150014500364502E+05

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 27000 400 1100 2300 3000 240 110000

Max 27000 700 2300 90000 13000 28000110000

Mean 27000 550 1620 46150 8000 13746110000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 115 -


Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Betwa at Kanjira Bridge , Sagar (M.P.) during 2005-2012 is depicted in




Figure 362


DO concentration ranges between 2.8 mg/l and 10.4 mg/l during year 2005 BOD concentration

ranges between 0.76 mg/l and 4.0 mg/l during year 2006 and 2005 respectively. COD concentration

ranges between 5 mg/l and 39.0 mg/l during year 2008 and 2005 respectively. TC count 200

MPN/100 ml and 2100000 MPN/100 ml during year 2008 and 2005. FC count ranges 2 MPN/100

ml and 1100000 MPN/100 ml during 2008 and 2005 respectively.

2005 2006 2008 2010 2011

Min 2.8 8 6 8.7 7.4

Max 10.4 8 6.2 9.2 8.1

Mean 6.6 8 6.1 9 7.8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 0.8 0.76 1.1 2 1 1 1

Max 4 0.76 2 2 2.7 2.3 1

Mean 2.4 0.76 1.7 2 1.8 1.7 1

0

1

2

3

4

5BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 36 20 5 7 9 7.4 15.9

Max 39 20 10 7 5 22.2 15.9

Mean 37.5 20 7.3 7 17 14.8 15.9

0

10

20

30

40

50COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 13001400 200 80001300 400 3300

Max 2E+0140030008000130033003300

Mean 1E+0140019348000130016703300

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 80 70 2 5000 7900 200 2300

Max 1E+0 70 2300 5000 7900 2300 2300

Mean 6E+0 70 1034 5000 7900 1160 2300

0200000400000600000800000

10000001200000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 116 -

7.44.2 River Betwa at D/S Dukwan Dam at Babina, Birdha Road, Distt. Lalitpur (U.P.)

Water Quality of River Betwa at D/S Dukwan Dam at Babina, Birdha Road, Distt. Lalitpur (U.P.)

is monitored for 2005-12 having 13 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttar

Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

Year 2005 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Betwa at D/S Dukwan Dam at Babina, Birdha Road, Distt. Lalitpur (U.P.)

2005-2012 is depicted in graphs (from figures 363-367 ):



Figure 367


DO concentration ranges between 5.3 mg/l and 10.8 mg/l during the year 2005 only. BOD

concentration ranges between 0.7 mg/l and 6.0 mg/l during year 2005 only. COD concentration

ranges between 2.6 mg/l and 44.0 mg/l during year 2011 and 2005 respectively. TDS ranges

2005 2006 2008 2010 2011

Min 5.3 5.5 7.47 7.2 7.3

Max 10.8 5.5 8.4 8.4 8.9

Mean 8.05 5.5 7.935 7.8 8

0

2

4

6

8

10

12DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012

Min 0.7 0.32 1 1 1.1 4.6

Max 6 0.32 2.3 1.6 1.2 4.6

Mean 3.35 0.32 1.65 1.3 1.1 4.6

0

2

4

6

8BOD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012

Min 29 23 12 9.5 2.6 26.2

Max 44 23 12 13 15.9 26.2

Mean 36.5 23 12 11.2 9.3 26.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

COD (mg/l)

2008 2011 2012

Min 147 111 239

Max 147 200 239

Mean 147 148.6 239

0

100

200

300 TDS (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012

Min 80 80 8000 79 200 1.7

Max 400 80 8000 7900 790 1.7

Mean 240 80 8000 3990 563.3 1.7

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 117 -

between 111 mg/l and 239 mg/l during year 2011 and 2012 respectively. TC count ranges

between 1.7 MPN/100 ml and 8000 MPN/100 ml during year 2012 and 2008 respectively.

7.45.1 Water Quality of River Sone at Chopan (U.P.)

Water Quality of River Sone at Chopan (U.P.) is monitored for 2005-12 having 15 Numbers of

observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Sone at Chopan (U.P.) during 2005-2012 is depicted in graphs (from

figures 368-373 ):





2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 5.5 0 5.4 7.34 6.9 8.6

Max 5.58 0 5.4 10.2 7.7 8.6

Mean 5.54 0 5.4 8.77 7.4 8.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 1.46 1.16 1 1 1 1 2

Max 3.3 1.16 2.7 1 3.2 1.8 2

Mean 2.38 1.16 1.6 1 2 1.3 2

0

1

2

3

4BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 15.5813.32 9 5 11 3.9 6.4

Max 18 13.32 44 5 20 38.7 6.4

Mean 16.7913.32 26.5 5 15.5 16.5 6.4

0

10

20

30

40

50COD (mg/l)

2006 2008 2011 2012

Min 151 151 102 103

Max 421 421 212 103

Mean 286 286 157 103

0

100

200

300

400

500TDS (mg/l)

2005

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 23000 8000 3000 7900 170 22000

Max 1E+0522000 3000 280003500022000

Mean 6650015666 3000 179501249022000

020000400006000080000

100000120000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 8000 1700 2300 5000 130 11000

Max 1300013000 2300 170002400011000

Mean 10500 9233 2300 11000 8476 11000

05000

1000015000200002500030000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 118 -

DO concentration ranges between 0 mg/l and 10.2 mg/l during year 2008 and 2010

respectively. BOD concentration ranges 1 mg/l and 3.3 mg/l. COD concentration ranges

between 3.9 mg/l and 44 mg/l during year 2011 and 2008. TDS concentration ranges

between 102 mg/l and 421 mg/l in year 2011 and 2008. TC count ranges between 170

MPN/100 ml and 110000 MPN/100 ml during year 2011 and 2005. FC count ranges

between 130 MPN/100 ml and 17000 MPN/100 ml during year 2011 and 2010

respectively.

7.45.2 River Sone at U/S of Deora before Reservoir, Rihand (U.P.)

Water Quality of River Sone at Chopan (U.P.) is monitored for 2005-12 having 15 Numbers of

observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Sone at U/S of Deora before Reservoir, Rihand (U.P.) during 2005-2012

is depicted in graphs (from figures 374-379 ):



2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 5.7 6.4 5.5 8.4 5.8 7.1 8.7

Max 8.3 6.4 7.2 8.4 10.5 8.8 8.7

Mean 7 6.4 6.3 8.4 8.2 7.9 8.7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 1 0.5 1 8.4 0.7 1

Max 1.1 0.5 2.5 8.4 2 1

Mean 1.05 0.5 1.5 8.4 1.5 1

0

2

4

6

8

10BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 7 6.1 7 7 16.1 4 5.4

Max 11 6.1 34 7 20 16.8 5.4

Mean 9 6.1 16.3 7 18.7 8.7 5.4

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2008 2011 2012

Min 91 170 192

Max 979 232 192

Mean 535 191 192

0

500

1000

1500TDS (mg/l)

- 119 -





respectively. COD concentration ranges between 4 mg/l and 34 mg/l. TDS concentration ranges

between 91 mg/l and 979 mg/l respectively in year 2008. Minimum TC count observed is 130

MPN/100 ml in year 2011 whereas maximum TC count observed is 70000 MPN/100 ml in year

2005. Minimum FC count observed is 79 MPN/100 ml in year 2011whereas maximum FC count

observed is 14000 MPN/100 ml in year 2010.

7.46.1 River Ramganga at D/S Sherkot, Kalagarh (U.P.)

Water Quality of River Ramganga at D/S Sherkot, Kalagarh (U.P.) is monitored for 2005-12

having 12 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttar Pradesh and Uttrakhand.

Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Ramganga at D/S Sherkot, Kalagarh (U.P.) during 2005-2012 is depicted

in graphs (from figures 380-384):


2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 17000 1300 3000 200 79 7000

Max 30000 3000 3000 14000 13000 7000

Mean 23500 2200 3000 4883 5126.3 7000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000FC (MPN/100 ml)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 7 7.8 8.5 4.4 6.8 8.4 8

Max 7 7.8 8.5 8 7 8.4 8

Mean 7 7.8 8.5 6.2 6.9 8.4 8

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 1.2 2.1 2 1 1.1 2.7

Max 1.4 2.1 2 2 4.9 2.7

Mean 1.3 2.1 2 1.5 3 2.7

0

2

4

6BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 22000 2300 5000 400 130 11000

Max 70000 7000 5000 17000 17000 11000

Mean 46000 4766 5000 6060 7376 11000

0

20000

40000

60000

80000TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 120 -


Figure 384



concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 4.9 mg/l during year 2009 and 2010. COD

concentration ranges between 7 mg/l and 36 mg/l during year 2005 and 2010 respectively. TC

count ranges between 200 MPN/100 ml and 220000 MPN/100 ml during year 2008 and 2012

respectively. FC count ranges between 50 MPN/100 ml and 110000 MPN/100 ml during year 2008


7.46.2 River Ramganga at D/S Kalagarh, Dam (Uttrankhand)

Water Quality of River Ramganga at D/S Kalagarh, Dam (Uttrankhand) is monitored for 2005-12

having 12 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttar Pradesh and Uttrakhand.

Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total


Water Quality of River Ramganga at D/S Kalagarh, Dam (Uttrankhand) during 2005-2012 is

depicted in graphs (from figures 385-390):

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011

Min 7 7 9 8 17 12

Max 9 7 10 8.2 36 12

Mean 8 7 9.5 8.1 26.5 12

010203040

COD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 800 1100 200 840 1700 400 2E+05

Max 80000 1100 3000 840 1E+05 400 2E+05

Mean 40400 1100 1867 840 55850 400 2E+05

050000

100000150000200000250000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 1300 70 50 230 450 200 1E+05

Max 30000 70 1300 230 70000 200 1E+05

Mean 15650 70 683 230 35225 200 1E+05

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 121 -






BOD concentration ranges between 1.0 mg/l and 2.6 mg/l during year 2009 and 2010. COD

concentration ranges between 3.0 mg/l and 16.0 mg/l during year 2008 and 2010 respectively. TDS

concentration ranges between 64 mg/l and 436 mg/l during year 2012 and 2010 respectively. TC

count ranges between 40 MPN/100 ml and 160000 MPN/100 ml during year 2006 and 2005

respectively. FC count ranges between 1.8 MPN/100 ml and 28000 MPN/100 ml during year 2011


7.47 Ganga at Dariganj, Distt. Sonepur, Bihar

Water Quality of River Ganga at Dariganj, Distt. Sonepur, Bihar is monitored for 2005-12 having

10 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundaries of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 8 7.58 8.01 8 6.2 9.2 7

Max 8.4 7.58 8.01 8.9 6.9 9.2 7

Mean 8.2 7.58 8 8.5 6.6 9.2 7

0

2

4

6

8

10DO (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 1.2 1.4 2 1 2.6 1

Max 1.6 1.4 2 2.1 2.6 1

Mean 1.4 1.4 2 1.6 2.6 1

00.5

11.5

22.5

3BOD (mg/l)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

Min 5.5 5.2 3 5 7 6.4

Max 9 5.2 13 13 16 6.4

Mean 7.25 5.2 9 9 11.5 6.4

05

101520

COD (mg/l)

2008 2010 2011 2012

Min 158 436 121 64

Max 158 436 121 64

Mean 158 436 121 64

0

100

200

300

400

500

TDS (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 13000 40 1400 4900 400 200 9000

Max 160000 40 30000 4900 17000 200 9000

Mean 86500 40 13133 4900 8700 200 9000

0

50000

100000

150000

200000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005

2006

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Min 1700 20 400 3000 200 1.8 4600

Max 28000 20 2300 3000 7800 1.8 4600

Mean 14850 20 1166 3000 4000 1.8 4600

0

10000

20000

30000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 122 -


Water Quality of River Ganga at Dariganj, Distt. Sonepur, Bihar during 2008-2012 is depicted in




Figure 395


DO concentration is meeting to the minimum prescribed limit of 5.0 mg/l. DO

concentration ranges between 5.81 mg/l and 8.3 mg/l during year 2008 and 2012

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1.7 mg/l and 4.8 mg/l during year 2010

and 2011. COD concentration 8 mg/l and 46.0 mg/l during year 2009 and 2011

respectively. TC count ranges between 170 MPN/100 ml and 220000 MPN/100 ml

respectively. FC count ranges between 110 MPN/100 ml and 110000 MPN/100 ml

respectively.

7.48 Water Quality of River Dhansari

7.48.1 River Dhansari at Ganeshnagar (Nagaland)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 5.81 6 7.8 8.3 8.3

Max 5.81 6 8.7 8.5 8.3

Mean 5.8 6 8.3 8.4 8.3

02468

10

DO (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 2 3 1.7 3.1 1.6

Max 3 3 1.9 4.8 1.6

Mean 2.3 3 1.8 4.1 1.6

0

2

4

6BOD (mg/l)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Min 15 8 8.1 19.5 13.4

Max 20 8 27 46 13.4

Mean 17.5 8 17.6 30.8 13.4

0

10

20

30

40

50COD (mg/l)

2008 2010 2011 2012

Min 210 3000 170 220000

Max 35000 7900 54000 220000

Mean 13403 5450 21723.3 220000

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000TC (MPN/100 ml)

2008 2010 2011 2012

Min 110 2300 130 110000

Max 13000 5000 17000 110000

Mean 5370 3650 8343.3 110000

0

50000

100000

150000FC (MPN/100 ml)

- 123 -

Water Quality of River Dhansari at Ganeshnagar (Nagaland) is monitored for 2005-12 having 16

Numbers of observations at the interstate boundaries of Nagaland and Assam.

Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Total


Water Quality of River Dhansari at Ganeshnagar (Nagaland) during 2005-2010 is depicted in




Figure 400


DO concentration ranges between 0.3 mg/l and 10.0 mg/l during 2005-10. BOD

concentration ranges between 0.7 mg/l and 16.5 mg/l during year 2005 and 2006

respectively. COD concentration ranges between 8mg/l and 82.32 mg/l during year 2009

and 2008 respectively. TDS ranges between 80 mg/l and 125 mg/l during year 2008 and

2009 respectively. TC count ranges between 17 MPN/100 ml and 1600 MPN/100 ml


4.48.2 River Dhansari at Nagarjan Bridge

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 5.2 0.3 6.4 2.5 6.4

Max 10 10 9.4 10 7.43

Mean 8.1 4.9 7.8 7.3 6.915

0

5

10

15 DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2

Max 2.8 16.5 1.28 2 1.2

Mean 1.5 8.5 1.2 1.6 1.2

0

10

20BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010

Min 12 18.2 8 20

Max 12 82.32 18.2 82.32

Mean 12 40.1 13.1 51.16

0

20

40

60

80

100COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 86 118 80 80.5 99

Max 86 118 121 125 121

Mean 86 118 100 98.5 110

0

50

100

150TDS (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009

Min 140 17 38 38

Max 1600 140 38 38

Mean 673 78 38 38

0

500

1000

1500

2000

TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 124 -

Water Quality of River Dhansari at Nagarjan Bridge is monitored for 2005-10 having 16


Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Total


Water Quality of River Dhansari at Nagarjan Bridge during 2005-2010 is depicted in graphs




Figure 405



respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 0.1 mg/l and 10.2 mg/l in the same year

2006. COD concentration ranges between 7.8 mg/l and 21mg/l during year 2008 and 2005

respectively. TDS concentration ranges between 90 mg/l and 130mg/l during year 2009

and 2008. TC count ranges between 19 MPN/100 ml and 540 MPN/100 in the same year

2005.

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 6.4 1 6.7 3.2 6.7

Max 10 9.2 9.6 9.6 7.4

Mean 7.9 5.1 7.9 6.4 7.1

0

5

10

15DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 0.5 0.1 1.3 2.2 1.3

Max 7 10.2 2.2 5 1.3

Mean 2.45 4.1 1.8 3.6 1.3

0

5

10

15BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010

Min 21 7.84 11.5 7.8

Max 21 11.95 18 12

Mean 21 10.4 14.8 9.9

0

5

10

15

20

25COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 94 112 130 90 105

Max 94 112 130 130 126

Mean 94 112 130 112 115.5

0

50

100

150TDS (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009

Min 19 21 20 20

Max 540 340 20 20

Mean 156 180 20 20

0

100

200

300

400

500

600TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 125 -

7.48.3 River Dhansari at Khatkati Gate (Nagaland)

Water Quality of River Dhansari at Khatkati Gate (Nagaland) is monitored for 2005-10 having

16 Numbers of observations at the interstate boundaries of Nagaland and Assam.


Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Total


Water Quality of River Dhansari at Khatkati Gate (Nagaland) during 2005-2010 is depicted in




Figure 410

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 5.8 9 6.9 9 7

Max 8.6 10.5 9.75 10 7.4

Mean 6.96 9.75 8.37 9.12 7.2

0

5

10

15DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 1 0.3 1.2 38 2

Max 12.6 2 2.2 71.5 2

Mean 3.75 1.15 1.5 54.75 2

0

20

40

60

80BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010

Min 19 3.92 3.4 4

Max 19 23.9 16 24

Mean 19 15.34 11.58 14

0

10

20

30COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 97 122 80 0.08 118

Max 97 122 132 145 132

Mean 97 122 113 97.02 125

050

100150200

TDS (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009

Min 27 70 38 38

Max 1600 140 105 71

Mean 426 105 71 54

0

500

1000

1500

2000TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 126 -



respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 0.3 mg/l and 71.5 mg/l during year

2006 and 2009 respectively. COD concentration ranges between 3.4 mg/l and 24 mg/l

during year 2009 and 2010. TDS ranges between 0.08 mg/l and 145 mg/l. TC count

ranges between 27 MPN/100 and 1600 MPN/100 ml in the year 2005.

7.48.4 River Dhansari at Bokajan (Assam)

Water Quality of River Dhansari at Bokajan (Assam) is monitored for 2005-10 having 16



Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Total


Water Quality of River Dhansari at Bokajan (Assam) during 2005-2010 is depicted in graphs




2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 4.8 8 5.64 3.1 5.6

Max 9 8.8 8.8 9.8 7.8

Mean 7.04 8.4 7.4 7.2 6.7

0

2

4

6

8

10

12DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 1.6 2 5 2.8 5.5

Max 4.7 2 5.54 5 5.5

Mean 2.9 2 5.3 3.9 5.5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6BOD (mg/l)

2005 2008 2009 2010

Min 24 6.7 16 20

Max 24 35.28 16 35

Mean 24 20.6 16 27.5

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 115 118 108 0.14 108

Max 115 118 150 20 138

Mean 115 118 132 10.1 123

0

50

100

150

200TDS (mg/l)

- 127 -

Figure 415


DO concentration ranges between is 3.1 mg/l and 9.8 mg/l during 2005 and 2009

respectively. BOD concentration ranges between 1.6 mg/l and 5.5 mg/l during 2005 and

2010 respectively. COD concentration ranges between 6.7 mg/l and 35.28 mg/l

respectively in the year 2008. TDS concentration ranges between 0.14mg/l and 150 mg/l

during year 2009 and 2008 respectively. TC count ranges between 17 MPN/100 and 3500

MPN/100 ml in the year 2005.

7.48.5 River Dhansari at Numaligarh (Assam)

Water Quality of River Dhansari at Numaligarh (Assam) is monitored for 2005-10 having 16



Year 2005 2006 2008 2009 2010 Total


Water Quality of River Dhansari at Numaligarh (Assam) during 2005-2010 is depicted in graphs



2005 2006 2008 2009

Min 17 17 23 23

Max 350 34 23 23

Mean 196.75 25.5 23 23

0

100

200

300

400TC (MPN/100 ml)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 5.6 0.6 7.03 3.4 7

Max 9.5 8.8 9.4 15.4 7.8

Mean 7.9 5.4 8.07 9.2 7.4

0

5

10

15

20DO (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 1.2 0.6 1.2 2.1 4.4

Max 2.5 1.7 4.4 2.2 4.4

Mean 2.03 1.15 2.8 2.15 4.4

0

1

2

3

4

5BOD (mg/l)

- 128 -


Figure 420


DO concentration ranges between 0.6 mg/l and 15.4 mg/l during year 2006 and 2009.

BOD concentration ranges 0.6 mg/l and 4.4 mg/l during year 2006 and 2010. COD

concentrations ranges between 12 mg/l and 31 mg/l during the year 2009. TDS

concentration ranges between 51 mg/l and 103 mg/l during year 2009 and 2010

respectively. TC count ranges between 17 MPN/100 and 220 MPN/100 ml in the year

2006.

2005 2008 2009 2010

Min 17 18.2 12 20

Max 17 27.44 31 27.4

Mean 17 21.8 21.5 23.7

0

10

20

30

40COD (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009 2010

Min 76 74 80 51 99

Max 76 74 103 100 103

Mean 76 74 91.5 60.03 101

0

50

100

150TDS (mg/l)

2005 2006 2008 2009

Min 34 17 38 38

Max 110 220 38 38

Mean 77 118 38 38

0

50

100

150

200

250TC (MPN/100 ml)

- 129 -

CHAPTER 8: CONCLUSION

In this report, the rivers with polluted and poor water quality are differentiated out on the basis of

the six water quality parameters i.e. DO, BOD, COD, TDS, TC, FC. Out of the total 40 rivers

spread over 82 locations being monitored by Zonal Offices and Head offices, 16 rivers are

estimated out to be polluted.

River Dhela at Adampur Village, Bhojpur is observed with the highest BOD value among all the

polluted river locations i.e. 131 mg/l in 2012 with very high TC and FC count.

The most polluted river is Ghaggar having the lowest water quality at the 7 locations out of the 9

locations namely, (i) Ghaggar (i) at Mubarakpur (Punjab), (ii) at Tiwana village (Punjab), (iii) at

Sirsa Dabwali Road (Haryana), (iv) at Chandrapur Siphon (Haryana), (v) at Sirdulgarh (Punjab),

(vi) at Ottu Weir (Haryana) (vii) at Sirsa Hanumangarh Road (Rajasthan). Ghaggar at Mubarakpur

(Punjab) is having the deteriorated water quality due the highest BOD range among all the polluted

Ghaggar river locations. Ghaggar at Sirsa Dabwali road is observed with the highest TDS value

among the 7 polluted river locations. Ghaggar at Chandrapur, Siphon is observed with the highest

TC count.

Among the 09 locations of river Yamuna, 3 locations are observed having deteriorated water

quality viz. (i)Yamuna at Mohena Palwal Road (Haryana), (ii) River Yamuna at Asgarpur village,

(U.P.) and (iii)River Yamuna at Hasanpur, Mohali (Haryana). Yamuna at the location Asgarpur

village is observed with the most deteriorated water quality having the highest BOD concentration,

remaining two locations are also observed with high TC and FC count and having BOD

concentration exceeding to the prescribed limit.

River Ganga being monitored at the four locations and the river Dhansari at 5 locations shows water

quality meeting to prescribed standards with respect to BOD and DO conentration. The rivers being

monitored at different locations and having good water quality at every location are Beas, Sarsa,

Vardha, Mahi, Chambal, Betwa, Sone, Tapi, Bhima, Krishna, Damodar, Ramganga and

Subarnrekha.

The other rivers being monitored under IRBM network and not meeting t prescribed standards with

respect to BOD and DO are River Bahela at Badli Village, Tehseel - Tanda (U.P.), River

Damanganga at at Jarry Causeway D/S of CETP discharge (Gujarat), River Churni at Bijoypur

(West Bengal), River Thenpennai at Mugalur Bridge, Bangalore (Karnataka) and River Markanda

at Narayangarh (Haryana).

The rivers being monitored at single location and having water quality meeting to the prescribed

standards are Satluj, Kosi, Kitcha, Swan, Pilakhar, Churni, Indravati, Cauvery, Tungabhadra,

Pennar, Godavari, Mahanadi, Godavari, Wainganga, Sabarmati and Uttra Pinkhani.

Overall, 78% locations have DO value within the prescribed limit and 75% locations have BOD

value within the prescribed range with 6% locations have very high BOD value indicating poor

water quality. 76% locations have TDS range and 11% with TC range within the prescribed limit.

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CHAPTER 9 : ACTION TAKEN BY CPCB TO IMPROVE WATER

QUALITY

In order to resolve the interstate water quality problems and keep watch on water

quality at interstate borders of different rivers, in 51st Chairman & Member

Secretaries conference, it was decided that CPCB would monitor the water quality

of the rivers at interstate borders.

As a follow-up of the decision, CPCB through its Zonal Offices and Head Office initiated

monitoring of all the important rivers at interstate borders. The monitoring being carried

out 4 times in a year following CPCB’s guidelines & protocol notified by Ministry

of Environment, Forests and Climate Change(MoEFCC). Following significant actions

have been taken by CPCB to prevent water pollution in the rivers:

1. Action taken in the matter of Inter-State problem of rivers in Northern States

As a follow up the decision taken in 54th

Chairmen and Member Secretaries conference,

CPCB organized a meeting with concerned SPCBs/PCCs of Northern/ Eastern & North-

Eastern states to discuss the issue of interstate water pollution problem in detail and

compliance status of various polluting sources on 24, September, 2008 at MoEF, Delhi.

Regarding contribution of pollution from domestic sources, Haryana SPCB were

requested to issue notice either to municipal authorities or PHED to put up proper

sewage treatment plants to take care of all the significant sewage outfalls.

Punjab SPCB were requested to pursue the distilleries to achieve “Zero-discharge”

limit, Since the Patiala Distillery and Chandigarh Distillery are major source of

pollution of Ghaggar River in the territory of Punjab.

Regarding contribution of pollution from domestic sources municipal authorities or

PHED were communicated to put up proper sewage treatment plants to take care of all

the significant sewage outfalls.

It was decided to inform Delhi Jal Board to take sample whenever they found any

abnormal condition in water quality of Yamuna River with intimation to CPCB and

HSPCB.

Untreated/partially treated discharge of effluents from Uttrakhand is polluting River

Kosi & Ramganga and their tributaries like Bahela, Dehla. The pollution is so severe

that it continues till Allahabad and cause colour in the river at Sangam. Monitoring

being carried out on daily basis for river Dhela, river Kosi, river Bhela, river Gagan

and river Ram Ganga by CPCB with co-ordination of SPCBs of Uttarakhand and U.P.

in their respective monitoring locations.

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2. Action taken in the matter of Inter-State problem of rivers in Eastern and North-

Eastern States :

As a follow up the decision taken in 54th

Chairmen and Member Secretaries

conference, CPCB organized a meeting with concerned SPCBs/PCCs of Northern/

Eastern & North-Eastern states to discuss the issue of interstate water pollution

problem in detail and compliance status of various polluting sources on 25,

September, 2008 at MoEF, Delhi.

The major pollution of Ganga at Bihar border is due to discharge of sewage from

Varanasi and Ghazipur. UPPCB informed that STPs are being augmented at

Varanasi under Ganga Action Plan-II. CPCB requested that UPPCB to ensure full

utilization of STP capacity.

Regarding pollution from Singrauli area, UPPCB informed that the thermal power

plants under NTPC and UPEB are being pursued to provide adequate control

measures. CPCB requested UPPCB to regularly monitor the performance of the

control measures adopted.

Realizing the gravity of the problem, it was decided to monitored all the locations

at least once in a year monitored even those rivers which are either small/seasonal

or not causing any Interstate dispute.

The concerned SPCBs have been requested to take remedial measures to restore

water quality of the identified polluted river at interstate border.

3. Action taken in the matter of River Yamuna :

Episodes on water quality degradation at Wazirabad were informed by Delhi Jal

Board on several occasions since 2006. Similar episodes occurred in October and

November, 2006 and Central Pollution Control Board has issue direction to

Haryana State Pollution Control Board (HSPCB) u/s 18 1 (b) of Water (Prevention

and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 during 2006. Chairman, CPCB also wrote a

DO letter to the Financial Commissioner & Principal Secretary to Govt. of

Haryana who was also In-charge of Environment & Forests Department of

Government of Haryana during 2006.

CPCB again issued direction to Haryana State Pollution Control Board u/s 18 1 (b)

of Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 on November 15, 2007

for taking immediate effective steps to contain pollution of the River Yamuna..

CPCB again issued direction to Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, State Pollution Control

Board (SPCB) and Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) u/s 18 1 (b) of

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 on 23/11/2007.

CPCB made an exhaustive survey report on Polluting Sources of Yamuna river

Upstream Wazirabad.

A meeting was held on 29/06/2009 at CPCB, Head office on water quality

problems of Yamuna river with Delhi Jal Board, Delhi Pollution Control

Committee (DPCC), Uttar Pardesh SPCB, Haryana SPCB, UP Jal Nigam, Nagar

Nigam Ghaziabad to contain pollution at the respective sources of the River

Stretch of Yamuna.

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A meeting was held on 10/11/2009 in CPCB on issues of water quality of Yamuna

River in Delhi Stretch.

A meeting was held on 31/12/09 at CPCB to review the status of sewage treatment

in Delhi & water Quality Problems in Delhi stretch of Yamuna River.

DJB regularly complaint about increase in Ammonia and chloride level at river

Yamuna upstream Wazirabad, Delhi.

CPCB also monitor Sewage Treatment plant installed along the catchment of river

Yamuna.

CPCB also monitoring the status of drain joining river Yamuna.

A review meeting on “Interstate Water Pollution Problem in Southern and Western

States” was held on 18/07/08 at MoEF.

Action Taken in the matter of River Ghaggar :

Pursuant to the decisions taken in the meeting held on August 19, 2009 chaired by the

Secretary, Cabinet Coordination, Rashtrapati Bhawan, New Delhi and

communication received from the Joint Secretary, Ministry of Environment and

Forests (MoEF), Shri Rajiv Guaba vide letter no. M-12012/1/2002-NRCD-II (pt)

dated 24/08/2009, a detailed field investigation on the aforesaid issued was conducted

by CPCB. A detailed report on “Pollution Status of River Ghaggar” was compiled

and submitted to MoEF on 14/12/2009.

On the basis of report, MoEF requested CPCB to issue directions to the defaulter

industries in order to address the problem of pollution load entering Jharmal Choe

and other area vide DO. NO M-12012/1/2002-NRCD-II (pt) dated 12th February,

2010.

CPCB issued direction to the Punjab, Haryana & Himachal Pradesh State Pollution

Control Boards & Chandigarh PCC under section 18 (1)( b) of the water (PCP) Act

1974 in the matter of industrial effluent and sewage discharge into Ghaggar River

vide letter no. A-19014/41/2001-mon/509-11 dated 15th April, 2010.

Since, No reply was received therefore, CPCB issued reminder letter to the Punjab,

Haryana & Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Boards & Chandigarh PCC on

the same issues vide letter no. A-19014/41/2001-Mon/6719-6722 dated 17th August,

2010.

Chandhigarh PCC (CPCC) has given show cause notice to the Municipal

Corporation, Chandigarh and Superintending Engineer, Chandigarh Administration:

to ensure treatment of sewage to the prescribed norms with immediate effect.

to ensure that STP run on optimal capacity.

Municipal Corporation was directed to lay down pipeline to carry sewage water of

Chandigarh directly to STP Raipur Kalan.

CPCB regularly submitting analysis report of the sewage treatment plants installed in

Chandigarh.

A meeting was held on 28/03/2011 at house of Hon’ble Chief Minister of Delhi to

review the Water Quality Problem of River. Yamuna. Yamuna. Brief report on

Yamuna river (Hathnikund to Okhla Barrage) is also prepared.

CPCB recently conducted a survey of river Yamuna from Hathnikund to Agra to

assess the water quality of river Yamuna.

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CHAPTER10: RECOMMENDATIONS

The river pollution control needs consideration of the following aspects for clean-up:

Industries should install the machineries to remove contaminants from their effluents and

wastewater by installing Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) , untreated effluent discharge

into rivers should not be allowed and Immediate closure of all the unauthorized activities

which discharge industrial effluents, sludge and chemicals.

The cities and towns should also have facilities to clean sewage effluent. All towns and

cities should have Sewage Treatment Plant to treat the sewage.

Religious practices/activities which pollute river water. Idols should be made from natural

materials as described in the holy scripts. It would be appropriate to use traditional clay

for idol making rather than baked clay. Use of painted idols should be discouraged.

In case painted idols are used, water soluble and non-toxic natural dyes may be used. Use

of toxic and non- degradable chemical dyes should be strictly prohibited.

Natural colors used in food products and permitted in Pharmaceuticals may be preferred.

Proposals for creation of treatment capacity must be based and prioritized with reference

to the estimated sewage generation in the relevant catchment areas which should be

estimated after taking all factors into account including population trends and

availability/supply of water.

Systems and procedures need to be strengthened to ensure accurate measurement of both

the quantity of treated sewage being discharged as well as its quality with reference to the

prescribed parameters.

Promoting communities participation in local river cleaning up

Organizing awareness programs and meetings on the river pollution and its threats.

Provide proper garbage collection system on both banks of the river, so that garbage is not

dumped in the river.

To improve flow pattern, it will improve its carrying capacity.

Documents

Water Quality of Rivers at Interstate Borders