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WATER LOSS 2010SAO PAULO, BRAZIL

JUNE 6 TO 9, 2010

PAPER TITLE: CASE STUDY – SYABAS NRW LOSSES REDUCTION MASTER PLAN

By

Ir. V SUBRAMANIAM

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State of Selangor and FederalTerritories of Kuala Lumpur andPutraJaya

• Land Area : 8,250 sqkm

• Population Served: 6.9 million

• 24 hour supply (100% servicecoverage in urban areas and99% service coverage in sub-urban areas)

SUPPLY AREA AND STATUS OF WATER SUPPLY

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SELANGOR WATER SUPPLY DEPARTMENT (GOVERNMENT)

CORPORATISED ON 15TH MARCH 2002

SELANGOR WATER MANAGEMENT CORPORATION ( PUAS BERHAD )

PRIVATISED ON 1ST JANUARY 2005

SELANGOR WATER SUPPLY COMPANY PRIVATE LTD ( SYABAS )

( 30-year Concession Period - 01.10.2005 to 31.12.2034 )

PRIVATISATION PROCESS

All Headworks privatised from 1994 to 2000

1 800 88 5252RESPONSIBILITY OF CONCESSION

COMPANIES

DAMTO ENSURE SUFFICIENT RAW WATER AT ALL TIMES

RAW WATER CHANNELLED TO

INTAKE

TREATMENT PLANTFLOCCULATION, COAGULATION & CHEMICAL DOSING TO PRODUCE TREATED WATER

BALANCING RESERVOIRWATER STORED BEFORE DISTRIBUTION

TREATED WATER CHANNELLED TO

BALANCING RESERVOIR

PUMP HOUSEBOOST PRESSURE BEFORE DISTRBUTION

SERVICE RESERVOIRWATER STORED BEFORE DISTRIBUTION

WATER DISTRIBUTED AT

SPECIFIED PRESSURE

WATER DISTRIBUTED TO

CONSUMERS

RESPONSIBILITY OF SYABAS BULK METER

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StateGovernment

FederalGovernment

National Water Services

Commission(Regulator)SYABAS

PNHB : 70%KDEB : 30%

FEDERALGOVT : 1 Golden

Share

PUAS

PNSB

SPLASH

ABASS

Consumers in Selangor, KL &

Putrajaya

Partial Novation Agreement to SYABAS Chief Executive Officer

Services & Operation

Existing staff

100%

WTP Operators

PrivatisationConcession Agreement

SYABAS OPERATING REGIME/REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

Ministry of Energy, Green Technology

and Water Water Services Industry Act (WSIA) 2006 & National Water Services Commission Act 2006

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OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE HIGHLIGHTS• Distribute treated water to 6.9 million consumers

including factories and commercial buildings inSelangor, Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya.

• Present Consumer Connections is 1.66 million anaverage increase of 2.5% p.a. from 1.48 millionrecorded in year 2005, comprising 85% domesticconnections and 15% industrial and commercialconnections.

• Current water demand is 4,064 MLD with anaverage growth of 2.0% p.a. over the last 5 years.

• 30.5% supplies for industrial and commercialconsumption and 69.5% supplies for domestic andother purposes.

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ASSET - DISTRIBUTION

• SYABAS maintains 25,060km of water pipesmade of mild steel, ductile iron, asbestos cement,HDPE, uPVC and cast iron of sizes ranging from2200mm to 100mm in diameter.

• 1240 service reservoirs, balancing reservoirs,elevated tanks and suction tanks.

• 451 booster pumping stations.

• 53,878 in-line valves of various types and sizesranging from 120mm to 2200mm.

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WATER LOSS COMPONENT

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NRW CalculationNRW is widely measured in percentage (%) as shown below:

NRW(%) = Qin - Qmetered x (100)

Qin

Where as:Qin = Volume of water supplied within a specific period

Qmetered = Volume of water billed to consumers during the

corresponding period

At SYABAS, International Water Association (IWA) formulaalso used to compute NRW in term of ILI (InfrastructureLeakage Index) and ALI (Apparent Losses Index) asPerformance Indicator for the purpose of analysis.

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• About 6,300 km of old Asbestos Cement pipes more than40 years old susceptible to frequent bursts and leaks;

• Recurring failure at reticulation mains and communicationpipes even in new development areas due to poormaterial and workmanship;

• Inefficient call centre to receive and record reported pipeleaks/bursts or overflows;

• Slow response to reported cases and unnecessary delayduring repair and maintenance works;

• Lack of community programmes to encourage and createthe public awareness to value water and to reportpromptly pipe bursts and leaks;

MAIN CAUSES FOR HIGH NRW LOSSES

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• Inaccurate, incomplete or no records of pipeinterconnectivity in many areas rendering the isolationprocess very tedious to facilitate quick repair especiallyduring major pipe bursts;

• Lack of discipline in meter readings leading to highlevel of estimated bills, reading errors and fraudulentpractice;

• Very limited enforcement against illegal connections;

• More than 300,000 aged meters of more than 7 yearsold with some even older than 18 years contributing tosignificant meter under-registration;

• Large number of non-working or stuck meters.

MAIN CAUSES FOR HIGH NRW LOSSES (cont.)

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NRW MASTER PLAN

Physical Loss Reduction

NRW REDUCTION

Date Target NRW Level

31-12-05 37.78%

31-12-08 27.98%

31-12-11 19.98%

31-12-14 15.48%

31-12-15 15.00%and thereafter Active Leak Detection

(trunk & reticulation mains)

Pipe Replacement - Mains (6,000 km) by end of CA- Comm Pipe (1Million nos) by end of CA

Commercial Loss Reduction

Installation of AMR enabled EM flow meters at large account

Meter Replacement -Age Meters of 7 years & above-Stuck Meters

Enforcement against illegal connections

SCADA & GISPUSPEL

Upgrading of meter reading & billing process

District Metering Zone ( DMZ ) 1,000 zones by end of 2013

Pressure Management Zone ( PMZ )

Monitoring of Reservoir Overflow through SCADA

Quick & Quality repair of leak /burst

Supporting Programs

Hydraulic Modeling

Training & capacity buildingDevelopment of Water Distribution& Management System (WDMS)

Design and specifications for waterinfrastructure in New Developments

NRW MASTER PLAN

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DISTRICTMETERING ZONE (DMZ)

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• Total DMZ established as end of 2009 are as follows:

Year DMZ established (nos.)

Reduction in DMZ volume (mld)

2005 222 114.00

2006 139 68.38

2007 43 29.55

2008 318 104.452009 251 78.22

Total 973 394.60

DISTRICT METERING ZONE (DMZ)

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DMZ METER POINT

DMZ BOUNDARY ZONE

Typical size of DMZ : 1,000 to 1,500 connections or 10km pipe length

DMZ ZONE PLAN

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DMZ METERPOINT CHAMBER

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Pressure Reducing

Valves

Meter

T- pot Strainer

INSTRUMENT INSIDE METERPOINT

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GSM DATA LOGGER – TO LOG AND RECORD FLOW AND PRESSURE PROFILE

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Reduction in physical loss of 349 m3/day

Group Comprising: GB.082 - Kg Baru Ampang [Net flow], PRV.GB.082 - Kg Baru Ampang [Downstream], Produced by Netbase.

02/01/10Sat

01/01/10Fri

31/12/09Thu

30/12/09Wed

29/12/09Tue

28/12/09Mon

27/12/09Sun

26/12/09Sat

25/12/09Fri

24/12/09Thu

23/12/09Wed

22/12/09Tue

21/12/09Mon

20/12/09Sun

19/12/09Sat

18/12/09Fri

17/12/09Thu

16/12/09Wed

15/12/09Tue

14/12/09Mon

13/12/09Sun

12/12/09Sat

11/12/09Fri

10/12/09Thu

Flow

: (l/

s)

200

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

Pressure : (m)

34

32

30

28

26

24

22

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

Baseline 1

Maximum Pressure = 34mH

Total Daily Flow = 5,364 m3/day

Minimum Night Flow = 51.9 l/s

Baseline 2

Maximum Pressure = 22mH

Total Daily Flow = 5,015 m3/day

Minimum Night Flow = 43.2 l/s

leaks found and repaired

Pressure Reduction

DMZ GB.082 Kg Baru Ampang

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PRESSURE MANAGEMENTZONE (PMZ)

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• Similar to DMZ but in smaller scale encompassing 250 to 500 connections or 5 km of pipe length.

• Primarily for reducing pipe burst frequency.

• Critical areas not economically viable to set up DMZ

• Reduction of OPEX in term of burst repair.

• Contribution to leakage savings although not as much as DMZ

PRESSURE MANAGEMENT ZONE (PMZ)

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Pressure Management Zone at Rawang Tin

30/11/09Mon

29/11/09Sun

28/11/09Sat

27/11/09Fri

26/11/09Thu

25/11/09Wed

24/11/09Tue

23/11/09Mon

22/11/09Sun

21/11/09Sat

20/11/09Fri

19/11/09Thu

18/11/09Wed

17/11/09Tue

Flow

: (m

³/d)

800

750

700

650

600

550

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Pressure : (m)

40

38

36

34

32

30

28

26

24

22

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

Capped Pressure = 15 mH (red profile)

Initial Pressure = 38 mH (red profile)

Capped Pressure = 15 mH (red profile)

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FURTHER REDUCTION USING TIMER AND FLOW

MODULATOR AT PRV

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• During night time, pressure increases due to low demand leading to higher background leakage.

• Electronic devices installed at selected DMZ/PMZ to further control Minimum Night Flow (MNF).

1) Timer

- Common technique.

- Can be programmed between day and night.

2) Flow modulator

- More sophisticated.

- Regulate the downstream pressure based on demand flow into DMZ/PMZ.

Further Reduction Using Timer and Flow Modulator at PRV

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MNF without flow modulator Reduction in MNF with flow

modulator

Pressure is maximum at low flow during night time.

Pressure is propotional reduce accordance to low flow demand

Flow and Pressure profile for DMZ installed with flow modulator at PRV

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DMZ profile without flow modulator.

Average TDF = 1,650m3/dayDMZ profile with flow modulator

Average TDF = 1,356 m3/day

Comparison profile of flow and pressure after flow modulator installation

Further reduction in background leakage = 294 m3/day

06/02/09Fri

05/02/09Thu

04/02/09Wed

03/02/09Tue

02/02/09Mon

01/02/09Sun

31/01/09Sat

30/01/09Fri

Flow

: (l/

s)

25

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Pressure : (m)

13.51312.51211.51110.5109.59

8.587.576.565.554.543.53

2.521.510.50

29/01/09Thu

28/01/09Wed

27/01/09Tue

26/01/09Mon

25/01/09Sun

24/01/09Sat

23/01/09Fri

22/01/09Thu

Flow

: (l/

s)

29282726252423222120191817161514131211109876543210

Pressure : (m)

14.51413.51312.51211.51110.5109.598.587.576.565.554.543.532.521.510.50

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ACTIVE LEAK DETECTION (ALD)

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• Conducted during night time between 2.00am to4.00am when pressure is high and leak noise could beheard and detected easily.

• Mechanical listening stick and electronic leak noisecorrelator are used to locate invisible leaks.

• Apart from trunk and reticulation mains, ALD is alsocarried out to detect leak or burst within DMZ/PMZ withincreasing Total Daily Flow (TDF) and Minimum NightFlow (MNF).

ACTIVE LEAK DETECTION (ALD)

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Visual and sounding activities to detect leak at communication pipe

Sounding at meter stand Leak sounding at communication pipe

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Leak sounding activities was carried out during period from 2.00am to 4.00am

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RESERVOIR LEVEL AND OVERFLOW MONITORING

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• More than 1,200 reservoirs within SYABAS.

• Depth transducers and sensor loggers installed at major reservoirs .

• SCADA system also being developed to monitor reservoir level and pumping operation.

• Operation Command Centre on 24 x 7.

RESERVOIR LEVEL AND OVERFLOW MONITORING

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Overflow detected

Suspected Overflow from 4:30am to 7:00am

Period of overflow between 4.00am to 7.00am

Reservoir overflow profile

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SCADA System at Command Centre

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• 812 km AC mains replaced.

• 39,000 communication pipes replaced

• 329 reservoir inlet control valves repaired/replaced.

• 730,000 aged and stuck consumer meters replaced.

• 450 EM flow meters installed for large industrialconsumers.

• 15,600 cases of reported illegal connectionsinvestigated and enforcement action taken on 2,290cases.

Other Major NRW Reduction Programmes Implemented

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24 x 7 CUSTOMER SERVICE and TOLL FREE CALL CENTRE

Lucky Draw Prize Giving Ceremony

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QUICK AND QUALITY PIPE BURST AND LEAK RESPONSE

Average time taken to respond and repair pipe bursts under SYABAS:

Size (inch)

Maximum (hrs)

Minimum (hrs)

Average (hrs)

4 12.00 1.50 4.50

6 11.50 1.25 5.00

8 8.50 1.00 5.25

10 9.50 3.50 5.50

12 8.00 4.00 5.50

18 12.00 6.00 8.00

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Legend:WL = Water Loses ILI = Infrastructure Leakage Index (Physical Losses) Ave P = Average Pressure (Ratio of CARL to UARL)CARL = Current Annual Real Losses ALI = Apparent Losses Index (Apparent Losses)UARL = Unavoidable Annual Real LossesUAC = Unbilled Authorized ConsumptionDsty = Density (connection per km)

RESULTS AND ACHIEVEMENT

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NRW REDUCTION PERFORMANCE (JAN 2005 TILL 30 APRIL 2010)

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THANK YOU