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Water for the World Slide 2 Water: Who cares + why. How long can we live without water? Really?! How much do we need per day? Okay How much do we use? 3 days 30 50 L 140 50 L What?! That is crazy! Where does it all go??? How long can we live without food? 3 weeks (In dire situations, like a refugee camp the standard for aid agencies is at least 15L Source: Sphere Standards) Slide 3 Where does it go? Drinking Cooking Shower + washing hands Flushing the toilet Gardening, washing the car etc. Where else is water used? Farming + Industry At home: Slide 4 How much water do we use? Brushing teeth : Washing hands and face : Flushing the toilet : Having a shower : Having a bath : 1 L 4 L 19 L 35 L 80 L 140 L Blimey! Slide 5 Where does your water come from? Slide 6 Why cant we drink straight from the River Cam? dissolved chemicals Particulates (small bits) micro organisms Slide 7 Where does drinking water come from? Filter River source Add chemicals Stir Settle Disinfect Store Distribute Slide 8 Is this a sensible system? Pros: - Good water quality - Managed supply - Easily regulated - Convenient-on tap - Highly centralized Cons: - Leaks - Taking out stuff were putting in. Slide 9 Fail Proof? If this can happen in the UK, imagine what it is like to live in a developing country North Wales Diarrhoea Crisis, 2005 231 people infected! Slide 10 Quick quiz 1. How many people worldwide do not have access to clean drinking water? a) 100 million (about 1 in 60 people) b) 500 million (about 1 in 12 people) c) 1.1 billion (about 1 in 5 people) d) 3 billion (about 1 in 2 people) 2. How many times more water do we each use everyday, compared to a person in a developing country? a) 10 30 times b) 30 50 times c) 50 70 times d) 70 90 times C B 3. As a cause of death in children under 5, diarrhoea weighs in at number a) 2 b) 6 c) 10 d) 12 A source: WHO World Health Report 2005 Slide 11 Quick quiz 4. What percentage of illnesses in developing countries are water- related? a) 10% b) 30% c) 50% d) 80% 5.How many people die everyday from diseases related to bad water? a) 100 - 1000 b) 1000 10 000 c) 10 000 100 000 d) 100 000 or more 6. What actions can reduce diarrhoea ? D C Improved water supply Improved sanitation Improved household water treatment Hand washing Slide 12 Who here likes rain? Rain = Survival! Not everyone has the resources and technology to make drinking water like us. Slide 13 School vs Heavy Water Buckets Whats wrong with that? Who most often collects water in developing countries? Women and children Education for women Time for employment Time for growing food In rural Africa 1/3 people have water within a 15min journey. For 44% its more than a half hour journey! Slide 14 The Filtration Challenge! The Challenge -In groups, make a WORKABLE water filter -Each group = country - Follow the instruction sheet - Buy supplies from front -20 minutes ONLY! -Demonstrate filter at end. Slide 15 Where are these countries? Slide 16 The Filtration Challenge! The Rules: -Only 1 person per group buys at a time. -You can talk and deal with other groups. -No stealing! Not that you would Slide 17 Slide 18 How does this relate to the real world? Activity Money Difference Illegible instructions Resourcefulness Countries share Real World - Based on actual countrys Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - Based on actual countrys illiteracy rate - Lack of education and access to information - People in poorer countries have their own ways of coping - Richer countries may offer Official Development Assistance (ODA) to poorer countries - Countries form groups like the G8, OECD, or Group of 24 Slide 19 The Real World In 2004, the UK donated 0.33% of GNI to aid yet UK had the 4 th highest GDP in the world and 10th highest GDP per person In 1970, countries agreed that 0.7% of GDP should go to aid Today, the average is 0.22% Okay, but that was A LIFETIME ago for most of us (sorry teachers). Surely we are doing better now! WE COULD BE DOING MORE! Say what?! What about us? Slide 20 Recognize this? Slide 21 Appropriate technology Its not just about giving money and technology its about using the best long-term solution for the problem! e.g. A Ferrari wont last long in a desert (unfortunately) Slide 22 Thinking about technology more broadly Social Issues Who wins + who loses? Cultural Issues Some people see water as sacred. Training Who will fix it? Cost Can the local customers afford to buy and run it? Cheaper to make locally? Ownership Are they going to care if everything is done for them? Is it going to last long? Slide 23 What can we do to make a difference from Cambridge? Slide 24 ActionWater saved 5L/min 5000L/person/year 300L/week But remember a long shower on full flow can use as much or more than a bath 140L/week 500L/week Turning off the tap when you brush your teeth or wash your face Free Flush Saving devices are available at: http://www.thames- water.com/waterwise Fix leaky taps in your home Slide 25 You could also help developing countries! -Keep up to date with developing countries by signing on at: http://www.wateraid.org - Fundraise money for charities like Water Aid and Water For Children Africa