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Water Cycle

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Water Cycle. Are you drinking the same water a dinosaur drank?. Could you be drinking the same water a saber tooth tiger lapped up? What do you think? Is the water we have on earth today the same water that was here millions of years ago?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Could you be drinking the same water a saber tooth tiger lapped up?

What do you think? Is the water we have on earth today the same water that was here

millions of years ago?

Are you drinking the same water a dinosaur

drank?

Water on earth moves in a continuous cycle. This is called THE WATER CYCLE. There is about the same amount of water on earth now that there was when the dinosaurs roamed our planet.

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The cycle starts when the sun's heat provides energy to evaporate water from the surface. Then, winds lift the water vapor from the ocean over the lands into the atmosphere. The water vapor cools and condenses into droplets to form clouds, and when the conditions are just right, the clouds release water as rain or snow. About 80% of the rain falls in the oceans, but the rest falls onto land. Rivers and streams collect water from the ground and return it to the ocean so the whole cycle can start all over again. The water cycle never ends because the salty ocean water constantly supplies fresh water to the continents.

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One process which transfers water from the ground back to the atmosphere is evaporation. Evaporation is when water passes from a liquid phase to a gas phase. The gas phase of water is water vapor. Water vapor is invisible. Rates of evaporation of water depend on factors such as solar radiation, the temperature, humidity, and wind.

Water that is held in lakes and rivers evaporates directly into the atmosphere, but some of the water in the ground may also be returned to the atmosphere by way of

evaporation through the soil surface. Of course, the ocean is the greatest source for water

evaporated into the atmosphere.

Evaporation

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Condensation is the change of water from its gaseous form (water vapor) into liquid water. Condensation generally occurs in the atmosphere when warm air rises, cools and looses its capacity to hold water vapor. As a result, excess water vapor condenses to form cloud droplets.

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Precipitation is the main way for transporting water from the atmosphere to the surface of the earth. There are several forms of precipitation, including rain, hail, snow, sleet, and freezing rain.

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Groundwater is all the water that has gone through the earth's surface and is found in one of two soil layers. The one nearest the surface is the "zone of aeration", where gaps between soil are filled with both air and water. Below this layer is the "zone of saturation", where the gaps are filled with water.

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Transpiration is the process by which plants return water to the atmosphere. After absorbing water from the ground, plants release water through their leaves. Transpiration helps plants stay cool, in the same way perspiration keeps humans and animals cool.

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Runoff is the movement of land water to the oceans, mostly in the form of rivers, lakes, and streams. Runoff consists of precipitation that hasn’t evaporated, transpired or penetrated the surface to become groundwater. Even the smallest streams are connected to larger rivers that carry billions of gallons of water into oceans worldwide.

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The Sun's heat provides energy to evaporate water from the Earth's surface (oceans, lakes, etc.).

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Evaporation occurs when heat acts on water until the temperature becomes warm enough to change water into a gas.

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Condensation is the cooling of water vapor until it becomes a liquid. As the dew point is reached, water vapor forms tiny visible water droplets. When these droplets form in the sky and other atmospheric conditions are present, clouds will form.

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When the clouds meet cool air over land, precipitation (rain, sleet, or snow) is triggered, and water returns to the land (or sea).

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A long, long, long time later, two very bored drops of water emerge from the bottom of the glacier.

Most of the water flows downhill as runoff (above ground or underground), eventually returning to the seas as slightly salty water.

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