Water Conservation

By: Sekh ParvezAnd Alejandra Restrepo

What does conserving water actually mean• It stands for preserving the fresh water for future human

demand

-97 % of water is salt water 3% is fresh water 2% is in ice caps/glaciers and only 1% is drinking water.

• Control and find other resources for water

• Prevent the Pollution of water

A great aridness: Climate change and the future of the American southwest• Southwest, and other subtropical regions including

southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, face imminent danger from droughts, fires, heat waves and other social stresses. The operative term here is “imminent,” it’s harder for them to continue living in denial of the impacts of climate change.

Why is Water Conservation Important• If water is not conserved food prices would increase

• A lot of livestock would most likely be dead.

• If more hydro-fracking is done conserving water will become very difficult.

Water History• In 1935- Coney Island Wastewater treatment Plant

became New York’s first modern plant to replace the 19th century wastewater plant

• In 1948 Congress passes the Water Pollution Control Act to solve the water pollution problems.

• In 1972- Congress Passed the Clean Water Act to prevent pollution into the water, improve wastewater treatment, and protect the wetlands.

• Today- New York City’s 14 Wastewater treatment Plants treat about 1.3billion gallons of Wastewater daily.

Design for rainwater harvesting, storm water catchment, and alternate water reuse.

• in the urban areas the storm water runs on the ground which is known as storm water runoff.

• In NYC we have basins located near the corner of the streets which leads the storm water into the sewers.

• One way to Decrease flooding is Rooftop Gardens which soaks most of the water and decreases flooding.

Step1:Perliminary(Screening)• Screening removes objects such as

rags, paper, plastics, and metals to prevent damage and clogging of downstream equipment, piping, and appurtenances. some modern wastewater treatment plants use both coarse screens and fine screens.

What are steps taken to clean the wastewater?

Step2:Primary Treatment

• After wastewater is screen it stays in the settling tanks for about 1-2 hours

• Once the heavier substance settles to the bottom and the lighter substance comes to the top, it is then processed through a machine known as Degritters

• The Degritters uses centrifugal force to separate the substance

Step3: Secondary Treatment• After Degritters did their

job , the wastewater is mixed for 3-6 hours with bubbling air and sludge.

• This form microorganisms which consumes the organic material in the wastewater

Digesters• Where the sludge is

stabilized

• It stay’s in 15-day detention time at 98 degree F

• After the 15 days the sludge also gives off natural gas such as Methane which is used to run the boilers.

Step 4(Final Settling)• Sludge that is remained, half of it goes back to the aerial

tanks for the next day while the other half is thickened before getting pumped to the digesters.

Step5(Disinfection)

• After the sludge is settled out, wastewater is disinfected with sodium hypochlorite, the same chemical in household bleach.

• It is then safe to release into NYC’s surrounding waterways with enough oxygen to support marine life.

What are some ways to conserve water?

• Make sure every tap in your home has a high efficiency faucet aerator.

• Stop that leaky toilet. • Repair dripping faucets by replacing

washers. • You don't need to take shorter showers,

necessarily, but some hardware will help cut the water use every time you shower.

• Never throw water away. • Set up a rain barrel this summer.

Pictures

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2dbPBOwzNE