Water Conservation at Household Level

8/14/2019 Water Conservation at Household Level

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Water

Conservation

in Homes

AVNEET KAUR AHUJAAsstt. Prof. (Home Science)

K.V.K. Kapurthala


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Causes of Water

Scarcity

Wastage of water at Farm and Home.

Increasing population pressure.

Excessive irrigation.

Ignorance of people to use efficientwater management practices.


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S A V IN G W A T E R IN K ITC H E N


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T h e kitch e n w a te r d ra in a g e sh o u ld b e d ire cte d to kitch e n/ .g a rd e n la w n

,Fo r cle a n in g u te n sils fill b ig u te n silo r b u cke t a n d w a sh u te n sils.in ste a d o f d ire ctly u n d e r ru n n in g w a te r

,Clean utensils with ash or ash mixed with detergent it requires less.water

.Clean utensils altogether at the end of cooking

,Do not wash vegetables and fruits directly under the tap rather wash.in the utensil filled with water

.Use pressure cooker for cooking the food If cooking in pans select. .proper size pans for cooking Large pans require more cooking water

.Always cover the pans during cooking to reduce evaporation

Soak soiled pots and pans in water instead of letting the water run.while you scrape them clean

Keep the ice tray out for some time for having ice cubes instead of.using running water for that


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Saving Water in Cleaning , .Instead of washing floors mop them

,If you want to wash the floor first clean it with broom and then,wash with water stored in bucket not with pipe.

Do not wash household and agricultural machinery. . , , , .i e car scooter motorcycle tractor etc with water

. .pipes everyday instead wipe them clean A 15 min( ) .car wash uses 100 gallons 450 liters of water Use a bucket of

.water and rags instead

. . While washing cars etc park them on the grass


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Saving water in laundry

Wait until you have a full load

,before washing items or use a lower.water setting

Check garments to make sure they need.washing Do not wash clothes more

.often than necessary

Soapy water from washing machines canbe collected and used for cleaning.bathrooms

Water from second rinse can be used.for cleaning floor and animal shed

.Soak clothes prior to washing Use,only required amount of detergentexcess of it needs more water to

.rinse

Take water in buckets for rinsingclothes instead of washing directly

.under the tap


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k b k f b h d f b h d l d


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qTake water in bucket for bathing instead of bathing directly under.water tap

> .Running tap consumes 25 to 30 liters of water

q .Don t keep water tap running while brushing teeth or washing face( ) .It will save 4 gallons 18 liters a min= ( )/Total savings 200 gallons 900 liters week for a family

.of four

qTurn the water off while shampooing your hair and save 50( ) .gallons 225 liters a week

q .Put food colouring in your toilet tank If it seeps into toilet, .bowl it has a leak> ( )/ .Can save 600 gallons 2700 liters year

q .Avoid flushing the toilet unnecessarily

q .Use small toilet flush tank to avoid wastage of waterq .Repair dripping tapsA tap leaking one drop of water per second wastes more than 25 liters of water a day!Thats 9,000 liters a year!q


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Saving water inlawns

v .Don t over water your lawn In summer after 5

.to 7 days In winter after 10

.to 14 days

v Water lawns during earlymorning hours when temperature

.and wind speed is the lowestThis reduces losses from

.evaporation

vAvoid over fertilizing your.lawn The application increases

.the need for water

vUse layer of organic mulcharound plants to reduce

evaporation and save hundreds ofgallons of water a year.

vv -Use native and low water use

.plants


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S i R i t


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Saving Rainwater

,During rainy season direct the rain

water from roof towards village pond or

.store it in tank

,If storing in tank a cemented-underground filter tank of 2 3 width and

- .3 4 feet depth can be prepared Tank canbe prepared on ground also or readymade

,tank can be placed on ground as shown in.photograph

The runoff rainwater from the roof is

directed towards the tank through.drainage pipes ,Before the rain comes clean the roof

,and tank and put chlorine bleaching

powder or potassium permanganate to make.it germ free


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Rain BarrelsRain barrels include:

Ultraviolet resistant materialsthat will not rust, break-down

or corrode.

Ball valve with garden hosefitting mounted at base.

Lid with filtering screen to keepbarrel free of debris andinsects.


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Benefits of rain barrels

Harvesting of rainwater is free.

Rainwater is better for your lawn andgarden because it is not treated with

Chlorine and Fluoride. Using rainwater reduces demands on

storm water systems.

Stored rainwater is warmer and will notshock plants or lawns.

No pumping is required, so there are noelectricity costs.

Setup is easy, and little maintenance is


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reyWater ,Grey water is the water used for bathing washing clothes, . , ,and utensils and floor cleaning Currently grey water % ,which forms 60 70 of our total usage is drained into the

, . .,same sewage system that handles black water i e the used,water from toilets making it unsuitable for human

.consumption even after treatment

It is a known fact that efficiency and effectiveness ofour sewage treatments plants is not within acceptable

.standards The treated water might still contain harmful.pathogens when it is released to our water bodies

If grey water and black water are segregated at the,source and treated separately the former becomes fit for

, ,human consumption though not potable whereas the lattercan be treated more effectively and supplied for

.irrigation and industrial uses


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Advantages of Grey water

Will keep your plants and lawn thriving in.drought conditions

Provides lots of organic materials for the.plants as well

-A family of four can create 30 40 thousand( - ) ,gallons 135 180 thousand liters of water if

.system is used to full potential


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Disadvantages of Grey

water Must monitor plants for over

.fertilization and watering

Must be careful about ingredients,in laundry soaps and cleaners some

.can harm your plants


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Ways to enhance Water Resources

, & .3 R s Reduce Reuse Recycle

.Judicious use of fresh water

.Adapting new technologies on agriculture

( , .)like drip irrigation sprinklers etc

& .Roof water Storm water harvesting

& .

Reclaiming Sewage Industrial effluents

.Desalination near coastal regions


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Water Management in India


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level?

When there is concentrated heavy rainfall in a short period of time,floods happen. These are seasonal and natural. Floods alsohappen when the rainwater does not find ways to get drained

into soil and nearby water bodies. Floods and its aftermaths cannot be controlled, but can be

managed to lessen its effects on peoples lives. If floodmanagement is done in a holistic way, it will moderate theintensity of floods and take care of the water needs during the

drought season. De-silting rivers and canals and clearing choked drains will prevent

water logging and ensure smooth flow of rainwater. Removingillegal structures and encroachments along riverbanks,preserving catchment areas of rivers, and maintaining available

wetlands and tanks as well as creating more, will enableabsorption of rainwater into the ground.

In areas with heavy density of buildings, installing rainwaterharvesting (RWH) systems is the best way to ensure adequaterecharge of groundwater.

Usin rainwater for arden waterin , toilet flushin and washin


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What can be done on a micro

level?

In urban areas, the best way to getindividuals involved is the inclusion ofresidents welfare associations in watermanagement. Welfare associations can

spread awareness about the necessity ofwater conservation and management atan individual level.

Rainwater harvesting and grey water

recycling systems can be set up forapartment complexes or evenindependent houses. Black water can bepiped out to the sewage system and

grey water can be recycled.


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T h e se m e a su re s m ig h t lo o k to o sim p le to

.m ake an y con sid erab le ch an g es B u t as,th e sa y in g g o e s a u n it sa ve d is a u n it

.p rod u ce d

, ,E fficie n t co n se rv a tio n d istrib u tio n a n d-co n su m p tio n w ill e v e n tu a lly le a d to se lf

. ,re lia n ce in w ate r C o m e ra in o r sh in e w e

.ca n h a v e w a te r a n d d rin k it to o


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a te r co n se rva tio n o ccu rsh r o u g h

,h a t y o u d o.o t b y w h a t y o u k n o w


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THANKSHANKS

Documents

Water Conservation at Household Level