Water and Sanitation Program

End Year Report

FY 2008

The Water and Sanitation Program is an international partnership for improving water and sanitation sector policies, practices, an capacities to serve poor people.

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WATER AND SANITATION PROGRAM END YEAR REPORT – FY2008

TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... i Introduction................................................................................................................................................. 1 I. STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION................................................................................................ 1

A. GLOBAL THEMES....................................................................................................................... 1 (i) Programmatic Approaches: Roadmaps for Sector Development ...........................................................1 (ii) Country M&E Systems and Sector Monitoring.......................................................................................2 (iii) Institutional Reform and Capacity Building ...........................................................................................3 (iv) Finance ...................................................................................................................................................4 (v) Domestic Private Sector Participation ...................................................................................................5 (vi) Sanitation and Hygiene Behavior Change Programs.............................................................................6 (vii) Communications for Reform...................................................................................................................8 (viii) Global Practice Teams (GPTs) and Global Knowledge Sharing Initiatives ..........................................9

a. GPT - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation.........................................................................................9 b. GPT - Water and Sanitation Services for the Urban Poor..................................................................9 c. GPT - Sanitation & Hygiene Global Practice Team ........................................................................10 d. GPT - Strategic Communications ...................................................................................................10 e. GPT - Finance..................................................................................................................................10 f. GPT - Scaling up Handwashing Behavior .......................................................................................11 g. Global Initiative - Secretariat for the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing (PPPHW) .......11 h. Global Initiative - Benchmarking ....................................................................................................11

(ix) Regional/Local Learning & Knowledge-Sharing .................................................................................11 B. STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT....................................................................................... 13

(i) WSP Strategy Update ...........................................................................................................................13 (ii) Strengthening WSP’s M&E System ......................................................................................................14 (iii) External Evaluation of WSP for FY2004-2008.....................................................................................15

II. FY2008 Budget and Expenditure .................................................................................................. 15 III. Delivery Status................................................................................................................................. 16 IV. Human Resources............................................................................................................................ 17 V. Fund Raising Activities................................................................................................................... 17

(i) Update on Funding Strategy Indicators ...............................................................................................18 ANNEX Annex 1: WSP Achievements in Focus Countries in FY2008................................................................... 19 Annex 2: FY08 Final Project level Disbursement against Budget............................................................. 29

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The End Year Report (EYR) provides a summary of the Water and Sanitation Program’s (WSP) activities and achievements against the FY2008 Business Plan (July 1, 2007-June 30, 2008). The EYR is a critical component of WSP’s strategy and business plan monitoring process and also provides an opportunity for WSP staff and management to review factors affecting progress during the year, in order to help WSP replicate successful approaches, continue targeted learning efforts, and support reforms that will ensure the adoption of sustainable investments in the sector that in real terms help people gain access to improved water and sanitation. In FY2008, WSP continued to support change processes at the country level; fomenting partnerships and dialogue that lead to programmatic approaches; promoting innovation and knowledge creation and dissemination; and supporting clients to create customer-responsive, equitable access to service provision. During FY2008, WSP worked with countries to develop roadmaps for sector development to help achieve the water supply and sanitation (WSS) MDG targets. WSP also supported country monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems by helping clients build and improve sector information and monitoring systems (SIMS) to track progress both at national, local government and utility levels. In Burkina Faso, the government has formally adopted the WSP-supported WSS MDG roadmap and investment program, an important step in awareness and commitment to progress on MDGs. Work in Kenya and Mozambique continued on developing roadmaps, and an action plan framework has increased sector planning and budgets in both countries. These governments, among others, have also followed the commitments of the eThekwini Declaration, endorsed at AfricaSan+5, in which Ministers resolved to create separate budget lines and to set aside at least 0.5 percent of GDP towards improving the sector. The Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Fishery Resources of Burkina Faso announced significant allocations for sanitation and hygiene, particularly in rural areas that previously received no specific allocations from the State budget. Some USD 1.3 million was set aside in the 2008 budget for institutional sanitation facilities and hygiene promotion in rural areas, while the allocation for sanitation in urban areas increased by 40 percent to US$1 million. In Kenya, the government has set up a separate ministry and department specifically for Public Health and Sanitation, previously under the Health ministry. The combined allocation for health — including the ministries of Medical Services, and Public Health and Sanitation — was increased from USD 514 million to USD 537 million for the current fiscal year. The Country Status Overview (CSO) report, a regional initiative by WSP, UNDP, EU Water Initiative, African Development Bank (AfDB) and the African Minister’s Council on Water, continues to be recognized as a critical tool for governments to assess WSS sector status and track progress towards meeting the MDGs. In several countries, including Ethiopia, Benin and Mozambique, WSP helped develop conceptual frameworks for the development of M&E instruments, indicators and procedures. The WSP-Africa team has strengthened partnerships with global and regional partner organizations, such as UNICEF, WHO, and AfDB, with a goal to developing and maintaining a shared set of indicators and understanding of sector progress. Following on the successful collaboration of the 2006 CSO, WSP worked with AfDB on a 32-country review of sanitation as an input to the regional sanitation conference, AfricaSan+5. During the past year, WSP continued to support institutional reform and capacity building continued in all focus countries. This remains an important component of the WSP-South Asia program due to strong evidence that access to urban water services in the region remains inequitable and the quality of services inadequate, despite significantly increased funding and higher levels of coverage. WSP’s work in this region has therefore placed great emphasis on working with national and next tier governments on the design and refinement of fiscal incentives for institutional reform and building associated capacity. In country contexts as diverse as Mozambique, Zambia, Ecuador, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, WSP has worked with different levels of government and other stakeholders to facilitate reforms on

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decentralization, delegated management, institutional reorganization, systems design, planning and capacity enhancement at utility level, among others. WSP’s emphasis on institutional change has also helped explore the scope for market finance in the water sector, transactions leveraging market finance to the water sector and on developing sector financing strategies. Support in these areas has resulted in increased use of public (and/or donor) finance by donors and/or national governments to leverage market-based resources for the WSS sector in selected focus countries in Africa. FY 2008 was the last full implementation year of the Domestic Private Sector Participation Initiative (DPSP). The DPSP supported over 25 programs worldwide and engaged across a broad spectrum of activities from transactional support to institutional and regulatory reform. A global workshop in June 2008 provided an opportunity to share the knowledge gained from DPSP’s work during the past three years, acknowledging the existence of a vibrant and diverse private sector and the importance of a strong upstream policy environment and downstream institutional and financial capacity support. Participants shared a wide range of insights on the successes and constraints to develop private participation in the domestic water and sanitation sector in each of the countries, and identified potential future areas of focus and support to strengthen public private partnerships in the sectors. WSP continues to place significant emphasis on the sanitation sector and is an active partner of the 2008 UN International Year of Sanitation and Beyond (IYS). The UN resolution has galvanized the international community to do more towards meeting the main objectives of the IYS, in accordance with the IYS Action Plan. In East Asia and Pacific, WSP published a suite of publications delivered from its Economics of Sanitation Initiative (ESI). The ESI Indonesia shows that in 2006 negative impacts of poor sanitation cost the country an estimated US$6.3 billion, or 2.3 percent of the country’s gross domestic product. The report found that the greatest contributors to overall economic losses were health and water resources. The reports have gained significant media attention across the region, and preparations are under way for the second phase of ESI in FY2009 – a detailed field assessment of the cost-benefit of alternative sanitation options in each country. WSP is also implementing two innovative global projects on Scaling Up Sanitation and Scaling Up Handwashing. WSP knowledge activities during the past year promoted increased awareness and sharing lessons and influence national policies on the sanitation sector. During the year, WSP supported 3 regional sanitation conferences, AfricaSan+5, LatinoSan, and EASAN, and is supporting the preparation of SacoSan, which is scheduled to take place in November 2008. WSP’s Global Practice Teams (GPTs) continues to be a major platform within WSP from which the program continued to draw global knowledge and local expertise. During the year, a new GPT on Handwashing was added to the existing 5 GPTs: Rural, Urban, Sanitation & Hygiene, Communication and Finance. The new GPT on Handwashing promoted cross-regional fertilization by initiating interregional studies and working to consolidate approaches to increase the program’s impact and influence on sector reform policy. WSP is also improving the way in which it communicates its successes and challenges by strengthening its communications for reform activities. Communication and advocacy activities in Benin, the DRC, Ethiopia, India, Niger, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Kenya, Zambia and Uganda have focused on building political goodwill, acceptance and support for WSS sector reforms; sustaining the momentum of the reform processes; stimulating policy dialogue and mitigating the political risks associated with sector/utility reforms. Other communication efforts have created increased demand from clients and the World Bank’s operational teams to provide support for communications for reform. Two such communication efforts carried out in FY2008 are Agua Latina, an electronic newsletter of the WSP Latin America and Caribbean communications team, and a joint international learning event organized by the WSP East and South Asia teams.

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WSP’s FY2008 achievements are the results of continued implementation in the programs and project planning. At year end, 78% of the 137 projects were progressing well on target, while 18% were delayed and 4% were canceled. WSP continues to take measures to improve in areas of its control, such as recruitment, procurement and trust fund management. WSP ended FY2008 with USD 39 million in disbursements, representing a growth of 38% in disbursement performance over the previous year. FY2008 marked a transition year for WSP’s program strategy, management, and operations as the program continued to scale its activities to increase its strategic impact. WSP prepared a new global strategy, FY2009-2018, and a medium term sub-sector strategy on sanitation, endorsed by the Council in July 2008. These strategies outline how WSP proposes to support client countries develop and promote sustainable practices that will increase access to water and sanitation services and hygiene promotion for all, especially the poor. The Council’s endorsement of the documents allows WSP to put into operation several new components of business management and monitoring going forward: 1) its Finance Strategy, endorsed by the Council in 2005, which aims to shift towards more programmatic core trust funds with multi-donor trust funding; and to increase its current level of funding to support the program’s scaling up strategy; and 2) a three year rolling business plan, starting with a FY2009-FY2011 Business Plan, endorsed by the Council in July 2008. During FY2009, WSP will continue to make efforts to operationalize the Program’s proposed results framework and M&E efforts by launching country pilots with a view to scale up and replicate, while drawing lessons, as we go forward. Finally, FY2009 marks the scheduled five year external evaluation for WSP. We look forward to the external evaluation to provide a fresh perspective on WSP’s strategy evolution and impact on the ground.

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Water and Sanitation Program Fiscal Year 2008

End Year Report (July 1, 2007 – June 30, 2008) INTRODUCTION

The End Year Report (EYR) provides a summary of WSP’s FY2008 business activities. The report also presents an overview of WSP’s key projects along the main thematic areas, budget and expenditures, a summary of project delivery status, human resources and fund raising activities. At the end of the Fiscal Year in June 2008, the WSP work program included 137 projects with an average expenditure of approximately USD $280,000 per project. The total expenditure for the Program at the end of the FY was USD 39 million. The EYR is organized into five sections. Section I presents the status of implementation at the end of 2008. Section II summarizes the budget and expenditure results, while Section III focuses on the status of delivery of the work program. Section IV presents an update on the human resources and staffing program. Section V reports on fundraising activities. The report is complemented by a series of annexes showing the detailed status of each activity at the country, regional, and global level. Per agreement with donors, detailed progress sheets for each activity during the review period can be found on the WSP website (www.wsp.org). I. STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION This section highlights the main activities and results achieved from implementation of the business plan during the year, along the main themes under which the various projects fall, but based on specific actions and progress at country level. This section is divided into two streams. The Global Themes section reviews the activities under the nine themes listed in the FY2008 Business Plan, many of them linked to the Global Practice Teams’ areas of work or global projects. The Structure and Management portion of this report provides an update on the organizational improvements made by WSP in FY2008 and which will continue into FY2009 and beyond. A. GLOBAL THEMES

(i) Programmatic Approaches: Roadmaps for Sector Development

WSP is supporting countries to accelerate the implementation of reforms to achieve the water supply and sanitation (WSS) Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) targets. In Africa, the focus is on implementing sector reforms, improved governance, development of road maps, financing strategies to support capacity development for national and regional policy makers. In all of the 12 focus countries, WSP supports and promotes not only roadmap development, but also sector coordination and harmonization. The roadmap development process has been instrumental in supporting countries to move to programmatic approaches and greater harmonization by bringing stakeholders together to develop national programs supported by governments and development partners. In a number of countries, this is also resulting in increased budget allocations for the sector. Burkina Faso has formally adopted the WSP-supported WSS MDG roadmap and investment program, which are now under implementation and funded through a coordinated effort from all major donor agencies. Over 30% of the required financial resources to meet the water MDG target were mobilized during the first year. In Kenya, sector allocations have increased by more than 20% over a three-year period In FY2008, the Government is focusing on the Urban Poor, Sanitation, and the Rural Poor. In Mozambique, WSP support to the rural water supply and sanitation roadmap process has helped improve sector planning at the provincial level in several provinces. The remaining task is to support the government in preparing guidelines on the use of

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funds decentralized to provinces and districts for investment in and maintenance of water supplies and sanitation. Senegal held the first decentralized Joint Sector Review in Africa with support from WSP. PEPAM, the national program for implementing the MDGs on water and sanitation, followed up the success of their first joint sector review last year in Dakar by expanding the process to include all 321 rural districts. The process attempted to ensure that budget interventions, off-budget interventions, and projects (such as those by NGOs) are based on demands expressed by districts and local stakeholders. Through these processes, stakeholders have been able to agree on levels of access and priorities, and mapped ongoing operations in their respective regions. The Stakeholders used the water and sanitation plans developed for about 150 districts since 2006 to frame the discussions. Ultimately, a three-year rolling operational plan for each region and a consolidated report will be produced to ensure that districts and the local electorate have their say in the national budget arbitrage and sector review. The outputs so far have served as inputs to the preparation of the forthcoming World Bank and AfDB operations and parts of the government 2009 budget. Over time, these efforts are expected to lead to increased resource allocations. During this International Year of Sanitation, WSP has also played a pro-active role in elaborating joint funding arrangements for the sanitation component in Zambia’s national WSS program (NRWSSP) which will now be co-financed by UNICEF, IDA and WaterAid with related policy development work to be co-financed with IDA. In Benin, WSP has been instrumental in supporting the government in the development of an Urban Sanitation Strategy paper to help guide policy and investments in the sanitation sub-sector. Moreover, WSP support in fragile/post-conflict states has led to positive results, such as the development of a pro-poor strategy in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The strategy, adopted by Government of DRC in May 2008, has now been included in the World Bank urban water investment project under preparation. WSP also supported the government to develop a concept for scaling up RWSS. Based on this concept the government, in partnership with donors, will be launching implementation of the program in three provinces in the country. In many of our focus countries, policies and sector programs are now in place. Looking ahead, WSP will focus its country support and knowledge work on implementation issues and on monitoring through Country Status Overviews at regional levels.

(ii) Country M&E Systems and Sector Monitoring

WSP activities under this theme seek to strengthen sector planning, resource allocation, domestic and donor accountability by helping clients build and improve sector information and monitoring systems (SIMS) to track progress both at national, local government and utility levels. SIMS aims to provide a strong feed-back mechanism to encourage sector learning: a means of assessing what works and what does not in order to make incremental improvements to the equity, efficiency and effectiveness of sector spending and to assess and adapt existing sector policy. In response to country and development partner demand for support in strengthening country-level monitoring, WSP-Africa has responded both by directly supporting country SIMS (Senegal, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Tanzania, Benin, and Kenya) and by working with organizations with a regional WSS sector monitoring interest to coordinate support and improve regional reporting in partnership with AMCOW, AWF and AfDB, JMP, UN Habitat, UNSGAB, SDC, BMZ/GTZ, WaterAid and ANEW. Country support to SIMS comes in four forms: a) helping countries build their national WSS sector M&E systems; b) providing technical assistance to national analytical units mandated to deliver sector analysis; c) develop and test monitoring approaches/ tools; and d) specific (ad hoc) analytical inputs to sector review processes. The combination of support varies across countries in response to demand (see

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examples below). Due to high level of demand from countries, WSP-Africa has had to prioritize its support carefully with countries where resources are not immediately available. During FY2008, WSP helped develop conceptual frameworks with several countries, including Ethiopia, Benin and Mozambique. WSP has continued towards supporting the development of a full set of M&E instruments, indicators and procedures for specified countries. In FY08, WSP developed and started the piloting of a mobile-to-internet inventory and monitoring platform for (non) piped systems. The platform has dedicated online user interfaces for various users such as the sector coordination unit, PEPAM, various ministry departments and projects/ NGOs etc. Key innovations are the participation of water provider manager in updating the system regularly using new information and communication technologies (NICT, the PPP arrangement with Manobi, a local NICT firm, which will provide the service and run the platform, not just develop the system to be used as well as the attempts at developing cost recovery principles in order to making users pay for the services rendered. After the testing period ends early FY09, discussions will be held with the client in order to scale it up in Senegal as well as in other countries based on demand. WSP also supported the creation of a partnership between PEPAM and ANSD (bureau of statistics) in order to make better use of house hold surveys. The support is ongoing and is expected to give the sector better information on sanitation, texture to coverage and improved questionnaire for the next poverty assessment planned for early 2009. In Senegal, the implementation of the sector SIMS is well underway and WSP is continuing to support the Programme d’eau potable et d’assainissement du Millénaire (PEPAM) sector analytical and coordination unit. In Tanzania a Quality of Service Delivery Survey (QSDS) for the national Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project was implemented. The focus of the survey was the relationship between communities, service providers and district water departments. In addition to the activities in the countries mentioned, there have been requests from the governments of Mali, Zambia, DRC and Malawi made through the African Development Bank (AfdB) and WSP’s Regional Advisory Committee. Unfortunately, WSP has not had the resources to fully respond to these requests. Through these activities WSP has built closer partnerships with the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program. This led to collaborative initiatives aimed at improving dialogue between regional and country monitoring systems through a) regional awareness raising workshops; b) the ‘Drivers of change in the WSS sector’ debate at Africa Water Week; and c) in bringing international agencies involved in sector monitoring together to outline a new generation of WSS monitoring tools that have been presented in Stockholm August 2008. Sector monitoring continues to be a strong component of the partnership with AfDB. Following on from collaboration on the 2006 Country Status Overview, WSP worked with AfDB on a 32-country review of sanitation as an input to AfricaSan+5. In November 2007, WSP and AfDB began initial discussions on the methodology for a second CSO report. During Africa Water Week AMCOW formally requested that WSP and AfDB work together on a follow up CSO report.

(iii) Institutional Reform and Capacity Building

WSP provides policy advice, capacity enhancement support and knowledge management aimed at enhancing institutional change and a credible supportive investment climate in the water and sanitation sector. This has been a particularly strategically important activity in WSP-South Asia. This role involves more than training, as capacity building tends to be more effective if it occurs in the context of institutional reform. For example, the functions of policy making, oversight and regulation and service provision are often not clearly delineated, which leads to conflicting objectives in the sector, a lack of incentives for good performance, and a lack of accountability. WSP thus engages clients and sector stakeholders in policy dialogue, and provides technical advice and networking support between different agencies to promote reforms.

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Across all regions, WSP has been working with clients in developing principles of performance improvement planning for urban water and sanitation service providers, linking this to benchmarking, project preparation and monitoring, and facilitated regional exchange and knowledge sharing on such initiatives, often in collaboration with regional utility networks (SAWUN, SEAWUN). Typically, WSP engages at all levels: learning from on-the-ground service provider level experiences to inform higher level policy and strategy and also to build up a range of relevant lessons for comparison and learning. In all regions WSP’s role is often to raise awareness of alternative institutional options, possible roadmaps for reform, and the need for and options for process of reform that would be responsive to sector needs and credible among stakeholders. WSP’s capacity building role is not confined narrowly to water and sanitation institutions. The constraints on performance entail more than limited capacity or internal organizational factors within the water and sanitation sectors. The institutional arrangements for the sector cannot in isolation from the broader intergovernmental context. Addressing this challenge requires multi-level and multi-faceted engagement at all levels, supported by effective knowledge sharing and lesson-learning. In country contexts as diverse as Mozambique, Zambia, Ecuador, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, WSP has worked with different levels of government and other stakeholders to facilitate reforms such as decentralization, delegated management, institutional reorganization, systems design, planning and capacity enhancement at utility level. While sector-specific institutions often are the direct clients, the institutional and capacity requirements of the sector mostly requires engagement with broader issues of decentralization and institutional reform. In South Asia, for example, the emphasis on institutional change is highly pronounced as there is strong evidence that despite significantly increased funding and higher levels of coverage, access to urban water services remains inequitable and the quality of services inadequate. WSP’s work in this region has therefore placed a great deal of emphasis on working with national and second tier governments on the design and refinement of fiscal incentives for institutional reform, and building associated capacity. Across all regions, WSP finds it useful to work with other development partners to scale up the impact on capacity enhancement. In several countries it has participated in the design in capacity building programs, often bringing specific country knowledge to these programs. Currently, for example, WSP is part of a series of initiatives – to be funded by the World Bank and DFID – aimed at supporting local government capacity building and institutional reforms in line with the Government of India’s major fiscal schemes to support urban service delivery improvements. Together with these agencies, WSP is addressing capacity and institutional design constraints that affect the delivery or water and sanitation services, as part of a more comprehensive range of interventions that improve the legal and regulatory environments, fiscal arrangements, accountability to relevant levels of government, and interaction with clients and citizens.

(iv) Finance

The goal of activities under this theme is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of resources, strengthen integration of WSS into national budgets and poverty reduction strategies, develop innovations to leverage local domestic resources, and reduce financial losses. The work on public finance reviews and performance monitoring has been reported in the section above on country-level monitoring. This section focuses on WSP’s work in exploring the scope for market finance in the water sector, transactions leveraging market finance to the water sector and on developing sector financing strategies. Support in these areas has resulted in increased use of public (and/or donor) finance by donors and/or national governments to leverage market-based resources for the water and sanitation sector in selected focus countries in Africa.

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Potential for microfinance to community water supplies is being explored through action research in Kenya. Potential for market finance to utilities in Africa is being developed directly by facilitating transactions (Uganda and Burkina Faso) and by supporting credit-rating exercises. WSP is working with Uganda’s water utility NWSC to prepare a local currency listed bond in the Uganda Stock Exchange. The NWSC bond will be the first water utility bond in Africa (outside of South Africa). Support to Burkina Faso’s ONEA has also begun where as a first step a strategy for diversification of financing is being developed. Further information on these projects can be found in the following section that reviews domestic private sector participation. WSP is introducing a process of credit-rating for African water utilities. Seven African utilities from East, West and Northern Africa are involved in the credit-rating process being carried out by Global Credit Ratings a leading African credit-rating agency. This effort is being carried out in partnership with WOP Africa, PPIAF and AfDB in order to ensure take-up and impact of the assessments. Ongoing credit assessments in Tanzania seek to link urban water authorities to the banking sector and increase potential for transactions has increased. In India, a study of sector financing was conducted to identify the extent to which cities and service providers have accessed market finance and to initiate a dialogue on how market finance can be increasingly leveraged for sector development.

(v) Domestic Private Sector Participation

The Domestic Private Sector Participation (DPSP) Initiative supported over 25 projects worldwide and engaged across a broad spectrum of activities. A global workshop attended by over 120 participants from over 20 countries was held in London in June 2008, and showcased the Initiative’s most promising and innovative examples. Progress against key outcomes show some encouraging signs, including: • Improved level of policy dialogue with better market information promoted key reforms. In India,

Pakistan, the Philippines and in Africa, benchmarking, credit assessment/rating initiatives and analysis, and dialogues on access to market finance have led to nuanced understanding of the differing market structures and readiness of supplier segments to improve service and access finance. As a result, country clients, with support from WSP and other donors, are at various stages of preparing and implementing investment projects and other activities that maximize the role of local private actors. In Bolivia, for instance, sector authorities have incorporated small scale operators in investment plans.

Operational and management reform involving local private sector providers contributed to efficiency and service improvements. Positive results from testing models for contracting out services, establishing public-private partnerships and doing business have demonstrated the gains to be made from similar arrangements. In Kenya, a public-private partnership in Kisumu resulted in the doubling of revenues and reduced unaccounted-for-water, and will be expanded to serve an additional 110,000 people. In Rwanda, WSP assistance in the tendering and post-award processes in the delegation of rural water systems to private operators has resulted in the improved functionality of these systems. Similar work is being carried out in Mali to facilitate private sector participation in the delivery of services in rural/small urban centers, starting with pilots in 5 centers and expanding to 30. In Peru, small town water provision has also benefited from the introduction of private operators – the successful pilot in over 20 towns by WSP and the World Bank will be extended to 400 more. In the Philippines, 11 utilities completed their improvement plans, representing some USD 2 million worth of investments that, among others, aim to increase connections by over 17,000, serving about 94,000 persons, in the next 5 years. In Pakistan and Bangladesh several of the sixteen utilities involved in performance improvement planning and benchmarking initiatives have started contracting with the private sector to improve efficiency, expand coverage and provide better service.

• Business development services and transaction support generated increased investment from local

financial institutions and other funding organizations. The technical assistance and transaction support

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provided by WSP opened up access of rural water systems to market finance through a microfinance institution, and also facilitated the entry of GPOBA (USD 1.2 million) support. Twenty-one community-managed piped water projects in greater Nairobi will be financed by K-Rep Bank, with technical support from WSP and part-funding through GPOBA. An initial eight loans totaling about USD 900,000 have been approved. A project development facility is being developed with funding from PPIAF (USD 500,000) and with EU water facility funds (Euro 1.5 million) the project will target up to 60 community water projects. WSP advisory and facilitation support to Uganda’s National Water and Sewerage Company is set to lead to a medium term note program of USD 60 million, with a first tranche of about USD 18 million. Work in the Philippines is expected to lead to increased investment by 11 utilities, USD 1 million of which will be sourced from commercial banks. In India, WSP supported identification and preparation of USD 1 million of GPOBA project to provide rural water supply service in 25 villages. The local private provider, the Naandi Foundation, has been able to leverage additional market finance to scale up service to over 400 villages.

• Entry of more players created a more robust sanitation market. Sustainable sanitation markets are

being developed through the promotion of more effective demand and strengthening the supply chain. In Peru, the “Sanitation as a Business” initiative has supported the entry of private sector actors such as financial institutions, corporations and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) selling sanitation products, educational institutions, and advertising agencies into the sanitation market.

WSP’s work on engaging the domestic private sector in WSS services has resulted in increased interest from donors, clients, and other partner organizations in the theme. Going forward in FY2009, the aim is to build on the lessons learned from DPSPI and focus on two interrelated areas: (1) improving service providers’ ability to access resources to enable scale up; and (2) bringing private financiers into the water and sanitation sector. Moreover, WSP will strengthen the partnerships with donor and partner organizations in order to scale up the work performed by these important local private actors.

(vi) Sanitation and Hygiene Behavior Change Programs

WSP has provided extensive support in the design, fund raising, organization and implementation of regional Ministerial level conferences on sanitation in WSP regions, the launching of the National Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene Policy in Kenya; development of National, State and Provincial sanitation policies, strategies and programs in India and Pakistan and community-led total sanitation initiatives in rural sanitation in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Africa: In Kenya, the National Environmental Sanitation and Hygiene Policy was launched by the Minister for Health in October 2007. The project is progressing well and has been able to attract support and collaboration from key partners such as UNICEF and WHO. There has also been buy-in by all key NGOs involved in the WASH programs in the country. The years of support to and advocacy for the sanitation and hygiene sub-sector in Ethiopia by WSP came to fruition during the first half of FY2008. Following the joint Bank and Donor WASH Mission in October 2007, agreement was reached to allocate USD 24 million (from IDA and DFID Trust Fund) to the Ministry of Health for the promotion and implementation of Hygiene and Sanitation improvements in the country with special emphasis on schools and health facilities. In Rwanda, hygiene promotion and sanitation coordination mechanisms have been established and actions plans have been adopted, implemented and are being regularly updated by the Government of Rwanda.

Latin America & Caribbean: The meeting of high level authorities from Ministries of Health resulted in the signing of a regional agreement to support the LatinoSan Cali declaration; the Hand washing initiative; the International Year of Sanitation and the strengthening of FOCARD-APS (the Forum on Potable Water and Sanitation for Central America and the Dominican Republic). This political platform provided the necessary environment to formulate a solid regional agenda on sanitation and hygiene in

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Central America. Several handwashing initiatives are underway in Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Bolivia, and Ecuador. WSP is also providing technical assistance to the handwashing components of two investment projects: a World Bank loan in Panama and a UNICEF project in Bolivia. South Asia: In India, WSP activities have effectively advocated for and are supporting the implementation of community led outcome-oriented approaches in rural sanitation in Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh to scale up open-defecation free villages. WSP has supported four states to develop urban sanitation strategies and funding programs modeled on the draft National Urban Sanitation Policy. For solid waste management, at the national, state and local level, the program has been successful in refocusing attention on sanitary disposal and getting this emphasis incorporated into policies, strategies and practices. Three clusters of local bodies have developed formats for inter-municipal cooperation. In Pakistan, WSP activities have led to adoption of provincial sanitation strategies modeled on the National Sanitation Policy and substantial funding of outcomes based approaches to scale up Community Led Total Sanitation. In Bangladesh, WSP is supporting improved implementation of the National Sanitation Strategy with a focus on improving M&E, communications and cross learning among local governments. East Asia and Pacific: The Philippines component of the Sustainable Sanitation in East Asia program, seeks to support increased access (for the poor) to sanitation services. Work currently underway includes the carrying out of baseline field surveys in six sites. The implementation team has completed a round of preliminary site visits validating the activities stated in the TOR and ensuring commitment of local project partners through the passing of city/municipal resolutions and formal signing of memoranda of agreement. Agreed local work plans have been presented and approved by the Program Steering Committee. In Indonesia, six cities developed poor-inclusive sanitation strategies with facilitation support by the Indonesia Sanitation Sector Development Program (ISSDP). A second phase of ISSDP was approved in April this year up to December 2009, and will start to scale up the initial city sanitation planning model working at the provincial level as well as in new cities. In Vietnam the Handwashing Initiative (HWI) was launched on June 5, 2008 after nearly two and a half years of preparation. The launch, organized in Hanoi, was attended by over 400 participants including Government representatives (also from Lao PDR), several mass organizations, parents, school children, and the media. The event received significant press coverage with over 100 articles published in Vietnamese print and electronic newspapers and a one minute news story aired on the most popular national TV station. Immediately after the launch, a scaled down version of the launch was carried out in 8 provinces, with on average 400 – 500 in attendance, to provide an entertaining and educational means to promote handwashing messages at the community level. Global: WSP is implementing two large scale global projects on Scaling Up Sanitation and Scaling Up Handwashing. In these two projects, WSP works with its national and local government partners as well as the private sector to achieve large scale increases in sustainable access to basic hygienic sanitation and to change handwashing behaviors sustainably and at large scale. The Scaling Up Sanitation project uses the community led total sanitation (CLTS) and sanitation marketing approaches and are being implemented in India, Indonesia, and Tanzania. The Scaling Up Handwashing project uses social marketing approaches that are consumer focused and intervene with an appropriate mix of interventions such as mass media, direct consumer contact and interpersonal communications to change handwashing behaviors, and are being implemented in Peru, Senegal, Tanzania and Vietnam. Both of these global Scaling Up projects have state of the art impact evaluations to measure the impact of improved sanitation and hygiene on health, socioeconomic and nutritional status; results based M&E systems that will facilitate improvements in project design and implementation and; an explicit learning and knowledge

8

management strategy and action plan that will allow for country based and global learning to be shared with the WSS community.

(vii) Communications for Reform

Reform programs in general, and high-visibility infrastructure projects - whether or not they include a reform component - share a common characteristic: they influence a range of stakeholders with varied interests. Stakeholders need to be informed of the proposed changes, have long term benefits explained, and be encouraged to modify their behavior, expectations, and attitudes accordingly. Meaningful communication is about getting information out to critical audiences, listening to their feedback, and responding appropriately. A project in Africa is demonstrating the potential of employing communication interventions to strengthen the capacities of water sector institutions, particularly service providers and regulatory/oversight agencies, to improve service delivery. Communication and advocacy activities in Benin, the DRC, Ethiopia, India, Niger, Burkina Faso, Senegal, Kenya, Zambia and Uganda have focused on building political goodwill, acceptance and support for WSS sector reforms; sustaining the momentum of the reform processes; stimulating policy dialogue; and mitigating the political risks associated with sector/utility reforms. At least four sector institutions have incorporated communication components in their reform programs. Already, there is increasing demand from clients to strengthen their capacities to implement strategic and professionally managed information, advocacy and behavior-change programs in order to effectively influence and have impact on technical and reform projects. Agua Latina, an electronic newsletter of the WSP-Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) communications team, has had an active year: 80% of interviewed users report satisfaction with the quality and usefulness of Agua Latina e-news, and the number of subscribers continues to grow. In its tenth issue, Agua Latina has increased its audience size by 60 percent (March 2008) and reports about 24,000 monthly average visits, totaling approximately 184,000 visits from August 2007-June 2008. WSP-South Asia and WSP-East Asia and Pacific with support from PPIAF and WSP’s Global Practice Team on Communications organized an international learning event on communications and consultations. Over 100 participants — with 68 senior level participants coming from Governments in East Asia (five countries) and South Asia (three countries) —attended the workshop, which aimed to encourage policymakers to understand the value of strategic communications, and to enable them to implement effective communication strategies for their programs. As a result of the learning and international experience gained at this workshop, WSP-South Asia has seen increased demand from clients and the World Bank’s operational teams to provide support for communications for reform. In India, the centrally-located Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (Ministry of Rural Development) and the Technical Advisory Group (TAG), Ministry of Urban Development both Government of India as well as the governments of the states of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh have requested assistance for their programs. In Pakistan, there has been a request from the Government of Punjab to integrate communications and consultation into its “Reform Roadmap”, while the World Bank’s Pakistan Earthquake Recovery Project has requested for sustained communications support. Advocacy workshops with media/civil society in India are proving to be very helpful in fine tuning messages on urban WSS. State and local governments have requested assistance to integrate communications and consultations into UWSS planning processes and, more generally, into urban service delivery planning. WSP-South Asia is supporting the Department of Drinking Water Supply, Government of India the nodal agency in charge of organization SACOSAN, November 2008, in New Delhi to develop a communications strategy with a vision beyond 2008 for IYS and SACOSAN.

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In East Asia and Pacific, WSP has improved internal as well as client capacity in strategic communications through a series of learning and advocacy activities such as the EAP-SA communications and consultations workshop in March 2008. Having been provided with the “whys” and “hows” of strategic communications, client governments allocated more resources for communications and integrated stakeholder consultations into their water and sanitation projects. A project in Lao PDR is pulling together good practices and lessons learnt in the application of rural water supply and sanitation and urban sector communications strategies across countries. One significant initiative under this project is the development of IEC hygiene promotion materials with 49 ethnic groups for dissemination and application of the RWSS sector strategy. Over the past 2 years, in northern, central and southern provinces, field work has taken place with 16 ethnic groups by using a ladder of options for the development of their own community-designed hygiene promotion materials for use in their local areas. Further, for the urban sector, the program will define a communications strategy through the nation-wide communications campaign to promote domestic private investment on water supply.

(viii) Global Practice Teams (GPTs) and Global Knowledge Sharing Initiatives

WSP established its Global Practice Teams (GPTs) in FY2005 to enhance global knowledge management and learning and to strengthen influence on the Bank and other IFIs. Since their formation, the GPTs have helped create an environment that supports and encourages cross-regional and global learning and that will allow WSP to provide even more global leadership and innovation on a core set of issues. The GPTs have promoted rapid cross-fertilization across regions and are constantly working to enhance our influence of the World Bank and other development partners' agenda and knowledge in the WSS practice. The main functions of the GPTs include (i) generating global knowledge and promote cross-regional fertilization and active learning; (ii) defining WSP's positioning and vision in thematic areas; (iii) leading participation in conferences/working groups (the GPTs are expected to be the external face of WSP in the thematic area); (iv) leading thematic discussion with Bank practitioners as well as those from our key donor and partner agencies; and (v) gathering knowledge and lessons learned by donors and other partners. All GPT activity and especially its products need to be relevant to our clients on the ground. In FY2008 five GPTs (Rural, Urban, Sanitation & Hygiene, Communication and Finance) continued to implement their work program while a new GPT on Handwashing was formed.

a. GPT - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation The GPT on RWSS examines the multiple use of domestic water, to establish the links with poverty reduction and improved sustainability. A study was commissioned on assessing the link between productive use of domestic water, poverty reduction and sustainability. The study will be based on data collected from three countries (Colombia, Kenya and Mozambique). The study will leverage WSP's experience and knowledge at country level as well as that of other agencies involved in this field (IWMI, IRC, PRODWAT, NGOs, World Bank, and academic institutions). Consultants have been hired and are in the process of finalizing the research design for the study.

b. GPT - Water and Sanitation Services for the Urban Poor The Urban GPT (UGPT) is currently working on two flagship products. The first focuses on UWSS services for the urban poor and the second, on social accountability in UWSS. By harnessing cross-regional analysis and action research, both of these flagship products will facilitate the use of some of the most promising experiences from around the world to practitioners and policy-makers as they address issues of responsive service provision to the urban poor. The Urban GPT’s “Guidance Notes on Improving Water Supply and Sanitation Services for the Urban Poor” identifies approaches to resolving 12 of the most recurring obstacles for the expansion of services to the urban poor (from administrative and legal barriers, to appropriate financial policies, and vested interests), while the social accountability action research is analyzing six to ten cases from four regions that have successfully promoted greater

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accountability by utilities. The UGPT is in the process of identifying global dissemination events for both of these flagship products as well as external partnerships to collaborate on future UGPT initiatives and products.

c. GPT - Sanitation & Hygiene Global Practice Team

For the Sanitation and Hygiene GPT success is being achieved on the ground where lessons learned are being implemented on a national scale in Tanzania. The team is undertaking 2 main studies on (i) financing sanitation for the poor, and (ii) the political economy of sanitation. Case studies for the studies on financing sanitation include Ecuador, India, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Mozambique and Senegal. The case studies on political economy of sanitation include Brazil, India., Indonesia and Senegal. The field analysis work currently being undertaken on financing sanitation for the poor and the political economy of sanitation will produce valuable knowledge resources in these two areas. Simultaneously, the team is working on the compilation of WSP experience and expertise on scaling up sustainable sanitation with a view to producing a guidance note on success factors for effective sustainable sanitation at scale.

d. GPT - Strategic Communications Over the past three years, there has been increased demand from country clients for WSP to assist their communication capacities to implement sector reforms, and also to support communication and advocacy interventions that respond to WSS challenges. These demands have presented new and exciting opportunities for the Global Practice Team on Strategic Communications to consolidate current approaches into a strategic communication program that can multiply the program’s impact and influence sector reform processes. Building on the comparative advantage from WSP’s proactive engagement with country clients and long experience in knowledge management and advocacy, WSP is increasing attention on how to build political goodwill, acceptance and support for WSS sector reforms at the local and national levels To consolidate WSP’s knowledge of strategic communication approaches into a coherent global program a synthesis paper was drafted by the team. Additionally, a regional publication on Communication for Development in the WSS Sector in Latin America was developed and disseminated in FY2008. The GPT in partnership with UNICEF designed a session on Advocacy and Communication that was presented at EASAN 2007 and AfricaSan+5 2008. A “rolling session” on Advocacy and Communications has been designed to be replicated across all the SANs. CGPT members have also participated in the retreats of the Urban GPT and Sanitation GPT to share knowledge and learning across GPTs. Internally the GPT continues to share experiences with the Sanitation GPT (during Sanitation GPT retreat at Cali) via communications for reforms aspects on what creates political space and momentum for sanitation and how to engage political leadership on the subject of sanitation, and integration of communications approaches into behavior change initiatives. GPT members supported production and presentation of lessons learned for the Domestic Private Sector Participation Initiative’s workshop in June 2008, and assisted in producing communications materials for Donors Council Meeting in 2008. GPT members have provided cross support for EASAN and AfricaSan+5 in the fields of media management, publication management, writing and reviewing TORs, hiring of appropriate consultants. GPT members participated as facilitators and resource persons in the Workshop on Reform and Strategic Communications held in Bangkok in early 2008.

e. GPT - Finance The objective of the Finance GPT is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public financial management practices in the use of WSS related public/donor resources by stakeholders and leverage additional local/domestic resources. As noted at mid-year, planned work on business development services was discontinued. Other activities also did not materialize. The Finance GPT, if continued, will transition to new leadership in FY2009.

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f. GPT - Scaling up Handwashing Behavior WSP's newest GPT, established in FY2008, aims to catalyze the growing network of hygiene professionals to advance the institutionalization as well as quality and effeciency of handwashing with soap programs in WSP and the broader World Bank Group. The GPT is providing a knowledge sharing platform, including learning and collaboration links to the Global Scaling Up Handwashing projects and the Global Public Private Partnership for Handwashing (PPPHW) secretariat, which WSP currently hosts. In FY2008 GPT members shared lessons from handwashing experiences across WSP and at international fora and assessed gaps and needs facing handwashing promotion programs. Emerging issues include the need for better knowledge of the optimal enabling environment for handwashing initiatives and behavior change, standardized M&E frameworks, guidelines for inclusion of handwashing into development programs, and guidance on sustainable handwashing infrastructure. In the coming year the GPT plans to distill these issues into a knowledge product and facilitate related implementation support.

g. Global Initiative - Secretariat for the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing

(PPPHW) The Global PPPHW has been strengthened through a stock-taking process that seeks to bring a clearer focus to the strategic objectives and activities of the partnership and increased involvement of the partners through the technical groups. In the first half of the fiscal year two country programs report successfully applying lessons learned and two new countries have started Behavioral Change Communications (BCC) to target audience. In the later half of the fiscal year, an increased number of development partners report using evidence based Handwashing techniques. A number of new strategic partners have become involved in the work of the PPPHW via its technical working groups, such as IRC Netherlands and the Center for Global Safe Water. The PPPHW working group on M&E has focused its efforts on identifying obtaining consensus on suitable indicators for handwashing. Additionally, the secretariat has also been providing support to the WSP country programs by disseminating lessons learned through the country coordinators. Regular exchanges of information with the coordinators by various means – videoconferencing; the Handwashing Advocacy Brief; the Handwashing FAQs and the Coordinators’ Training Workshop – have resulted in strengthening the voice of the Secretariat.

h. Global Initiative - Benchmarking By 2008, the International Benchmarking Network (IBNET) became a world-known trademark and a key information tool for the water sector assessments used by more than 2000 professionals around the world. The IBNET webpage was redesigned in June 2008 to make it more user-friendly and easy to access. The updates were conducted for about 20 countries in Africa, and also in Bangladesh, Moldova and Belarus. The Bank water project in Belarus will be supervised using IBNET tools. Working with OECD, data was collected for Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan and is actively being collected in Africa. This is setting grounds for the information portal of the newly established African Association of the Utility Operators (AfWOP) supported by the World Bank and international donors. IBNET is becoming a key performance assessment tool. There are also encouraging signs of the uptake and application of the data such as interest in using the findings/tools by utilities in Tanzania, Macedonia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. Another sign of the widening reach of IBNET work is the application of IBNET-based tools within the Bank community: four projects are making use of the tools and a fifth is currently under preparation. IBNET is being used for the World Bank study on the private sector participation in water services provision that will be presented in Paris in October 2009.

(ix) Regional/Local Learning & Knowledge-Sharing

WSP conducts knowledge activities to share lessons and influence national policies. A particular highpoint in the fiscal year has been the presentation of the WSP’s work at the AfricaSan+5, LatinoSan, and EASAN Conferences.

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To mark the International Year of Sanitation, WSP-Africa hosted, in coordination with regional partners, the AfricaSan+5 conference. This conference was a key learning and knowledge sharing event in the region as it brought together WSP clients and other partners to share water and sanitation sector ideas and lessons of successes and failures over the previous years. The eThekwini Declaration and AfricaSan+5 document was endorsed at the AfricaSan+5 Conference in February 2008 in Durban, South Africa, where African Ministers resolved to place sanitation and hygiene at the top of the development agenda. The document articulates the critical actions that need to be further developed, funded, and monitored by 2010 in order to put Africa back on track to meet the sanitation MDG target. WSP-Africa is currently streamlining its publications process in order to enhance quality and timeliness of information, as well as developing multimedia products on rural water supply and public-private partnerships in the sector. WSP-South Asia produced a Performance Improvement Planning series to help water utilities and service providers understand and adopt mechanisms that promote cost recovery, and sustainable revenue strategies, as well as help achieve financially viable and sustainable improved services. To support development of a national strategy on Improving WSS Service to the Urban Poor, WSP-South Asia organized visits by Indian Government officials to the Philippines and Brazil to study experience of slum upgrading and provision of basic services to the urban poor. The teams visited Manila, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and Brasilia, holding detailed discussions with the state and city governments and visited slum upgrade sites in these cities to gain insight into how services to the urban poor have been improved, in the hopes of replicating successes and learning from challenges. A similar learning visit to South Africa, was sponsored by WSP-South Asia for officials from Bangladesh, where the overall objective was to learn how the water information network of South Africa (WIN-SA) established a network among local governments, understand mechanisms between the local governments, and gain insight into the strategies they have adopted for addressing long-term sustainability issues. Through site visits broader policy issues regarding water supply and sanitation were addressed. Other cross learning events designed to support partners actively involved in designing or implementing key reform initiatives include an exposure visit from Pakistan to India to connect partners involved in social accountability initiatives, an exposure visit from Afghanistan to India on rural water supply and sanitation, a visit for partners involved in designing slum service for Dhaka, Bangladesh to learn from experiences in Mumbai and Bangalore, India. In East Asia, WSP published a suite of publications delivered from its Economics of Sanitation Initiative (ESI). The work, a study in two phases, seeks first to study ‘Sanitation Impact’ and then ‘Sanitation Options’. WSP delivered results from 4 countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, with Lao PDR being finalized in FY2009) on the economic impacts of sanitation to EASAN in November 2007, with a summary report circulated to all delegates attending the EASAN Conference. The Economic Impact of Sanitation in Indonesia shows that in 2006 negative impacts of poor sanitation cost the country an estimated US$6.3 billion, or 2.3 percent of gross domestic product. The report found that the greatest contributors to overall economic losses were health and water resources. The costs took the form of financial losses for those who had to pay for health services, who paid more for access to clean water, or who might have lost income from being absent from work due to poor health. The reports have gained significant media attention across the region, and preparations are under way for the second phase of ESI in FY2009 – a detailed field assessment of the cost-benefit of alternative sanitation options in each country. WSP-East Asia and Pacific is also actively pursuing the intra-regional learning and knowledge sharing agenda. For example, based on discussions between the Indonesian and the East Timor delegation at EASAN, WSP arranged a study tour for East Timor delegates to learn about Indonesia’s CLTS/TSSM and Public-Private-Partnership for HWWS programs in April 2008. The delegates met with central and local government officials, and undertook field visits, gaining practical insight into the mechanisms and impact of these programs. A similar hands-on visit is planned for a Vietnamese and Lao delegation in August 2008. In Cambodia, the household water treatment technology assessments are providing valuable evidence for the development of national technology performance verification programs; beyond

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Cambodia, Lao PDR, Vietnam and the Philippines are among the countries that have expressed an interest in developing such programs. Implementing this work in cooperation with UNICEF and WHO, such as the field assessment of locally produced Ceramic Water Purifiers in Cambodia, has strengthened local and regional cooperation. WSP-Latin America and Caribbean together with key partners such as the Colombian government launched LatinoSan 2007, the Ministerial Latin American Conference on Sanitation aimed at raising awareness of the International Year of Sanitation. The conference, held in November 2007, brought together key political figures from most countries in the region. With their participation, the conference resulted in the Cali Declaration, a commitment to prioritize sanitation in the national development policies; to support the achievement of the main objectives of the International Year of Sanitation; and to strengthen the intergovernmental cooperation in the Region. Additionally, main partners together with governmental advisors from the different countries compiled the Latin American Sanitation Status Report, how do we stand in 21 countries? which provides the most updated information and data regarding the MDG Sanitation Target achievement in the Region. To promote regional knowledge sharing, WSP-Latin America and Caribbean deployed a communications plan based on the LatinoSan website, a tool documenting the experiences and lessons learned extracted from the conference, a media capacity-building program to sensitize journalists at regional level, and a set of knowledge products specializing on sanitation comprised of audio visuals and promotional material. At the Domestic Private Sector Partnership Initiative Workshop in London, WSP showcased a number of knowledge products, including regional publications, videos, and a cross-regional slideshow to visually depict the range of DPSPI projects. The slideshow, also a Communications GPT product, provided a local context to the global issues surrounding DPSPI. B. STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT

(i) WSP Strategy Update

WSP has drafted a new global strategy, Scaling up Sustainable Services,1 which was presented at the June 2008 Council Meeting for endorsement. The strategy provides a detailed vision of how WSP will deepen its engagement to support clients to meet the MDGs, and more importantly, focus on sustainable practices that continue to increase access to reliable, safe and sustainable water and sanitation services and hygiene promotion for the poor beyond the MDGs. Specifically, WSP will focus its work program on the following areas within the cross-sectoral themes that will guide WSP’s global strategy for 2009-2018:

• For citizens and customers, support increased sustainable access to services: Sanitation and hygiene: behavior change programs and development of local sanitation service industry, sanitation ministerial conferences; Better approaches to improve services to the poor: domestic private sector, rural WSS services, work in slums; and Cross-sectoral linkages: gender, education, urban planning and management, environmental and health outcomes;

• For service providers, improve institutions and accountability and provide capacity support to decentralized levels of governments. Governance and accountability: communication for reform, decentralization processes, civil society participation, anti-corruption, improved monitoring and benchmarking; Service coverage: capacity to provide access to un-served areas, innovative approaches to access in slums, peri-urban areas and small towns, and replicability of these approaches;

1 At the recommendation of the Council, WSP’s Strategic Operating Principles document, which had intended on defining the core operational principles of WSP, has been merged with WSP’s new draft global strategy, Scaling up Sustainable Services.

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• Strengthen the legal, regulatory, institutional, and business environment between service providers and governments. Financing strategies: effective use of resources and leveraging additional resources for investment, fiscal incentives, improved and sustainable financial streams, and PPPs; Comprehensive policy development: engage decision making at national, decentralized state and local government, and community levels; Global Learning: for quick learning exchange and dissemination to increase investments and improve project designs across regions;

• Support to governments to build awareness and strengthen its abilities to track improvements in water, sanitation and hygiene: MDG roadmaps and programmatic approaches: development and implementation support to large-scale programs; M&E: contributing to strengthening national M&E systems and sector monitoring and data reporting; Fragile states: expand focus countries to include newly created governments from conflict and fragile states; and

• Align multiple donors and increasing partnerships among different stakeholders: Donor harmonization: align multiple interventions, and promote programmatic approach for WSS sub-sectors.

In addition, WSP prepared a medium-term strategy on Sanitation, which was also discussed at the June 2008 Council meeting and subsequently endorsed. It is the first in a series of medium term sub-sector strategies to be prepared on sub-sectors of critical importance for WSP and its partners. This document presents the global challenges and trends facing the sanitation sector, particularly in the context of meeting the MDGs, and outlines a medium-term framework for WSP to respond to these urgent challenges. Other sub-sector documents to follow are expected to include Country level Monitoring and Evaluation (including sector information systems and related activities at the country level), the role of the domestic private sector in the provision of water and sanitation services, hygiene, and support to aid harmonization in the water and sanitation sector.

(ii) Strengthening WSP’s M&E System

WSP continues to strengthen its M&E systems to: focus on outcomes and results, while linking them to WSP’s mission and strategy, and strengthen the capacity of staff to undertake M&E and deepen the results culture using storylines. WSP has developed and begun to implement an M&E system based on storylines, elements of which were presented during the 2006 Council Meeting. Using such qualitative tools has allowed WSP to more clearly elaborate on the following questions: (a) the problems that WSP is seeking to address; (b) strategies to address the identified problems; and (c) evidence of success and what is happening on the ground including performance indicators. A number of projects were selected for this pilot and examples presented at the 2007 Council Meeting. Lessons from this approach, as well as from other comparator organizations, have enabled WSP to develop an M&E framework, which was presented to the council in June 2008 and which will be further developed during the FY2009-2011 business plan period. Additionally during the past year, WSP initiated the introduction of a quality assurance program as a regular and systematic process to assess the quality of all WSP activities/projects. This quality assurance program was intended to be modeled after and in accordance with the standards for project management as set out by the World Bank Quality Assurance Group (QAG). The goals are to strengthen accountability and enhance quality over time of the WSP project portfolio and to improve WSP procedures and project management practices that would lead to an improvement in the effectiveness of WSP overall. As contrasted with the periodic evaluations of the WSP program as a whole, the quality assurance program would be focused on the quality of individual WSP projects, thereby making the link between the scheduled evaluations of the overall program with annual “bottom-up” project-focused quality assessments. To this end and in close cooperation with the QAG, WSP had hired a quality assurance expert to develop the appropriate methods and procedures such as the development of sampling methods,

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questionnaires, cost estimates and processing timetable that were laid out in a conceptual paper in FY2007 already. Pilot tests performed with two WSP projects - (a) Public Private Partnership for Handwashing and (b) Support to the Development of a WSS MDG Action Plan in Burkina Faso – confirmed the suitability of the developed approach. While the initial plan for FY2008 was to refine and to scale up the developed approach over the whole project portfolio to officially launch the WSP Quality Assurance program, after review, WSP instead made a decision to follow the World Bank’s Quality Assurance system in light of continued alignment with its trust fund reform management policies and procedures.

(iii) External Evaluation of WSP for FY2004-2008

Recognizing that the sector is continually evolving, a periodic review and evaluation was conducted in 2004, for the business periods of FY1999-2003. This periodic review was carried out under the auspices of the Council. The next evaluation for discussion at the June 2009 Council Meeting, will examine WSP's operations during FY2004-2008. Council members have earlier reviewed and provided comments on the evaluation TOR, and WSP management is currently in the process of procuring consultants for this exercise. Evaluation activities are expected to start in December 2008, and will include consultation not only with WSP staff but also with members of the Council and other key stakeholders including WSP clients and partners. II. FY2008 BUDGET AND EXPENDITURE FY2008 continued to show increased progress on WSP financial implementation. The Program ended the year with USD 39 million in disbursements, representing a growth of 38% over the previous year. The greatest growth was in East Asia at 81%. Africa and South Asia each experienced a 25% growth factor, followed by 17% in Latin America. There was also a 46% growth in disbursements at the global level. This mainly related to the part of expenditures for the two major scaling up projects on sanitation and handwashing that are managed from Washington. These projects also account for a USD 7.1 million (47%) increase in disbursements at country level, a trend expected to continue in FY2009. More detailed information is available in Annex 2 of this report.

Table 1

WSP FY08 vs FY07 Disbursements by Region

$9.0

$5.7 $6.3

$3.2$4.1

$11.2$10.3

$7.9

$3.7

$6.0

-

5.0

10.0

15.0

Africa East Asia South Asia Latin America Global / HQ

US$

mill

ion

FY07 disbursements - $28 million FY08 disbursements -$ 39 million

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Table 2

Changes in FY08 disbursements by type of project

$15.2

$6.2$2.5

$7.1

$1.4

$1.9-

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Country projects Regional projects Global projects and practiceteams

US$

mill

ion

FY07 disbursements FY08 disbursement increase

III. DELIVERY STATUS WSP continues to monitor and report on progress based on semi-annual project level monitoring. WSP also maintained a flexible approach during the year to take advantage of changing circumstances and to respond to new opportunities and demands from our clients and partners. Monitoring and reporting based on outcomes will be further strengthened as WSP moves to implement an integrated M&E system that will help to capture and aggregate outcomes at country, regional and global level, using an innovative methodology – storylines and ratings. The EYR identifies projects: (i) that were delayed and required corrective measures; (ii) whose scope of work required modification; and (iii) that can be expanded based on budget planning for FY2008. The review shows that in FY2008 78% of the 137 projects were progressing on target while 18% were delayed and 4% were canceled. For purposes of the EYR, projects are defined as delayed if the delivery of their intermediate outputs is delayed by more than two months and this delay may ultimately jeopardize the timely delivery of the project. The reasons for delayed implementation are centered around the following reasons:

• Political and unforeseen events such as election cycles or the post-election violence in Kenya, the earthquake in Peru, changes in client teams, shifts in reform focus and concepts;

• Joint implementation of projects and the need to take account and harmonize with the pace, processes and requirements of multiple partners, especially those involving client governments;

• Recruitment of new staff to support expanded work program and also to replace staff that have left WSP;

• Procurement processes, especially of large contracts; and • Trust fund processes and delayed receipt of contributions - new Bank-wide institutional

requirements to enhance the quality of Trust Fund management. As a reaction to these causes for delays, WSP continues to take measures to speed up recruitment for key positions to ensure continuity of projects and progress (Please see section on HR for more details). To improve on procurement related delays, particularly related to large trust funds, WSP has strengthened procurement management and administrative processes through training, procurement assistance and trust fund accreditation of all Task Team Leaders (TTLs). Annex 1 summarizes the main activities and results in WSP’s focus countries during FY2008.

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IV. HUMAN RESOURCES During FY2008, WSP continued to recruit staff to strengthen thematic leadership in the key areas of local urban WSS, sanitation, hygiene, finance and communications. WSP continues to strengthen its analytical capabilities of the GPTs while replacing key thematic leaders and other staff that have departed or are expected to depart. At the close of the FY2008, WSP had a total of 115 staff and 30 extended term consultants. Throughout the year, there were 32 Coterminous Term Staff Entries and 20 Extended Term Consultants/Temporary Entries. A key recruitment for the Program was the hiring of a new WSP manager, Ms. Jaehyang “Jae” So, following the departure of the previous manager of WSP, Ede Ijjasz, in April 2007. V. FUND RAISING ACTIVITIES In FY2008 a total of USD 23.4 million in new funding came under agreement. Of this, USD 3.7 million was for global core funding, and another USD 1.5 million for regional core funding targeted for Africa. WSP gratefully acknowledges these pledges below.

Table 4: Approved new funding FY2008 July to December 2007 Funding partner Purpose USD Million

Equivalent2 France Global core 1.76 Luxembourg Global core .54 Norway 40% Africa core; remainder Global core .95 United Kingdom International Benchmarking Network for

Water and Sanitation Utilities (IBNET) 2. 59

Subtotal July to December 5.8 January to June 2008

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing (extension)

5.6

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Scaling up Handwashing Behavior Change (extension)

8.9

Ireland Africa core (MDTF) .72 Luxembourg Global core (MDTF) .87 Sweden India Urban .65 United Kingdom Africa core (MDTF) .37 United States Peru: Sanitation as a Business and

Handwashing .40

United States Support to the Global PPP Handwashing Secretariat

.15

Subtotal January to June 17.6 Total FY2008 23.4

A number of other agreements are currently under preparation for global and Africa core funding as well as targeted funding, as reported at the Council meeting. The targeted funding is for the program in Ethiopia (sanitation), Zambia, fragile states in Africa, Indonesia (sanitation), Peru (post-earthquake planning), and Bolivia. In addition, new funding is under discussion for global and regional (Africa, East Asia and South Asia) core funding, and targeted funding for Mozambique, Niger, Pakistan, Indonesia (WASPOLA),

2 Figures are rounded to USD million

18

Bangladesh, Pakistan, Latin America, Central America, and Peru. Most is a renewal of current funding coming to an end and will allow for business continuity. Renewals as well as new core funding contributions will be needed to fund WSP’s rolling three-year business plan and allow the program to scale up to meet the MDGs, particularly in Africa. As reported at the Council, the FY2009 business plan still has a global core funding gap of some USD 3 million. WSP is actively following up with donors who have indicated interest, and will report back on the status and any adjustments required to the work program at mid-year.

(i) Update on Funding Strategy Indicators

As part of the reporting commitments associated with the WSP Funding Strategy reviewed by the WSP Council in June 2005, this report includes a table of indicators for semi-annual reporting (Table 5). Progress has been made in the number of donors interested in contributing funding to the WSP global core MDTF, for which a template legal agreement is now cleared and ready for signature. Another area of progress is in the establishment of an Africa core MDTF, initiated by Ireland. This MDTF allows donors to provide core funding specific to the region where global core funding is not an option. Global core funding remained very low both in absolute numbers and as a share of the resource base. The low level of unrestricted funding is a constraint for strategic program management and efficient administration. Table 5: Monitoring Report based on the WSP Funding Strategy Indicators FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 Higher-level indicators Contributions (USD millions) $ 20.7 $ 23.8 $ 49.0 $ 39.9 …of which, for global core funding (USD millions, %)

$ 6.2 30 %

$ 5.4 22 %

$ 6.9 14 %

$ 4.2 11%

Annual WSP spending (USD million disbursed) $ 17.4 $20.8 $28.3 $39.1

Intermediate-level indicators Establishment of a multi-donor trust fund (date)

Draft under preparation

MDTF for core support to EAP region established

MDTF Working Group established

Africa core MDTF established April 2008. Global core MDTF template agreement cleared and circulating among donors for review.

Number of funding partners participating in multi-donor TFs (#)

Initial indication by SIDA

1 – Sida 1 – Sida 3 – Sida, Ireland, United Kingdom have signed regional MDTFs. 6 more donors plan or have expressed interest to join Global Core MDTF (Austria, Ireland, France, Luxembourg, Netherlands, United Kingdom) 2 donors (Australia and Finland) have also expressed interest in signing regional MDTFs.

Establishment of an effective regional/country fundraising support system (date)

Concept under preparation

Partnership Specialist appointed

Number of successful proposals supported by the fundraising support system (#)

- All proposals are now supported by a new position combining legal with operational expertise.

Number of new funding partners joining WSP (#) (see note below)

1 (France) – 1st contribution received in FY2006

2: USAID, Gates Foundation – 1st contribution received in FY2007

3: Finland, Ireland

Funding by new partners as % of fiscal year contributions

2 % (France, USAID)

36 % (Gates Foundation, USAID)

14 % (Gates Foundation, France)

Number of joint proposals/programs prepared with other partner organizations (#)

2

19

Annex 1 WSP Achievements in Focus Countries in FY2008

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

AFRICA Benin

Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation for urban/periurban areas and small towns in Benin

• The peri-urban water supply strategy has been developed and adopted by GoB/donors. Urban sanitation (waste water) strategic has been developed and sustains institutional arrangements within the utility.

• PPP arrangements for management of newly developed piped systems developed for small towns.

Support to Handwashing Marketing in Benin

• The Benin Handwashing Initiative establishing an operational partnership framework in the field of the PPP for Handwashing with soap.

• Based on the baseline study and Business Plan, targeted number of children’s caregivers and poor children (aged 5 to 9) are adopting appropriate HW behavior at critical times.

Support to WSS Coordination in Benin

There has been development of effective WSS MDG M&E framework, including sector coordination and leadership improvement.

Burkina Faso Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation in Burkina Faso

• Burkino Faso has formally adopted WSS MDG roadmap and investment program, which are under implementation and funded through a common basket leveraging resources from all major donor agencies.

• Adopting the Paris Declaration Roadmap has enhanced policy dialogue between the government and the donor community, and has helped leverage financial resources.

• A communication strategy and action plan was adopted by a national stakeholders’ workshop and is under implementation.

Democratic Republic of Congo Support to DRC’s WSS MDG Strategy and Coordination

• DRC thematic group has been meeting regularly to discuss implementation of work plan and to review and update coordination strategy.

• TOR for Communication strategy developed and approved by GoDRC. Timeframe for action plan being established.

Support to Community-based WSS services for small towns and dense rural communities

• The study to capture the community management was successfully achieved and the concept note for the RWSS program and Institutional support developed and transmitted for approval to GoDRC.

Supporting Urban Sector Reforms

• Pro-poor strategy adopted by GoDRC. Study for the preparation up to feasibility level of the investment is completed. REGIDESO Institutional, technical and financial diagnostic study is completed.

Ethiopia Support to the development of a strategy for hygiene and sanitation in small towns and urban centers

• National Consensus building workshop to review and discuss the concept note for H&S strategy for urban centers and small towns

• Development of first draft H&S strategy and national review workshop underway. • Development of H&S component of Urban Health extension package and been drafted

through small group consultations. Sector Coordination and Roadmapping for Achievement of WSS MDG/PASDEP Targets

• Project achieved key development outcomes for the WSS sector. • A country-owned National MDG Action Plan based on realistic regional roadmaps for

implementing the sanitation MDGs/UAP adopted and implemented • Increased public and donor allocations WSS channeled to Regions and Woresad

leveraging user and private finance • Improved coverage of WSS.

Kenya Support to Kenya WSS Sector Reform Process

• The WSBs continue to appoint more WSPs in their jurisdiction. WSBs have appointed most of the urban WSP’s (Category I) in their region.

• WSP continues to support the sector stakeholders with critical technical assistance to ensure they are able to perform as required by their mandates.

Development of Kenya • Project completed support to the MDG monitoring framework with the contribution of

20

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements WSS-MDG Road Map the performance report on Urban Water & Sanitation to the Annual Sector Conference

2007. The budget process has seen deskwork progress. • Discussion on the Transfer Plan Completion Strategy has started with the Ministry of

Water and Irrigation. The TOR for the Technical Assistance support to the transfer plan has been presented to the Ministry of Water & Irrigation for review

Develop a model for sustainable WSS provision to Low Income urban settlements

• Completion of the pro-poor strategies to guide investments within three WSBs will go a long way in ensuring improvement in coverage. WSP will monitor this in coming and years and report as part of the Country MDG monitoring.

• Regulatory framework for SSIPs developed and implemented by the WSBs in at least 3 urban centers.

• At least 3 WSBs and 3 WSPs implement pro poor strategies in the provision of water and sanitation services.

National Sanitation Marketing and Hygiene Promotion

• GoK adopts and has begun implementing National Environmental Sanitation & Hygiene Policy.

• A sanitation status overview was prepared as part of the country preparations for Africasan +5 and incorporate in the CSR 32 Country report.

• National Handwashing program launched and regional meetings have been held in all the phase one districts.

Mozambique Building Capacity to Reach the MDGs

• Rural roadmap completed and in use; it has become a point of reference for the sector. Urban roadmap on track, with final draft expected in September 2008. Study on small towns management will follow on from this.

• Current phase of preparing pro-poor regulatory tools has ended and WSP team now preparing to support experimental practical implementation, with a coordinating and lesson-learning role, so as to ensure maximum benefit is gained from the many actors involved.

• Initial (founding) assembly of Drillers’ Association now being prepared following its legal establishment. Initiation of work on financial systems awaits creation of a new TF for Dutch funds.

Sector Coordination and Communications in Mozambique

• WSP continues to play a key role in sector coordination, and is actively collaborating with partners in the development of a RWSS SWAp.

• Initial discussions have been held with local institutions on the expansion of WSP’s role in knowledge management and dissemination, and work is under way on strategic support to the sector training institution, CFPAS.

• WSP was fully involved in the 2008 national sector review and an approach to the 2009 review has been discussed with the key donor partners.

Strengthening Sector Information Management System in Mozambique

WSP assisted in the process of establishing a national SIMS (SINAS in Portuguese), starting with agreement on key definitions and indicators, followed by the development of efficient and transparent mechanisms for information collection, analysis, dissemination, and incorporation into the decision-making process

WSP-organized workshop and inputs from the WSP Regional finance team have helped move project forward.

Sector-wide agreement on key definitions and indicators was programmed for December 2008.

Niger Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation in Niger

WSP-AF has helped the Government of Niger develop and adopt a WSS MDG roadmap and investment program.

A communication strategy and action plan for the sector has been completed and is being validated by a national stakeholders workshop.

WSP provided cross-support to the WB water sector project and assisted with the completion of the grant for sanitation, which led to the construction of 1200 HH latrines through sanitation marketing and 3 public toilets manage by private operators.

Rwanda Supporting WSS Sector In the framework of SGEA, four sector coordination meetings were organized focusing

21

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements Reform in Rwanda

on the Public Expenditure Review (2007). A Water Basket Fund, Sector Procedures Harmonization and M&E were set up.

Supporting Sanitation Strategy in Rwanda

WSP-AF took part of AfricaSan+5 Conference preparation and participation. AfricaSan+5 Harmonization Action Plan developed and to be adopted.

Two pilot projects under discussion (Ecological Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion by using Community Health Clubs).

Support DPSP to improve management of RWS systems in Rwanda

WSP is providing support and technical advice to the Ministry and the regulatory agency (RURA) to develop and test arrangements for the delegation to local private operators with a special focus on so-called complex systems involving several districts and/or pumping and treatment facilities. This is being developed through: (i) exploring options based on the local and regional experience, (ii) helping the local stakeholders to develop PPP arrangements for specific systems, and, (iii) developing contract management capacities and monitoring frameworks.

MINITERE and RURA have reviewed existing DPSP systems management. Program to support and monitor the implementation of local PPP.

Senegal Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation in Senegal

WSP helped PEPAM to organize successful regional reviews, prior to the second national review in June 2008. This participatory process, based on tools like SIMS and PLHA, will enable GoS to better allocate in W&S. Coordination between donors and GoS in W&S sector is now well established.

66 rural communities have already developed their own PHLA (20%) and 98 others (30% of the total of rural communities) now have funds to develop their own PHLA

WSS MDG action plan is being implemented. Donor and GoS contributions are registered and being utilized by the executing agencies. Implementation tools are being developed.

Support PSP in RWS Management

This 3-year project includes (i) options for delegated management of rural water supply systems, (ii) an assessment of the private sector and community participation capacity in a RWSS system design, implementation and maintenance, (iii) an assessment of the private sector‘s willingness and capacity to take on the management of piped networks, (iv) the strengthening of the M&E capacities of ASUFO

A framework of PSP in piped systems management approved by GoS and shared with stakeholders.

Scaling up Handwashing Behavior

A comprehensive Impact Evaluation framework has been developed and is being adapted to country contexts. A global learning strategy has been developed and learning action plan is being prepared.

Working closely with the HQ team on project design, cross-country learning, and useful tools for procurement plans and progress reporting (ISR).

Communications campaign and strategy continues to develop. Mass-media nation wide campaign launched and DCC in 3 provinces is underway.

Tanzania Strengthening Coordination and Tanzania National WSS Program

Main project activities were: (i) support the Development Partners Group-Water (DPG-W) by providing secretariat services; (ii) assist GoT develop, implement, monitor, and evaluate the sanitation and hygiene programs of the Ministries of Water and Health; (iii) supporting WSP-AF’s sanitation thematic group’s activities (both in Tanzania and regionally), and (iv) support AFTU1’s program in Tanzania by providing sanitation and hygiene input into missions, documentation, planning.

GoT has requests for support have expanded from historic sanitation and hygiene to urban pro-poor approaches and management, urban financing, and communication.

Scaling Up Handwashing Behavior3 in Tanzania

The project will promote handwashing behavior change at scale through an integrated and comprehensive communication program.

It will also carry out a structured learning and dissemination process to develop

3 This project sheet describes the Tanzania country program of the global “Scaling Up Handwashing Behavior” project funded by the Gates Foun-dation.

22

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

evidence, practical knowledge and tools for effective replication and scaling-up of HW programs.

Procurement for implementing agents (communication and marketing agency, documentarian, etc) at different stages.

Scaling up Sanitation Coverage through Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing

Formative research firm has been contracted to design experimental impact evaluation. Implementation firm will be contracted shortly.

Uganda Supporting Review of Institutional issues linked with Sanitation and Hygiene in Uganda

Consultation meetings with stakeholders by the consultant. The review consisted of there components: Study Financing Mechanisms For The Sanitation And Hygiene Sub-Sector In Uganda; A study on Solid waste and drainage management in Uganda, and Institutional Analysis of Health Outcomes linked to Sanitation and Hygiene in Uganda.

Consultation has taken place with the Sector Working Groups (Health and Water). Supporting Roadmapping and Achievement of Sanitation

The project outcome of sanitation coverage trends and hygiene behavior records indicating achievability of sanitation-related MDGs is underway.

A study has been carried out to understand the sanitation market (e.g. cesspool emptiers’ Association Supply chain and consumer research report prepared). Two workshops held to discuss the draft EcoSan Strategy.

National Sanitation Working Group meetings and follow-up action items and undertakings from Joint Sector Reviews are taking place.

Zambia Supporting Reforms for Sustainable Rural WSS

Finalization and launch of NRWSSP successfully completed Evidence suggests that the NRWSSP is taking root within the government system. For

example, the MLGH used the NRWSSP for the first time, as the basis for reporting on progress in the sub-sector at the Sector Advisory Group meeting.

WSP’s pro-active participation in moving some components of the NRWSSP toward joint funding arrangements has results in the elaboration of the sanitation component to be co-financed with UNICEF, IDA and Water Aid. The policy development work has now agreed to be co-financed with IDA.

Support to Utility Reform, Communication and Enhances Service Delivery to the Urban Poor

Project is designed to support LWSC define a delegated management model for community based water schemes, develop and roll out a sanitation marketing strategy; develop and roll out a communication strategy and define a peri-urban strategy.

The project has been able to provide a space for LWSC to engage positively with community managed water schemes and in productive partnerships.

There has been a full buy in of AFTU1 into the process of developing LWSC capacity for serving the urban poor, which culminated a very strong, symbiotic and productive relationship between WSP and IDA.

EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC Cambodia SMPP Capacity Building – Sanitation Marketing

Development of national hygiene, sanitation and water supply strategy is now a government priority, which attracted joint support from Asian Development Bank and UNICEF for Technical Assistance (TA) in strategy development and WSP for strategy implementation. In other words, the applicable milestone has moved far beyond its initial scope.

Sector Coordination and Country Program Management

There are joint efforts underway for the development of a national hygiene, sanitation and water supply strategy. Indication is that there is growing status and attention for the ministry and its responsibilities. Development partners continue to work in partnership to support the ministry, and pursue program-based approaches in preparation for a gradual evolution towards sector wide approaches (long term).

Strengthening Private Sector Development in Cambodia

Ten private providers are now participating in the capacity development program, with in-depth assessment and design currently ongoing. This will continue for 2-3 more years

23

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

Expanded Water Treatment technology Verification

Three technologies for water treatment have been identified and assessed. One field note, two technical reports published. Much of the assessment work has been completed in cooperation with UNICEF and WHO, resulting in national and regional connections focused on household water treatment issues.

Support to sub-regional SAWAP activities in Laos and Vietnam

Largely satisfactory progress towards outcome. Solid interest by Mekong countries in subjects such as household water treatment and domestic private sector involvement. National institutions very willing to share knowledge, but further work required in making cross-border linkages.

Indonesia Indonesia Country Project Management and Integration

Maximization of impact upon the country’s WSS sector through coordination of outcomes, outputs and activities of Business Plan projects managed by WSP-EAP in Indonesia; strengthened teamwork and shared accountability for country level outcomes among major country project teams (WASPOLA2, ISSDP, TSSM and SUSEA projects, refer to separate project sheets on these); and strategic interfaces fostered between WSP’s work and World Bank Indonesia’s operations and analytical and advisory work.

WASPOLA 2 – Policy Implementation

Project activities for 2008 have been completed on schedule; Government counterparts have supported and endorsed all the activities implemented. Policy implementation targets have been exceeded, with over 46 local governments producing WSES strategic plans and 21 additional ones under preparation

Improving the Effectiveness of Large Scale RWSS Investments

Based on availability of data on the status of sanitation access in rural areas provided through this activity, the Government of Indonesia adopted the Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approach to mobilize community sanitation behavioral change. Several new and ongoing large-scale RWSS projects, including WSSLIC2 and PAMSIMAS and ADB’s Community Water Services and Health Project (CWSHP), are now adopting this approach.

Indonesia Sanitation Sector Development Project (ISSDP) – Developing an Effective Enabling Framework for Sanitation

The establishment of a formal structure for sanitation initiated by Government with ISSDP support and the national sanitation conference has successfully raised the profile of sanitation and moved the sector forward, Next phase funding confirmed and started in mid May 2008. Government eager to continue with technical assistance to support the consolidation, scaling up, replication and city sanitation planning approaches started by ISSDP.

Multi-Village Pooling Project WSP completed two reports – first, on the current experiences and capacities of community-managed water systems and second, a legal assessment of community-managed systems in the context of their ability to scale-up provision as a business. Consultations with stakeholders at national, local and community level were undertaken, culminating in the establishment of partnership agreements with the various stakeholders. The report and consultation process have led to a detailed design and updating of the project concept.

Scaling Up Sanitation Coverage through Total Sanitation and Sanitation marketing (TSSM)

All 29 districts of East Java Province participate in the TSSM program with significant investment of local government funding. In the 10 districts of phase 1, demand-generating community-led total sanitation (CLTS) triggering interventions have been completed in 337 out of 375 communities, with 262 of these declared Open Defecation Free by June 2008. Market and consumer research to develop the supply improvement program and the communication strategy and promotion were completed and a communication campaign prototype developed. .Follow-up support will continue in the first batch of districts to improve the sanitation services supply by local markets and sanitation/hygiene program monitoring capacity in communities and local governments. TSSM implementation will begin in the next batch of 11 districts in September 2008.

Lao PDR Promoting Inter-Country Linkages in WSS for the Mekong

Solid interest by Mekong countries in subjects such as urban sanitation and practical communications. National institutions very willing to share knowledge, but further work required in making cross-border linkages Inter-country activities require approval of the SAWAP Core Team (not yet formed) proposed at the SAWAP planning meeting in Pakse, and revised dates for these activities

24

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

are currently underway/discussed. Communications for Reform A review was completed of the innovative hygiene promotion activities with 15 ethnic

groups in remote locations of Lao PDR (undertaken in FY2006 and FY2007). The positive feedback from the communities in the review is being incorporated into the peer-to-peer training program for expansion of activities with these 15 ethnic groups and with 10 additional ethnic groups in FY2009.

SAWAP Innovations The stakeholder consultation workshop on the final draft Water Supply Law was held in January 2008, and a comprehensive report prepared (draft) of the workshop proceedings in Lao and English. The draft Water Supply Law has been submitted to the Minister of Public Works and Transport for approval to send to the Ministry of Justice for review.

Developing Institutional Capacity to achieve the MDGs

The initial scoping study on public and private schools’ sanitation in Vientiane Capital City (VCC) was carried out. The final report of this study, proposing to undertake a GIS mapping of all school sanitation facilities in two central districts of VCC, was discussed and endorsed by the Public Works and Transport Institute. The project will start in FY2009. As a follow up to EASAN and under the leadership of the Ministry of Health, the Government launched a campaign on the National Year of Sanitation (NYS) 2008 and established a national committee on supervision for NYS chaired by the Deputy Prime Minister.

Philippines

Philippines Program Management (New Project)

Programming discussions with partners were conducted only in Jan 08 to develop the three-year country program strategy. Aside from this activity, discussions with the Department of Finance were held which resulted in the funding of Component 3 of the Small Water Utilities Improvement and Financing Project (SWIF) by the Public- Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF).

Support for Increasing Access of Small Private and Public Utilities to Financing (New Project)

All of the 11 participating water utilities have been trained on development of project design and financing strategy. They have completed their project plans, with four of them proceeding to secure loans. One of them has already submitted its loan application to a bank.

Program for Sustainable Sanitation in East Asia (New Project)

Local sanitation plans and programs are currently being developed by 6 participating local governments and are integrated into province-wide development plans. Baseline reports of household surveys and special studies were completed. Focus group discussions & key informant interviews conducted defined general understanding, knowledge, practices, improvements in access and, prioritization of local partners.

Developing an Institutional Roadmap for the Water Supply Sector in the Philippines

This project consists of three studies. The first study, Internal Review and Development of Unified Policy Framework on Second Generation Issues for World Bank-funded WS Project, is currently being completed. The second study, Options for Integration of Water Supply Business Operations, has been completed and presented in a stakeholder’s conference. The third study, Options for Integration of Water Supply Business Operation, was dropped as it was not funded in FY2008.

Vietnam Support to Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Strategy Updating

Final terms of reference for a local firm to support the RWSS Strategy updating process were approved by Government of Vietnam, and the recruitment of a local consulting firm by the National Center for rural Water Supply and Sanitation (CERWASS) is now in process. WSP will supplement the work through international/local consultancy inputs to ensure appropriate process and quality.

Vietnam Handwashing Initiative

After delays in program start-up, the Vietnam Handwashing Initiative is well underway with significant progress within the last six months including development and finalizations of communications strategy and materials. The national launch occurred on June 5, 2008 led by the Ministry of Health who has been involved throughout the program design process. The Women’s Union is now intricately involved in the scale-up of HW activities and will implement activities in at least 260 communes in FY2009.

Promoting the Integration of Sanitation into Water

Project implementation is now largely transferred to FY2009. Several meetings between WSP and Department of Water Resources Management under Ministry of Environment

25

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

Resources Management and Natural Resources (MoNRE), and Vietnam Water Supply and Sewage Association were held in March 2008 to discuss the mechanism of WSP support to the sector to implement the project. Recruitment to support the implementation of this project is under way.

Support to Development of a Unified Sanitation Strategy and Action Plan (U3SAP)

Progress has been made, with broad agreement on the U3SAP proposal, but the political process to get it endorsed and the detailed work to get it launched has proven to be complex.

Support to Vietnam Partner Inputs to SAWAP Inter-Country Projects

The March 2008 SAWAP review meeting in Pakse, Lao PDR, as well as the review undertaken by an independent consultant, led to agreement of rearranged implementation mechanisms for the program between Government counterparts and WSP. A new full-time SAWAP coordinator will be recruited in early FY2009. Vietnam’s inputs have high potential and can be realized for greater mutual benefit when the WSP Vietnam team is expanded to better match the demands placed upon it.

Vietnam Country Inputs to WSP-EAP Regional Support Programs

Vietnam inputs to EASAN were very strong. Preparations were based an intensive, participatory process including a high-level Round Table and a working Task Force. ESI in Vietnam has also progressed well, with the contract for the second phase study on sanitation options signed in the beginning of June.

Vietnam Country Program Coordination, Facilitation and Networking

New CTL recruited and on board by January 2008. At the end of FY2008, new recruitments of international/national staff are in process and on track, which will help to strengthen the capacity of the team from FY2009 onwards.

Water Supply and Sanitation Capacity Building

Capacity of Government of Vietnam and supporting partners in a number of specific targeted aspects has been improved in key areas of sector effort. WSP actively supports and contributes to sector partner’s events. In November 2007 a workshop on household water treatment and storage was held in collaboration with the Ministry of Health.

LATIN AMERICA Bolivia

Support Rural and Periurban Sanitation in Bolivia

• WSS Rural Strategy has been published in coordination with UNICEF • Analytical Study of Sanitation in Bolivia took place and should be published in

August 2008 • Cross sector networks are actively working in Handwashing Initiative in two areas.

Small scale operators’ participation in WSS services of peri-urban areas of Bolivia

• The initiatives of small scale operators are integrated with sector planning at national and local levels.

• SSPP are being considered in the National Basic Sanitation Plan 2008-2015 as alternatives to increase access to WSS service for the poor.

Ecuador Support sustainable WSS in rural areas of Ecuador

• The desired outcome of this project is a strengthening of the capacity of rural communities to manage the water supply and sanitation systems in a sustainable way

• The Water & Sanitation Sector Committee has been strengthened at the national and local levels.

Honduras & Nicaragua Support to the implementation of the sector reform in Honduras

• Decentralization strategy is embedded within local policies, strategies, and activities, and GoH begins implementing the reform.

• Strategy and tools to support WSS decentralization, improve gender inclusion in WS projects and improve quality of sanitation in poor areas in Honduras have been developed.

Support for policy reform in Nicaragua

• Project is completed with impact on sanitation, Handwashing, decentralization and transparency in WSS in Nicaragua.

• Advances on sanitation, the HW initiative and transparency tools were included in the national WSS policy and strategy.

Promotion of small scale operators in WSS services of Nicaragua

• Government institutions have committed to creating conditions that will provide regulations. This should improve the quality standards of products produced by entrepreneurs.

26

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

Perú

Support Decentralization and Networking for RWSS in Perú

• Impact of the project has focused on sectoral technical assistance and lessons learned. • Agreements were reached with the Regional Government of Lambayeque and Cusco to

support diagnosis and design of their sectoral strategies. Promotion of small scale operators in WSS services in Perú

• Study complete and work being done on four pilot projects to create pre-feasibility reports and operational plans to follow up and provide technical assistance.

Alternative Pro-poor Sanitation Solutions in Peru

• Increased access to appropriate sanitation services for the poorest, excluded segments of the population in peri-urban and rural areas of the Country.

• The working strategy has been implemented around four components: stimulate the demand; strengthen the supply; increasing of the micro-credit access; and support of local development.

Strengthening Decentralization and Governance in the Water and sanitation Sector of Perú

• Improved water supply and sanitation services in five regions of Peru (La Libertad, Lambayeque, Cajamarca, San Martin and Madre de Dios)

• Firms contracted for implementation in the five regions. Field guidelines, project schedule & activities, and initial workshops have all been completed.

Scaling up Handwashing Behavior

• Increase handwashing (HW) behavior with soap at critical times among the target population of poor mothers and school age children through the implementation of a national scale communication program in partnership with the GoP and the private sector.

• Implementation began with launch of the School and Community Component, where 11 of 25 regions have been reaches with advocacy and capacity building strategies.

Support Sustainable WSS Services in Peri-Urban Areas

• Increase the peri-urban water and sanitation services coverage for poor people in the principal cities of Peru. Target population 4 million poor people living in peri-urban areas.

• The project has documented SEDAPAL experience. Strengthening Management of WSS Provision in Small Towns in Peru

• Lessons learned from STPP will contribute to the development of a national strategy to improve WSS services in small towns.

• WSS services improved in 7 selected STPP municipalities; 6 STPP populations are informed of contaminated water hazards and are aware of appropriate hygiene practices; Guidelines have been validated with National Authorities and will be printed.

SOUTH ASIA Bangladesh Institutionalizing Performance Improvements

Performance benchmarking has been introduced in 11 water utilities and is now institutionalized and mainstreamed. The 11 utilities have established formal benchmarking teams and are systematically monitoring performance improvement plans. Steps are being taken to improve service delivery improvements in certain areas, including to improve non-revenue water, billing and collection, financial performance and water quality.

Policy Support and Sector Coordination

Policy support and sector coordination has been strengthened in the Local Government Division of the Ministry through support to the WSS Core Group and the Local Consultative Sub-Group on WSS to enable collective action on Arsenic Policy, improved targeting and tracking of budgetary allocations in the Medium Term Budgetary Framework, better coordination on formulation of new WSS projects and more effective advocacy and communications to promote sector reform.

Measuring the Impact of Total Sanitation

A multi-year study was launched to increase the understanding of the long term sustainability and impact of Total Sanitation on economic, social, health and productivity of rural communities and improved capacity of the GoB to undertake impact assessment

Utility Reform

An innovative institutional approach to expansion of services in slum areas is being implemented with the formation of a six-person team within the Dhaka water utility to manage the expansion of services, initially targeting three low-income city wards. Small scale service providers being identified and engaged for sub-contracting. Dhaka WASA has begun to re-tool its policies and internal rules and regulations to provide service to

27

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

slum areas. Local-Government based community WSS services

93 rural local government institutions (Union Parishads) are participating in a horizontal learning network to strengthen their capacities by sharing good practices and strategies for improving WSS services, transparency in planning and budgeting processes, revenue collection and monitoring.

Ensuring scaling up and sustainability of Rural Sanitation

With Bangladesh benefitting from a substantial increase in resources targeted for scale up of rural sanitation, the project is improving M&E and building capacity of local governments and sharing knowledge on providing service in hard-to-reach areas in order to support more sustainable and equitable investment.

India Slum Upgrading (Services to the Poor)

Initiatives to serve the poor have been launched in some of the 63 JNNURM cities; GoI has issued Calls for Proposal to NGOs to seek funding for pro-poor projects and is urging cities to set up social development units within urban utilities to enable pro-poor outreach to facilitate access to key services such as water supply and sanitation by the poor. Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (MoHUPA) initiated development of National Strategy on Water and Sanitation Services to the urban poor with support from WSP.

Options for Municipal Solid Waste Management Reform

The project has been successful in refocusing attention on sanitary disposal and getting this emphasis incorporated into policies, strategies and practices at various levels of government. Over 20 sanitary landfills are under construction and getting operationalized across the country. At least four states are actively on the path of reform incorporating approaches for inter-municipal cooperation to address treatment and disposal requirements. Templates for inter-municipal arrangements have been developed for at least three clusters.

Urban Sanitation Services to the Poor

The National Policy is finalized and awaiting Cabinet approval. Four states have initiated the development of state level strategies. Slum sanitation projects modeled on the Mumbai slum sanitation component of the World Bank project have been implemented in several cities. In sum, the project is successful in advocating for city-wide sanitation planning and introducing this into national and state level policies, strategies, programs and projects and building capacity for implementation of effective approaches to improving sanitation for the poor.

UWSS Reform Frameworks WSP-SA’s inputs towards the design and subsequent evolution of JNNURM helped highlight the need for a service delivery focus, rather than infrastructure expansion, and helped emphasize decentralization as per the 74th Constitutional Amendment. WSP-SA’s role in designing capacity building with the Bank and DFID provide concrete mechanisms for delivering on these outcomes. A study on sector financing has underpinned a dialogue on how market finance can be increasingly leveraged for sector development. The project has involved partners in advocating and developing capacity for implementing sector reforms, including improved governance and regulation, performance improvement planning, benchmarking for monitoring of service delivery outcomes, increased citizen involvement in planning and monitoring, improved cost recovery and efficiency, involvement of the private and informal sector in service delivery and developing a culture of communications and consultation.

Enabling Environment and Incentives

GoI and state allocations to the sector have increased for 2008-2009. In addition, in June 2008, GoI announced a revised program of funding for WSS, which incorporates incentives to address issues of sustainability, including source of supply, operations and maintenance and water quality. The Swajaldhara demand-responsive approach has been reintroduced, a “Sub Mission on Water Quality” introduced and allocations provided for operations and maintenance and source sustainability. The project has continuously advocated for focus on these issues and has worked to build up a knowledge base across policy changes, institutional frameworks, and local planning required to support preparation and implementation of sector transformation plans.

28

Focus Country Activities in FY2008 Work Program Achievements

Design Transformation Plan (States)

The project has identified entry points based on demand, e.g., O&M service agreements in Karnataka, water quality management in Sikkim and Maharashtra, decentralization in Kerala. Good progress has been made at the state level toward development of sector transformation plans.

Manage Sector Changes (States)

Four states - Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, and Andhra Pradesh – have adopted Community Led Total Sanitation strategies with incentives for outcomes and are in the process of implementation. Engagement with two states – Sikkim and Meghalaya – has been initiated to promote such a strategy.

Monitoring and Evaluation The focus of this project has shifted to advocate for demand side and outcomes monitoring, with a focus on RWS sustainability. Work has been initiated on good practice (India and International) on monitoring implementation of reform programs and outcomes, which can support the GoI Swajadhara reform program, which has been reintroduced in Jun 08. The project has supported design of GoI’s Sajal awards program, which provides incentives for outcomes on sustainable RWSS.

Pakistan Support policy/legal reforms – federal and provincial

Two out of the four provincial government cabinets approved sanitation policies which revolve around the achievement of an open defecation free environment. Roll out of the approved National Sanitation Policy led to four draft provincial policies and strategies. A national project of Rs 12 billion (USD 200,000) has been operationalized in all provinces to reward villages that achieve ‘open defecation free’ status.

Develop Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for UWSS

An M&E system has been institutionalized in the form of performance benchmarking both at provincial level and in all five urban utilities of Punjab. Key performance indicators for evaluating action plans and funding to the Water and Sanitation Agencies (WASAs) have been established. A special performance benchmarking cell has been notified at the provincial level to sustain this performance improvement initiative. A model framework has been prepared to corporatize one WASA on a pilot basis to address the institutional, legal and fiscal issues that limit efficient corporate management. At the utility level, data collection and analysis has led to improvement in services and overall performance of the WASAs as viable service delivery institution.

Supporting Local Government and SMEs for improved W&S services

The project has contributed significantly to strengthening the capacity of local governments, by supporting sector coordination, providing inputs to provincial policies and development plans and developing and disseminating tools to enable local governments to utilize available funds to improve WSS. The Institutional Vision for Municipal Services is to be included in the NWFP Provincial Reform Plan III (2008-11) and is aligned with the DFID policy reform support to the GoNWFP.

Building accountability of service providers and policy-makers

Eight local governments in North West Frontier Province have integrated social accountability mechanisms into their business processes. TA national public training institution has introduced training on social accountability in its curriculum. Donor funding for social accountability has also increased in the North West Frontier Province.

Karachi – KWSB Institutional Reforms and Consumer and Accountability Mechanisms for Improved WSS Services

A civil society-led Citizen Report Card process has been adopted by the Karachi Water & Sewerage Board (KWSB) as a tool for strengthening accountability in WSS service delivery. At utility level several initiatives have been undertaken such as improvement in billing and collection, performance benchmarking and tariff rationalization. In addition, the utility has in principle accepted the need for being more accountable to citizens and has established a dedicated cell to monitor progress, in collaboration with civil society, on various reform options identified through citizen report card.

29

Annex 2: FY2008 Final Project level Disbursement against Budget

WSP Budget Planning Figures (USS '000)

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Benin AF/BEN/12 Support to Handwashing Marketing in Benin - 80

11

Benin AF/BEN/13

Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation for urban/peri-urban areas and small towns in Benin -

119

136

Benin AF/BEN/14 Support to WSS Coordination in Benin - 272

138

Afr

ica

Benin AF/BEN/63 Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan in Benin

368

-

-

Benin Total 368

471

285

Burkina Faso AF/BUR/59 Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation in Burkina Faso

112

207

279

Afr

ica

Burkina Faso AF/BUR/22 National Sanitation Marketing Initiative in Burkina Faso

-

Burkina Faso Total 112

207

279

Democratic Republic of Congo AF/DRC/04 Supporting Urban Sector Reforms -

106

118

Democratic Republic of Congo AF/DRC/05

Support to DRC’s WSS MDG strategy and coordination -

90

127

Democratic Republic of Congo AF/DRC/06

Support to Community-based WSS services for small towns and dense rural communities -

16

4

Afr

ica

Democratic Republic of Congo AF/DRC/65

Supporting Reforms for Sustainable Rural Water Supply and Sanitation

181

-

-

Democratic Republic of Congo Total

181

212

248

Ethiopia AF/ETH/16 Support to consolidation and acceleration of at scale Hygiene and Sanitation promotion in Ethiopia -

-

Ethiopia AF/ETH/17 Mainstreaming SWAP in the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Sector in Ethiopia -

-

Ethiopia AF/ETH/61 Sector Coordination and Road Mapping for Achievement of WSS MDG/PASDEP targets

413

460

517

Ethiopia AF/ETH/89 Support to the development of a strategy for hygiene and sanitation in small towns and urban centers

190

136

23

Afr

ica

Ethiopia AF/ETH/17 Ethiopia Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Program Support -

45

17

Ethiopia Total 603

641

557

Kenya AF/KEN/08 Support Kenya WSS Sector Reform Process 308

268

204

Kenya AF/KEN/77 Development of Kenya WSS-MDG Road Map 118

273

146

Kenya AF/KEN/90 National Sanitation Marketing, and Hygiene Promotion

123

291

251

Kenya Total 677

1,009

699

Mozambique AF/MOZ/53 Decentralized Service Delivery 75

-

Mozambique AF/MOZ/54 Building Capacity to Reach the MDGs 129

355

406

Mozambique AF/MOZ/55 Sector Coordination and Communications in Mozambique

8

132

61

30

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Mozambique AF/MOZ/91 Strengthening Sector Information Management System in Mozambique

72

198

180

Mozambique Total 284

685

647

Niger AF/NIG/87 Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation in Niger

56

179

281

Niger Total 56

179

281

Rwanda AF/RWA/57 Supporting WSS Sector Reform in Rwanda 199

123

84

Rwanda AF/RWA/94 Supporting Sanitation Strategy 29

175

287

Afr

ica

Rwanda AF/RWA/97 Support DPSP to improve management of RWS systems In Rwanda -

58

10

Rwanda Total 228

356

380

Senegal AF/SEN/02 Scaling Up Handwashing Behavior 10

650

231

Senegal AF/SEN/47 Development of a RWSS Program 92

-

-

Senegal AF/SEN/64 Support to WSS MDG strategy and action plan implementation in Senegal

330

344

505

Afr

ica

Senegal AF/SEN/99 Support PSP in RWS Management - 198

46

Senegal Total 431

1,192

781

Tanzania AF/TAN/01 Scaling up Handwashing Behavior change Tanzania 69

-

-

Tanzania AF/TAN/10 Scaling Up Sanitation Coverage through Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing (TSSM) -

828

379

Tanzania AF/TAN/11 Scaling Up Handwashing Behavior in Tanzania - 602

348

Tanzania AF/TAN/85 Sanitation and Hygiene Support to Tanzania 117

-

-

Tanzania AF/TAN/86 Strengthening Coordination and Tanzania National WSS Program

100

89

50

Afr

ica

Tanzania AF/TAN/99 Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing Tanzania 72

-

-

Tanzania Total 357

1,519

777

Uganda AF/UGA/08 Supporting Review of Institutional issues linked with Sanitation and Hygiene in Uganda -

30

22

Uganda AF/UGA/48 Capacity-bldg support in environmental health and sanitation

444

-

-

Afr

ica

Uganda AF/UGA/60 Supporting Roadmapping and Achievement of Sanitation MDG/PEAP targets in Uganda

266

427

341

Uganda Total 710

457

363

Zambia AF/ZAM/62 Supporting Reforms for Sustainable Rural Water Supply and Sanitation

197

210

92

Zambia AF/ZAM/96 Support to Utility Reform, Communication and Enhanced Service Delivery to the Urban Poor

108

188

180

Zambia Total 305

398

272

Sanitation AF/SAN/75 Hygiene Promotion in Africa 232

323

188

Sanitation AF/SAN/76 Knowledge development in sanitation in Africa 292

362

411

Afr

ica

Sanitation AF/SAN/95 Enhancing Small and Medium Private Providers Capacity for Sanitation M

3

245

222

31

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Sanitation Total 527

930

820

Rural AF/RUR/34 Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN) Support 438

182

182

Rural AF/RUR/68 Drilling Entrepreneur Support Initiative (DESI) 81

171

144

Rural AF/RUR/69 Forming Rural Utilities Groups and Leases (FRUGAL)

135

352

184

Afr

ica

Rural AF/RUR/93 Small Towns and Rural Growth Pole WSS Service Provision

33

-

-

Rural Total 688

705

511

Communication AF/REG/49 Strengthening Communications for MDG Advocacy 122

167

207

Communication AF/REG/66 Knowledge advocacy tools 143

136

45

Afr

ica

Communication AF/REG/84 Country & Theme support 101

56

-

Communications Total

367

359

252

Finance AF/FIN/09 Leveraging Market-based Resources for the WSS Sector - Eastern & Southern Africa -

323

310

Finance AF/FIN/27 WSS Financial & Monitoring West & Central Africa

126

-

-

Finance AF/FIN/28 Leveraging Market-based Resources for the WSS Sector - West & Central Africa

234

295

411

Finance AF/FIN/97 WSS Sector Finance and Monitoring – East and Southern Africa

346

423

613

Afr

ica

Finance AF/FIN/98 WSS Sector Finance and Monitoring – West and Central Africa

369

263

346

Finance Total 1,075

1,304

1,680

Urban AF/URB/72 Promoting Accountability and Strengthening Consumer Voice

108

346

455

Urban AF/URB/80 Supporting policy and regulatory development for domestic PSP

61

249

212

Urban AF/URB/82 Supporting the supply side of the urban water market by promoting pro-poor utility reform

308

-

-

Urban AF/URB/83 Supporting the supply side of the urban market 264

534

431

Afr

ica

Urban AF/URB/85 Support to the WOP -Africa - 100

41

Urban Total 742

1,229

1,138

Regional AF/MDG/58 WSS MDG regional support program strategy and action studies in West and Central

70

-

Regional AF/MDG/74 WSS MDG regional support program Africa 165

179

217

Regional AF/MDG/92 Support to regional partnerships 133

201

141

Regional AF/REG/20 AfricaSan+5 Follow-up - -

-

Afr

ica

Regional AF/REG/21 Economics and Financing of Sanitation and Hygiene - -

-

Regional - Total 368

380

359

Program Management, Administration/other 886

826

835

Program Management, Administration/other - Total 886 826

835

32

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Africa Total 8,966

13,059

11,164

Bangladesh SA/BAN/5 Institutionalizing Performance Improvements 47

58

111

Bangladesh SA/BAN/3(a) Total Sanitation Demonstration Project

115

-

-

Bangladesh SA/BAN/26 Policy Support & Sector Coordination 127

198

171

Bangladesh SA/BAN/34 Measuring Impact of Total Sanitation 48

214

109

Bangladesh SA/BAN/44 Utility Reform (year 2 of 3) 144

194

170

Bangladesh SA/BAN/45 Local Government-based community WSS services 137

288

387

Bangladesh SA/BAN/49 Ensuring scaling up and sustainability of Rural Sanitation -

122

57

Bangladesh SA/BAN/51 Developing sustainable access to arsernic-free and safe water supply in rural areas -

-

-

Bangladesh SA/BAN/52

Improving decentralized customer focused service provision and sustainable access to urban water supply. -

-

-

Sout

h A

sia

Bangladesh SA/BAN/53 Developing city-wide strategies for environmental sanitation in urban areas.

11

-

-

Bangladesh Total 630

1,074

1,005

India SA/IND/10 Slum Upgrading (Services to the Poor) 163

217

297

India SA/IND/11 Options for Municipal Solid Waste Management Reform

385

173

204

India SA/IND/21a i

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Fiscal and Financial Environment for Reform

301

193

169

India SA/IND/21a ii

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Fiscal and Financial Environment for Reform (Annex)

51

32

28

India SA/IND/21b UWSS Reform Frameworks - Partnerships for Reform

199

196

90

India SA/IND/21c UWSS Reform Frameworks - Options for Institutional Reform

21

111

93

India SA/IND/21d i

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Develop Monitoring and Accountability Tools for Service Delivery Improvements- Benchmarking

114

103

133

India SA/IND/21d ii

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Develop Monitoring and Accountability Tools for Service Delivery Improvements

104

144

146

India SA/IND/21e

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Develop and test instrument for establishing consumer baseline and monitoring customer feedback

101

145

-

India SA/IND/21f

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Using health issues to leverage interventions for service delivery improvements

45

-

Sout

h A

sia

India SA/IND/21g-a

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Demand Responsive Reform Implementation Support: f/u on past activities

110

47

34

33

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

India SA/IND/21g-b

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Demand Responsive Reform Implementation Support: Support to design of reform in smaller cities

320

307

300

India SA/IND/21g-c

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Demand Responsive Reform Implementation Support: Project identification

20

301

300

India SA/IND/21g-g

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Demand Responsive Reform Implementation Support - Support to Governments (Maharashtra) to develop and implement institutional reforms

110

40

25

India SA/IND/21g-i

UWSS Reform Frameworks - Demand Responsive Reform Implementation Support - Assistance to Govt of Gujarat in promoting Public-Private Partnerships in the WSS sector across the state

75

117

137

India SA/IND/21h UWSS Reform Frameworks - Communications Strategies for Reform

45

78

99

India SA/IND/22i Urban Sanitation Services to the Poor - Cities Alliance

78

65

-

India SA/IND/22ii Urban Sanitation Services to the Poor -Sida 300

386

204

India SA/IND/54 Policy, governance and fiscal incentives for improved services -

-

India SA/IND/57 Improving Urban Water Service Delivery - -

India SA/IND/58 Improving urban sanitation and municipal solid waste management -

-

India SA/IND/28 a b Enabling Environment and Incentives

246

273

190

India SA/IND/28 c Enabling Environment and Incentives - Development of PPP in RWSS

69

47

-

India SA/IND/29 Design Transformation Plan (States) 232

262

241

India SA/IND/30a

Manage Sector Change (States) - Support in developing and implementing RWSS sub-sector reforms

201

417

343

India SA/IND/30b Manage Sector Change (States) - Support in developing and implementing WQM strategies -

118

207

India SA/IND/32a Monitoring and Evaluation - Review of status and partnering with states on demand side information

17

153

78

India SA/IND/32b Monitoring and Evaluation - Evaluating health impacts with behavior change

37

18

2

India SA/IND/55 Improving sustainability of rural drinking water supply -

-

-

India SA/IND/56 Scaling up & Sustaining Rural Sanitation Outcomes - -

-

India SA/IND/56 a Scaling up total sanitation and sanitation marketing.

139

855

570

India Total 3,484

4,798

3,888

Pakistan SA/PAK/38 Support policy/legal reform - federal and provincial 204

204

195

Pakistan SA/PAK/39 Develop Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for UWSS

87

187

193

Pakistan SA/PAK/40 i

Supporting Local Governments and SMEs for improved W & S services (SDC)

209

212

323

34

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Pakistan SA/PAK/40 ii

Supporting Local Governments and SMEs for improved W & S services (DPSP)

46

64

-

Pakistan SA/PAK/41 Building accountability of service providers and policy-makers

70

166

73

Pakistan SA/PAK/42

Karachi - KKWSB Institutional Reforms and Consumer and Accountability Mechanism for improved WSS Services

282

360

300

Pakistan SA/PAK/61 Decentralized Service delivery - -

-

Pakistan SA/PAK/62 Improving Rural Water Supply and sanitation Services -

-

-

Pakistan SA/PAK/63 Improving Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Services -

-

-

Pakistan Total 898

1,193

1,084

Regional SA/REG/35 Regional sanitation 248

307

269

Regional SA/REG/36 Public Utility Reform Options 17

-

-

Regional SA/REG/37 Regional review of Water Quality Management 1

69

72

Regional SA/REG/46 Strategic Communication and dissemination 152

177

304

Regional SA/REG/47 Regional knowledge sharing and exchange 111

192

146

Sout

h A

sia

Regional SA/REG/48 Reform Communications for Urban Water Supply & Sanitation sector in South Asia

44

65

75

Regional Total 573

810

866

Program Management, Administration/other 634

988

1,010

Program Management, Administration/other - Total 634

988

1,010

South Asia Total 6,219

8,863

7,853

Cambodia EA/CAM/58 Strengthening Domestic Private Sector Participation in Cambodia

60

222

123

Cambodia EA/CAM/59 Evaluation of CWP for domestic treatment 4

-

-

Cambodia EA/CAM/60 SMPP Capacity Building – Sanitation Marketing 113

191

117

Cambodia EA/CAM/68 Expanded water treatment technology verification 60

75

-

Cambodia EA/CAM/69 Country Sector Coordination and Advocacy 16

86

77

Eas

t Asi

a

Cambodia EA/CAM/79 Support to sub-regional SAWAP activities in Laos and Vietnam -

44

16

Cambodia Total 252

618

333

Indonesia EA/IND/28 Indonesia Country Project Management and Integration

41

42

43

Indonesia EA/IND/49 (1) WASPOLA 2 - Policy Implementation

488

306

300

Indonesia EA/IND/49 (1b)

WASPOLA 2 - Field Trial For National Asset Management -

145

190

Indonesia EA/IND/49 (2) WASPOLA 2 - Policy Reform

72

78

58

Eas

t Asi

a

Indonesia EA/IND/49 (3) WASPOLA 2 - Knowledge Management

414

437

173

35

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Indonesia EA/IND/49 (4) WASPOLA 2 - Project Management

227

225

290

Indonesia EA/IND/55 (1)

ISSDP - Developing an Effective Enabling Framework for Sanitation

571

843

900

Indonesia EA/IND/55 (2)

ISSDP - Develop a Coordinated Investment Framework

41

164

200

Indonesia EA/IND/55 (3a)

ISSDP - Stimulating sanitation demand through a targeted public awareness and marketing campaign

164

517

900

Indonesia EA/IND/55 (3b)

ISSDP - SUSEA Support for Increased Demand for Sanitation Public Awareness Creation as Support for ISSDP -

191

300

Indonesia EA/IND/55 (4a) ISSDP - Developing local level capacity

202

882

1,000

Indonesia EA/IND/55 (4b)

ISSDP - SUSEA Support for Solid Waste Management (SWM) and Drainage included as part of the City-wide strategies for Sanitation -

306

408

Indonesia EA/IND/55 (5&6)

ISSDP - City-level Investment Support for Neighborhood Sanitation Pilots and Priority Municipal Sanitation Actions

474

31

50

Indonesia EA/IND/77 Scaling Up Sanitation Coverage through Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing (TSSM)

175

781

646

Indonesia EA/IND/85 Indonesia Multi-Village Pooling (MVP) Project - 212

86

Indonesia EA/IND/90 PPP for Handwashing with Soap Coordination - -

Indonesia EA/IND/91 Supervision of WASAP D: Sanitation Pilots - -

Indonesia Total 2,869

5,160

5,543

Laos EA/LAO/47a

Developing Institutional Capacity to achieve the MDGs

228

155

70

Laos EA/LAO/47b Communications for Reform -

261 60

Laos EA/LAO/47c SAWAP Innovations - 292 57

Laos EA/LAO/47d Country Sector coordination and advocacy -

56

67

Laos EA/LAO/84

Promoting Inter-Country Linkages in WSS for the Mekong (SAWAP Sub-regional Activity (2) Practical Communications for WSS) -

86

18

Eas

t Asi

a

Laos EA/LAO/87 National Water Supply Governance Programme - -

Laos Total 228

850

272

Philippines EA/PHI/36 Philippines Project Management 29

36

47

Philippines EA/PHI/64 Support for Increasing the Access of Small Private and Public Utilities to Financing in the Philippines

120

397

311

Philippines EA/PHI/70 Program for Sustainable Sanitation in East Asia - Philippines Component

118

848

590

Philippines EA/PHI/71

Developing an Institutional Roadmap for Reforms in Second Generation Water Supply Services in the Philippines

11

33

45

Philippines EA/PHI/88 Registration of Water Utilities for Regulation - -

Philippines EA/PHI/89 Small Water Utilities Improvement and Financing Project - Phase 2 -

-

36

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Phillipines Total 278

1,314

994

Vietnam EA/VIE/50 Support to Development of a Unified Sanitation Strategy and Action Plan (U3SAP)

146

104

87

Vietnam EA/VIE/51 Support to Rural Water Supply & Sanitation Strategy Updating

37

45

31

Vietnam EA/VIE/53 Water Supply and Sanitation Capacity Building 73

45

37

Vietnam EA/VIE/66 Vietnam Handwashing Initiative 108

853

950

Vietnam EA/VIE/75 Promoting the Integration of Sanitation into Water Resources Management

16

54

34

Vietnam EA/VIE/78 Scaling up Handwashing Behavior change Vietnam 40

-

-

Vietnam EA/VIE/81 Support to Vietnam Partner Inputs to SAWAP Inter-Country Projects -

36

1

Vietnam EA/VIE/82 Vietnam Country Inputs to WSP-EAP Regional Support Programs -

37

92

Eas

t Asi

a

Vietnam EA/VIE/83 Vietnam Country Project Coordination, Facilitation and Networking -

49

37

Vietnam Total 420

1,223

1,269

Regional EA/REG/43

Regional Knowledge Building and Inter-country Support Mechanisms – Overview and Project development

367

-

Regional EA/REG/43 (1)

Regional Knowledge Building and Inter-country Support Mechanisms – Overview and Project development -

144

121

Regional EA/REG/43 (2)

Regional Knowledge Building and Inter-country Support Mechanisms – East Asia Ministerial Conference on Sanitation and Hygiene (EASAN) -

365

307

Regional EA/REG/43 (3)

Regional Knowledge Building and Inter-country Support Mechanisms - Economics of Sanitation Initiative (ESI) -

602

379

Regional EA/REG/44 Regional Program Development 66

-

-

Regional EA/REG/61 Regional Communications Strategy - Communications for Reform

141

164

151

Regional EA/REG/67 WSS Sector Financing Strategies to Achieve Regional MDGs

128

151

162

Regional EA/REG/67 (1)

Policy Implementation--Review of WSS Sector Financing in Indonesia -

114

137

Regional EA/REG/76 Mekong Sub-region Sanitation and Water Partnership Initiative

93

82

80

Regional EA/REG/76 (1)

Mobilizing the Domestic Private Sector for Water Supply and Sanitation -

31

30

Regional EA/REG/76 (2)

Support to Coordination of the Sanitation and Water Partnership for the Mekong Region -

108

47

Regional EA/REG/76 (3)

Support to Engagement with Yunnan and Guangxi Provinces of China -

40

29

Regional EA/REG/76 (4)

Expanding Water Treatment Technology Verification -

-

60

Regional EA/REG/76 (5) Sustainable urban Sanitation Management Models -

-

-

Eas

t Asi

a

Regional EA/REG/76 (6) Affordable sanitation options in difficult areas -

-

-

37

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Regional EA/REG/92 Regional Communications for Water and Sanitation Advocacy -

-

-

Regional Total

796

1,801

1,503

Program Management, Administration/other 844

642

373

Program Management, Administration/other - Total 844

642

373

East Asia Total 5,687

11,608

10,273

Bolivia LA/BOL/45 Small scale operators’ participat.inWSS Serv.in Bolivia

123

187

140

Bolivia LA/BOL/34 Support Rural and Periurban Sanitation in Bolivia 95

80

63

Lat

in A

mer

ica

Bolivia LA/BOL/57 Water Supply and Sanitation Peri Urban Strategy in Bolivia -

149

-

Bolivia Total 218

416

203

Central America LA/CAM/41 WSS MDG Strategy in Central America 189

234

253

Central America LA/HON/42 Support the Implementation of Sector Reform in Honduras

218

153

166

Central America LA/HON/62 Support Decentralization with focus on poor in Honduras -

-

-

Central America LA/NIC/47 Promot.of small scale operat.in WSS of Nicaragua - 160

118

Central America LA/NIC/58 Support WSS modernization in Nicaragua to reach the MDGs -

-

-

Central America LA/NIC/59 Promotion of sustainable sanitation in Nicaragua - -

-

Lat

in A

mer

ica

Central America LA/NIC/40 Sector support for policy reform in Nicaragua 125

126

100

Central America Total

533

673

638

Ecuador LA/ECU/35 Supp. Sust.WSS in rural areas/Ecuador 123

87

178

Ecuador Total 123

87

178

Peru LA/PER/25 Support Decentralization and Networking for RWSS in Peru

220

140

163

Peru LA/PER/26 Strengthening Mgmt of WSS Provision in Small Towns in Peru

542

184

172

Peru LA/PER/28 Supp.Sust.WSSS in Peri-Urban Areas of Lima 6

136

43

Peru LA/PER/30 Public Private Partnership to promote Handwashing in Peru

61

Canceled Canceled

Peru LA/PER/48 Promot.of SSO in WSS services in Peru - 160

57

Peru LA/PER/49 Alternative Pro-poor Sanitation Solutions in Peru (Sanitation as a Business)

134

210

191

Peru LA/PER/54 Strengthening Decentralization and Governance in the Water & Sanitation Sector of Peru -

935

358

Peru LA/PER/56 Scaling Up Handwashing Behavior 36

1,261

254

Lat

in A

mer

ica

Peru LA/PER/60 Peru Post earthquake planning - 403

-

Peru Total 999

3,429

1,238

38

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Regional LA/REG/36 Improving access to WSS for urban poor in seven cities of Latin America

22

-

-

Regional LA/REG/38 Exploring and Promoting Future Components of WSP-LAC Agenda

102

179

189

Regional LA/REG/39 Regional Communications Strategy 189

130

80

Regional LA/REG/46 Assessment DPSP in LAC 324

120

73

Regional LA/REG/47 Promotion of water and sanitation domestic private sector participation on a small scale in

149

-

-

Regional LA/REG/48 Promotioning of domestic private sector participation on a small scale in Peru

209

-

-

Regional LA/REG/50 Technical assistance for the improvement of WSS services in the Amazon Basin

105

-

-

Regional LA/REG/52 Scaling Up Handwashing Initiative in Latin America -

49

1

Lat

in A

mer

ica

Regional LA/REG/55 Promoting Sanitation in LAC - 405

399

Regional Total 1,100

883

741

Program Management, Administration/other 210

435

716

Program Management, Administration/other - Total 210

435

716

Latin America Total 3,183

5,923

3,713

Global Practice Teams GL/GPT/18

Linking Multiple Uses of Domestic Water to Poverty Reduction & Improved Sustainability

41

279

11

Global Practice Teams GL/GPT/19 Sanitation and Hygiene Global Practice Team

125

200

31

Global Practice Teams

GL/GPT/19b Sanitation Finance Policies Global Practice Team

30

162

72

Global Practice Teams

GL/GPT/19c Political Economy of Sanitation -

66

43

Global Practice Teams GL/GPT/20 Global Water Supply and Sanitation Finance

30

181

24

Global Practice Teams GL/GPT/22 Water and Sanitation Services for the Urban Poor

80

168

157

Global Practice Teams GL/GPT/23 Strategic Communications for Reforms

131

200

234

Glo

bal

Global Practice Teams GL/GPT/34 Handwashing GPT -

-

-

Global Practice Teams Total

438

1,256

572

Global Program GL/GLO/17 International Benchmarking Network (IBNET) 399

607

350

Global Program GL/GLO/24 WSP Global Communication 172

172

192

Global Program GL/GLO/25 Global Capacity-building: Sanitation, General, Urban

115

-

Global Program GL/GLO/28a Water and Health

34

-

-

Global Program GL/GLO/29 Domestic Private Sector Participation Initiative 122

410

624

Global Program GL/GLO/30 Development Marketplace 33

119

41

Global Program GL/GLO/35 Secretariat for the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing

147

108

78

Global Program GL/HWG/27 Scaling Up Handwashing Behavior

581

2,371

1,484

39

Reg

ion

BP grouping BP ref BP name FY2007 Disbursements

FY2008 Budget

FY2008 Disbursements

Global Program GL/SAN/26 Scaling Up Sanitation Coverage through Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing (TSSM)

475

1,790

960

Global Program Climate Change 10

-

Global Program Other miscellaneous project-related costs, including charges still to be posted

6

144

165

Global Program Total

2,096

5,721

3,894

Program Management, Administration/other 1,639

1,993

1,523

Glo

bal

Program Management, Administration/other - Total 1,639

1,993

1,523

Global Total 4,172

8,970

5,989

Total 28,226

48,423

39,007