Wastewater Quality

Monitoring Programme

Sampling, Analysis and

Session 2: Green Drop – Hints and Tips

Sampling, Analysis and Submission

Unathi Jack

Municipal Benchmarking Initiative

• WWQ Monitoring

�License/Permit conditions

�General Authorisation (GA)

o General limits

Introduction

o General limits

o Special limits

Monitoring Programmes:

• Operational

�Understand the effectiveness of the plant performance

Why do we need to monitor?

plant performance

• Compliance

�Receiving environment � river, sea, reused (for irrigation)

�Health – discharging/ irrigating

�Understand activities taking place at the receiving environment

Operational:

• Flows: inflow and outflow

�Inflow – how to adjust treatment processes.

- Understand at what capacity is the plant operating

Developing a Monitoring Programme

- Abstracting according to the applicable authorisation

�Outflow – ID if the quantity is according to applicable authorisation

�Detect if any significant water losses through out the process

�Assist in taking action if any significant losses identified

Ensure that both the inlet and

outlet flow meters are installed

Operational:

• Sample points

�Raw

�Each unit process

�Sludge (guidelines)

Developing a Monitoring Programme

Understand the sources of received

influent

�Sludge (guidelines)

�Industrial Effluent (by-laws)

�Irrigation effluent (if re-used for that)

• Determinants

�Specified in Authorisation

�WWQ received at different plants vary (contributors e.g. mines, industries, etc)

Operational

• Frequency

�Size of works

�Cost

Developing a Monitoring Programme

�Cost

�Sensitivity of receiving

environment

Compliance

• Sample points

�Outlet of the works

�Upstream (before the point of final effluent discharge

Developing a Monitoring Programme

effluent discharge

�Downstream(after the final effluent discharge point)

�Sea outfall

�Groundwater

�Soil monitoring – where contamination is possible

Developing a Monitoring Programme

Unlined/overflowing Ponds:

groundwater/soil monitoring to

be considered

Developing a Monitoring Programme

Trade Effluent monitoring to be

considered

Compliance

• Determinants

Developing a Monitoring Programme

Compliance

• Frequency – stated in the applicable Authorisation

Developing a Monitoring Programme

Compliance

• How to collect samples –

communicate with your lab

�Sample bottles

Developing a Monitoring Programme

Learn about the sample

collection requirements

�Taking a sample (e.g. do not rinse the bottle)

�Amount/volume of sample required

�How to preserve a sample

�Time allowed between sample collection and analysis

requirements

Grab samples -preferable

Analysis

• Analysis

Equipment/Laboratory

�SANAS Accredited laboratory

Analysis of WW Quality

Request a certificate

from the lab,

including analysis

methods�Inter-lab procedures

o ISO Accredited methods

o SABS Approved methods

o DWA approved methods

o Z scores

�Distance to the lab

methods

Analysis

• Results reporting

�Compare results with applicable standards

�Make results available to DWA monthly

Analysis of WW Quality

Develop a structured monitored

programme

�Make results available to DWA monthly

�Adjust process operation

Have your results analysed at a reliable lab

�Apply for a license from DWA

�Have a General Authorization

�Have operations and maintenance manual

Key Points

�Have operations and maintenance manual

�Have on-site analysis equipment

� Understand who your contributors are

�Develop and implement a monitoring programme

�Report results and take actions

WRC, SALGA, DWA, MILE, eThekwini,

municipalities & other role players

Acknowledgements

Thank You!!!