THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT FOR REDUCTION POLLUTION IN MUSI RIVER

THE PRESENTED ON THE SEMINAR “WATER POLLUTION MANAGEMENT FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, HELD IN PALEMBANG ON NOVEMBER 27,2007

M.Hatta Dahlan Staf Edukatif pada Jurusan Teknik Kimia

Tim Teknis Bapelda Propinsi Sumsel

INTRODUCTION -MUSI RIVER, THE BIGGEST AND THE LONGEST

RIVER IN THE SUMATERA , HAS BROADED SMALL RIVERS IN THE ISLAND.

-MUSI RIVER HAS DIVIDED PALEMBANG CITY INTO HULU AND ILIR SECTION.

-ALMOST 400 INDUSTRIES HAS BEEN SETTLED IN THE FLOWSIDE ON MUSI RIVER.

PROVINSI JAMBI

THE SOUTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

MARINE PORT OF TANJUNG API-API

BANDARA SMB II

PALEMBANG

PALEMBANG – TJ. API API = 68,8 Km

SUNGSANG WATER FRONT CITY

CALICK ISLAND

MUSI RIVER FLOW TO BANGKA OCEAN

SEBALIK CANAL

DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI DI SUMATERA SELATAN

Daerah Aliran

Sungai (DAS)

Luas (Ha) Ket

Musi 598.100 42 industri yg buang

limbah ke sungai

Komering 91.500

Lematang 85.000

Ogan 47.300

Banyuasin 35.000

Lakitan 21.200

Semanggus 16.000

Rawas 14.000

Rupit 13.900

Kelingi 11.800

Kikim 1.700

Neraca kualitas lingk.hidup daerah sumsel th.2000,

Bapedalda Propinsi Sumsel

THE MOST SOURCES OF LIQUID-WASTE FROM INDUSTRIES IN SOUTH SUMATERA

a) KILANG MINYAK (PETROCHEMICAL) b) KARET (CRUMB RUBBER) c) KELAPA SAWIT (CRUDE PALM OIL d) PUPUK UREA (FERTILIZER) e) INDUSTRI KAYU LAPIS f) PULP DAN KERTAS g) SODA KOSTIK h) TAPIOKA i) GULA TEBU j) KAYU DAN PENGGERGAJIAN (SAWMILL) k) RUMAH SAKIT (HOSPITAL) l) MINUMAN (SOFT DRINK) m) PRODUK MAKANAN DARI KACANG KEDELAI n) PERTAMBANGAN BATUBARA (COAL MINING) o) PLTU p) PRODUK MAKANAN(KOPI, MIE, DAN PERMEN) q) PASAR r) PEMOTONGAN HEWAN s) PAKAN TERNAK t) DOMESTIC WASTE u) RESTORAN/HOTEL v) RUMAH TANGGA w) FARMASI x) PENGOLAHAN IKAN/KERANG-KERANGAN y) PRODUK SEMEN z) POLYPROPYLENE

NO JENIS INDUSTRI JENIS LIMBAH PENGENDALIAN KET

1 Kilang Minyak Limbah cair;BOD,COD, Minyak dan lemak,

Phenol, Ammonia dan Sulfida, Limbah

setengah padat

Limbah cair, unit pemisah air

bekas limbah

padat,bioremediasi

2 Pupuk Urea Kondensat yg mengandung Ammonia,

nitrogen organik, urea,metanol,Blowdown dari

sistim pengolahan air, demineralisasi

Instalasi Pengolah Limbah Cair

(IPAL),daur ulang air

limbah,lumpur

aktif,aerasi,denitrifikasi

3 Karet Air sisa pemrosesan, sedikit latex yg tdk

menggumpal,bersifat asam pH 4.2 dan 6.3

Kolam limbah secara biologis,

sistim selokan oksidasi,

Deaerob ditambahkan dlm

;proses

4 Gula Air pendinngin pada kondensor, air proses pd

penghilangan warna,pencucian saringan

tekan, air cuci lantai dan alatr,BOD,TSS tinggi

Ekualisasi dan pengaturan pH,

air cuci dan gedung tebu hrs

diolah dalam penjernih, pemisah

minyak yg tertumpah mll

pemisah flotasi

5 Pulp dan Kertas Air buangan kadar BOD tinggi,padatan

tersuspensi rendah,air pencucian pulp stlh

pemasakan dan pemisahan secara

mekanis,kadar COD,jumlah zat padat terlarut

Pengelantngan dg oksigen,

pengelatantangan dengan

penukaran zat warna dg

pemutih

6 Ethanol Limbah cair berwrna coklat mengandung zat

organic 5.5%,BOD 40.000 mg/L,Padatan

terlarut 10%, Temp >80C, Unsur hara

1%N,0.2%P,1.5%Ca

Penanganan Limbah

Cair,pengolahan primer,

sekunder

THE TREATMENTS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER IN SOUTH SUMATERA

NO JENIS INDUSTRI JENIS LIMBAH PENGENDALIAN KET

7

Minyak Sawit COD,BOD,TSS, minyak dan lemak,

ammonia,Nitrogen, air pencucian alat

Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah

(IPAL) secara anaerob, aerob.

8 Kayu Lapis Pengulitan kayu,TSS, Phenoldan asam resin,

BOD

Pengolahan Limbah Cair

Pengolahan limbah padat

9 Tapioka Kegiatan pencucian dan pengupasan, padata

tersuspensi, kulit singkon, potongan singkon,

tanah

Proses pemisahan air bekas

cucian dan pengupasan

dipisahkan dari padatannya,

penghematan dlm penggunaan

air proses

10 Soda Kostik/Klorin Penghasil limbah sel merkuri, lumpur garam

yg mengandung tanah jarang (trace

metal),kondensasi, air cucian, bocoran dan

tumpahan yg mengandung asbes

Penanganan proses primer,

sekunder.

THE RECOVERY OF INDUSTIAL WASTEWATER IN SOUTH SUMATERA

THE TREATMENTS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER:

PHYSYCAL PROCESS CHEMICALLY PROCESS BIOLOGYCAL PROCESS INTERMEDIATE PROCESS

THE PHYSICAL PROCESS INCLUDED : REDUCTION OF TEMPERATURE FILTRATION EQUALITY SEDIMENTATION FLOTASION MIXED

THE CHEMICAL PROCESS INCLUDED:

COAGULATION

PRECIPITATION

Ph CONTROL

OXIDATION

DESINFECTION

THE BIOLOGYCAL PROCESS INCLUDED:

THE GROWTH SUSPENDED PROCESS

-ACTIVATED SLUDGED PROCESS

-SEQUENCHING BATCH REACTOR

-LAGOON

THE GROWTH OF BIOLOGYCAL ATTACHED

ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTACTOR

TRICKLING

THE TREATMENT WATER DISPOSAL

THE WATER THAT DISPOSED FROM INDUSTRIES IS DIVIDED

THREE STEPS:

THE PRIMER PROCESS

THE SECONDRY PROCESS

THE TERSIER PROCESS

THE PRIMER PROCESS

• FILTRATION

• SEDIMENTATION AND FILTRATION OF SMALL PARTICLE

• FILTRATE SEPARATION

TANGKI

PENGENDAPAN

TANGKI SEDIMENTASI KLORIN

AIR BUANGAN

PROSES PENANGANAN PRIMER TERHADAP AIR BUANGAN

THE SECONDARY PROCESS

FILTRATION TRIKEL

ACTIVATED SLUDGE

UDARA

TANGKI AERASI

AIR BUANGAN

THE TERSIER PROCESS

• THE SOLUBLE MATTER (ORGANIC AND UNORGANIC) WAS UNSEPARATE

• TERSIER PROCESS DONE BY MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY

MEMBRANE

AIR BUANGAN

TEKANAN DIBERIKAN

UTK MENDORONG

AIR BUANGAN

MELALUI MEMBRAN

AIR BERSIH

KOTORAN

OSMOSIS BERLAWANAN DALAM

PENANGANAN AIR BUANGAN

CONCLUSION

• THE WASTE TREATMENT SHOULD BE ORGANIZED BY THE INDUSTRIES IT’S SELF BY USING SEVERAL TREATMENT

• THE INDUSTRIES WHO IS NOT RESPONSIBLE WITH THEIR WASTE SHOULD BE PUNISHED BY GOVERNMENT (FOCUSED ON THE BUILD OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW)

THANK YOU