Waste Management in rural sector

7/29/2019 Waste Management in rural sector

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1.1 Village Location and Profile

Sr. No. Particulars Details

1 Village Name

2 Location

3 Land area and distribution4 Population 12000

5 No. of households 1880

6 No. of cattle 360

7 No. of Schools

8 No. of Hospitals

9 Banks

10 Drinking water facility Fresh water is supplied once in 15 days

through govt. pipe connections

11 Drainage facility 100% drainage faculty is available. No

proper maintenance12 Solid waste disposal method once in a week the waste is collected

from every household and dumped in a

common place- no proper treatment is

employed

13 Major Crops coconut, vegetables, corn, dhal,

sugarcane

14 Rainfall per annum

15 Sanitation 1400 / 1880 have toilet

16 Main occupation Textile mill work ( Labors)

1.2 Waste Generation: Present scenario

1.2.1 Solid waste

(a). Domestic Solid Waste

Unlike urban life style, domestic kitchen waste generated in villages is immediately used

as food for cattle. Rural people have mentality of reducing waste as far as possible.

Therefore, amount of kitchen waste is not huge like urban area. In addition, people hereare economically poor. Therefore, amount of domestic solid waste is comparatively little.

Other metallic/plastic/paper waste is segregated at source only and sold out to recyclers.

Generation of Solid waste in rural areas ranges between 50 gm/capita/day and 250

gm/capita/day as mentioned below:

Rural (Peri- urban or Urban Outgrowth) :150 to 250 gm/cap/day

Rural (Remote/Tribal) : 50 to 150 gm/cap/day


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(b) Livestock WasteThe village possesses a good number of cattle. According to Panchayat data, village has

360 numbers of cows. Taking 10 kg/animal/day dung amount as safe value, 2600kg/day

dung waste is generated.

(c) Agricultural wasteAgro-wastes are mainly generated at the time of harvesting and include agricultural

residues left in the field after harvesting/thrashing and the main stalk that is harvested

with the crop. The main crops of the village are Coconut, vegetable, corn, dhal and

sugarcane

(d) Bio medical waste

One primary health care centre and one maternity and child care centre are situated inside

the village. Waste generation from these centres is very low.

1.2.2 Domestic Liquid Waste:Almost all population is facilitated with regular water supply through tube wells. It is

estimated that about 75% to 80% water supplied through piped water supply scheme,

comes out as grey water. The village has piped network for water supply and has 100%

drainage facility.

1.2Current Waste Management Practices1.3.1 Solid Waste:

(a)Domestic Solid waste management: As such, no method exists for solid wastemanagement in the village. People dispose the waste on any open land. A common

place to dump the waste has automatically come in to existence; people staying

nearby the place use the same for dumping the waste.

(b)Live stock waste: It is generated at almost every household. People generallycollect and send them to nearby agricultural fields for soil conditioning and to use

as fertilizer. Sometimes some external agencies also buy the dung waste for

various purposes.

1.3.2 Liquid Waste:

Disposal of liquid waste is the most neglected aspect in village. Though there is 100%

drainage facility is available, there is no appropriate treatment system is provided. All

liquid wastes from households is discharged on nearby open land.

1.4 SanitationVillage has a fairly good sanitation system. Out of 1880 households, 1400 have sanitation

facility at home.


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Summery:

Table 1: Quantity of waste generation in the village

Sr. No. Type of

waste

Quantity/capita/

day

Total Quantity Present WM

practices1. Domestic

Solid Waste

100 gm/capita/day

Population: 12000

12000*100=

1200 Kg/day

food wastecattle feed

Others- Recycling,

selling to vendor,

dumping in open place

2. Cattle Dung 10 kg/capita/day

No. of cattle= 260

260*10=

2600 Kg/day

Unorganized practice

of dumping the dung

in fields

3. Agricultural

Waste

Not Available Not Available Dumping, transporting

the waste to nearby

city area4. Waste Water 100 lit/capita/day 100*12000=

1200 m3/day

No system exists, open

discharge

1.5 Proposed Waste Management Plan

1. Domestic solid waste, which is non biodegradable, shall be brought to materialrecovery centre. After sorting of waste in to several components like plastic,

paper, metal, glass etc., it shall be sold to vendors for recycling.

2. Cattle dung shall be collected meticulously and shall be brought to windrowcomposting units for making organic manure.

3. Agricultural waste shall be converted in to briquettes that can be used asalternative fuel.

4. For wastewater treatment, conventional sewage treatment plant shall be opted.1.6 Process flow for waste management

Waste

Management

Domestic

Solid WasteCattle Dung

Agricultural

Waste

Domestic

wastewater


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1.6.1 Domestic Solid Waste:

1.6.2 Cattle dung:

Formation of volunteer

teams

Garbage bags:

Procurement,

distribution andreplacement

Collection of waste

Biodegradable waste

Non Biodegradable

waste

Plastics

Metals

Others

Collection Centre

Incharge

Biodegradable waste send to Composting unit

PlasticsSell for making of rural

roads

MetalsSell for reuse to

vendors

Others Sell to vendors

Team: 1

Collection of Cattle Dung

Team: 2

Operation and maintainence of Compost sheds

Team: 3

Packaging of maure bags

Team : 4

Marketing and Selling


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1.6.3 Agricultural Waste:

1.6.4 Domestic Wastewater:

1.7 Costs and Benefits

Sr.

No

Unit/Sector Cost

Rate Quantity Fixed cost Maintenance/

yearly cost

Total

I Domesticwaste

1 Garbage

bags

6

Rs/No.

3 1800=

7200Nos

32400=00 32400=00

2 Collection

Trolleys

1500

Rs/

trolley

20 30000=00 30000=00

Team: 1

Identification of the spots generating

Agro waste

Team: 2

Collection of Agro waste

Team:3

Pre processing

Team: 4

Briquette making

Team: 5

Marketing and Selling

Influent

Raw sewagefromhouseholds

Primary

Treatment

EqualizationSadimentation

Flocculation

Secondary

Treatment

OxidationPonds

Tertiary

Treatment

As perrequirementof water reuse

Effluent

Discharge asper CPCBNorms


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3 Material

Recovery

Centers

Covered

Shed

30000=00 25000=00 75000=00

II CattleDung

Compostin

g

1 Collecting

devices

1500

Rs/trolle

y

10 15000=00 15000=00

2 Compostin

g Sheds

LS LS 1,00,000=00 10000=00 1,10,000=00

3 Gobar bank

Amount

0.35 Rs

/kg/day

252000=00 252000=00

4 Others

III Agricultur

al waste-

Briquette

making

1 Briquette

making

machines

8000 4 32000=00 32000=00

IV Domestic

wastewater1 STP :

primary

treatment

4000

Rs/

Sq m

300000=00 6000=00 306000=00

2 STP

secondary

treatment

4000

Rs/

Sq m

2200000=00 44000=00 2244000=00

Sr.

No.

Unit/Sector Benefits

Economical Environmental Social

Qty Total

Rs/year

Qty/year

I Domestic

waste-

Sorting

LS

100 Rs/house/year

180000=00 438 T solid

waste reduction

for land filling

Better health

with solid

waste


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management

II Cattle Dung

Composting

864 kg/day

5 Rs/kg for

200days(Assumption)

1080000=00 Soil enrichment

3456 Kg N

2592 Kg P

1728 Kg K

Financial

help with

selling of

cow dung

III Agriculturalwaste-

Briquette

making

10 t/day(conservativeassumption)

3000 Rs/t for 200

days 1.1t waste

produces 1 t of

briquette

545000=00 3300 T/yearCO2 emission

reduced

No need togo for

searching

wood for fuel

IV Domestic

wastewater

365 ML/year water

available for reuse

146000mg/l

BOD reduction

Health and

hygiene

1.8 Notes

1. Before execution, the pilot system should be adopted on a small scale that includes all

activities.

2. Wastewater treatment plant is expensive, so if the drainage line of the village can be

connected to main sewer line of nearby city, the option should be thought upon.

3. This document is prepared on preliminary data to get estimate and does not show the

exact cost.

Documents

Waste Management in rural sector