Washington unanimously selected as president by Electoral College, April 30, 1789

John Adams selected as Vice-President

Use of Mississippi RiverProtection of people’s rightsGovernment finances (DEBT)World Opinions

Organizes a Cabinet

1. Secretary of State – Thomas Jefferson2. Secretary of Treasury – Alexander Hamilton3. Secretary of War – Henry Knox4. Attorney General – Edmund Randolph

Judiciary Act of 1789

1. Passed by Congress, establishes Federal Court System

2. Supreme Court, Chief Justice (John Jay), 5 Associate justices

3. 13 District Courts and 3 Circuit Appeals Courts

Concession to the Anti-FederalistsSteered by James MadisonFirst Ten Amendments to the Constitution

added in 17919th and 10th deal specifically with the powers

of the government and the people9th - Unenumerated Rights – people have

rights that are not listed in the Constitution10th - powers not Delegated to the federal

Gov’t. are Reserved for the states

Goal – establish a sound financial base for the country, bind the wealthy to the new country

How – 1. Pay off all war debts at face value 2. Impose a Protective & Revenue

Tariff that will protect and promote American industry

3. Create a National Bank for tax deposits, supplier of sound currency and loans for business interests

Supported by Northern MerchantsOpposed by Southern Anti-Federalists led by

Thomas JeffersonCompromise – Debts will be paid off, the

capital will be built along the Potomac River (Assumption Bill) on land donated by Virginia & Maryland

Tariffs are lower than Hamilton wished, in place Congress will place an Excise Tax on Whiskey (Rebellion)

Jefferson – bank was not Constitutional, based on a word for word view of the Constitution or literal / strict construction, Amendment X, would favor the rich and wealthy interests

Hamilton – bank is “necessary and proper”, read between the lines or a loose/ broad construction view of the Constitution, Article I, Section VIII paragraph 18, bank will be depository of government funds, promote business through stable currency and loans, Bank is chartered in 1791 for 20 years

Political PartiesCabinet infighting between Jefferson &

Hamilton leads to countries first political parties

Belief that Hamilton’s plans are hurting states rights

Jefferson supporters are known as Democratic-Republicans, today’s Democrats

Hamilton supporters are known as Federalists, today’s Republicans

Read pages 192 to 198 stop at The Impact of the French Revolution…