219

was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    3

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice
Page 2: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

JokhaAlharthiistheauthoroftenworks,includingthreecollectionsofshortfiction,twochildren’sbooks,andthreenovelsinArabic.FluentinEnglish,shecompletedaPhDinClassicalArabicPoetryinEdinburgh,andteachesatSultanQaboosUniversityinMuscat.CelestialBodieswasshortlistedfortheSahikhZayedAwardforYoungWritersandher2016novelNarinjahwontheSultanQaboosAwardforculture,artandliterature.HershortstorieshavebeenpublishedinEnglish,German,Italian,KoreanandSerbian.

MarilynBoothholdstheKhalidbinAbdallahAlSaudChairfortheStudyoftheContemporaryArabWorld,OrientalInstituteandMagdalenCollege,OxfordUniversity.Inadditiontoheracademicpublications,shehastranslatedmanyworksoffictionfromtheArabic,mostrecentlyThePenguin’sSongandNoRoadtoParadise,bothbyLebanesenovelistHassanDaoud.

Page 3: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice
Page 4: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

FirstpublishedinGreatBritainbySandstonePressLtdDochcartyRoad

DingwallRoss-shireIV159UGScotland

www.sandstonepress.com

Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,

storedortransmittedinanyformwithouttheexpresswrittenpermissionofthepublisher.

Copyright©JokhaAlharthi2018

ThemoralrightofJokhaAlharthitoberecognisedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththe

Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988.

TheauthorandtranslatorgratefullyacknowledgethefinancialsupportofTheAnglo-OmaniSocietyforthistranslation.

ThepublisheracknowledgessubsidyfromCreativeScotlandtowardspublicationofthisvolume.

ISBN:978-1-912240-16-6ISBNe:978-1-912240-17-3

CoverdesignbyFreightDesignEbookcompilationbyIolaireTypographyLtd,Newtonmore

Page 5: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Contents

Translator'sIntroductionMayyaAbdallahLondonAbdallahAsmaQamar,theMoonAbdallahMotherhoodAbdallahZarifaAbdallahMasoudaAbdallahMayyaandLondonAbdallahHusbandsAbdallahKhawlaAbdallahViperAbdallahSalimaAzzanandQamar

Page 6: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

AbdallahZarifaAzzanandQamarAbdallahAsmaAbdallahAnkabutaAbdallahSalimaAbdallahAsmaSalimaAbdallahAzzanandQamarTheBridalprocessionAbdallahAzzanandQamarAbdallahLondonZarifaAsmaandKhalidAbdallahTheManintheDesertKhawlaAbdallahKhalidAsmaandtheMoonAbdallah'sMotherCousinMarwanSulaymanMasouda,stillhereAbdallahLondon

Page 7: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

KhawlaAbdallah

Page 8: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Tomymother

Page 9: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice
Page 10: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Translator'sIntroduction

CelestialBodiesisOmaninovelistandacademicJokhaAlharthi’sacclaimedsecondnovel,firstpublishedasSayyidatal-qamar(literaltranslation:‘LadiesoftheMoon’).ThebooktracesanOmanifamilyoverthreegenerations,shapedbytherapidsocialchangesandconsequentshiftsinoutlookthatOman’spopulacehaveexperiencedacrossthetwentiethcenturyandinparticularsinceOman’semergenceasanoil-richnationinthe1960s.OneofawaveofhistoricalnovelsthatconstitutesamajorsubgenreoffictionintheArabworld,thisworkisnarratedagainstacarefullyevokedhistoricalcanvas.AsthecriticMunir’Utaybahremarked,‘Acompleteworldofsocialrelations,practicesandcustomaryusagesiscollapsing,sendingthenovel’scharacterstotheveryedge,theborderbetweentwoworlds,oneofthemasuffocating,rigidyetnowfragileworldandtheotheronemysterious,ambiguous,fulloftensionsandanxiety,ofuneasysurveillanceandfearofwhatwillcome...Itisaprecariousedgebetweenoneeraandanother,theborderbetweentheworldofmastersandthatofslaves,betweentheworldsofhumanbeingsandofsupernaturaljinn,betweenlivingrealityandnightmare,betweengenuineloveandimaginedlove,betweenthesociety’sideaofapersonandaperson’ssenseofself.’*AttheheartofCelestialBodiesisanupper-classOmanifamilywhose

membersareexpectedtomaintaintraditionalwayswithonlyatentativeembraceofminimallymodifiedsocialbehaviour.But,tryingtocontroltheeffectsofsocialchange,thefamilycannotrepressanunspokenhistoryofunacceptableliaisonsandofmaster-slaverelations.Theimpactofastrongpatriarchalsystemonbothwomenandsubordinatemenisunsparingbutitshapesdifferentgenerations,andindividuals,distinctlyasitleadstobothsufferingandconfrontation.WefindapatriarchwhoseloveforaBedouinwomantearsaparthismaritalrelationship.Hiswife,

Page 11: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

adheringtothestricturesofpatriarchy,seeksherownkindofauthoritythroughdenialofhergranddaughter’schallengetoinheritedvaluesthroughanunacceptablelinkagetoamanoflowersocialstatus.Theolderwomanherselfhashadadifficultchildhoodinheruncle’shome.Threedaughtersexemplifydiversereactionstothesociety’snotionof

idealwomanhoodinatimeofrapidsocioeconomictransition.Theeldest,Mayya,prefersnottochallengeherfamilyandacquiescesinmarriagetothesonofarichmerchant.Theseconddaughter,Asma,seeksaneducation;shemarriesanartistbutonewhoisarelativeandthereforeacceptable.Theyoungest,Khawla,insistsonwaitingforhercousinwhohadtoldherrepeatedlyduringtheirchildhoodthatshewouldbehispartner.YethisemigrationtoCanadastymiesherhopes.Theyoungergeneration,followingaworldwidetrend,movefromthefamilyvillagetoMuscat,thecapital,andtheirlivesareequallyturbulent.Thenovel’sstructureisintricateandengaging.Alternatechaptersare

narratedbyanomniscientnarratorandonecharacter,Abdallah,thehusbandofMayya.Abdallah’sfatherhadbeennoordinarymerchant;hiswealthwasderivedfromaslavetradethathadcontinueddespiteitslegalsuppression.Abdallah’slifeisovershadowedbythemysteriousdeathofhismother;raisedbyhisfather’sslave,Zarifa–thematernalfigureinhislife–AbdallahseeksemotionalcontentmentwithMayya,buthisloveforherisnotreciprocated.Throughthistracingofintimatefamilyrelationships,AlharthitellsagrippingstorywhileofferinganallegoryofOman’scoming-of-age,andindeedofthedifficulttransitionsofsocietiesfacedwithnewopportunitiesandpressures.ThenovelhasbeenpraisedbycriticsacrosstheArabworldforitsfinenessofportraiture,itshistoricaldepthandsubtlety,anditsinnovativeliterarystructure.

MarilynBoothOrientalInstituteandMagdalenCollege,

UniversityofOxford

*Munir‘Utayba,‘Sayyidatal-qamar:Fitnatal-hakiwa-alamal-tadhakkur’(Sayyidatal-qamar:

Page 12: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

theallureofstorytelling,thepainofremembering),inhisFil-sirdal-tatbiqi:Qira’at‘arabiyya

wa-‘alamiyya(Onnarrationandcriticalpractice:ReadingsinArabicandworldliterature)

(Cairo:al-Hay’aal-‘ammali-qusural-thaqafa,2015).

Page 13: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Mayya

Mayya,foreverimmersedinherSingersewingmachine,seemedlosttotheoutsideworld.ThenMayyalostherselftolove:asilentpassion,butitsenttremorssurgingthroughherslightform,nightafternight,crestinginwavesoftearsandsighs.Theseweremomentswhenshetrulybelievedshewouldnotsurvivetheawfulforceofherlongingtoseehim.Herbodyprostrate,readyforthedawnprayers,shemadeawhispered

oath.BythegreatnessofGod–Iwantnothing,OLord,justtoseehim.Isolemnlypromiseyou,Lord,Idon’tevenwanthimtolookmyway...Ijustwanttoseehim.That’sallIwant.Hermotherhadn’tgiventhematterofloveanyparticularthought,

sinceitneverwouldhaveoccurredtoherthatpaleMayya,sosilentandstill,wouldthinkaboutanythinginthismundaneworldbeyondherthreadsandtheselvagesofherfabrics,orthatshewouldhearanythingotherthantheclatterofhersewingmachine.Mayyaseemedtohardlyshiftpositionthroughouttheday,orevenhalfwayintothenight,herformperchedquietlyonthenarrow,straight-backedwoodchairinfrontoftheblacksewingmachinewiththeimageofabutterflyonitsside.Shebarelyevenliftedherhead,unlesssheneededtolookasshegropedforherscissorsorfishedanotherspoolofthreadoutoftheplasticsewingbasketwhichalwayssatinhersmallwoodutilitychest.ButMayyaheardeverythingintheworldtherewastohear.Shenoticedthebrillianthueslifecouldhave,howevermotionlessherbodymightbe.HermotherwasgratefulthatMayya’sappetitewassomeagre(evenif,nowandthen,shefeltvestigesofguilt).Shehopedfervently,thoughshewouldneverhaveputherhopeintowords,thatoneofthesedayssomeonewouldcomealongwhorespectedMayya’stalentsasaseamstressasmuchashemightappreciateherabstemiousways.Thesomeonesheenvisionedwouldgive

Page 14: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Mayyaafineweddingprocessionafterwhichhewouldtakeherhomewithalldueceremonyandregard.Thatsomeonearrived.AsusualMayyawasseatedonthatnarrowchair,bentoverthesewing

machineatthefarendofthelongsittingroomthatopenedontothecompound’sprivatecourtyard.Hermotherwalkedovertoher,beaming.Shepressedherhandgentlyintoherdaughter’sshoulder.Mayya,mydear!ThesonofMerchantSulaymanhasaskedforyour

hand.SpasmsshotthroughMayya’sbody.Hermother’shandsuddenlyfelt

unbearablyheavyonhershoulderandherthroatwentdry.Shecouldn’tstopimagininghersewingthreadwindingitselfaroundhernecklikeahangman’snoose.Hermothersmiled.Ithoughtyouweretoooldbynowtoputonsucha

girlishshow!Youneedn’tactsobashful,Mayya.Andthatwasthat.Thesubjectwasclosedandnooneraiseditagain.

Mayya’smotherbusiedherselfassemblingtheweddingclothes,concoctingjusttherightblendsofincense,havingallthelargeseat-cushionsreupholstered,andgettingwordouttotheentirefamily.Mayya’ssisterskepttheirviewstothemselvesandherfatherleftthematterinhermother’shands.Afterall,thesewerehergirlsandmarriagewaswomen’sbusiness.Withoutlettingitbeknown,Mayyastoppedpraying.Insteadshewould

whisper,Lord,ImadeasacredoathinYourname,hervoicewaveringbetweensubmissiveandplaintive.IsworetoYouthatIwantednothing...nothingatall...Only,Isaid,Iwantedtoseehim.IpromisedYouIwouldn’tdoanythingwrong,Iwouldn’tsayawordaboutwhatIfeltdeepdown.ImadeavowandImadeittoYou.SowhydidYousendthisboy,thissonofMerchantSulayman,toourhouse?AreYoupunishingmefortheloveIfeel?ButIneverlethimknowIlovedhim.Ididn’tbreatheawordofittomysisters...Why,whydidYousendMrSulayman’ssontoourhouse?Mayya,youmeanyouwouldreallyleaveus?Khawlaaskedteasingly.

Page 15: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Mayyadidn’tanswer.Areyousureyou’rereadyforit?Asmaasked,chuckling.Justkeepin

mindtheBedouinwoman’sadvicetoherdaughter,thosewordstothebridewefoundinthatoldbookstuffedawayinthestoreroom,youknow,onthecupboardshelveswhereallthoseancientbookswereput.TheMustatraf.Itwasn’tintheMustatraf,saidMayya.Thisannoyedhersister.Whatdoyouknowaboutbooks,anyway?

Asmasnapped.Itwastoothere.Inal-Mustatraffikullfannmustazraf,thebookboundinredleather,theoneonthesecondshelf.TheNovelPartsintheElegantLivelyArts–youknowthebook.TheBedouinwomantellsthebridetouseplentyofwaterforwashing,andpilelotsofkohlontohereyelids,andtoalwayspayattentiontowhatthereistoeatanddrink.Yes,saidMayya,herfaceasseriousaseverandhervoicelow.Andthat

Ishouldlaughwheneverhelaughs,andifthereareanytearsrollingdownhischeeks,therehadbetterbesometearsrollingdownmine.Imustbecontentwithwhatevermakeshimhappyand—What’swrongwithyou,Mayya?Khawlabrokein.Thenomadwoman

didn’tsayallthat.Shejustmeantyou’dfeelhappyaslongashe’shappyandsadwhenheissad.SowhofeelsanysadnesswhenIamsad?Mayyawondered.Hervoice

wasbarelyaudiblenow,yetthewordsadnessrangout,discordant,tosettleuneasilyoverthesisters.WhenMayyasawAlibinKhallafhehadjustreturnedempty-handed

fromyearsofstudyinLondon.Itdidn’tmattertoMayyathathehadnodiploma:thesightofhimelectrifiedher.Hewassotallthatthefast-movingcloudsseemedtograzehishead,andsoverythinthatMayya’sfirstthoughtwasthatshemustprophimupwithherownbodyagainstthewindasitcarriedthosecloudsswiftlyaway.Hewasthepictureofnobility,shethought.Helookedso...sosaintly.Hecouldnotpossiblybeanordinaryhumanbeingwhowoulddropofftosleepafteralongday,whosebodygaveoffsweat.Someone,forinstance,whocouldbeeasily

Page 16: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

riledandshoutangrywordsatothers.Ipromiseyou,Lord,Ionlywantatinyglimpseofhim,onlyonemore

time.Thisismysolemnoath.Andshedidseehim,atthetimeofthedateharvest.Hewasleaningagainstapalmtree.Intheheat,hehadjerkedhisheadforwardtoshakeoffhiskummah,andnowthedelicatelyembroideredheadgearsatathisfeet.Thesightofhimbroughttears.Sheonlygotasfarasthetopofthenarrowcement-linedcanalbeforeshebrokeintosobs,hertearsflowingliketheirrigationwaterthatranoverthefalajasitcutapathbetweenthepalmtrees.Mayyafixedallherthoughtsonherbeloved’sspirit.Shemustered

everyatominherbeingandsentthelotmarchingintohis.Thensheheldherbreath.Herheartallbutstoppedbeatingunderthefiercenessofherconcentration.Mayyabentherwilltothetask,orientingherbeingtowardhis,facingit,determinedtofollowwhereveritmightgo.Shesentherspiritintotheether,detachingherselfcompletelyfromtheworld.Herbodyconvulsedandshecouldbarelykeepherselffromcollapsingasshetelegraphedherwholeselftohim,transmittingitwitheverygramofenergyshecouldfind.Thenshewaitedforasignal,someresponsefromhim,anysignatallthatwouldtellherthemessagehadgottenthrough,somewheredeepinside.Nosignarrived.Therewasnoresponse.Isweartoyou,Lord,Ijustwanttoseehim,upclose.Ineedtoseeat

leastthathe’sreal,thatthere’ssweatonhisforehead.Onlyoncemore.Withhishandpressedagainstthetreetrunk,hismouthworkingthepitoutofadate.Ipromiseyou,God,Iwillnottellanyoneaboutthisseainsideofmewhenthesiltrisestochokeme.Iswear,Lord,Idon’twantanyattentionfromhim–whoamI,afterall?Agirlwhodoesn’tknowanythingexcepthowtosew.Idon’tknowaboutbookslikeAsmadoesandI’mnotprettylikeKhawla.Iswear,Lord,Iwillwaitawholemonth,IcanstanditandI’llbepatientbutthenpleasewillYouletmeseehim?IpromiseIwon’tdropanythingIowetoYou,nottheprayersthatareourdutynortheextraoneswesometimesdo.Iwon’thaveanydreamsthatmightangerYou.Iswearit,Lord,Idonotwanttoeventouchtheskinof

Page 17: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

hishandorthehaironhishead.IswearIwon’tgiveanyofthisathought,notevenaboutwipingthesweatoffhisforeheadwhenheisstandingthere,underneaththepalmtree...Mayyacriedandcried,andwhenMerchantSulayman’ssonappeared

suddenlyattheirhousesheabandonedherprayers.Afterthewedding,shereturnedtopraying.Ithadallhappened

becauseofheroath,shetoldherself.Thiswasherrecompense.Allahknewthatshewasnottruthfulineverywordsheswore.Hewaspunishingherforhersin.When,afewmonthslater,shebecamepregnant,allshecouldhopewas

thatthebirthwouldbeaseasyashermother’schildbirthshadbeen.SherememberedhermothertalkingaboutMayya’sownbirth.Iwaschasingafterachickeninthecourtyardbecausemyunclehadshownupunexpectedlyintimeforthemiddaymeal.Suddenlymybodywasexploding.IthurtsomuchIcollapsed,rightthereinthecourtyard,andthenIcouldn’tmove.Yourfatherwentandgotthemidwife.Hertimehascome,Sabeekahsaidthemomentshesawme.Shehelpedmeinside–Icouldn’tdoanythingonmyown–andclosedthedoor,andmademestandup.Standonmyownfeet.Andthenshemademestretchbotharmshighenoughtoreachthatpolefixedintothewall,andIdidmybesttoholdon.Butmylegsstartedgivingout.ThenSabeekahshouted–mayGodbeforgivingtothatwoman!–Yaaybish-shoom!Shameonyou!WillShaykhMasoud’sdaughtergivebirthlyingdownbecauseshe’stooweaktostandtallandstraight?Forshame,girl!SoIstoodstraight,clingingtothepole,untilyouslippedoutofme,ya

Mayya,rightintomysirwal.Therewasroomenoughforyouinthosebaggytrousers!Youalmostdied,though.IfSabeekahhadn’tprisedmyhandsfromthepole,andthenifshehadn’tdraggedyouout!Youwould’vediedwiththatcordwrappedroundyourneck.AyywAllahi,Iwasn’tevencheckedbyadoctor,never–nocreatureeversawmybody,no,notme!ThesedaysyouallgotothehospitalsinMaskad,wherethoseIndianwomenandthosedaughtersoftheChristiansseeeveryinchofyou.AyywAllahiMayya,Ihadyou,andallyourbrothersandsisters,

Page 18: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

standingastallasagrandmare.Godbegoodtoyou,Sabeekah.ThereIwasholdingtighttothepolewithbothhands,andshewasshoutingatme,Yawaylik!IfIhearevenonelittlescreechyou’llbesorry!Everywomanbringsbabiesoutofherbody,andwhatascandalyouarethen,ifyousomuchaswhimper!Ascandal,andyouthedaughteroftheShaykh!Ididn’tsayoneword,Ididn’tcomplain.AnywayallIcould’vesaidwas,MyLordmyLordmyLord!Andtothinkthatthesedays,womenhavetheirbabieslyingflatontheirbacks,andthemencanheartheirscreamsfromtheotherendofthehospital.There’snolongeranyshameintheworld,ayywAllahi!Whenherbellywassoenormouslyroundthatshecouldnotsleep,

MayyasaidtoMerchantSulayman’sson,Listenhere.Iamnotgoingtohavethisbabyinthisplacewiththosemidwivescrowdingaroundme.IwantyoutotakemetoMaskad—Heinterruptedher.I’vetoldyouathousandtimes,thenameofthecity

isMuscat,notMaskad.Shewentonasifshehadn’theardhim.Iwanttohavethebabyinthe

SaadaHospital.You’dhavemychildslideoutrightintothehandsoftheChristians?Shedidn’tanswer.Whenherninthmonthcame,herhusbandtookher

tothehomeofhisuncleintheoldMuscatneighbourhoodofWadiAday.InwhatthemissionariescalledtheirFelicityHospital–theSaada–shehadherbaby,ascrawnyinfant.Agirl.Mayyaopenedhereyestoseeherdaughtercradledinhermother’s

arms.Shedroppedofftosleepandwhensheopenedhereyesagain,thegirlwassuckingatherbreast.WhenMerchantSulayman’ssoncametoseethenewborn,Mayyatoldhimshe’dnamedthebabygirlLondon.She’sexhausted,ofcourse,hethought.Shemusthavenoideawhat

she’ssaying.ThenextdayMayya,thebabygirl,andhermotherleftthehospitalforhisuncle’shome.Thebaby’snamewasLondon,shetoldhisrelatives.Thewifeofherhusband’sunclemadefreshchickenbroth,bakedherthespecialwafer-thinbreadknowntobegoodfornewmothers,andmadeherdrinkfenugreekwithhoneytostrengthenher

Page 19: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

body.ShehelpedMayyatowashherhandsandthensatdownnexttoherbed.Mayya,mydeargirl...Yes?Thewomanpattedhergently.Areyoustillsetongivingthebabysuch

anoddname?DoesanyonenametheirdaughterLondon?Thisisthenameofaplace,mydear,aplacethatisveryfaraway,inthelandoftheChristians.Weareallvery,verysurprised!Butnevermind,weknowyouareweakandfragilerightnow,you’vejusthadthebaby,ofcourseyou’renotyourselfandyouneedmoretime.Dothinkagainaboutagoodnameforthegirl.Callherafteryourmother.CallherSalima.Mayya’smotherwasintheroom,andshewasn’tpleased.Layshya

hibbatayni!Mydearwoman,whywouldyouwanttonameherformewhenI’mstillaliveandnowI’mblessedwithagrandchild?Isupposeyou’rereadyandwaitingformetodie?That’swhyyou’dlikethelittlegirltoinheritmyname?AsGod’scompensation.Ohdearme!Hastily,theuncle’swifetriedtorepairhererror.GodforbidIwould

everthinkthat!shebabbled.Lotsoffolksnametheirchildrenaftertheirparents,whentheirmotherandfatherarestillstrongandhealthy.Maynoeviltouchyou,Salima!Sothen.Let’ssee...well,nameherMaryam,orZaynab,orSafiya.AnynamebutthisLondon.DefiantlyMayyaheldthebabyupinfrontofher.What’swrongwith

London?There’sawomaninJaalaanTownwhosenameisLondon.Theuncle’swifewasrunningoutofpatience.Youknowverywellthat’s

notreallyhername!It’sjustanickname,somethingpeoplecallherbecauseherskinissopale.Andthisgirl,well,reallynow...Mayyaloweredthebabytoherlap.Shemaynothavelightskinlikethe

merchant’sfamilydoes,butshe’sstillthedaughterofthisfamily.AndhernameisLondon.Salimatookthingsintoherownhands.Itwastimeforherdaughter

andgranddaughtertoreturntothefamilyhomeinal-Awafi.Afterall,amothermustrecoverinherfamily’sembrace.Everynewmotherknewtheimportanceofthefortydaysfollowingchildbirth.Mayyawouldspend

Page 20: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

itinhermother’shome,underhermother’swatchfulcare.Listen,son,Salimasaidtoherdaughter’shusband.Abdallah,listen–

aboutyourwife,here.She’shadherfirstchildandit’sagirl.Girlsareablessing.Agirlhelpshermotherandraisesheryoungerbrothersandsisters.Whatweneedforthisnewmotherarefortylivechickensandabigjarofgoodpuremountainhoney.Plusapotofsamna,thebestcountrybutterchurnedstraightfromacow.WhenLondonisaweekoldI’llshaveherheadandyouwillmakeanoffering–asmuchsilverasthelittleone’shairweighs.It’llbeenoughtobuyasheep,you’llhaveitslaughteredandyou’llgiveoutthemeattothepoor.SalimapronouncedeveryletterinthenameLondonslowlyand

distinctly.Abdallah’sfacechangedexpressionbuthenodded.Hetookhissmallnewfamilyandhismother-in-lawbacktoal-Awafi,theirhometown.

Page 21: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Theairplanehurtledforward,pitchingintoheavyclouds.IcouldnotgetmyeyestocloseeventhoughIknewitwouldbehoursbeforewereachedFrankfurt.WhenwomenwerejuststartingtohavetheirbabiesinFelicityHospitalinMuscat,thoseblackSingersewingmachines–whicheveryonecalledFarrashasbecauseofthebutterflydesignstampedontheirsleekblacksides–hadnotyetreachedOman.SohowcoulditbethatMayyahadalreadybeensewingclothesonaFarrasha?Cometothinkofit,electricitywasonlyavailableinafewareas.Maybeitwasn’ttheFelicity,perhapstherewereotherhospitalsalreadyoperatingwhenLondonwasborn.Yes,ofcoursetherewereotherhospitals.TherewasMercyHospitalinMatrah,therewasatleastthatone,andperhapsalsotheNahdaHospitalinRuwi.So,whydidMayyainsistongivingbirthinthemissionaryhospital?Idon’tremember...Ican’ttieitalltogether,allthesethingsthathappened.Hermother,sayingtome,SlaughteracowforthesakeofLondon,andgivethemeataway.Bringustwentylivechickensforyourwife–shehassomerecoveringtodo.Shesaidpreciselytwenty,Iremember,andshesaidthewordtwentywithemphasis–thoughIwasgoingtobringherthirtychickens,andaeweaswell...Thentherewasmyuncle’swife,inthehouseinWadiAday,standingupinthecourtyardtoscoldmeatthetopofhervoice:London?Andyouagreedtothat?Don’tyouhaveanythingtosayaboutyourowndaughter’sname?Thatoldhouse...Idon’tknowiftheytorethathousedownorsoldit.

AftermyunclediedIonlysawthatauntofmineonceortwice.WhenLondongraduatedfromtheMedicalSchoolatSultanQaboosUniversity,shesaid,Papa,IwantaBMW.Andwhenwemovedtoournewhouse,MayyamovedtheFarrashaintothestorageroomthere.Whydidshestop

Page 22: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

sewing?Whendidshestop?AfterMuhammadcamealong,surely.Right,hewasbornthesameyearIinheritedFather’sbusinessandwemovedtoMuscat.Mayyawasveryhappyaboutthemove.Shedidn’twanttoremainunderhermother’scontrolfortherestofherlife,shesaid.AndwhenshehadMuhammadshestoppedsewing.IrememberMayyaputtingonanenormousfeasttocelebrateourmove

tothenewhouseinMuscat.Sheinvitedallofherfriendsandshehadtospreadoutaverylongtableclothtoholdallofthefood.Salimwasinelementaryschoolthen,andMuhammadseemedaperfectlyordinarynursingbaby.Mayyawashappyandsparklingthatnight.Afterthepartysheslippedonherdarkbluenightshirt.Doyouloveme,Mayya?Iaskedher,onceeveryoneelsewasasleep.

Shewasstartled,Icouldseethat.Shesaidnothingandthenshelaughed.Shelaughedoutloud,andthetoneofitirritatedme.WheredidyoupickuptheseTV-showwords?sheasked.Ormaybeit’sthesatellitedishoutthere.It’stheEgyptianfilms,havetheyeatenupyourmind?Muhammad,tryingtostanduponmyknees,andthentugginghardat

mybeard.Mayyaslappedhim,andhecried.Ineverdaredshaveoffmybearduntilaftermyfatherdied.Andwhentheystartedliteracyclasses,Mayyaenteredthesixthyearstraightaway,sinceshealreadyknewhowtoreadandwriteaswellashavingsomebasicmaths.Mayya,Isaidtoher,Muhammadisstilltiny.Gotoschoolwhenheisolder.IwanttolearnEnglish,shesaid.Thatwasbeforewegotthedishathome.Andsurely,whenIaskedmyquestion–Mayyawearingthedarkbluenightshirt–whenIaskedwhethershelovedme,thatdishhadn’tappearedyet,andIwasn’tfollowinganyTVprogrammesorwatchinganyEgyptianfilms...Then,myfather,decliningfast,intheNahdaHospital.WhenIstuck

myhandouttomeethis,heknockeditaway.WhenImarchedinhisfuneral,mykneesabandonedme.Muhammadwasonlyayearoldthen.AndwhenIaskedMayya,Doyouloveme?shelaughed.Shelaughed!

Loudenoughtoshattereverywallinthenewhouse.Herlaughter...thechildrenfledfromit.

Page 23: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

MayyaneverwatchedTVserials.SalimlovedtheMexicanserialsforatimebuteventuallytheyboredhimandhethrewhimselfintovideogamesinstead.EverytimewewenttoDubaiheboughttwoorthreegames.Mayya’smothersayingtome,Mayya’smydarlingdaughter.Abdallah,

myson,she’sinyourcarenow,andyoumusttakecareofher.Butdon’ttakeheraway,don’ttakeherfromme,awaytoMaskad.Nooneisbetteratthesewingmachinethansheis.Mayyadoesn’tliketoeatmuch,ortotalkmuch,youknow,Abdallah...Earlier,muchearlier:me,sayingtomyfather,Please,Father!Iwantto

gotoEgyptorIraq,Iwanttostudyatuniversitythere.Hegrabbedmebytheneckandbarkedatme.Bythisbeardofmine,IswearyouarenotleavingOman.Doyouwanttosinksolow?TocomebackfromEgyptorIraqwithyourbeardshavenoff?SmokinganddrinkingandIdon’tknowwhat?Isthatwhoyouwanttobe?Soinstead,immediatelyafterfinishinghighschoolIwenttoworkinhisbusiness.Itwasn’tuntilafterhediedthatIcouldmovethefamilytoMuscat.

LittleLondonwasverycuteandshehadfilledoutbythen.Inthevillage,everyafternoonMayyabathedherinthefalaj.Scamperingalongthecanalwithitsrunningwateralwaysmadeherlaugh.IboughtherHeinzbabyfoodandMilupababycerealsandpowderedformula.Shewastheonlychildinallofal-Awafiwhogotsuchthings.IboughtthematthecanteenandMayyaboastedofhavingthem.Butmyfatherstillshoutedatme,callingmeboy.Iwasthefatherofthreechildren,Iwasnoboy...Goingintoseehiminthere,andhewouldstartatitagain,strippingoffhisdishdashaandhisvest.Hissparsewhitechesthaircaughtthepalesunlightslinkingaroundthoseheavycurtainsclosedovertheonlywindow.Iwentovertoopenthembutheshookhisfingeratme:Iyyaaka,boy!Watchoutyoudon’t!SoIleftthemastheywere.Hewentonshouting,inoneofthoseboutsofravingthattookoverhismindformostofthetwoyearsbeforehisdeath.Boy!Boy!TieSanjarup,tiehimtothecolumnontheeastsideofthecourtyard,outthere,outinfrontofthehouse.Anyonewhogivesthatslavewaterorshadehastoanswertome.I

Page 24: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

kneltdownbesidehim.Father,thegovernmentfreedtheslavesalongtimeago,andthenSanjarwenttoKuwait.(EverysummerLondonwouldsay,Papa,let’svisitKuwait!ButMayyaalwaysrejectedtheidea:Sowe’regoingtogetawayfromthisheatbyescapingtosomewherehotter?)AnOmanimarriedSanjar’sdaughterandshecamebackwithhimtoliveinMuscat.WhenshesawmeintheNahdaHospital,wheresheworkedasanurse,sherecognisedme.Atthesightofmyfather,whowasveryillbythen,herlipscontorted.Myfathercallsout,weakly,hisfever-blacklipstrembling.Tieupthat

slave,tieupthatSanjarsohewon’tstealasackofonionseveragain.Iremainsilentandhewaveshiscaneatmeinfury.Boy,can’tyouhearme?ListentowhatI’mtellingyou–goandpunishhim,go,it’stheonlywayhewon’tstealanymore.Londonplayinginthewater,whichsheloved.Londonwassixwhen

Mayyachewedmeoutonetimeforleavinghertoplayinthemuddyflowofwaterfortwohours.Londonwillgetpolio,shewarnedme.Londonwillbeparalyzed.Icouldn’tsleepforseveralnights,andIcouldn’ttakemyeyesoffhertinyfeet.Butshedidn’tcometoanyharm.Shewentonscamperingaroundlikeaminiaturegazelle.Myfather’slipsturnedblack,hiseyebrowsreceded,andthespitflewin

alldirectionsfromhismouth.Boy–haveyoutiedthatthievingslaveSanjartotheeasterncolumnyet?Itookhishandandkisseditbuthepushedmeaway.Father,thegovernmentfreedalloftheslaves,andSanjar...thegovernment,Father.Hegrowledunderhisbreathasthoughhehadfinallyheardme.What’sthegovernmentgottodowithit?Sanjarismine,hedoesn’tbelongtothegovernment.Thegovernmentcan’tfreemyslaves.IboughthismamaZarifafortwentysilverthalers!Ifedher,whenasackofricecostahundredpuregoodsilvercoins.Yes,that’sright,ahundred.Onethalerknockingagainstthenext!Aah,Zarruf,sopretty...softandgentle,Zarruf,butthenyougotolder.Aah,thatonegrewvainandcocky!ImarriedherofftoHabibandthensheproducedthisthief.Whatdoesthegovernmenthavetodowithanyofthis?Myslave,mine.Howcouldhetravelanyway,withoutgettingpermission

Page 25: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

fromme?How,boy?Whenhebegantoshiverandquakeagain,thesweatrunningdownhis

neckandoozingacrosshischest,Iwipeditawaywiththebluetowelwhichwasalwayshangingonanailonthedoor.Afterhedied,thattowelofhisvanished.Goingintohisroom,cryinguncontrollably,knockingagainstthefloorandwrithinginmysweat,IwouldlookforthetowelbutIcouldneverfindit.TheFarrashasewingmachinevanishedtoo.InevergointothestoreroombutIknowMayyaishidingitsomewhereinthere.Mayyamakesgorgeousmeatsambusak.Ionlylikesambusakshaped

byherhands.Whenwemovedtothenewhouseshemadeahugeplatterofitalongwitheverythingelse.Mayya,Isaidtoher,Letthemaidhelpyoucook.Shewassilent.Afewmonthslater,sheinsistedonsendingthemaidbacktoherhometown,withoutanywarning.Butthatnighttheroomsmelledofperfume,andIcouldhalf-seeherbodythroughherdarkbluechemise,andIaskedher,Doyouloveme,Mayya?Andshewassilent.Andthenshelaughed.Laughed!Shelaughed.Iwasthetallestboyintheclass.Zarifatuggedthehemofmydishdasha

downashardasshecould.Iguessshethoughtmaybeitwouldlastawhilelongerifshekeptpullingitdown.Everytimesheyankedithardinback,thenecklineinfrontattackedandnearlychokedme.Howmuchdoyouhavethere,boy?theteacheraskedme.Ihadcarefullysavedmygiftfromtheholyday.AllIhadboughtwasasinglesweetdriedcoconutbar.Halfariyal,Isaid.Theteacherburstoutlaughing.Laughterlookssodisgustingsometimes.Whenpeoplelaugh,theylooklikemonkeys.Theirbelliesshakeandtheirnecksshudder,andworstofall,theiryellowteethdisplayallthedecay.Howoldareyou?Ten,ormaybetwelve.Theteacher,UstazMamduh,laughedagain.Youdon’tevenknowyourownage?You’reverybigforthefirstgrade!ButwhatcouldIdoaboutthat,whentheschooldidn’tevenopenuntilIwasalreadyhalfwaygrownup?Thepupilswereallmakingnoise.Theirdishdashasdidnotpressagainsttheirneckslikeminedid.UstazMamduh,theywhined,wedon’twantAbbuuudtositinfrontofus,he’stootall!Abdallah,you’retooootall!UstazMamduhtook

Page 26: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

myhandandaskedinawhisper,hisEgyptianaccentasbroadasever,Doyouhaveanyjelly-sweetsforme?Ishookmyhead.Tomorrow,bringsomeofthosejelly-sweetsyoufolksmakehere,tomorrow,hesaid.Athome,Zarifashoutedatme.Jelly-sweets?Justlikethat?Notapen,notanotebook,no,hesaidjelly-sweets?Habibhadabandonedherbythen,andSanjarwasalwaysfleeingthehouse.Shededicatedhertimetocookingandtome.Mayya–shewasalwayssobusy,atfirstwithsewingandthechildren,

andthenitwasschoolandherfriends,andthen,sleep.WhenIwaslittleIusedtosmellthefragranceofbrothonZarifawheneverIshovedmyheadintoherchest,tryingtogotosleep.UstazMamduhsaid,Abdallahknowshowtowritehisnameandhewillbemovedtogradethree.That’showIcametobeinthirdgradewithfourothers,allofwhomcouldwritetheirnamessuccessfullyontheblackboard.OrtheyhadbroughtchunksofdarkOmanijelly-sweetsfortheteacher.AsEgyptianashewas,UstazMamduhlovedtheOmanidelicacy.Thecloudsfoldup.Suddenlythroughthesmallairplanewindowthe

skyisclear.Abdallah,sonofMerchantSulayman,dozesoffforafewmoments.Ashewakesupheisstillhalf-talkinginhissleep.Don’thangmeupsidedowninthewell,don’t.Please,no!Don’t!

Page 27: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

London

Asthesuncameup,Salimasuddenlyfeltawarmsenseofcontentment,asthoughthesunwerebeamingitsraysdirectlyontoherheart.Shewasagrandmother.True,thisreddishlumpoffleshwiththeoddnamehadnoneofherbeauty;butafterall,thelumpwashergranddaughter,andonewayoranotheritmadeherproud.Shesweptthecourtyardandfresheneditupwithasprinklingofwateracrossthepacked-dirtsurface.Shedraggedtherolled-upredPersiancarpetfromthestoreroom,shookithardtoexpelthedust,andunrolleditalongthelengthofthereceptionroom.Inthemiddleroom,shetookdowntheelegantchinathatalwayssatinthehighdormer-likeaperturespunctuatingthethickplasterwall,andrubbedeachpiecetoashinebeforecarefullysettingthembackintotheirniches.ShespreadoutnewbeddingonthefloorforMayyaandthenewborn.Shedidn’tsummonclumsyKhawlatobake;shepreferredtodoitherself,forthebreadarecoveringnewmotherneededwasveryspecial.Shemixedtogetherthepurecountrybutterandmountainhoneytospreadonthebread,andafterallofthesepreparations,shemadecertainthatMayyaateeverylastbiteontheplateanddrankthemilkboiledwithfenugreektothelastdrop.Shemadecoffeelacedwithcardamomfortheoccasionandsetoutaplatteroffreshfruitanddates.Shearrangedtwobottlesofrosewaterandasmallcupofsaffrononagilttraywiththeincenseburner,andputthecoffee,platesandtrayofscentsintheroomreadyforvisitsfromherneighbours.Sheknewthewomenwouldsooncomeround.Shebathedherselfinwatersteepedinherspecialblendofherbs–sincethedayshewascreatedsoaphadnevertouchedherbody.Sheputonherbestrobeandkneltdownbesidehersilentdaughter.Suddenlyaloud,gruffvoicefilledtheentirecourtyard.Bismillahi...

masha’allah...allahummasallialan-nabi...allahummasallialal-

Page 28: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

habib...bismillahi...InthenameofGod,theOnewhoismercifulandcompassionate.Mayblindnessstriketheeyeoftheenviousone!Masha’allah,it’sGod’swill,thisisright!Thefirstone’sagirl,andagirlcomestoraiseherlittlebrothers.Tenboyswillfollowher,Godwilling.Bismillahi...allahumasallialan-nabi.PrayersbeontheblessedProphet!Atthisvoice,Salimagaveherdaughteralittlewarningslap.Don’teven

thinkaboutgettingyourselfup,notforjustanyone,girl!Notforher.It’sonlytheoldman’ssweetheart,that’sall.Zarifastrutteddownthelongroom,pausingdeliberatelyand

methodically,thenameofGodstreamingincessantlyfromhermouth.ShedughertoesenergeticallyintothePersiancarpettotestitsdepthandsoftness.Sheshovedasidethethin,almosttransparentcloththatprotectedthetrayoffruitanddates,andsizeditupwithaswiftglance.Shejiggledthetinysilverspooninthecuptoassureherselfthatitreallydidholdthick,solidthreadsofsaffron.Onlythendidshecontinueonherwaytowardsthemiddleroom.Welcome,Zarruuuuf,mutteredSalima,withnoattempttokeepthe

derisionfromhervoice.My,my,you’vecomesoearly!Ifonlyyouhadwaitedawhile,saytendaysorso.Nowyou’llhavetoexcuseme,mylegisgivingmetrouble,it’spainfulenoughthatIcan’tgetuptogreetyou.ZarifaheavedhermassivebodytotheflooratthefootofMayya’s

bedding.Shesuckedinaslowbreath.Relax,dearie,justkeepyourselfwhereyouareresting,milady!Anyway,whendidyouevergetupforZarruuf?Shetwistedthehugesilverringonherrightindexfingerandleanedintothematslightly.Howareyoudoing,Mayya?Goodgirl,you’resafeandsound,blessedwithagoodstrongbodyandthebaby,mygirl...I’msosorry,Icouldn’tcomeanyearlier,becausemyboySanjar,justnowhe’sgotanotherbabygirl.Mabrukeen,Salimasaid.Doublecongratulationsonyourblessed

addition!Wedidn’thearthenews.ZarifaleanedmoreheavilyovertherecumbentMayya.Onlyyesterday.

TheviperShannahadagirl,anotherdaughterforSanjar.Wehadourhandsfull.

Page 29: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

OppositeZarifa,Salima’sresponsewastobendcloseroverherdaughter.Andtoday?sheasked.Where’veyoubeensincedawn?Youcouldn’tcometoseeyourmaster’sdaughter?Butofcourse,wehavetoremembertheproverb-giver’swords:Thefeetwalkfastforthelovingheart’ssake,butwhenyoufeelnolonging,yourfeetdragandache.Zarifastretchedherselfoutandnarrowedhereyes.No,that’snotthe

rightproverb,habba!Listen,milady.Youknowperfectlywell,theoldbubberonlyeatsZarifa’sbread.Andtheproverb-makersays:Who’sfondofyou,lovehimback,whoshovesyouaway,shovehimback,whokeepshimselffromyou,givehimthesack.Well!Iseenoone’sbeenheretoseeyouyet,noonewhosecoffeewe’dbepouringoutrightnow.Handoverthelittlegirl,Mayya,I’llsaysomeprayersforher,makesomepleasupthere.Thelittlegirlwantstonurse,Salimainterjected.Zarifasmiledand

wiggledhershoulderslightly,likeadancer.Fisharegoodforher,youknow,they’llmakehermilkcome.Notsogoodwhenshe’sjustgivenbirth,Zarruuf,Salimasnapped.Zarrufguffawedandsangout,Theproverb-giversays:Givethesickwhattheyyearnfor,butit’sGodalonewillrestore.Butwhynotsomesaltedfish,sincedearAbdallahalreadybroughtherfortyhens?Shemusthaveherstrengthback!EventhatviperofSanjar’s–hebroughtheralivechickenoutofthegoodnessofhisheart,andhoneyandbuttertoo,andstillshedoesn’twantmetocookforher.Theproverb-spinnersays:Whentheass’sbellyisfulloffood,thenandtherehekicksyougood.She’sforgettingthosedayswhenshedidn’tevenhaveadishdashatocoverherbody,waybackbeforeshemarriedmyboy.Yaaynialayk,youpoorboy,mySanjar.Yourlucktookawrongturnwiththatviper!Getup,Mayya,situpnowandnursethegirl,mutteredSalima,

showingherdisgustwithherguest.Mayyastruggledintoasittingposition.Theviperwho’swithmyboynurseslyingdown,Zarifasangout.Likea

bitchdog.Won’tevensitup.AndshenamedthegirlRasha.Mywretchedsondidn’tsayaword–well,what’shegoingtosay?She’dbitetheboy’s

Page 30: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

fleshandpoisonhimifhesomuchassaidaword.InsteadofnamingthemHabibaorMaryamorFatima,theygivethemthesenames–Mervat,andRabab,andNaabaab,Shaaakaaab,Daaaadaaaab,ormaybe,whynot,She-who-gouges-out-Satan’s-eye?Whataworlditis!Andyou,Mayya,nowwhat’syourbabynamed?Mayyawasstaringintothebabygirl’sface,nestledatherbreast.London.Therewasasuddensilence.Zarifadroppedherhead.Thensheheaved

herimmensebodyoffthefloor.Mustgetmyselfmoving,shemuttered.Havetomakelunchforyou.Shegottoherfeetheavilyandheadedforthekitchen.Salimaletherbreathoutslowly.Shewasworriedthattheoilyhueof

thewallsinherewasdarkerandheavierthanitoughttobeforanewmother.Still,shepreferredtokeepherrecoveringdaughterinthisroombecauseitwaswarm,andguestswouldseetheshelvesmadebythelittlewall-openingsstackedwithfancyplates.Themandus,theold,elegantlyworkedwoodenchestwithitsbrassfittingsthatshe’dhadsinceherownwedding,addedsomegracetotheroomaswell,especiallysinceithadrecentlyacquiredafreshglossandanewlayerofgiltpaintonthefixings.AndtherewerethecushionsandthecarpetsembroideredandsewnwithIndiansilk.Salimawasalwaysverycarefulwithdécorandadornment,exceptwhenitcametoherownbody.Whenthevoiceofthemuezzin’swifesangout,askingpermissionto

comein,Salimahurriedovertotheopenendofthereceptionroomtomeether.AtthesamemomentZarifaemergedfromthekitchen,whichsatattheeasterncornerofthecourtyardinfrontofthehouse.Well,justlookthere!Salima’slegsareallbetternow,shecangetupafterall!shemutteredloudly.AsSalimaandthemuezzin’swifeweregreetingeachotherwith

obviouswarmth,Zarifa’sloudhoarsevoicesailedacrossthecourtyard.Theproverb-makersays:Morningorsunset,thebeloved’slovedever,butnowelcomefortheother,thoughproudandclever!Sheslappedherpalmacrossherthighanddisappearedbackintothekitchen.

Page 31: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Yearsagothemuezzin’swifehadcomeherefromthetownofSama’ildeepintheinterior.HerownnamewaslongforgottensincepeoplehadstartedcallinghersimplyMuezzin-Wife.SheandSalimalaunchedthemselvesintoaconversationthatmeanderedandbranchedoffintonewtales,becomingevermoreengrossing.Mayyastaredathernursingbaby,hergazesilentandneutral.Asmacameinandsatdownnexttothem.Listen,Mama!Youhaveto

makeupthismixtureforMayya,justlikethewriterofthisbookFruitfortheWayfarersaidtodoit.It’sgot—WithalaughSalimainterruptedher.Idon’tneedanyofyourmedicine

booksorthosefancydukhtoorsteachingmewhattomakeformydaughter.Ibroughtupfivelivinghealthysouls,Idid,andnoonehadtoteachmehowtodoit.Thosebookswillmakeyoureyespopoutifyoukeeponreadingthemallthetime.Comeon,timeforsomecoffee.Lookhere,Mayya,saidAsma.Modernmedicinehasestablishedthat

datesareverygoodforawomanwhohasjustgivenbirth,andthatwasrevealedintheQur’an,too,afterall,whenOurLadyMaryamshookthepalmtreeandthedatesfelldownonher,andallaround.ShewasinchildbirthandintheQur’anshewastold,‘ifyoushakethepalm-treetrunk,towardsyou,itwillbringyoufreshripedates.’Asmapronouncedthewordrutbanintheclassicalwaywithitsproper

grammaticalending,hopingtodazzleMuezzin-Wife.Buthermother’sfirmhandaroundherarmyankedherawayfromhersister.LeaveMayyaalone!She’lleatonherown,byherself,whenshewantsto.Why?askedAsma.Muezzin-Wifehadananswerreadyandsheintoned

ithalfunderherbreath.Becausesheisuncleaninside.Itisnotproperforpeopletoshareherfood.Itisnotpermittedtoeatfromthesameplatterasanuncleanwoman.Asmawasannoyed.Shewascertaintherewasahadithonthis.Shewas

convincedthatGod’sMessengerhadsaidorshownsomehow,inhisownlife,inwhathetoldothers,thatawomancouldeatanddrinkincompanynomatterwhathercondition.Butinthepresenceofthemuezzin’swifeshecouldnotsayanything,sincethewomanmightthinkshewas

Page 32: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

criticizingtheFaith.Zarifacameintopourtheircoffee.Shehadalwaysbeentheonly

womanofslaveoriginswhoatefromthesameplatteroffoodasthefreewomendid.Infact,she’dgivenherselfthisprivilege,imposingitontheladies.Butnoonehadeverobjected,orstartedanargumentwithheroverit.Nowshebegantossingchunksofthesweetoilydelicacythatmarkedspecialoccasionsintohermouth,lickingtheoilleftonherfingerswithobviouspleasure.Takeiteasyonyourself,Zarifa,Muezzin-Wifemuttered.Remember

aboutyourdiabetes.Yourbody–masha’allah!–Iwouldn’tsayit’sexactlyscrawny.Zarifacackled.Whatshouldscaremeaboutbeingsugar-sick?Death

comeswhenitcomes,miladydear.Noneedforustotortureourselvesoverit.Andmybody–masha’allah!–isjustfine.Maytheenviousonegoblind!Idon’tlistentowhatthosedukhtoorssay.Sukkari,theysay!Well,diabetesornodiabetes,Idon’tmindthem.Anyway,astheproverb-makersays:Thefleshofyouth?Oldagedevoursit!Sherefilledhercupandsipped,herbulgingfingersslippingaroundthecup.Muezzin-Wifesmiledthinly.SeekGod’sforgiveness,Zarifa!Theflesh

ofyouthisdevouredbyoldage?Howmucholder,Zarifa?MayGod’sforgivenessalwaysbethere,sincehumanshavesuchtallhopes!You’reatleastfiftynow.Zarifashrugged.So,what’sfifty,yahabba!Fiftyisthesummitof

youthfulness,Isay.Andmyson’sonlyjusthadachild.Ididn’tbecomeagrandmotherbeforeIwasevenforty,likesomefolksdo.Salimaactedasthoughshehadn’tbeenpayingattentionanddidn’t

understandthegistoftheremarkthatZarifahadflungherway.Shebusiedherselfeatingorangesections.Itdidnotbotherherthatshehadbecomeagrandmotherwhilestillinherearlyforties,andshemadealittleshowofherindifferencetoZarifa’scomments.ButMuezzin-Wifepersisted.True,Zarifa,wAllahi,youaren’treallyelderly,butyouwereintoomuchofahurryanyway.Youmarriedoffyourboysoyoung.Zarifasatupstraighter,swallowedthesweetandlookedthemuezzin’s

Page 33: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

wifestraightintheeye.Mercybe!shesaid.Ididn’trealiseShannawassuchaviper.Herfatherhadjustdied,andoneshowsmercytothedead.Herpoormiserablemother,Masouda,wentmad.Thegirlisarelative,Itoldmyself.There’saconnectionfromthewomb,Godforbidweabandonher.AndIaskyou,anyway,wasitbettertomarryoffSanjarortoleavehimtothemercyofallthosemenwhoknowexactlywhatthey’reafter?SalimagaveherasharplookandMuezzin-Wifeshookherheadhard.

SeekGod’sforgivenessforsuchtalk,sheexclaimedhastily.Morewomen’svoicescouldbeheard,askingleavetoenter.Salimagave

Asmaasign.Shegottoherfeetsluggishly.Asmawasnotatallconvincedthatshehadnoright,asanunmarriedgirl,tositwiththemarriedwomenandlistentotheirconversations,especiallysincethe‘experienceoflife’thatthiscustomoftheirstriedsohardtokeepfromherwassomethingshecouldobtaineasilyenoughfrombooks.Aah,thebooks!ThethoughtoftheenormouspleasureofbooksquickenedAsma’space.Itwasagoodmomenttoloseherselfintheirjoys.

Page 34: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

AsmuchasIhavetravelled,Istilllikegettingtheseatbythewindow.Iliketostaredownatonecityafteranother,dwindlingandthenvanishing.Papa,Londonsaidonce,youtravelanawfullot.Ididnotsaytoherthatwhenweareawayfromhome,innewandstrangeplaces,wegettoknowourselvesbetter.Andthatisexactlythewayitiswithlove.Londondoesnotknowmuchaboutstrangeplacesorbeingfarfromhomebutshecertainlyknowsaboutlove.Herstubbornenduranceunderhermother’sblowsalluredandpainedmeinequalmeasure,untilIcrackedthewhipmyselfandmarriedhertohim.Whatdoyoureallyknowaboutlove?shedemandedofhermother.

Fromtheveryfirstdayyouopenedyoureyesonlife,youneversawanyone,untilyousawmyfather.Howoldwereyouwhentheymarriedyoutohim?ShethoughtIwasoutofthehouseatthetimebutIwasthereandI

heardhersaythesethings.Mayyalaughed,buttherewassomethingalmostviolentinherlaughter.Hearingit,Iwasfrightened.Andthatwasall–shedidn’tactuallysayanything.Shedidnotsaythatshelovedme,hadeverlovedme.Shedidn’tsaythatatall.NowmyfatherisdyingandIamsuffocating.Thetubesgoingintohisbodysuckedthelifeoutofme.Hemumbled

thingsIcouldn’tmakeout,anditwasIwhocried,sittingtherenexttohisbeduntildaylightcame.MuhammadwasonlyayearoldandIwasthinkingofhim,too,asIsatatthebedsideofmydyingfather.Londonscreamedwhenshefoundouthehaddied,andMayyachidedher.Yourscreamsmakethedeadhurt,shetoldLondon.Ithadbeenalongtime–itwasyearsbefore–thatshehadsaidtome,Don’tyouseethatyoucarryyourrespectforyourfathertoofar?Iscoldedherforsayingsuchathing.

Page 35: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

UstazMamduhsaid:IcameasaservicetopatriotismandArabism.Londonsaid:IwantaBMW,itsuitsmystatusasadoctorandasthe

daughteroftheHouseofMerchantSulayman.WhydidLondonhavetomentionhertiesofbloodtohergrandfather?Salimsaid:IwantthenewPlayStation.Zarifasaid:Bestwemarryoffthisboybeforesomethinghappensthat

we’llreallyregret.Myauntsaid:GotoMuscatanddon’tworry,I’llseetothingsintheBig

House.MypartnerAbuSalihsaid:Thisdealiswatertight.TeacherBillsaid:Whydidn’tyoulearnEnglishwhenyouwerelittle?

Nowdoyourealisehowimportantitis?It’sthemostimportantlanguageintheworld.Themostimportantlanguageintheworld.Intheworld.Theworld.

Theworldisverybig.Verysmall.MypartnerAbuSalihsaid,We’refinishedwiththeoldwaysofcommerce.It’sallaboutadsthesedays.That’swhatmovesmindsandopenspockets.Pockets,pockets.Papa,Isaid,Iwantariyal.Andhelaughed.Awholeriyalforascruffy

ladlikeyou?Inmydays,weusedtohopemaybeonedaywe’dseeapennywithourowneyes.Onesinglelittlepenny!Iwrotehernameonthepalm-treetrunk.Iengraveditwithhotmetal

ontothegateoutatthefarms.Mayya.Thesmallworld.Thelargeworld.No,thanks,Idonotwantanyjuice.Iwantshay.Yes,tea.Moretea,please.Whyismyheadpounding?ThestockexchangecollapsedandMayyascreamedandmoaned,Youmeantosaywearen’tbuildingthenewhouseafterall?shewailed.Ourownthree-storeyhouse!WhatwasItodo?Itcollapsed.Thestockcollapsed.Mayyacollapsed,

Habibfled.Zarifasaidhewasraving.That’sall,raving.Ravingmad.Hefled.Myfatherwentmad.Hewasonthecuspofoldage.Hethreatened,hepromised,andthenheneverreturnedtothesubject.Zarifareturnedtoheroldhabits,freeingherselftotakecareofme.OnthedaymyfatherdecidedtomarryherofftoHabib,Zarifatipped

Page 36: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

thepaperhornofpepperintomymouthandpoureditalldown.Thenshegrabbedmyear,squeezedithard,andsaid,IfyoutellanyoneIdidthis,yourfatherwilltrussyouupandhangyouupsidedownfromthepalmtree.Ididn’thaveanyonetotell,anyway.Thepepperburntmythroatallthe

waydown.Idranklotsandlotsofwater,andwhennightcameIcouldnotfindZarifa.IcouldnotfindZarifa’sembracetohidemyselfin.MypartnerAbuSalihsaid:We’lltakeonthisdeal.Mycousinsaid:Buy

abuilding.Realestateisthesafestthinginthiscountry.Thiscountry.Everythinginthiscountrychangeswithastonishingspeed.Londonsaid:Idon’tlikethisal-Khuwayrneighbourhood.Papa,there’s

nowheretowalk.Don’texaggerate,London.Papa,allthesestreetsaredesignedforcars’feet,notpeople’sfeet.Thensheforgotallaboutit,oncesheandherfriendsstartedtoget

absorbedintheirnever-endingexpeditionsfromonemalltothenext,inhercar.Ilovethecapital!saidSalim.True,itisn’tDubai,butwecanfind

everythingwewanthere.Ididn’taskhimwhatexactlyitwasthathewanted.Muhammaddidn’tsaymuchatall.Notthen,andnoteverinhislife.

NeitherhenorSalimmademeashappyasLondondid.Whenshewasborntheworldcouldn’tcontainmeforhappiness.ShewasprettyandcuteandshelookedalotlikeMayya.Atthetime,ZarifasworethatshewouldnotenterSalima’shouse.Shewouldnotgointhereanddoherduty,pouringthecoffeeforallthewomenwhowouldcometovisit.Isaidtoher,Butthisnewbabyismydaughter,mine,andMayyaismywife.WhyareyouthinkingofSalima?Whatdoesshehavetodowiththis?ShesaidshecouldnotstandtoseeSalima,andshewouldnotdarkenthedoorintoSalima’shome.WhenMayyahadMuhammad,shesaid,Iwillnotgotomyfamily’s

housetorestup.I’mstayinghere.I’llhaveamaidtohelp.InthegraduationceremonyIwasgivenmysecondarydiploma.Iheld

Page 37: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

ontoittightly.Thatevening,Ishowedittomyfather.Iwasbreathinghard.Helaughed.Whyareyoupantinglikeadoginfrontofeveryone?Youwon’tgainanythingfromthatbitofpaper.Thisiswhatwillhelpyou,hesaid,andhepattedthepocketofhisdishdasha.Helaughed.Helaughed.Laughed!Icouldn’tfindanyonetoask.Noonewouldtellmehowshedied.

WhenIgotolderIaskedmyaunt.Itwasthebasilbushthatkilledher,shesaid.Atconferences,everysooftentheyplaceflowersalongthetables.But

neverbasil...Howcouldthisbe,Auntie?Howcouldabasilbushkillsomeone?Shewavedmyquestionaway.Zarifadespisedmyaunt.WhenmyfatherdiedandImovedtoMuscat

shewenttojoinhersonSanjarinKuwait.Howcouldmymotherdiebecauseofabasilplant,Zarifa?Idon’tknow.But–youknoweverything,Zarifa.Hooting,sheyankedmeclose.ClutchedtoherchestIcouldsmellher

sweat,mingledaseverwiththatchicken-brothscent.IamZarruuf,shesaid.That’sallIam.AndIneverknoweverything.Iknowhowtocook,Iknowhowtoeat,howtodance,andIknow—ShemadethekindofobscenegestureI’dbeguntonoticealot,frommen,fromwomen,assoonasthefuzzbegantoshowacrossmyupperlip.Yes,Ididstealmyfather’srifle.IwentwithZarifa’ssonSanjarandour

friendMarhuntohuntmagpies.Sanjarwarnedme,Ifyoudon’tgetholdofthatrifleyou’renotaman.Marhunadded,Andifyoudon’tcome,we’llroastyouinsteadofthemagpies.Anyway,oncewewereinthedeserttheyattackedmeandheldmedown.Theytriedtoforcemetosayit:Iamtheslave,IamAbdallahtheslaveofSanjarandMarhun.ButIdidn’tsaythat.Instead,Isaid,I’lltellZarifaeverything.Sothey

leftmealone.Buttheyatethemagpiesallbythemselves.IsworethatwhenIgrewupIwouldeatahundredmagpiesallbymyself.ButbythetimeIwasnearlygrownupitwasagainstthelawtohuntmagpies.

Page 38: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Mayyaneverplantedanybasil.Shelikedgrowingnativewildroses,sweet-smellingjasmineandalsotheotherkindofjasminethathasastrongandpiercingsmell,aswellasdaisiesandgreens,lemontreesandquincebushes.Thecourtyardwasvast,andshecommandeeredmostofitforgardening.OnceIaskedher,Whyaren’tyousewing,Mayya?Yousillyman,shesaid,youdon’tunderstandanything.WhyshouldIgoonsewingwhenthereareseamstresseseverywhereyouturn?Andtobehonest,I’mtiredofit.Butshegottiredofstudying,too,injustthesameway.ShelosthopeaboutlearningEnglishandstoppedgoingtoeveningclasses.WhenIsuggestedweenrolMuhammadintheHopeSchoolforspecial-needschildren,shecriedandcried.Thenshesaid,Mysonisjustlikealltheotherboys.He’llgotoschooljustlikehisbrotherandhiscousins.Muhammadwasnotlikealltheotherchildren,butshedidnotwanttoseethat.Sheneverplantedanybasil.Onenight–itwasaclear,quietnight–Iaskedherwhatshewouldthinkaboutmaybeplantingsomebasil?Itssmellbringsvipers!shesaid.Onthenightafterthemagpiehunt,Zarifadressedmywounds–whichwereprettybad–withsaltandturmeric.AllthewhileIbabbled,askingonesinglequestionoverandover.Howdidshedie,Zarifa?Howdidmymamadie?Zarifahadnotsaidawordallnight.Butnow,finally,shesaid,

Abdallah,myboy!Youknowwhattheproverb-makersays.Ignoranceisbliss.WhenKhawlabegandrivinghercar,Mayyasuddenlyinsistedon

learninghowtodrive.Butshefailedthetest.Thepolicewereprejudicedagainsther,sheannounced.TheywereinconspiracywithKhawla.Mayyawassureofthat.Khawlawasprettyandshehadstyle;therewasaneleganceaboutthewayshedidthings.IhiredadriverforMayyabutshethrewhimoutafterafewmonths.Mayya!Isaid.Whathaveyoudonenow!Butallshecouldsaywas,Yarajul,yarajul,chidingmeasthough,beingaman,Ijustdidn’tunderstand.AfterKhawla’sdivorce,whensheopenedabeautysaloninoneofMuscat’sfanciestneighbourhoods,Mayyatriedagaintogetalicence.Ididnotlistentomycousin.Ididnotbuyabuilding.Iboughtshares

Page 39: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

andthenthestockmarketcrashed.Therewasalotoffunnybusinessthatwentonbutthenewspaperswerequietaboutit.Theydidn’tevenprintanythingabouttherapeofHananandherschoolmatesinthesouth.Hananwasteachingatanelementaryschoolwayinthesouth,in

SalalahTown,neartheborderItwasthemiddleofthenightwhenLondonphonedus.Agangofteenagedboyshadassaultedtheteachers’dormitory,shesaid.Therehadbeenrapes.Hanan–shewasraped.Andpeopleweresilent.Whoboughtthisloudsilence?Londonnearlywentmad.ShestayedinthehospitalwithHanan,hergoodfriend,whohadhadanervousbreakdown.Istayednexttomyfatherinthehospital.Overandover,Imoistened

hisdrylipswithdropsofwater,andclosedhiseyes.AndthenIcried.ThoughIdidn’tshedasingletearinfrontofpeopleafterhisfuneral.Inmypressedwhitedishdasha,wearingmydaggerandtherequisitecolouredturban,Iremainedthere,athome,frommorningtosundown,theentirethreedays,shakinghandswithallofthemenwhocametooffercondolences.OverandoverImurmured,Al-baqaalillah.OurlivesareinGod’shands,theirlivesgooninours.Thewell-wishersatemeatandriceandwentaway.Intheevenings,Iclosedmyselfintohisroom.Somethingburnedinsideme,thoughIdidn’t,anddon’t,knowwhatitwas.Somethingwasconsumingme.Inthehospital,myfatherinacoma,Ipushedtheturbanbackfromthetopofmyforeheadandbroughtthescarsofmydeepwound,stillsovisible,ascloseasIcouldtohisopeneyes.ThenIpushedtherobeoffmyshoulderwhichstillcarriedtheharshmarksofknifebladesandroughpalm-fibreropes.Doyourememberthedayofthemagpies?Iwhisperedtohim.Hedid

notmove.Thehandthathadtiedmeupinpalmfibresandhadthrustmedownthewelltodangletherehead-firstforwhatseemedlikehours,myheadandbodycollidingagainsttheedgesofitsstonewalls,didnotmove.Iwhisperedagain,intohisear.Sanjarisalittleyoungerthanme,yes,likeyousaid.ButSanjardaredmetostealtherifle.Iwasgoingtoputitbackwhereitbelonged.Iwouldhaveputitback,butMarhuntoldonme.Hedidn’tmove.Iraisedmyvoice.Sanjarfled,youdidn’thitMarhun,

Page 40: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

andInearlydiedoffear,hangingupsidedowninthetotalblacknessofthewell,tiedupinpalmfibresandnoideawhenImightbeuntied.Thehandthathaddoneallofthatnolongermoved.Thehand

remainedthere,passive,fusedtothefeedingtubes,completelymotionless.Iseizedit.Imoveditalongthebumpytracesofmywounds.Ipressedithardintomyfleshandburstintohopeless,desperatetears.

Page 41: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Asma

Asmawentintothebigroomthatthegirlsshared.Remotefromtherestofthehouse,itwaslikeagrowththathadattacheditselftothefarcornerofthecourtyard.WhenMayyaandhersistershadreachedacertainage,theirmotherbegantoworry.Shewouldfeeleasieriftheycouldbekeptapartfromthemainbulkofthehouse.Shedidn’twantthemtorunintomalerelativeswhomightcomeintothemainreceptionroom.Afterall,menfromtheclancouldappearatanytime,comingtofulfilsomefamilyobligation.Sheaskedherhusbandtohavethisroominthecourtyardbuiltforthem.Asusual,Khawlawasscrunchedoverinfrontofhermirror,butshe

hadasmallandunfamiliarobjectinherhands.What’sthat,Khawla?Asmasquatteddownnexttohersister.Khawlawhisperedtheanswer.Lipstick!Asmagasped,tookitfromhersister’shand,andinspectedit.Bright

redinside,thelipstickwasconcealedbyitsawesomeshell,intheshapeofagoldenbird.Wheredidyougetthisthing?Asmaaskedhersister.Khawlasnatcheditawayfromher.IaskedMayyatobuyitformein

Muscatbeforeshewentintothehospitaltohavethebaby.Asmastaredatthefancygoldenbirdandmuttered,Butmymother...Khawlalookedherintheeye.Mymotherwon’tknowanythingaboutit

unless...Asmanoddedtoreassureherandmovedaway,turningtotheshelfwherethebookswerenowlinedup,aftertheirrescuefromthedampandrotinthestoreroom.Shepawedthroughthemuntilshefoundthevolumeboundinblueandreadthetitleoutinaloudvoice.Musnadal-Imamal-Rabi’binHabib.TheWell-SupportedPropheticTraditionsCompiledbytheImamal-Rabi’binHabib.Turningoverthedog-eared,disintegratingtitlepage,shereadtheunevenscrawlonthepagebeneath:

Page 42: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Theownerofthisbook,whobeseechesforGod’smercy,isMasoudbinHamidbinMuhammad,

ithavingcomeintomypossessionasagiftfrommyfriendandbrother,AlibinSalimbin

Muhammad.Iinscribethesewordsonthispage,withmyownhand,fleetinglymortalthoughit

maybe.

Asmadidnotlikehandwriting.Italwaysremindedherofthedaytheschoolhadopenedinal-Awafi,afewyearsback.Theschoolhadopenedbutgirlsolderthantenweren’tallowedin.Theywouldonlybeadmittedtothebasicadultliteracyclasses,andthosedidn’tevenbegintohappenuntilsometimelater.Asmahadheardthatsomeoftheladswhoshowedthemselvesabletowriteouttheirfirstnameswereallowedrightawayintothethirdgrade,whatevertheirrealagewas.Shehadn’tknownhowthatcouldhappen,sinceshewasnotthereonthefirstdayanyway.Shewasalreadytoooldtotryforit.Thenshewasenteredonthebooksfortheadultliteracyclasseseventhoughshewasn’tactuallyoldenoughforthose.Shehadbarelyreachedmiddleschoolwhentheycloseddowntheclasses.Theysaidthereweren’tenoughstudents.Inhersloppy,slopinghand,theteacherwroteontheblackboard:Classesarecancelledduetolackofnumbers.Asmawalkedoutoftheschool.Eversince,unevenhandwritinghadmadehersick.Insteadofpreservingthebeautyofyoureyesyoublindthemthrough

reading,Khawlaremarked.Asmaresponded,buthalfunderherbreath.Shutup,stupid!Eversinceyouleftschooltwoyearsagoyouhaven’tsomuchascrackedabook’scoveropen.HardlyeventheHolyBook!Ifitweren’tformymother’swhiphandinRamadanyouwouldneveropenitatall.Khawlashruggedscornfullyandturnedherback,gazingagainintoher

mirror.Asmaskippedthroughsomepagesandsuddenly,catchingaparticularpassage,shesmiled.Shereaditoutloud.

AbuHurayra,mayGodbepleasedwithhim,recited:WhentheMessengerofGod(mayGod’s

prayersandmercybeuponhim)waspraying,hesaidtohiswife,Aisha,handmemyrobe.She

Page 43: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

said,ButIamhavingmyperiod.Hesaid,Thatisn’tyourfaultanditdoesn’tmatter.

Iwassuretherewassomething,Asmabayed.Iknewit!ButMuezzin-Wife...AsmabeganrepeatingtheProphet’swordstoherselfuntilshehad

memorisedthepassage.ShewantedtotellhermotherandMayyaeveryword.Shegiggled,imaginingwhatatizzythiswouldsendMuezzin-Wifeinto–seeingthemalleatingtogether,intheknowledgethatchildbirthsandperiodsandwhathaveyoudidn’tsoilanyone.Shereturnedthebooktoitsplaceamongsttheothers–FruitfortheWayfarerwithitsordinarypaperboundcover,theMustatrafboundinredvelvetandprintedattheMahmudiyyaPressinCairo,thecollectionofpoetrybythefamousancientArabpoetAntarainitsleatherbindingandinsidetheold-fashionedlithographtypeandtheclosehandwrittencommentaryinthemargins.TherewasalsothebookcalledTheStoriesoftheProphets,asmallandwornvolumeprintedinCalcutta,aswellasalargetome,thepagesyellowed,whichwas,thetitlepageannounced,PartTwoofTheUniqueNecklacebythenobleImamShihabal-DinAhmad,AloneofhisAge,theEra’sSage,known(asitalsosaid)asIbn‘AbdRabbih,SonoftheServantofhisLord,fromAndalusia,oftheMalekiteSchoolofIslamicLaw,GodshowerHisbeneficenceonhimandlethimdwellinGod’sbroadestgreenparadise,Amen.Inthemargin(thetitlepagewentontosay)isinscribedthetextZahral-adabwa-thamaral-albabbyAbuIshaqIbrahimbinAli,hewhowasknownasal-HusariofQayrawan,oftheMalekitelegalSchoolofIslam,mayGodAlmightyblesshim.SometimesAsma’sfatheraskedhertoreadtohimfromthistome.She

founditdifficulttofollowthecrampedscript.Justastrying,Asmawouldfindherselfsuddenlyhavingtoawkwardlyshortencertainexpressionscontainingwordsshewasembarrassedtoreadoutloudinherfather’spresence.OnhershelfalsowasthestoryofTawaddudtheJariya,asmallbook

withafewpagesrippedout.YearslaterAsmawouldremembertwothingsaboutthisstory:theabsencecreatedbytherippedpages,andthe

Page 44: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

similecomparingTawuddudtheSlave-Girl’snecktothegracefulstemofasilverewer.Therewasalsotheblue-spinedbookcalledKalilaandDimna,the

fablessaidtohavebeenauthoredoriginallyinSanskritbytheIndianphilosopherBidpai,translatedintoPersian,andthentranslatedintoArabicbythescholarAbdallahIbnal-Muqaffa–adiminutivebooknotallerthanahandspan,lookingmorelikealittleschoolnotebook–printedatSadirPressinBeirutin1927.TherewasonepassagefromKalilathatAsmaparticularlylikedtoreadoutloudtoKhawla,foritslyricalbeauty,createdbytherepeatedaasandhaas,thefemininepossessivepronounattheendofsomanynouns.Qaalaal-ghuraab:za’amuuannaardanminaradi...Thecrowsaid:Theyclaimedthatafterthepassageofyears,landswheretheelephantsdweltwentdry.Thewatergrewscarce,thewellsdriedup,thevegetationwaskilledoff,thetreeswitheredawayandtheelephantsgrewverythirsty...TherewerealsosomebooksfurnishedbytheMinistryofHeritage.

Asmahadbegunreadingsomesectionsheaded‘OnMattersofPurity’buttheyweretooboringandshestopped.Theywereodd,too–theveryspecificinstructionsthatshecouldn’tfigureout,becausetheyappearedtomakenosense.Forexample,thatonemustdoone’sintimatebusinessonasoftsurfaceratherthanahardonesothatone’speesinksinratherthanricochetingandpossiblysoilingone’sbody.Yeteverybathroomshe’deverseenhadhardsurfaces.Anotherpointshehadfrettedoverwasthelegists’directiveonalwayswipingyourselfwithstonesbeforeyoucleanedyourselfwithwater.Nevermindthatpeopledidn’talwaysliveinthedesertnow!Thereweremanyothersuchinstructions,whichwereapparentlychangelesssincetheywereneverupdatedinthesetexts,eventhoughsomeofthesebooksofthejurisprudents’rulesthatAsmatriedtoreadhadbeenpublishedquiterecently.AsmaonlyglancedatthethinlittleEnglish-languagebooksMayyahadboughtfromTheFamilyBookstoreinMuscatbeforehermarriage.NoonecouldreadthembutMayyahaddoggedlypersistedinpickingthemupandevenleafingthroughthem.

Page 45: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Asshealwaysdid,beforeturningawayfromthebookshelfAsmariffledthroughthefewpagesremainingfromabookwhosetitleshedidnotknow.Shehadkeptitapartfromtheotherfragile,deterioratingbooksinthestoreroom.Inthesepagesshereadthattext,thoughshealreadyknewitbyheart,evenifshedidnotunderstanditatall.

SomeofthosewhofancythemselvesphilosophersclaimthatGod,MightyisHe,createdevery

soulintheshapeofaball.AndthenHespliteveryoneofthesespheresintotwo,and

apportionedtoeachandeveryhumanbodyonehalf.Itisdecreedthateachbodywillmeetthe

bodythatholdstheotherhalfofthatrentsoul.Betweenthetwoapassionarisesfromthat

ancientbond.Fromonehumanbeingtothenext,theeffectofthisunionwillvary,accordingto

thedelicacyofeachperson’snature.

Page 46: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Qamar,theMoon

Salima’shusbandwasreturningfromtheevening’sconvivialityatthenomads’settlementwhenhewasoverpoweredbyamadecstasy.ThesandunderAzzan’sfeetwasverysoft;hehadslippedoffhissandalstoenjoythequietcoolnessofthedesertsurface.Thefullmoonkepthimfriendlycompany,sendingfamiliarshadowsacrossthesandymounds.Fromafarappearedthelightsofal-Awafi,mutedandremote,asthoughthevillagewereafarawayworldhedidnotknow.He’dspenthalfthenightinstorytellingandconversationwithhisBedouinfriends–theusualsingingandlaughter,themusicofafluteandarebec.Azzanhaddecidedtoreturntoal-Awafionfoot,turningdowntheoffer

ofarideinanyofhisfriends’four-wheel-drivejeeps.ThehomesoftheBedouinscatteredbeneaththelipofthevastsanddunewerenotveryfarawayfromal-Awafi,butatnopointdidthetwosettlementsoverlap.Al-Awafiheldfasttotheimmobilestabilityofitsagriculturalroots.TheBedouin–despiteallappearancesofpermanence,havingsettledinonelocaleandreplacedtheircamelhairtentswithcementblockdwellings–scorned,evendespised,theveryideaofputtingdownroots.Theyreliedfirstandforemostonpasturingcamelsandsheep.Theyheldfasttotheirtraditionalloosegarmentsandtheirfree,untetherednatures,preservingtheimpermeableboundariesthatseparatedthemfromwhatwascalled‘thelifeofthesettled’.TheseeveningsessionsweretheonlythingthatcouldliftAzzanoutof

hisgloomanddepression.MinglingwithhisBedouinfriends,hecouldkeepthatheavycloudfromsettlingoverhisheart,fromconvincinghimthatstoriesandlaughterwerenothingbutthebanalandtrivialgamesofthisfleetinglowerworld,thisdenofsorrows.Whenhewaswiththem,amidstthesinging,thememoryofhistwodeadsonsnolongercaughtin

Page 47: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

histhroatlikealumpandhedidn’tfeelsoweigheddownbytheworldthatallhewantedwastovanishandleaveitsfalsepretencesbehind.Whenhewaswiththem,thenotionthatonecouldfeelsomejoyatthepleasuresofthisworldnolongerchurneduppangsofguiltfromdeepinsidehim.Hecouldenjoyhimselfwithoutthelurkingworrythatitwasallachimerahemustavoid;heneededtobeasalerttoitsdangersashewasonguardagainstthemostviciousoftraps.Ashewalkedoverthesands,herepeatedinhisheadsomeoftheverses

they’dsung,tryingtomatchhisstepstothebeatofthetune.Thefaceofhisnewborngranddaughterappearedtohim.Hewasonlyinhismid-fortiesbuthehadbecomeagrandfather!Suddenlyeager,hefeltanurgetoreachhomerightnow,togointothemiddleroomwherehewouldseehertinyface,asleep.Hesmiledtohimselfandwasonthepointofhummingatunewhenhewasstartledbythesightofahumanshadowbetweentherisesofsand.InthenameofGod!hemuttered,andtooktwoquickstepsback.Buttheshadowcametowardshimslowlyandwithoutanyflickerofhesitation.Who’sthere?Azzancalledout.Me.Hewasstartledtohearawoman’svoicecomingbacktohim.A

moment’ssilence,andatallwomanstoodclosebeforehim.Shepulledoffherburqu.Hefelthimselfsomehowgrowcalmer.Whoareyouandwhatdoyouwant?Thewomanmethisgazewithutterdirectness.Herpure,resolute

beautyandthesteadygleaminherlargeeyesdisconcertedhim.Herpiercinglysweetfragranceandthewayshestoodrightthere–soclosetohim!–wasevenmoredisturbing.Butitwasherwordsthattrulymadehimlosewhatwashisalreadyfragilesenseofcontrol.IamNajiya.IamQamar,theMoon.ItisyouIwant.Formanyyearstocomethesewordswouldreverberatethroughhis

head.IamNajiya,IamtheMoon,Qamar,anditisyouIwant.Azzanhadnotknownmanywomeninthecourseofhislife.Certainlyhehadneverknownawomanofsuchresolutionandvalour,awomancalled

Page 48: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

afterthemoonitself.Shedeservedanevengreaternamethanthat,hewouldmuse.Shewasmorebeautifulthananyimagehehadeverseenorwouldeverseeagaininthewholeofhislife.InthemoonlightshelookedlikeheimaginedanhouriofParadisemustlook,thosewomenofheavenabove,ofwhomGodhadgiventidingstoHisbelievingservants.Nowsheswayedtowardhim,asilentmovementthatspokeherresolve.Hegrippedhissandals,shovedthemtightlyunderhisarmandfled,runningasfastashecouldinthedirectionofal-Awafi,unabletothinkasinglethoughtaboutanythingatall.Najiyadidnotreturnhome.Shewenttoherfriend’s.Standingoutside

thewooddoorsheshouted.Khazina!Khaziiiiinaaa!Stillarrangingtheburquoverherface,herfriendcameout.Allwell,

Qamar?Comeon,saidNajiya.Comeandstayatmyplacetonight.TheywalkedforalongtimebeforeNajiya’shomecameintoview.My

brotheriscampedoutontheeasternsandbank,sowecansleepinside.Khazinadidn’tsayanythinguntiltheyhadsatdown,facetoface.Whathappened?Heranaway,herfriendansweredquietly.Khazinalaughedsohardshecrumpledflatontothefloor.Godforbid!

He’snoman!Heranaway?Hahaha!Heranawayfromyou,Qamar?Najiyadidnotlaugh.Shewaiteduntilherfriendstoppedshrieking.Iwanthim.Iwillhavehim.Khazinawipedthetearsfromhereyeswiththeedgeofherrobeand

tossedapieceofwoodontothefire.Qamar,thismandoesn’tseemmuchuse.Najiyastretchedherself.ButIwanthim.Andhewillcometome.

WhentheMoonlongsforsomething,theMoongetsherdesire.Khazinashookherhead.Sister,thismanismarriedtothedaughterof

ShaykhMasoud,andhe’stheshaykhoftheirwholeclan.Youthinkhewillleavehertomarryyou?Najiyalaughedthatfamous,ringinglaughofhersthatrevealedher

pearl-liketeeth.Shereallydoesdeservethatnickname,Khazinasaidto

Page 49: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

herself.She’stheMooninfull.Nowonderpeoplehaveallbutforgottenherrealname.SlowlyandelaboratelyNajiyaextendedherarmsoverandbehindher

head.WhosaidIwanttomarryhim?Qamardoesn’tletanyonegiveherorders.Iwasn’tcreatedtoserveandobeysomeman.Somefellowwhowouldstealwhatshouldbemineandkeepmefromseeingmybrotherandmygirlfriends!Onedaysaying,No,youcannotgoout,anothertimesaying,No,don’tevengetdressed,don’teventhinkaboutgoingout!Oneminutesaying,Comehere!andthenext,Goaway!No,no,Khazina–AzzanwillbeminebutIwon’tbehis.He’llcometomewhenIwanthim,andhe’llgoawaywhenIsayso.EversinceIsawhimthatevening,sittingwiththeothers,talkingandlaughing,IknewthismanwouldbeQamar’s.Andherunsaway?Heflees?Thatmanscamperedoff,likeIwasajinnitakinghimbysurprise,sohefled!Refuseme?Qamar?There’sneveryetbeenamancreatedwhocanrefuseme,Khazina.Azzanwillcometomeonhisknees.Insilencethefriendswatchedthefirediedownuntiltheyweredrowsy

enoughtofallasleep.Najiyalivedintworoomsopeningontoareceptionroomthat

overlookedthecourtyard,withalowwallthatwentonlyhalfwayuptotheroofing.Butwhenshewasgrowingup,homehadbeenatent.Herfathercouldn’thangontomoney.Shehadneverseenhermotherandsheneverbotheredaskingabouther.Shehadoneloveinthisworld–herlittlebrother.Thescarsonherbodywerethetracesofoldwoundspickedupinthefightsshe’dhaddefendinghimfromotherboys.Shewouldhurryhomeeverydayfromprimaryschooltoaskhimwhohadhurthimtoday.Stuffingheryellowschoolpinaforeinsideherloosetrousersshewouldgoandconfrontthem,inanotherdayoffights.BythetimetheladsstoppedbeatingherbrotherorcallinghimMental,shewasalreadyinmiddleschool.Thatwaswhenshebeganfiguringoutthatshehadn’tbeencreatedtositinahot,humidclassroomwithfiftyothergirlslisteningtostrangewordsaboutgrammarandnumbersandsciencefromdawnuntilthelate-afternooncalltoprayer.Shethoroughlydislikedthe

Page 50: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

whiteschoolshoestheyhadtowear,withtheplastickysolesthatturnedblackishafternomorethanaweek,andtheutterlyplaingreymiddle-schooluniformwhichwasalwayscrumpledanddampfromthehot,crowdedspace.ThestrangedialectsspokenbytheEgyptianandSudanesewomenwhotaughtthemmadeheruncomfortable,andshenevergotusedtotheideaofsittinginonelittleplacealldaylong.LeavingschoolsavedherfromhavingtoridestuffedintoapickuptruckwithtenotherBedouingirls,theirsmallbodiesvibrating,buffetedbythewindandstungbythesandparticlesitslappedacrossthem,foranhourormorebeforetheyreachedtheschoolbuilding.Herfatherwasoblivioustoanythingbuthisraucoussessions–men

grillingmeatanddrinking,andthezarexorcisms–andsoNajiyatookover.Shehandledallhisproperty.Shetendedhissheepandcamels,andinafewyearstheirnumbersdoubled.Shefedtheirthoroughbredshe-camelsdates,countrysamnaandhoney,andenteredthemintheracesuntilshesucceededinsellingonetoashaykhfromAbuDhabifortwentythousandriyals.Shehadtogetapassportforthecamel,whomshehadnamedGazelle,beforeshippingherofftoAbuDhabi.Whenthemoneycame,shereplacedthetentwithareinforcedconcretehouse.Sheboughtcarpetsandfancywoodentrousseau-chestsfromtheMatrahsouq.Sheopenlymockedherneighbours,whohadbuiltafulltwo-storeyhousebutstilldidtheirbusinessunderthedesertrush-bushesrightoutside,eventhoughtheirnewhousehadfivebathrooms.Najiyadidnotgiveintoherbrother’scondition,either.Shewouldnot

lethimstayidle.Shetrainedhimtotendthecamelsandsheep.Herfather’sdeathcameasarelief.Nowshecouldtrulyconsolidateherauthorityoverherlife,herpropertyandherfreedom.Asherdevelopingwomanhoodstartedtodrawattention,andwordofherbeautyspreadnearandfar,peoplebegancallingherQamarforshewasasradiantasthemoon.Makinglightofthesuitorswhoflockedtothehouse,shedevotedherselfcompletelytoherbrotherandtohergrowingwealth.Whenshesawtherightman,shetoldherself,shewouldknowhim–andshewouldtakehim.Sheselectedherfriendscarefully.Shesoldherdistinctive

Page 51: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Bedouinneedlework,andherhomebecameamagnetforvisitorsandarefugeforthoseinneed.Womanorman,Najiya’sacquaintancesheldherinrespectandalotofawe.Whenherbrothersuddenlydevelopedpolioandcouldn’tmove,she

closedupherhouse.Formonthsshelivedwithhiminthefarawayhospitalsofthegovernment,relyingonthewomenshehadbefriendedtotakecareofherflock.Timeaftertime,thehospitalauthoritiesexpelledherfromthemen’ssectionwhereherbrotherwaskept.Najiyasimplyrolledherselfupinherblanketandsleptinacorridor.Thedoctorstoldheropenly,aswellasbyinsinuation,thatherbrotherwasacongenital‘Mongoloid’.Nowhislegswouldneverworkagain,andsowhathopesdidshestillhaveforhim?Whenpeopleurgedhertolookforwardtohissalvationthroughdeathsheturnedherbackonthem.Whenshelosthopeinthehospitalsshecarriedhimhomeandshutthetwoofthemin,closingthedoorstoothers.Shetreatedhimherself,foralongtime,tryingeverythingthatexperiencedhealersprescribedandthentreatmentsshedevisedanew,concoctingvariousherbalmixtures.Sherubbedhislegswithhotoliveoilandcrushedcloves.Shetriedtogethimtostandupbyleaningonher.Shetookhisweightonherstrongbackanddraggedhislegsaroundtheroom,backandforth,tryingtogethimtowalk.Sheblendedcolocynthwithmakhyasaherbsandmadehimdrinkthebitterstuffeverymorning,wipingawayhissalivawithhersleeve.Shewouldneverallowthatlookoffutilityinhisslit-likeeyestodeflectherortodefuseherdetermination.Sheshutherearstoanyonewhomockedherattemptsandshevowedherlifetoherbrother.WhenNajiyabintSaidopenedthedoortoherhouseandslaughtereda

pairofcamelsforalmsgiving,herbrotherwaswalkingonhisowntwofeet.

Page 52: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Youkeepupthisauraoffriendlycarebutwhatareyoureallythinkingandfeeling,myhostessoftheair,asyouspendallyourwakingdayssuspendedbetweenskyandearth?Iwasjustlikeyou,hangingbetweentheheavensandtheearth,whenIsawherfirst.IsawheronthedayaftertheGreaterBairamFeast,inthemonthof

Pilgrimage.Myfatherwenttopayhisrespectstohermother,Salima,aswasthecustomduringtheimportantritualperiods,forshewasadistantrelativeofours.Iwasn’twithhimbutIunderstoodlaterthatheparticularlynoticedKhawla,theyoungestdaughter.Thenextmorninghesaidtome,IwantyoutogotoAzzan’shouseforme.IwasoverthereyesterdaytogivethefamilyourfeastdaygreetingsandIleftmywalkingstickthere.SomehowIknewthatmyfatherwouldnotforgethiswalkingstick

anywhere.Thatrodwasmouldedtohishandontheverydayhewascreated.What’smore,Ithought,hewouldnotsendmeofftoretrieveitwhenhecouldaskoneofhisretainerstogoandgetit.Asusualthough,Ididn’traisethesequestionswithhim.IwenttoAzzan’shome,andatthedoorIcalledout,askingpermissiontogoin,lettingthemknowIwasthere.Iwalkedacrossthewidecourtyardandenteredthebigroom.ButitseemsMayyahadn’trealisedIwascomingin,shehadn’theardanythingornoticedmyentrance,andsoshehadn’tbudged.Shewassittingatthefarendoftheroomonawoodenchair,tryingtothreadtheneedleonasewingmachine.ItwasablackFarrashaandshewasbentoverit,apale,delicate,mysteriouslyremotefigure.Icaughtaglimpseofherfaceandtheachetheretouchedtheagonyinsideme.Hershortnoseandhercheekbones,indeedherentireface,roseandfellwithherintenseconcentrationasshetriedtopokethethreadthroughtheneedleeye.She

Page 53: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

wasleaningsofaroverthemachinethatitallbutsupportedherentirebody.Hunchedoverit,herpalenessshoneoutinthedaylightandtheexpressionofpainacrosshersmallfacewasunbearable.Lookinghardatme–orperhapsscrutinizingmywanderinggaze–her

mothersaidtome,WhenIfindthewalkingstickIwillsenditover.ItriedhardtoconcentratemythoughtsonwhatphrasesshouldbeutteredinthesecircumstancesbutIcouldn’tfindtheappropriatewords.Salimalookedtomelikeawomanwhotookchargeofmatters.Shewas

stillknownaroundhereastheBrideoftheFalaj.Herskinwasverylightandherfiguretendedtofullness,accentuatedbyaroundface,clear,smoothskin,anaquilinenoseandpiercingeyes.ItwasimmediatelyobviousthatMayyadidnottakeafterheratall.Icastalastglancealongthelongroom.Icouldnotbelievehowmuchpainwascracklingthroughtheair,generatedsimplybyMayya’sbeingthere.Haloesoflightembracedthatpresence.IfIweretojustputmyhandout,Ifelt,Icouldtouchthosematchlesshaloeseversogently.ButSalima,everhermother,suggestedstrongly,ifindirectly,thatitwastimeformetogohome.SoIslunkout.IleftthehouseofAzzannotreallyunderstandingwhathadjusttaken

placeorwhatmightbeexpectedtohappennextorinthefuture.AfewyearsbeforethisIhadbeguntofieldallusionstomy‘flight’fromgirls.Iwasn’tfleeing,thatwasn’titatall.ButIfeltnosenseofparticipation,ofpresence,inanyofit.Theracyjokesthemaidstoldandthewaytheirhandswanderednowandthenontomybodydidn’tmakemefeelparticularlyloved,andIcertainlydidn’tfeelanydesireorfondnesstowardsthem.ShannachasedmebehindthelemontreesinthefarmwhenIwasbarelyfourteenandfellonmewithoutanyadvancewarning.Feelingdizzyandslightlysick,Ipushedheraway,spatteringherwithmudasIdidso.ShesworeupanddownthatIwouldpaythepriceforit.Onlyafewdayslater,Zarifawastryingtopushmeintohavingsexwithoneoranotherdaughteroftheslavefamiliesthathadlonginhabitedmyfather’shousehold.Theseforaysweresuddenandrude,andcompletelywithoutemotion.Mostofthesegirlswereeithertooafraidtosayno,or

Page 54: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

theywerebentonacquiringsomegifts.Thewholethingjustmademeturnmorestronglyinward.ItdroveZarifamad.ShehadcometoseemeandthestateshethoughtIwasinasaneasytargetformen’swaywarddesires,nottomentionthoseofboysolderthanme.Shewastryingtoprotectmewithwhateverwilesshehaduphersleeve,buthertrickswoundedmyyoungadolescence.WhenIsawMayya,Iwasbeyondallofthat.Iwasnineteenyearsold.

Evenso,Ididn’tunderstandwhathadjusthitmeonthatnight.Zarifadidunderstand.Irememberaparticularday,atdawn.I

rememberthefeelingoffullnessIhad–suchhappinessandpaintogether!Mayya’spalefacedistractedmeutterly,tookmefarawayfrommymundanedays,andfilledmelikenothingelsehadinmyshortexperienceoflife.Forthefirsttimeever,thatmorning,Ifoundmyselfpacingthroughourspacioushomewithitslargeroomsthathadaccumulatedovertime,onebuiltupagainstanother,andeachoneopeningoutontothenext.YetIfeltliketheplacewasn’tbigenoughforme.IfeltIwascarryingsomethingthatwasbothheavyandprecious,butatthesametimeIthoughtmightjustbeabletotakeoffandfly,becauseIfeltsoutterlylightinmyskin.Thenightbefore–onceImadecertainthatmyfatherwasasleep–I

hadsnuckouttotheeasterncourtyardtositundertheenormousacaciatreewhereIcouldgivemyselfuptothebeautifulwailingofSuwayd’soudandhiswelcomecompany.ThemoreIaskedSuwayd,Howdidyoudoit,howdidyougetthisoud?theharderhelaughed.Hey,thesamewayonegetsone’schildren,Shaykh–it’sallablessingandagiftfromAllah!Formypart,Suwayd’swordsseemedtoexpressperfectlymy

acquisitionofthelightthatbrokeupthedarknessofmydays,thatgentlefiercelight.Wasthiswhatpeoplecalledlove?Agift,liketheblessedlivelihoodsGodgrantstous.Now,Iwalkedoutofourhouse,awayfromitsornatelydecoratedreceptionrooms,andIbreathedinthebluedawn.Ipacedthelengthoftheeasterncourtyard,borderedbyarowoflemonandmangotreespunctuatedbyasinglewildnativerosebush.IfeltsuchayearningtosinginexactlythewaySuwaydhadsungthenightbefore

Page 55: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

butIcouldn’tregulatethequaveringrhythmsofmyvoice,soinsteadIfloatedinthefragrancesoflemonandrose.Somewhereoutherehadgrownthebasilbushthatmymotherhaduprooted,andsoithadkilledher;still,evennow,Icouldalmostsmellitsfragrance.WouldmymotherhavelikedMayya?Mightsheevenhavebeenfondofher?Orwouldshehaveexclaimed,asmyfatherwouldonalateroccasion,Oh,butIthoughthernamewasKhawla!No,Father,Isaidtohim.Khawlaisheryoungersister.Mayyaisthe

olderone.Theolderone?hemuttered.Youmeanthatskinnydarkone?Didn’t

youseeKhawla?Boy,what’shappenedtoyoureyesight,can’tyoutelltheprettysisterfromtheothers?Anyway,thisMayyayoutalkaboutisolderthanyou.IrememberAzzan,herfather,paradingheraroundonthefeastdayonce,andthelittlegirlwasalreadywalking.Andthat’swhenyourmotherwaspregnantwithyou.MyvoicewashoarseasItriedtoanswer.Onlyayearandeightmonths,

Papa!Hewavedhiscanearound,thecanehehadneveronceleftbehindatAzzan’shouse.AfewdayslaterIwrotealettertomyfather.Iopeneditinthe

customaryway:InthenameofGod...followedbytheusualstuff:Tomydear,esteemedandhonourablefather...andIroundeditoffwithmysignature:Yourservantandsonwhohumblyawaitsyourkindness,Abdallah.BynowIhaveforgottenexactlywhatthatlettersaid.Myaunt–hissister–mayhaveintercededonmybehalf,too,andIknowforcertainthatZarifaconfrontedhimwithmyinhibitionsandmyshamefacedattitudetogirlswhichinherviewwerecompletelyunwarranted.Afewdayslater,hesummonedmeintohispresence.HetoldmethathewouldbetrothMayyatomeandwouldpayheradowryoftwothousandriyals.Hewouldbuildanewsetofroomsontotheeasterncourtyard,withamodernbathroom.Iwouldliveinthisannexewithmybride.ThatdawnIwalkedbarefootacrossthepebbles,unawarethenthat

mostofthiscourtyardwoulddisappear,swallowedupbythepromisedmaritalabode.Ifollowedthelineofthetreesandturnedintothenarrow

Page 56: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

passagewaytothewesterncourtyardwhichwascarpetedinsandratherthansoftpebblesandseemedsmallerthanitseasterncounterpart.Inallofal-AwafiourswastheonlyhouseIhadeverseenthathadtwoopencourtyardssurroundingit,ontwoofitsfoursides.WasthatwhythetownspeoplehadnamedittheBigHouse?Iwondered.TheBigHouseistheplaceIinhabitwithmyfather,wheresometimes

wearevisitedbymyaunt–hissister–andwithus,inoneofitsmanyadded-onrooms,liveZarifaandSanjar,andHabibbeforehefled.Outsidethehouse,butnotfarawayfromit,inverysmallhutsliveSuwaydandhisbrotherZaatar,andZayd–beforehedrownedintheflashflood–withhiswifeMasoudaandtheirdaughterShanna,plusHafizaandhermotherSaadaandherthreedaughterswhosepaternallineageisnotknown.Allofthemslaves,oratleastsomehowmyfather’sinheritedproperty.TheBigHouse,spaciousasitwas,hardlyseemedtohaveanyempty

spaces.Guestsofvariousagesandoriginswerealwaysarrivingandoftentheystayedon.Abundledcordofwoodtothesideofthewesterncourtyardandthosehugeblackcookingpotssittingoutreadyforuse,wereafamiliarsight.ZarifaandHafizararelycookedinthehouse’ssmallinsidekitchen,fortheconstantmealsthathadtobepreparedforlargenumbersdemandedtheuseofcauldronstoobigforthatnarrowindoorcookingspace.Similarly,theritualslaughter,whichwasgenerallyundertakenbySuwaydandZaatar,tookplacehere:thecarcasseswerehungandskinnedinthewesterncourtyardsotheycouldbecookedimmediatelyoveranalready-litfireintheguest-kitchenwhereZarifabakedbreadtoo.Zarifasworetherewasnocomparisonbetweenmeatroastedover‘realfire’andmeatstewedinpots,whichshecalled‘gas-firemeat’.OnthatdawnIwaspackedtightlywiththoughts,hopesandworries,

andatthesametimeIfeltbuoyantandfestive.Eventhesootfromthecookingfirethatblackenedthewallsoftheoutsidekitchen–justthreewallsandroofingheldupbywoodstakes–Ididn’tfindugly.Everythingwasbeautiful:thesand,thepots,thearomaofthebakingflatbreadrising

Page 57: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

frominsidethekitchenandfloatingtowardthecourtyard.Iwentintothebareshelteroftheopenkitchen,doorlesstoallowmoreroomforthehugepots.IfoundZarifainthere,perchedontwoNidopowderedmilkcans,herbodyspillingoverthemasshebentoverthehotbakingbrick,poundingoutthedough,stretchingitacrossthesurfaceandsecondslaterdraggingitbackupoffthebrickwithwondrousskill.Shedidn’teventurnaroundasshesaid,Goodmorning,Abdallah,myboy.OrshouldIsay,Yahababi,Milord,sinceitseemsyou’vebecomequitethebigmannow!Zarifaknew,then.Ididn’tsayanything.HadsheseenMayya’sname

scratchedontothetreetrunksandscrawledacrossthepagesinmynotebooks?ButZarifacouldn’tread!Howdidyouknow,Zarifa?Shecackled,thesoundloudinthatquietearlymorning.Sonny,asthe

proverb-makersays:Ahumanhandspreadwidecan’tblockthesunoutside.SoIgotmarried,yousee,mykindandpleasantairhostess,whose

artificialsmilemakesmefeelsuchpityforyou.IdislikefakesmilesasstronglyasIdolaughter.Mayya–that’smywife,mydearhostess–didnotlaughonherweddingday.Shedidn’tevensmile.

Page 58: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Motherhood

Justbeforedawn,Mayyawassittinguponherbedding,thenursingbabyinherlap.Hernewborndaughterhadfinallystoppedwailinganddroppedofftosleep.Mayyatippedhertiredachingheadbackagainstthewall.Shesensed,morethanshesaw,thedark,shinyoilyblue-greencolouronthewalls,givingoffahardlightthathurthereyes.Closingthem,shecouldseethematernitywingattheSaadaHospital,thesaltandoilplacedonthenewborn’sbellybutton,thewifeofAbdallah’suncleinWadiAday.Thewomenvisitingeverymorning,afternoon,andevening,freshchickenbroth,Zarifa’ssalivaassheblewintothefaceofthebabygirlandrepeatedhalf-intelligiblesupplicationstotheDivineforherprotection,thatenormoussilverringZarifawore,thewhiteswaddling,thenewborn’stinyredtongueandherfingernailswhichwerenotallowedtobeclippedlestshebecomeathiefinherfuturelife.Mayyaopenedhereyesandstudiedherdaughter.Herbodywas

scrawnierthanthebodiesofmostnewbornsandherscreamwasparticularlysharp.Mayyapassedherhandoverthebaby’sthinlayerofblackhair.Shecouldnotsuppresstheincredulityshefelt.Sothisismotherhoodthen?Everyday,Asmawouldaskher,Sowhatdoesitfeellike,motherhood?

Isitthegreatestfeelingintheworld?Mayyawouldn’tanswer.Allshefeltwasexhaustion,painsinherbackandbelly,andanurgentneedtobathe.Heritchyscalp,whichmadeherwanttoconstantlyrubherfingersintoherhair,wassimplynolongerbearable.Finallyhermotherpermittedhertohaveaquickbathbutonlyonconditionthatthewaterdidn’ttouchherhair.Afterall,coldsstalkedbrand-newmothers,Salimawouldremindher.Andiftheirhuntwassuccessful,well,weallknowthatfeverisfataltonewmothers...Meanwhile,tiresomeAsmawentonaskingabout

Page 59: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

motherhoodandwhatshecalledthewarmintimacyofnursing!Butallthatnursingmeant,asfarasMayyacouldsee,wasnosleepallnightlongandaconstantstrugglewiththebabytogethertoopenhermouth,nottomentionthebackpainshehadaftersittinginthesamepositionforsomanyhours.Mayyadidn’tsayanyofthistoAsma,though.Listeningtohersisterkeptheroccupied,andshedidn’thavetosayanythingaslongasAsmawaschatteringon.Mayyaconsideredsilencetobethegreatestofhumanacts,thesumof

perfection.Whenyouwereutterlyquietandstillyouwerelikeliesttohearaccuratelywhatothersweresaying.AndwheneverMayyafeltboredwiththeirwordsshelistenedtoherselfinthebubbleofsilenceshehadcreatedaroundher.Ifshesaidnothing,thennothingcouldcauseherpain.Mostofthetime,shehadnothingtosay.Andthereweremomentswhenshemighthavesomethingtosaybutknewshedidn’twanttospeak.Themuezzin’swifeapprovedandevenpronouncedablessingoverMayya’ssilence.OntheDayofJudgementitwillbeknownthatyourtonguehascreatednocomplaintagainstyou.Oncethischildofherswasmucholder,afterSalimandMuhammad

hadarrivedintheworldaswell,Mayyamadeanotherdiscovery:sleep.Sleep!Shewouldsleepandsleep,andaslongasshestayedasleepnothingcouldharmher.Shecametorealisethatsleepwasanevengreatermiraclethansilence,sincewhenshesleptshedidnotevenhavetohearwhatothersweresaying.Asleep,shewouldnotbespeaking,norwouldothersspeaktoher.Inhersleepshesawnothing,notevendreams.Enteringtherealmofsleepmeantcomingintoaplaceofnoresponsibilitieswhereshefeltnothing,andthethingsshehadanxiouslyneededtoholdontowhileawakefellaway.TherepeatednervoustwitchesofMuhammad’shands;thesoundsofmortalcombatandtinnyshoutsofvictoryinthevideogame;London’swhitecoat,sobigitaccentuatedherextremethinness;thelouddripandsplatofwaterdropsfromthetapontothedirtydishesandutensilspiledupinthesink;theIndonesianservant’sdubioushandgestures;thesurreptitiousstaresofthedriverlookingatherinthecar’sfrontmirror;Abdallah’sunending

Page 60: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

dialogueswithLondonandhisquarrelswithSalim.Whensheslept,shefellintoacomfortablevoidwhichsentherdownwardssoftlyandgraduallytowheretherewasnolongeranything.Bestofallwasthatnodreamspassedacrosshervision–nonightmares,noimages,novoices,nothing.Shesavouredherenjoyablecoma,aplaceshecouldgowhereshehadnothingtoconfront.Sleepwasheronlyparadise.Itwasherultimateweaponagainstthepoundinganxietyofherexistence.Now,sittinguponherbedding,Mayyaheardthemuezzin’svoice.She

founditcomfortinginthedawnsilence.Lifeappearedtohersharplydividedintwoparts,likenightandday:whatwelive,andwhatlivesinsideofus.Shedozedoff,wakinguptothesoundofherfatheropeningthedoor,havingjustreturnedfromthemosque.Hesquattednexttoherandtookthebabyfromherlap.Masha’allah,yourdaughteristheverypictureofyou,Mayya!Shesmiled,seeingthetracesofwaterfromhisablutionsclingingtohischin,andthoughtabouthowhehadnochoicebuttospendmostofhistimeoutsidethehouseuntilshewouldhavecompletedherfortydaysofconfinement,whenthewomenwhoconstantlycameandwentwouldfinallydepart.Heappeareddelightedwiththegirl.HehadalreadytoldMayyathatthebaby’stinybodyandsparsehairremindedhimofherbrotherHamadasanewborn.Thedawnlightedgedintotheroom,illuminatingitlittlebylittle,asMayyaandherfathergazedatthisnewpersonwithoutexchanginganymorewords.Theroosterwascrowingandshecouldheartherustlingofthenabktreeoutsidethewindow.Azzanreturnedthebabytoherbed.Iswear,Mayya,shereallydoeslooklikeHamad!Whenhewasbornhewassotiny,onlyatouchlargerthanthepalmofahand.Wesaidhewouldn’tlivebuthedid.Andthen,oncehewasfillingoureyeswithhisbounce,andgivingussomuchjoy,heleftus.Mayyacouldremembereverything.Shehadbeentenwhenit

happened.Hamadwastwoyearsyounger.Hetookoffintothefarmlandsonhissteed,whichwasnothingmorethanadrydate-palmcluster,alimbfallenfromatree,hislittle-boylocksofhairrifflinginthebreezeandthesilveramuletaroundhisneck.Togethertheywouldslipaway

Page 61: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

fromQur’anschool.Mayyaneversucceededinmountingthatstallion,thoughshedidtrytogetitawayfromhim.Thedate-palmbranchcouldripadishdashatoshreds.Butsinceshewasagirl,shecouldn’tshimmyherdishdashaupherbodyandtieitaroundhermiddleasHamaddidhis.Norcouldshetakeitoffashesometimesdid.TheywouldstealgreenmangoesfromMerchantSulayman’sorchardandcollectunripedatesfrombeneaththepalmtrees.ThenHamadleftthem.Justlikethat,suddenly.Mayyaremembered

peoplecomingtooffercondolencesandmournwiththem;sherememberedthetearsandthesilveramulet.Hermotherwaskeentoretrievehisclothesandtheamulet.NoonecaredaboutHamad’smount.Thesteedremainedwhereitwas,athindrybodysplayedapartforMayyatosee,everytimeshestaredatthebaseofthecourtyardwall.Whenherfatherlefttheroomthenewbornbegantocry.Mayyahugged

herclose.Didherdaughterreallylooklikeher?Twenty-threeyearslaterwhenshewouldsmashherdaughter’smobile

phonetobitsinangerbeforeslappingheracrosstheface,theonlyremainingtracesofresemblanceweretheirbrownskinandwiryframes.Londonwouldbetallerthanhermother,agood-lookingyoungwoman,andsuchatalkerthatitwouldn’tbesurprisingifshewerenicknamedChatterbox.Thisroomwouldhavebecometherefugeofhergrandfather,anoldmaninhissixties.Bythen,theoilyblue-green,alreadyfaded,wouldhavebeencoveredwhentheroomwasrepaintedawaterylightblue.Againstthewallwouldsitmodernwoodwardrobesinsteadofhermandus,thebeautifuloldgilt-edgedwoodchest,whileasofaupholsteredinvelvetwouldhavetakentheplaceoftheIndiansequinedcushions.TheseamwherewallsandceilingjoinedwouldbehiddenbeneathawhitestripofplasterdécorandLondon,whonolongerresembledhermotherinmuchofanything,wouldnotenterthisroom,orthehousearoundit.Notever.That’showafraidshewasofhergrandmother.Butbythen,thisgrandmotherwouldhavetakenrefugeinanotherroomtowhichhermandus-chestshadbeenremovedalongwithsomefancypillowscushions,allwedgedalongsidethenew,modern-stylewood-framebed

Page 62: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

anditsaccompanyingsuiteoffurniture.Bythen,thisgrandmotherofherswasswearingoutloudthatshewouldslithergranddaughter’sthroatiftherebelliousgirlreallydidmarrythepeasant’sson.Howcouldshepossiblymarrytheissueofthemanwhohadthreshedthefamily’sgrain?

Page 63: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Thecloudstodayareverythick,impenetrable.Iliketheideaofbeingsohighthatgravitylosesitspoweroverme,asIstaredownattheclouds.IcanrememberhowsurprisedIwastolearnthatcloudsarenotsubstantialenoughtobearaperson’sweight.UstazMamduhexplodedinlaughterwhenherealisedhowdeludedIwas.Sowhodoyouthinkare,oryou’llbe,whenyougrowup?Abigimportantmanwhotakesoffintotheairandsitsontopoftheclouds?Thosecloudsarelikesmoke,youidiot!Onlyair.Amonthaftershegraduated,Londonsaidtome,Iloveclouds,Papa!

WhenIwaslittleIusedtodreamIhadwings,likethegirlintheTVRamadanRiddlesshow,andIcouldflyupthereandsitontopoftheclouds.Ididnottellherthatthishadbeenmydreamtoo.Ididn’tgetachance.

Weweresittinginhernewcar.Shewasdrivingandtalkingincessantly.Suddenlysheasked,HowaboutwegodowntotheshoreatSib?TherenovationsalongtheseafrontatSibhadbeencompletedbynow,

withanewcoastroadextendingaboutfourkilometresalongthatstretchofcoastline.Everysooftentherewasastylishlongasphaltparkingareathatalloweddriverstopause,alongsidepavedwalkwayswithfancyentrelacforpedestrians,andlamppoststhatwereminiaturecopiesofthetoweringBurjal-ArabinDubai.LongbeforetheserenovationswerebegunIusedtogotoSibwithmyfather,onhisperiodicvisitstothefishermenthere.Hewastryingtomakeagreementswiththemtobuytheirhouseswhichoverlookedtheseacoast.Hewantedtoconverttheareaintoacommercialcomplex.HewasconvincedthattheSabcoandOkayCentremallsandeventheal-HarthiCentrewhichopenedduringhisfinalillness,weretoofarawayforwould-becustomerswholivedin

Page 64: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

theSibarea.Butthebuyingpowerhereisweak,Father,Iwouldexclaim.Wearenot

inDubai.Youdon’tunderstandanythingaboutcommerce!wouldcomehis

response.We’llstartwiththosefishermen,andthenyou’llsee.Ourexcursionsended,asdidtalkoftheproject,whenwelearnedthat

theMinistryofHousinghadprohibitedsuchcommercialventuresanywherealongtheseafront.WewouldbeinFather’swhiteMercedes,withmeatthewheel.Wedidn’thaveanythingtosaytoeachother,unlesshewantedtobringupsomeissueconcerninghisbusiness,ortomoanhowsadhewasthatitwouldallverylikelybelostafterhispassinganyway,aslongashisprogenyconsistedofthelikesofme‘whodoesn’tappreciatethevalueofapenny’.OneweekafterhisdeathIpresentedmydocumentstojointhedistancelearningprogrammeatoneoftheuniversitiesinBeirut.TheideawasthatIwouldtraveltheretwiceayearfortheexaminations,untilIgraduatedwithaBAinBusinessManagement.Itdoesn’treallymattertomenow,Father,thatyouneversawmydiploma.Afterall,youdidn’thaveanydesiretoseeit.Butwhatdidthatmandesire?Youaremyonlyson,hewouldsay.Iwantyoutobeaman...thebestsortofman.AftermymarriageIspenttenyearsontheroad:backandforth

betweenMuscatandal-Awafi.HerefusedtoletusmovetoMuscat,forthenwhowouldkeeptheBigHousealive?Whowouldpreserveitasahome?Whowouldreceivetheguests?Whowouldpresideoverthosesociablegatheringsthatbroughtmentogethereveryevening?Hewouldnothearofit.No,no,absolutelynot!WewoulddoourbusinessinMuscat–onedaythere,orperhapstwo–andthenwe’dbebackinal-Awafi.Thatwasourhometown,notMuscat.Afteranothertenyears,mysonSalimsaid,ButMuscatisourhometownnotal-Awafi.Whycan’twespendallofourschoolholidaysandthebigfeastdayshereinMuscat?AtfirstLondonobjectedtothestreetsinthecapitalcitythatshesaid

weredesignedonlyfor‘cars’feet’.Thensheadaptedherself,andsheevencametolikethelongstretchofpavedseasidecorniche.Butshehada

Page 65: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

responseforSalim:Whatthereisinal-Awafithatisn’tinMuscatisthegraveyard.MostpeoplewholiveinMuscataren’tburiedinMuscat.They’reburiedintheirhomevillages.OnthiseveningshestoppedhercaratoneoftheCornicheparking

areasalongtheSibshoreline.Sheputoutthelightsandthensheburstintosobs.Ihadnotseenhercryevenonce,sinceherbabyhood,untiltheyearjustpast,onthatdaywhenhermotherhitherandbrokehermobilephone.Honey,whatisit?What’swrong?IsitHanan?Shewillrecover,my

dear.She’llbeallright.Londonshookherhead.It’snotHanan.Eventhough,youknow,her

familyrefusedtogotocourtabouttherapebecausetheywereafraidofthescandal,andshegaveintothem.Shetuggedherembroidery-edgedabayacloseraroundherbodyand

slouchedoverthesteeringwheel.AhmadandIusedtocomehere,shesaid.Hewouldtellme,Don’tturnaround,anddon’tgetoutofthecar,thereareyoungguysrunningaroundinshortshere,don’topenthewindowanddon’tlookout.Iwouldsay,Ahmad,you’remylove,Idon’tseeanyonebutyou!Hewouldlaugh,Papa,andhe’dsay,Whydon’tyouseeanyoneelse?Areyoublindorsomething?Whenthisangeroverwhelmsme,asit’sbeginningtodorightnow,

amidstalltheseclouds,Idon’tknowwhattodowithallofit.Itwon’tquit,andIcan’tfindanywindowforittoescapethrough.Thisanger–thisragethatcomeseverytimeIpictureherfaceasshetalked,sittingthereinthecar.Thissingle,fierceemotionstifleseverythingelse,evenmybreathing.Ihaveneverfeltsohelplessinfrontofmyangeraswhenmydaughterwascrying,andthenconfessing.Igaveintohim,shegaspedbetweenhersobs,becauseIwasafraidoffailure.Ifeltthesamehelplessangerwhenthenursetookoutthetubesfrom

myfather’sbody,herwayofannouncinghewasdead.Thisangerofminepursuesmetotheedge,whereI’mscreamingwithoutmakingtheslightestsound,cryingwithoutanytears.Butit’sanangerthatcarriesnoforce.Allitaccomplishesisthatitkeepsmefromtakingabreath.

Page 66: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Ididn’tfeelangrywhenIlearned,longaftertheevent,thatZarifahaddied.Ijustfeltasthoughtheearthhadgivenmeaviolentshaking.Suddenly,Iwasthatlonechildofsolongago,whomSanjarandMarhunforcedtostealtherifleandthendeprivedofeatinganymagpies.IfeltlikemyfatherwasgoingtopunishmeforleavingZarifatodiefarawayandalone.Hewouldpunishme,lowermeintothewelltrussedupinthepalm-frondrope.Ifeltherloudringinglaughtervibratingthroughmybody,sendingmywholebodyintoshuddersinthedawn.Again,Iheardherwhispering.Yourmotherdidnotdie,myboy,no,Abdullah.Yourmotherisalive.Thejinndjinnguardingthebasilbush–theytookheraway,butsheisalive.Iopenedallthewindowsinthenewcarandlistenedtothesoundof

thewavesasifthatwouldcoverupthesoundofmydaughter’scrying.Whydidn’tyoutellmefromthestart?Whydidyouwaitayear?Awholeyear!Shemoaned.Icouldn’t...Imean,Ichosehim.Everyoneofyou

rejectedmychoice,andsoIinsisted.WhatelsecouldIdo,afterthat?AndIwashappyinthebeginning.SoIjusttriedtoignoreit.AndhowcouldIpossiblyconfesstomymotherthatIwaswrong?WhatwouldIsaytoyou,toanyofyou?Soyouwaiteduntilheactuallybeatyou.Thatwaswhatittookforyou

tosayanything?HersobbinggotlouderandIrememberedhermother’swailing.He

beatsher?Shesaidhebeatsher?Thepeasant’ssonbeatsmydaughter,mine?Andwhatkindofmanbeatshiswife?Inallofal-AwafiIhaveneverheardofanyonebeatinghiswifeexceptforthatolddrunkFurayh.Heusedtocomehomesousedandthrowuponher,andthenhewouldstarthittingher.Andsothiseducated‘dokhtoor’–ashecallshimself,hah–isjustanotherversionofFurayhthedrunk?Hebeatsher?Thepeasant’ssonbeatsmygirl?Nooneeverputhishandonmeandnooneputhishandonmymotherormysisters,andnowthisdogcomesandbeatsmylittlegirl?Whatascandalwemustlookamongstallthetribes,everyclan,ourown,outintheopen.Themanourdaughterisalready

Page 67: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

legallymarriedto,evenif,thanktheLord,theyhaven’tmovedintogether,andFurayhthedrunk–they’recutfromthesamecloth?ByGod,ifonlyhehadneverseteyesonher!ByGod,he’sdivorcinghertodayandhe’dbetterdoitfast.Hedivorcedher.Wepaidhimthedowryandsomydaughtergot

herselfoutofthatmarriageandgotherfreedom.London,Isaidtoher,Todayyouarefree.Youareasuccessful

physicianandyouhaveyourfreedomandagoodsociallifeandhedoesn’tdeserveevenastraythought.Itwasjustabadexperience,it’sover,andthat’sthat.Shebreathedintheseaairandlefthertearsrollingdownhercheeks.

You’reright,Father.Justabadexperience.Theteenagerslaughandshoutandopentheircansofcola,thesea

breezegrowscolder,andIdriveonthewaybacktoal-Khuwayr,mutteringtomyself.Godbepraisedthattheactualweddinghadnotyethappenedandthewholethingcametoanendwhentheywerestillonlyboundbyanuptialcontract.

Page 68: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Zarifa

ZarifamadeupanenormoustraywithsamplesofallthedishesthathadbeenpreparedforMayyawhilesherecoveredfromLondon’sbirth.Aplateofriceandchickencookedinclovesandsamna;thatspecialflatbreadwithhoney;atowerofapples,orangesandbananas,andaladlefulofjelly-sweets.Zarifacoveredthetray,balanceditonherhead,andleftSalima’shouse.ShecrossedtheFalaj,themaincanal,andthenshepassedthehouses,thefortress-likecomplexwhereShaykhSaidandhisfamilyhadlivedforever,theschool,andHamdan’sshopbeforeherpathbroughthertothefarms.Inthepast,al-Awafi’shomesemptiedcompletelyonsummerdays,aseveryone,youngandold,convergedonthefarmers’fieldsinflightfromtheheat,returninghomeonlywhenthesoftnight-timebreezeswaftedthemthere.Butbythistime–theearlyyearsofthe1980s–therewasnoneedforthisdailyexodus.Electricfans,evenairconditionersinsomeofthehouses,putanendtotheseexcursions.Those‘horridnew-fangledhereticalairconditioners’,asZarifacalledthem.Notonceliftingherhandtosteadytheheavytrayonherhead,Zarifa

continuedonherway,reachingthebare,uncultivatedgroundbeyondthefarms.Thedesertopenedoutbeforeherasshewalkedon.Shewasdampwithsweatbutitwasonlyafewmomentsbeforeshearrivedandstopped,breathingwithrelief.Atthefootofthefamiliarclusterofwhiteboulders,Zarifaloweredthetrayandthenkneltdownbesideit,wipingawayhersweatwiththeedgeofherwrap.Herloud,roughvoicesailedacrosstherocks.YaBaqii-ooo!Hereisyourfood,mayyougiveusleavetohaveourfood,thisisyourshareandsoyoucanleaveoursharetous.Hereitis,Baqiia,here’syourkhiratha,look,thespecialfoodofMayya,daughterofSalima,mayyouleaveherinpeace,inherstateofconfinementasshe

Page 69: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

heals...mayyounotstrikeherdownorharmthenewborngirl.Zarifagotbackuponherfeetandbeganthereturnjourneytoal-Awafi.

Onlytwodaysbefore,shehadundertakenthisverysameerrandtodeflectevil,butthattimetowarditawayfromthewifeofherson,alsorecoveringfromchildbirthandfromherownnewgranddaughter.Timeaftertimeshehadmadethesameexcursion.Theywerealwayssuccessful,theseofferingsofhers.ThejinniBaqiiahadnevergrownangry,notonceoverthelongperiodthatZarifahaddedicatedherselftothejinni’sservice,norintheeraofhermotherbeforeher.Well,exceptthatonetime,whensomeonebewitchedUmmAbdallahsomehowwhileinherconfinement.BeforeZarifa,hermotherhadshoulderedthisdutyandbeforethatithadbeenhergrandmother’stask.AllofthemknewthemostparticularsecretsaboutBaqiia,thejinniwomanwhospecialisedinstalkinganywomanrecoveringfromchildbirthwhodidnotfeedherfromherownspecialfood.PoorwretchedUmmAbdallah,Zarifamuttered.MayGodshowherHismercy,poorsimplewoman,shewasonlymindingherownbusiness.Butpeopledon’tshowanymercy,andthisboyofhers...well,thisAbdallah,amanwho’snotinthecaravannorinthewarringband,astheproverb-makersays.Whatauselessfellow,noonelistenstohim.Whatkindofmanletshiswifegivehisdaughterthisstrangename?ButhowcanIsayanything?Theproverb-makersaid:Whatyoucriticizeothersfor,you’llfindyou’vegotitinspades.AndmysonSanjar–whonamedhisdaughter,now?ByGod,mennolongerhaveanysayinthings.NotallmenareSulayman!Aye,wAllahi!Therejustaren’tanyMerchantSulaymansanymore.NoShaykhSaids,either.GodprotectyouwithHismercy,Mama!Whereareyou?Cometome,comebacktoyourdaughterandjustseewhattheworldhasbecome.Zarifa’smother!PeoplehadnicknamedherKhayzuran,forlikeareed

ofbambooshewastallandgracefullyslender.HerrealnamewasAnkabuta:Spider-Girl.Herfatherhadbeenfedupwithhiswife’sconstantpregnanciesandtheterribleproblemoffindingyetanothername.Andthenameofababybornintoaslavefamilymustnever,everechothenamesofthemasters.Whenthetimecame,Spider-Girlwasthe

Page 70: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

onlynamehehadinmind,andsoitwas.BeforeshewasevenfifteenAnkabutahadbecomeanominouslytelling

lessonforeveryslavewoman–andeveryfreewomantoo,forthatmatter–whomighthavegivenevenapassingthoughttorefusingherhusband’sneeds.ShaykhSaidimprisonedherinanancientcellinthefortresswhensherefusedtosleepwithhisslaveNasib,towhomtheShaykhhadmarriedheroff.Ankabutalanguishedinthatcellformonths.Onceadayherfoodarrivedandonceanightherhusbandarrived.Peoplehadgrownverytiredofhearingherscreamandfinallyshewasfreed.MaybeitwasbecauseNasibhadbeendeclaringhowsickhewasofalwayshavingtotieherlimbstotherustingironbedpostsandstuffinghermouthwithhisturban-cloth,justtogethishusbandlyrights.Ankabutacameoutofprisonpregnantwithheronlydaughter.Shewas

alonewhenthebabycame,andaftertyingthecordAnkabutadecidedtobecomeamidwife,competingwithSabeekahwhospecialisedinbirthingforthedaughtersofshaykhs.Peopleinal-Awafihadn’trealisedthatAnkabuta’sharddarkfaceconcealedanawesomeandvoraciousappetiteforliving,thoughsomedidhaveaninklingthatthiswomanwhoinclinedtosilenceandself-concealmentwasinfactthegreatMamawhopresidedoverthezarexorcisms,onceamonthinthedesertoutbeyondthefortressandthefarmsthatmarkedal-Awafi’souteredges.

Page 71: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Thankyou,mybright-facedairhostess.TheorangecakeistrulydeliciousevenifIwouldhavepreferredourOmanijelliesoveranyofthethingsyoucallhalvehor–asLondonwouldsayinemphaticEnglish,sweeeeets.Inthefestivalseasonsorwhenmyfather’slargehousewasfilledwithguests,IwouldalwayswrapupabigportionofbeautifullygreasydarkhilwainapagetornfrommyschoolnotebookandcarryittoUstazMamduh.ThereweremanytimeswhenIdidn’tevengettotastethesespecialsweetsmyself.Insociablegatheringstheolderandgrandermenalwaysatefirst.Itwasinappropriateforayoungonelikemyselftoshowanyappetiteortocompetewiththeelders,andoftenthesweetsontheirtraywerewhiskedawaytoorapidlyforlittlehandslikeminetohaveachance.Wheneveritcametothat,myhopeswouldcompletelyvanish,forIknewthatmyauntwouldtakechargeandlockitallawayinthestoreroom,andIwouldn’thavethecouragetoaskforany.ButthenZarifaremembersaboutUstazMamduhand,beforeanyone

cannotice,spiritsawayabigchunkforhissake.Orforthesakeofthediploma.Justseeingthegreencoverofmydiplomatoldheritwassomethingtocelebrateeventhoughshedidn’tunderstandasinglewordofwhatwaswritteninside.OnceinawhileIamenormouslylucky,securingtwomassivechunksof

it.OneIwrapupforUstazMamduhandtheotherIsplitwithManeenwhohasalreadycaughtawhiffofitslightsaffronsmelleventhoughIalwaystrymyhardesttokeeptheveryscentofitunderwraps.Maneenisalwaysperchedonalargerockinfrontoftheopeningtohismudhouse,whichsitssquarelyontherouteIhavetotaketoschool.Notacreaturecanpassinfrontofhimwithouthearingthatvoice.Maneenisinbadshape,hemoans.GiveManeenafewgrainsofrice,justalittlehandful!

Page 72: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Passhimabiteofsomethingsweet!ImovefromoneschoolgradetothenextbutManeenneverchangeshisspot,asifheandtherockonwhichhesitswerecreatedasonepiece,nevertochange,justastheworn-outrobehewearsneverchanges.Theonlythingthatchangesisthathediscoversmulberrycordial.Headdsalinetohissingsongcall:GivehimsomeVimtotowethisthroat!Maneen’ssonZayidisinmyclassatschoolbutIneverseeZayidwith

hisfather.Heisalwaysatschoolorplayingwiththeladsintheneighbourhood.PeoplesayhismotherranoffwithanothermanwhenZayidwasstillanursingbabyandsoallthewomenintheneighbourhoodpitchedin,treatinghimwithfondnessandtakingcareofhisneedsuntilhewasoldenoughtocareforhimself.Zayidneverlaughed,andwhenweracedhealwaysgotthebetterofalltheotherboys.Ourracesstartedwherethecanalbeginsandendedatthefurthestedgeofal-Awafi’sfarms,andZayidwasalwaysahead.WheneverManeencatchessightofmeheratchetsupthemusicalityof

hisfamiliarcall.Heclapshishandstogetherasheasksme.Soooo,Abdallah?How’syourfather?WhatlittletriflehaveyoubroughtpoorManeentoday?IfmypocketsareemptyIrespondbysnappingathim.Maneen,Iknow

verywellthattheMinistryofWelfaregivesyouthirtyriyals!ThenItakemyselfoff,headingatafastcliptowardstheschoolbuilding.ButifI’vebeenluckywithmyshareofsweetsIsitdownwithhimonhisrockandweeatthelusciousjelly-likechunktogether.Hismouthcrammedwithjelly-sweets,chuckles,andsaliva,ManeenrepeatsthesameoldstoryIhaveheardathousandtimes.Heyyy,Abbuuud...ablessedboyjustlikeyourpapa!Hooo,Abbuud,myman,intheyearofthehorriblerains.Kharsa!Itwasadisasterforsure.Thewatercamedownhardfortenwholedays,thishouseofminewentmeltingintothegroundandeventhehomesofthebigfolkleakedwateruntiltheirroofsfellin.Weweredyingofhunger,myboy,theraincompletelydestroyedallthedates.Ruined.Allofourmatsandfurnishingsandclothingwerewetthroughandnoonecouldfindanythingtoeat–nothingtobuy,nothingtosell–Heyyyy,

Page 73: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abbuud,youcamealongineasytimes,timesofplenty.You’veneverseenrealhunger.Theyearofthekharsaal-Awafiwasafloat,itwasjustonebigmessofgullies.ShaykhSaidclosedhimselfupinthatfortressofhisandhesaidtoeveryone,Ihavenothingleft.Allmydateshavebeenruinedbythewater,hesaid,andthefightingbetweenthetribestookeverythingIowned.Butyourfather,hewasadifferentstory,blesstheman!Heopenedhis

home,heputuptentsforpeopleinhisowncourtyard.Theyateanddrankuntileverycupboarddoorinthekitchenandstoreroomwasflungwideopenandpeoplecouldseewiththeirowneyesthattherewasnothingmorethere.Ifithadn’tbeenforyourfatherandShaykhMasuud–God’smercyonthelateShaykhMasuud,myboy–wewouldhavediedofstarvation.Theyearofthedisaster,Abbuud–aye,andtodayallisfinewithus,justsee!Theworld,myson,whataworld!So,Abbud–now,youdon’thaveanyVimtoforpoorManeen?Weweregrowingup.Zayidnolongeryankedatthegirls’braids

withoutwarningwhenwewereplayinghide-and-seek,dividingourselvesintotwogroups,boysagainstgirls.SanjarnolongerreactedbydivingforZayid,throwinghimtothegroundandnearlythrottlinghim.WegrewupandZayidwentintothearmy.InafewyearsManeen’scrumblingmudbrickhousedisappearedfromtheroadsidetobereplacedbyareinforcedconcretehome,threebedroomsandasittingroom.PeoplesaidthatZayidhadmoveduprapidlythroughtheranksandwasmuchapprovedofbytheseniorstaff.Hecamebacktoal-Awafiinfrequentlynow,inhisredCamry.Herebuiltthehouseandfilleditwithlargesacksofriceandsugar,andsealedtinsofthebestlocalsweets,theonesfromBarka.Whenhedidshowup,hewasalwaysinuniformandeveryoneknewhewasbringingcratesoffruitandbottlesofVimto.Oftenhehadagangofworkersintow,tobuildanotheradditionortoreplacethewooddoorwithafancierone.ButManeen,hiseyesightfadedandhishairgonecompletelywhite,didnotabandonthesmallrockonwhichhewasalwaysperched,orhistatteredclothes,orhissameoldcrywheneversomeonepassedby.Theneighbourscouldhearfuriousrowserupting,asever,

Page 74: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

betweenthefatherandhisarmy-officerson.TheycouldhearManeenprotestingthathecouldn’tseeanylonger,andhewasusedtosittingbytheroadside,helikedbeingthere,itwashislife,thepeoplewhocameby.Hedidn’twanttobeshutupinsideahouseevenifitwasbrandnew!Hesaidhewasonlyteasingpeoplebycallingouttothem.Allhewantedwassomeamusement,thepleasureaconversationgavehim.Nooneactuallygavehimanythingnow,astheyhadinthedaysofpoverty.Noonewastheretowashhisclothes,hesaid,noonetocookthericestackedupinthehouse.Helikedeatingwiththeneighboursanyway,hesaid,helikedbeinginthewarmdampthrongofchildrenandtheirgames.Theneighbourscouldnotmakeoutanyofthewordshissonwasyellingback.WhenIwantedtogiveoutalmsforMuhammad’ssake,hopinghe’dbe

cured,Iwenttoal-Awafiandslaughteredfiveewesandgaveoutthemeat,butManeenrefusedtotakeanyofitatall.HesaidthatifhetookitandZayidfoundout,hewouldneverforgivehim.TheIndianwomanwhomZayidbroughttothehouseasaservanttriedtohelpManeenundressandcleanhimself.Shekeptatitforafewweeksbutthenshestartedspendingallofhertimeonherownneeds.Whenherbellyswelledupenoughthatnoonecouldpossiblyignoreherstateanylonger,Zayidcameandgotherandsentherbacktoherowncountry.Maneenreturnedtohisoldwaysandhisusualappearance,thecheerfuldirtyface,hislaughterandhisstoneperch.Hiscallscamenowinafadedvoicethatwashardtohear.Orhewentsilent,withdrawinginsidehiscementhouse,especiallywheneverZayidwasinal-Awafi.Maneenyellsout:Theyearofthedisaster,myboy!Sanatal-kharsa,it

was.Whenthewatercamepouringovertheland,greenplacesanddrybrownonesboth.ButpraisebetoGod,welivedthroughit.Wehuddledinthetentsatyourpapa’splace,allcrowdedtogether,andatShaykhMasoud’s,too,dividingupthedatesandthedriedfish,tentoaplate.Ilhamdulillah!Heyy,Abbuud,you’resureyoudon’thaveaswallowofVimtoanywhereinthehouse?Yousaytome,thepensionfromtheMinistry.Thirtyriyals,Abbud,thatwon’tevenpayforacig,sohowisitsupposedtopayforthenotebooksandpensZayidneeds?Hafiza!Well,

Page 75: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

yousee,itcoststhreeriyalsjusttogiveheralook.She’llsay,Gotakeashower,Maneen,andthenyoucancometomehere.MayGodprovideforthewomen,they’vegotnootherway.Intheyearofthehorriblerains,myboy,thewomenweredyingofhunger,andoneofthemwouldsellherselfevenforhalfapenny.Butsomeofthem,well,Abbud,theywereastubbornbunch,moneywouldn’tdoitandneitherwouldprettywords.IbroughtthisHafizaabottleofVimtoasbigaroundasmyforearmis,andshestillwasn’tsatisfied.Shedidn’ttastehunger,shedidn’tseetheyearofthehorriblerains.She’dsay,Gowashyourself,goonnow...NowIaskyou,isZaataranybetterthanme?Yearslater,whenhiseyesightwasgoneandhisteethfallingout,

Maneenjoinedinatthezarexorcisms,walkingoverhotcoalsandscreamingasmuchashepleased.Thenighthewasfounddead,fromarifleshottohishead,hehadreturnedfromthezarverylateandverydrunk.Forhoursafterhereturned,hewasshouting,standingthereinfrontofthedoortohishouse.PoorManeen!WretchedManeen!Givehimabiteofbread,givehimahalf-cigarette,givehimawomanevenifitisonlyfilthyHafiza!Somefolkssaidhe’dsimplybeenawretchedmurdervictim,theyeven

calledhimamartyr,andtheyprayedoverhim.Butotherscalledhimanimmoraldrunkardandwouldnotjointheprayers.Theyhoistedhisbodyanddidaproperburialprocession,takinghimtothegraveyardwestofal-Awafi.Whenthepolicearrivedthenextmorning,nooneclaimedtoknowanything.No,theyhadn’theardathing.Inafewdaysthecasefilewasclosed.Andnooneinal-AwafisawZayideveragain.TeacherMamduhtaughtusinallsubjects.Therewerenogirlsinour

class.Butbetweenclasses,Zayidwouldstealtothefirst-yeargroupwherefourgirlsstudiedalongwiththeboys.Hewouldsingleoutoneofthefour,pullherhairandrunoff.FinallyKhawlacomplainedabouthimtoherfatherAzzan.Afterthat,hehadtostop.WhenwewerestudyingtheChapteroftheBack-biterfromtheQur’an,

Zayidwouldglancesidelongatmewheneverwelaunchedintorecitingthoseparticularverses:‘Bewaretheback-biter,whopilesuprichesashe

Page 76: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

pilesupthefaultsofothers,countinghiswealthandbad-mouthingothers,butwillhishundredsgivehimeternallife?’TeacherMamduhwentintolongandelaboratedetail,cursingtherichandtheiraccumulationofwealth,andthemerchantswhohoardedgold.Allthewhile,Zayid’sflame-throwingglanceswereburningmealive.Andso,onthedaywhenUstazMamduhaskeduswhatourfathersdidforaliving–whenhealreadyknewperfectlywellwhattheanswerswouldbe–Ialmostdiedofembarrassment.Ididn’thavethecouragetosaythatminewasamerchant.Theboyssaid,easilyandconfidently:He’safarmer...ablacksmith...farmer...carpenter...men’sdishdashatailor...judge...muezzin...farmer...whileIbrokeoutinasweat,afraidtocalloutthatmypapawasamerchant.Ihadtheuncomfortablefeelingthatthewordmerchantmeantafatuglydisgustingpersonwithabulgingbellywhichjiggledandswayedashepiledupgoldandtorturedthepoor.Iwassurethatmysecretasthesonofarichman–heownedwhatwasonlythesecondautomobileinallofal-Awafi,afterShaykhSaid’s–wouldberevealedandthenIwouldbethebuttofsometrulymeantaunts.JustthenZayidshouted,HispapaisMerchantSulayman!TheowneroftheBigHouse,andthefarms,andhislandgoesallthewaytoMaskad.NoonemockedmebutIfeltashamed,likeImyselfwasindisgrace.I

wishedhardthatmyfatherwasafarmerlikemostoftheboys’fatherswere.Inthebreak,ZayidandIweretheonlyboysintheclasswhodidnotgo

tothecanteenbecauseneitherofushadanyspendingmoney.UntilIreachedmiddleschool,myfatherwasabsolutelyfirm;therewasnowayhewasgoingtogivemeahundredpennieseverydayforschool.BythetimeIwasfinallygiventhisallowance,otherpeopleweregivingtheirchildrentwoorthreehundred.Ialwayshadtochoosebetweenbread,cheeseoracartonofSuntopjuicedrink.Icouldn’thavebothorallofthematthesametime.Notuntiltheveryendofhighschool.

Page 77: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Masouda

Althoughtheneonstreetlampsconfidentlysignalledtheroutetoeveryhouseinal-Awafi,ontheroughroadtoMasouda’shousetheyflickered,hesitant.Hersensespickedupthegrindingraspoftherustyirondoorassoonasanyonewouldbeginpushingitopentostepoverthethreshold.Thenarrowpacked-dirtcourtyardledoneintoacrampedsemi-circularspaceandatinyroomwhosedoordidn’tcloseproperly.Thewallswerelinedwithimagesonthin,dog-earedpaperoftheGrandMosqueinMeccaandtheProphet’sMosqueinMedina,andoneluridlycolouredimageinawoodframeofBuraq,theheavenlysteedwhocarriedtheProphetskyward,anelegantcreatureportrayedwithabeautifulfemininecountenance.Thinmattresses–justcheapfabricstretchedoveralayerofsponge–wereproppedagainstthewallnexttoanassortmentofplasticimplements:basketsofvarioussizesandcolours,bigladles,andpotswithwhitelids.Nexttotheopendoorwasamirrorinanancientframeatthetopofwhichwaswritteninpyramidalform‘SultanateofMuscatandOman’.Thesittingroomwascompletelyemptybutforacarpetwhoseedgeswerepartlywornawayandarolled-upmatthatalwaysstoodinthecorner.ButMasoudahadn’tsetfootinanyofthesespacesforalongtime.Oneofthewomenwholivednearbymightstopinatmidday,orayoungboyortwoatsunset.Astheirondoorscrapedopengroaning,thesmellthathadbeenimprisonedinsideburstout.Masoudawouldshout,I’mhere!I’mhere...andanyonearoundwouldtrulyknowshewasindeedthere.Atthefurthestpointtotherightfromthecourtyardwasatinyroom–

onceusedasathreshingfloor–withatoiletattachedwhichwasnothingmorethanacrackthelengthofthedirtfloorwithametalpitchernexttoit.EversinceherdaughterhadannouncedthatMasoudawasmad,the

Page 78: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

oldwomanhadbeenconfinedinthetinyroomfurnishedonlywithareedmatcoveringthepebbles.Sheimprovisedamakeshiftwindowfromanopeninginthewallwherethreemetalskewersformedbarsandawoodenshutterhung.TherewasnothingintheroomotherthanthecolumntowhichMasoudawouldbetiedwhenherscreamswereattheirloudestandsheseemedalmostreadytosmashopenthelockedwoodendoorbythrowingherbodyagainstit.Wheneversheheardthelowscreechofthedoorshewouldgripthewindowbarsdesperatelyandshout,I’minhere!I’mMasoudaandI’minhere!TwiceeachdayherdaughterShannacameinwithlunchanddinner,

fromthehomeofMerchantSulayman.ShealmostneveropenedhermouthinresponsetoMasouda’scriesasshehandedhermothertheheapingplateandtooktheemptyone.Aneighbourwomanmightcomeby,earningherselfagooddeedbystoppingsometimesbeneaththebarredwindowforachat.TheyoungboysfromthevillagecreptinperiodicallytorelievethemselvesatthefootofthewallortothreatenMasoudaifshedidn’tstopscreamingsoloudly.NowandthenShannashowedupforanunexpectedvisit,lookinginon

hermother,fillingthepitcherinthetoilet.Exactlyafortnightintoeachmonthshegavehermotherabath,washedandplaitedherhair,swepttheplaceoutandsprinkledwateracrossthedirtcourtyard.IamMasouda!IamMasoudaandI’minhere...Onsomedaysthebreezewasvigorousenoughtobudgetherustymetal

door.Itwasn’tShannaoraneighbourwomanortheboys,butwithoutanylamp,howcouldMasoudaknowtostopshoutingaslongandasloudasshecould?I’minheeeeere!IamMasouda...

Page 79: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Salimworriesme.Afterhispoorshowinginthehighschoolexams,oneoftheprivatecollegesdidgivehimaplacebuteventhatwasdifficulttosecure.I’mnotpleasedwithanythingthatboydoesorwhoheis.Londonsaystome,Negative!Youarejustsonegative,Dad!Soonshe

willreallyturnintoamaturegrown-up.Nowthatshecanregainsomepeaceofmindafterherbadloveaffair,she’llstartanewpage.HowhappyIfeelwhenIseehersmile,onherwaytothehospital,pullingonherdoctor’scoat.PraisebetoGodwhohasblessedhumankindwiththeabilitytoforget!AsalittleboyIgotusedtohearingHabibsuddenlybark,Forgetting?

Whereisit,thisforgetting?IneverlikedHabib,notatall.WheneverhesawmewithZarifahegavemeashove.HeknewIwouldn’tdaretellmyfather.Zarifaneverdefendedmewhenithappened.IwasveryhappywhenHabibdisappearedforgood.HissonSanjarwasnomorethansixwhenpeoplestartedwhisperingthatHabibhadescaped.Habib’sancientmotherscreamedandrolledherselfmadlyinthesandandtoreherclothestoshreds.Sheseemedtoknow,somehow,thathewouldnevercomeback.Butitdidn’tsurpriseanyonetofindhimgone.Hewasalwayssayingthathewouldgobacktothatlandfromwhichhe’dbeensnatchedaway,backtohisfreedom,plunderedbypiratesandmerchants.Someyearslater,someonesaidthey’dcaughtaglimpseofhimintheBaluchCaféinDubai–thatwaswheneverynationhadtheirowncaféthere–butotherswerecertainhereallyhadgonebacktoMakran,inBaluchistan,thathe’dmarriedandhadchildrenthere.Stillotherssaidhehaddiedoftuberculosisnotlongafterescaping,andbeforethechangeinregimethatbroughtwithitarushofnewhospitals.Zarifadidn’tshedonetearoverhimandIneverheardhertalkabout

Page 80: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

him.OncewhenIwasolderIaskedherwhyshedidn’ttrytofindanythingoutabouthim.Sheansweredwithherfavouriteline.Theproverb-makersays:Knowledgemeanspain,notknowingkeepsmesane.ButraisingSanjar,shecouldn’tkeephimignorant.Whenhehadgrownupandhadchildren,heemigratedtoKuwait.Shedidn’trollinthesandortearherclothestorags,though.Shewaitedeightyears,untilmyfatherwasdead,andthenshewentafterherson.Verysoonshewasback,spittingandswearingattheviperwhomhersonhadmarried.Afterthat,Ihadnomorenewsofher.Iwascompletelypreoccupiedwiththenosediveinthemarket,withrealestate,withbuildingthenewhouseinMuscat,withLondon’smarriageanddivorce,Salim’sstudiesandMuhammad’sillness,andalltheworriesoftheworld.ThenIheardsuddenlythatZarifahaddied.Iwenttomyfather’sfuneralafterhediedinhospital.Whenmyuncle

diedofaheartattack,andZayddrownedintheflood,andManeenwaskilledbyabullet,andHafizadiedofAIDSandMarwankilledhimselfwithhisfather’sdagger,Iwenttotheirfunerals,andIalsoattendedfuneralsformyfriends’fathersandmothers,butIdidn’tgotoZarifa’s.Simply,noonetoldme.ShegotillwithoutmyknowingandshediedandwasburiedandIstilldidn’tknow.Isawmyfatherinmydreams,hiseyesredfromsomuchanger.He

wasbrandishingapalm-fibreropeinmyfaceasheaskedmeabouther.Ahh,Habib!Yourmotherisveryold,butsheisstillalive,evennow.Whereareyou,andyourshoutsintomychildishface?Forgetting?WhereisthisplacecalledForgetting?

Page 81: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

MayyaandLondon

Thevisitorsaregivingtheirfullattentiontothesweetsandfruits.Zarifapoursoutcoffeeforthewomenanddoesn’tletasentencegobywithoutcommentingonit.Laughterrises,voicesmingle,repeatingcomplaintsabouthusbandsandchildren,newsofmarriage,divorce,andrecentchildbirths,commentaryonthestartlinglybrightfabricsfloodingHamdan’sshop,thetelevisionswhosepresencewasnolongerlimitedtothehomesofShaykhSaidandMerchantSulayman,orwhichmudbrickhousehadmostrecentlybeenreplacedbyacement-blockrectangle.Theyhadthingstolaughabout,andtheirhostess,Salima,smiledtoshowthatshesharedtheirgoodcheer.Yesterday–andforthefirsttimeeverinhermarriedlife–Azzanhad

givenheragoldringthatheldanenormousbluestone.EveryoneknewSalimadespisedgoldandscornedanysortofadornment.Whatshehadbeenobligedtobuyasabrideshehadkeptinalockedsteelboxburieddeepinsideherlargewoodenweddingchest.SheandAzzanhadneverexchangedgifts.Healwaysgaveherwhatsheneededandheneveraskedherabouthouseholdexpenses:butgiftswereanotherstory!Salimafeltuneasyaboutherhusband’simpulsiveoffering.Asshedisappearedintothekitchentopreparemorefruit,the

muezzin’swifeandJudgeYusuf’swidowbenttheirheadstogethertowhisper.Sister,whatkindofmanisAbdallah,allowinghisdaughtertohavethisoddname?Seemshedoesn’tgettosayawordaboutit,doesn’thiswomanMayyalistentohim?Ifhehadanyballs,ifhecouldmakeherlisten,hewouldneverhaveleftittohertonamethegirlforacityinthelandoftheChristians.London!Sincewhendoesanyonenamehisdaughterafteraplaceanyway?Mayyaeatsdatesaloneinbed.Asma’sattemptstoconvincehermother

Page 82: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

thattheyshouldalwayseattogetherhadfizzled.TheprophetichadithssherecitedhadnoeffectbuttoangerMuezzin-Wife,whoaccusedherofdeliberatelyattemptingtorevisethefaithandcorruptitwithevilinnovationsfrombooks.NoneofthisbotheredMayya.Shewasn’tparticularlyconcernedaboutfoodandwhethersheconsumeditinothers’companyornot.Shedidnotunderstandhowwomencouldspendsomuchtimeeatingandtalking.She,ontheotherhand,wassilentlywatchingherlittledaughtermakeatinytrianglewithherlips,andopenandclosehereyes.London’scryinglessenedandshebeganspendinglongerperiodsbattingattheairwithherhandsandfeet.Mayyalovedwatchingherswattingattheair,buthermotherinsistedonswaddlingthebaby.MayyahadchosenthewhiteswaddlingherselffromRuwiSouqwhenshe’dgonetoMuscattogivebirth.Shealsoboughttinywhiteundershirtsandtwolittleyellowgownsthatwouldsuiteitheraboyoragirlperfectlywell.ShehidKhawla’slipstickamongherclothes,hopinghermotherwouldn’tspotit.Shedidn’tknowwhatitwasthatworriedhermothersomuchabout

Khawla.Mayyasawherasagentleperson,quicktosympathisewithothers,theprettiestandsweetestgirlinal-Awafi.Whatwastheproblemifsheinsistedthatherfatherbuyheraringandsomegoldbangles?Shedeservedthem,andherfathercouldaffordit.MayyawasuncomfortablewhenhermotherattackedKhawlaforwhatseemedthemosttrivialofreasons.Ifhermotherdidn’tlikejewellery,thatwasherbusiness,butcouldn’tsheletKhawlaalone?IfonlyLondonwouldturnoutasprettyasheraunt!Mayyasighedandlookedcloselyathertinydaughter’sblackhairwhich

hadslowlybeguntogrow.Hergazesettledonthebaby’sforehead,slightlymorewrinkledthanitshouldbe,shethought.Sheaskedherselfwhetheritwastruethataperson’sfatewaswrittenontheirbrow,aspeoplealwayssaid.Whatwaswrittenonthetinyforeheadofthisnewlittlecreature?HowcouldMayyahaveseen,onherbabydaughter’sbrow,the

eveningsofsleeplessnessthatwouldcomeasshereachedherearly

Page 83: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

twenties,allofthosenightstocomewhenAhmad’sfacevisitedLondoninsistentlybeforehisfeaturesfadedsocompletelythatshebegandoubtinghewasarealpersonwithwhomshehadhadarealrelationship,thattheyhadactuallymet,thenalsothattheyhadreallyandtrulybrokenup.Londonwouldtrytoholdhisimageinhermindbutatthesametimetobanishit.Itwasusuallyjustbeforedawnthathermemorywouldbringupacertainimage,alwaysthesameone,theportraitpublishedintheuniversitymagazine.Shesawsomethinginthatimagethatshehadn’tnoticedinperson.Inthephoto,hiseyesshiftedawayfromthecamera.EventuallyLondonhadunderstoodthatlookasoneshecouldnottrust.Mayyastrokedherdaughter’sforeheadandtouchedherwiryhair.

EarlyinthemorningAbdallahcameintoseeher,bringingcasesofbabyfoodinlittlejars.Mayyafoundthisunnecessaryandslightlydisgraceful,butshedidn’tsayanything.Firstofall,thisbrand-newbabygirlwouldn’teatactualfoodforatleastthreemonths.Second,itwasn’tasifshe,Mayya,wasincapableofcookingforherdaughterandhadtohavehimbringherjarsofHeinzandMilupawhichhadbeencannedonlyGodknewwhen.Nooneinal-Awafifedtheirbabiessuchthings.Ifhethoughtshewasgoingtoimitatehisuncle’swifeinMaskadhewaswrong.Mayyadidnotspeakmuchbutshewouldnotimitateanyone.Shewouldcook,herself,forherdaughter.Shewouldsewherdaughtercolourfulfrocksthatnoonehadseenthelikeofonalittlegirlbefore.Thisgirlwouldneverleavethehousewithoutherhaircombedandshoesonherfeetandafrockwithlongboldstripesdownthemiddle.Mayyawouldreallyprovenowhowtrulyskilledshewasatsewing.London’sclotheswouldnotlooklikeanyoneelse’sjustashernameechoednoothergirl’s.

Page 84: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

OnthedaywemovedtothenewhouseIsawmymotherinadream.Isawherwrappedinalong,loose-fittingwhitegarment,walkingoverthewater.Iwaswalkingbehindherandcallingout.Mama,Mama!ButshedidnotturnaroundformeandIdidnotseeherfaceuntilIwokeup.Iwishcamerashadreachedal-Awafibeforeshedied.ZarifaalwaystoldmethatIlookedlikeher,thoughmypaternalauntwasconstantlyinsistingthatIlookedlikemyfather.ThedayLondongotthedivorcesheaskedAhmadfor,andwereturned

thedowry,Isawmymotherinadreamagain.Isawherwalkingcalmlyaheadofme.Iwasgrippingthehemofherveilandsaying,Mama,whydidyoupullupthebasilshrub?Butshedidnotturnaroundforme.Ididn’thearhervoice.WhenIlearnedthatZarifahaddiedIsawmyfatherfirstinadream

andthenIsawher,tallandthin.Shehuggedmetightly.Iwasveryshort,barelyreachinghermiddle,andshebentoverme.HerhugwasMayya’sandherfacewasZarifa’s.AsusualIfoundMayyaasleep.Whenweallstayuptalkinginthe

evening,sheleavestogotosleepassoonasmyconversationswithLondonorwithSalimgrowtense.WhenIcomehomefromworkinthelateafternoonmoreoftenthannotIfindMayyaasleep.WaybackwhenIwasaboy,ifIeverdozedinthelateafternoonZarifa

wouldfume.Shewouldshoutatme.Theproverb-makersays:Quarrelwithyourneighbourifyoumusttomakeyourmark,butneverevernapbeforedark!Mayyaneverformedthekindofseriousbondswithneighboursthatonewouldhavetohaveeventoquarrel,andshewoulddropofftosleepwhenevershechose.Inthefirstyearsofourmarriageshealwayswokeupearlyandalmost

Page 85: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

nevertookafternoonnaps.AfterMuhammadwasborn,youcouldmeasurehersleepwithhisyears.Atfirstshewouldgotosleepbesidehiminthatnarrowlittlebedofhis;evenlateron,oncehehadgottenolderandhisbodyfilledthebed,shewouldlaydownwithhimthoughthenshewouldleavehimonhisown.Manytimes,whenIcamehomeintheeveningIfoundthemlyingtogetheronthebed,gazingattheceilingwheretheelectricfanspun.Muhammadwascompletelyfixedonwatchingthefanmove.Ifitstoppedhewouldstartcrying,andhewouldn’tstop.Soofcoursewekeptthefanturningnomatterwhatthetemperaturewas.Mayyastayedinbedlyingathissideforhoursonenduntilhedroppedofftosleepandshecouldleavehim,tosleepherself.

Page 86: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Husbands

Salimaspoketoherdaughtersaboutit.Asma,Khawla,lookhere!ShetoldthemthatEmigrantIssa’stwosons,whowereintownnow,hadaskedforthetwoofthem.KhalidandAliwantedtomarrythesisters.SheandtheirfatherAzzancouldfindnoreasontoturnthemdown,sheinformedthem.Asmawasunruffled.Shewouldthinkaboutit,shetoldhermother

coolly.Butsheinstructedherparentsnottorespondbeforesheinformedthemofherowndecision.ButKhawla,listeningtohermotherandsister,droppedherjaw,

unabletohideherastonishment.Whentheywerefinallysilent,shebegansayingno,faintlyatfirstbutthenfiercely.No,no,no,no.TheyhadneverseenKhawlalikethis,neverseenthissemi-hystericaledgetoherpersonality.Sherantowardthegirls’roomattheotherendofthecourtyardandshutthedoorbehindher.Sherefusedtoopenuptoanyonebeforeherfather’sreturn.Shewouldtalktohimherself.Asmacontinuedasusual,helpinghermotherinthekitchenandinall

thedutiesofthehousehold,makingcoffeeeverymorningandinthelateafternoonforthewomenwhowerealwaysvisiting,dandlinghersister’snursingbaby,discussingbookswithMayya,listeningtotheradio,reading,andwashingclothesforherfather,forhersisterjustoutofchildbirth,andforthebaby,theconstantnappiesofthenewborngirl.Butnotforamomentcouldshestopthinkingaboutthisengagement.Afewdayslatershesaidtohermother,justoffhandasshewaspoundingcardamomseedsforcoffee,Mama,okay,fine,IwillacceptthisKhalidboy.Asshespoke,Azzanwashurryinghome.Hehadreturnedunusually

latefromtheBedouinsettlement.Thecoldwindslappedathisclothes.

Page 87: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Therecenteventsinhislifehadtuggedhimhitherandyon,untilhenolongerknewwherehewas.Insinuationsandslysuggestionsseemedtomeethimateveryturn.Thedaybefore,swappinginstantly-composedlinesofpoetryinplayfulcompetitionwithhisdaughterastheyoftendid,Asmahaddisobeyedtherulesofthegame.Hehaddeclaimed

Thebeloved’sfacegivesyoursmorebeauty

Themoreyougiveityourgaze

Asmashotbacktwoseparatelinesinresponse,openingstofamouspoemsbytheancientpoetal-Samau’alandthe‘Abbasidpoetal-Buhturi,butneitherwascomposedonthesamerhymescheme,astheyshouldhavebeen,inthespiritofthegame.

Ifaperson’shonourisnotsulliedbybaseacts

theneverygarmenthedonsisbeauteous

andthen

Iguardedmyselffromwhatwouldsoilmyself

andheldmyselfabovethepaltryofferingsofthescoundrel

SowerepeoplesensingQamar’spresenceinhim?ThisbeautifulMoon,Najiya?ThiswondrousQamarhadtaughthimhisownbody,asthoughhe’dbeencompletelycluelessaboutitalwaysbefore.ThisQamarhadtaughthimenticementsthatshatteredhisoldexistencetopieces.Thewayhefeltaboutit,hehadn’tknownanythingatallaboutanythingbeforeheknewher.Everyeveningwhenhisfeetsankintothesandashehurriedtowardthefragranceofher,whetherhewanteditornothiswholebeingwasdrivinghimtothispresencethatwassoextraordinaryandhadtransformedhislife.Comingtomeetherlikethissimplyintensifiedhisthirst.Fromthestarttheysharedaclearsenseofwhatthiswas.Afree

Page 88: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

relationship.Freedom,yes,inthisbondtheyhadmade.Atfirstitdidreallyseemthattheyhadclimbedtothesummitofpuredesire,freeofartificiality,concealment,ordeception.Betweenthemselves,anyway.Nopromisesmade,noaspirationshinted,justeachmoment’sblazeofpassion.Notiesfromthepastandmoreimportant,notiestothefuture.That’swhattheywantedandworkedfor.AfewweekslaterAzzandiscoveredthatthisfreerelationshipwascollapsingintotheroughestandmostviolentsortofslavery,drivenbyneed,bindingtheminirons.Itdistractedhimfromeverythingelse,ashesawthisunendingcycleofunionandseparationenvelopingthem,slavestoaviciouscycleofnever-endingdemandsanddoubts.Hisneedforherwasprofound,asviolentandasobscure,too,asitseemed,allthemoresowhenhewasactuallywithher.Butnow,reachinghome,Azzanopenedthemassivewooddoorcalmly,thinking,That’sthewayitis.There’snofreedominlove,andyoucan’tchoose–othersarethere,orthey’renot.Hewalkedthroughthecourtyardwithoutnoticingthelamplitinthegirls’room.Enteringthesittingroom,hefoundeveryonethere,alertandtense,waitingforhimtocomehome.ExceptforKhawla.Cocoonedinabiggreenwoolshawl,Mayyawasnursingherbabygirl.

Asmawaswithher,pattingthenewborngirl’sswaddlingintoplace,andavoidingraisingherhead.Salimawashunchedover,butinhercrouchingpostureshestillglaredathim.Hetookoffhisshoesandsanddribbledfromhistoes.Shedidnotstandupandcomeoverassheusuallydid.Herubbedathisbeardonceortwiceandasked,What’sgoingon?YourdaughterKhawlashutherselfupthismorningandrefusedtotalk

toanyoneuntilyouwereback,Salimasaid.Azzanputhisshoesbackonandreturnedtothecourtyard.Heknockedsoftlyonthedoortohisdaughters’room.Salimasighed.Apuffofcoldbreeze,agentlebriefrainpour.Winter

remindedherofherchildhood,thoughwhensherememberedchildhoodshefeltathinthreadofbitternesswrappingtightlyaroundherheart.Shewasfloatinginasoftgloomycloud;no,shewaslyingonjaggedrock.Shesawherfather.Shealwayssawhimintwoimagesthatcametoherina

Page 89: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

dream.Hewasbendingoverher,dropsofcoldablutionwaterdrippingfromhisbeard,tohoistherontohisshoulder,withherbrotherMuaadhonhisothershoulder.Intheotherimageheagedandthendied,allinacoldwinter.Salimahatedthewintertime.Itseemedtocarrythesmelloftheroughwoolblanketandthesheetthatshroudedherfather,andalsothecoalsthatwarmedtheroomwherehewasdying.Khawla’seyeswerepuffy,hernosebrightred.Herfatherhadbetrayed

her,shesobbed.Betrayedhispromisetohisbrotheronhisbrother’sdeathbed,andnowhemeanttosellherofftoAli,sonoftheEmigrant.Howcouldanyonethinkofcomingtoengageherwhenshewasalreadyengaged?Howcouldherfatherevenconsidertheideaofacceptingthissuitorandbetrayingherlateuncle?Khawlatalkedandtalked.Shewouldneverstoptalking,shesaidtoher

father,thewayMayyahadstoppedtalkingwhentheymarriedheroffwithoutanyoneaskingheropinion.MayyahadnothadaneducationbutKhawlahad,andshewouldkillherselfifherfatherinsistedonthismarriage.Shewasvowedtohercousin,thesonofherlateuncle,andhewasequallyvowedtoherandnocreatureonearthhadarighttooverlookthisfact.Azzanlistenedtohisdaughteruntilshehadsaidallshehadtosay.It

hurtbadly,listeningtoherandknowinghowlittlehehadgottentoknowthisdaughterwhowasbarelysixteenbutknewherselfwellenoughtowanttokillherselfforthesakeofacousinwhonoonehadheardfromforseveralyears.Khawla,trynottoworry,hesaidtoher.Itwillbeallright.Heleftthe

girls’roomandreturnedtothesittingroom.Hedidnotstoporturntospeaktoanyone,butcontinuedon,intohisownroom.TherainstoppedandAzzanlaywideawakeuntilmorning.

Page 90: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Myuncle’swifestoodinthecourtyardofhermodernpoured-cementhomeinWadiAday.Handsplantedonherhips,shescreechedatme.Yourfatherraisedyouwithanironfistanditcertainlydidn’tdoyouanygood!Youcan’tevenraiseafingertonameyourowndaughter,huh?Loondoon!Thisname–whatisit?Idon’tseemtorecallseeinganyonenaminghisgirlbabyal-AwafiorMatrahorNizwaorWadiAday.IfeltalaughcomingonbutImanagedtosuppressit.Mycousin

Marwan,whowasalsoknownasthePure,wassittingonthebenchjustinsidetheentrytothecourtyardandgazingatus,notsayingaword.Marwanwasalwayssilent,unlikehisbrotherQasimwhowasclosertomeinage.SoIwaspartialtothelittlerMarwan,tohissilentwanderingsandthewayhelosthimselfinthought.Ididn’tsayanythingtomyuncle’swife,whohadbrowbeatenmyuncleyearsbeforetogethimtomovethefamilyawayfromal-Awafioutoffearofmyfather’sheavyhand.Myuncle’swifesoldthathouseinWadiAdaysurroundedbytinyshopsaftermyuncle’sdeath.Myuncle’swifedidnotreturnthecorpseofMarwanthePuretoal-Awafitobeburiedinthegraveyardthere,whereeveryoneelsewasburied.Ididn’tactuallyhatemyuncle’swife.WhenIwassmallshelivedwith

myuncleandtheirchildreninthenorthwingofourhousebutsheinsistedondoingherowncookingforherchildrenwhilesheleftmyuncletoshareourfood.Allthetime,Iheardthesoundsofquarrellingbetweenherandthesisterofmyfatheranduncle,andmyuncle’sattemptstoreconcilethem.Iwouldbesittingonthebenchnexttoourfrontdoorafterthedawnprayerwhenshepassedby,abundleoflaundrybalancedonherhead,goingtothefalaj.Itwasarareoccasionwhensheturnedtospeaktomeandthenitwasalwaystoaskthesamequestion:

Page 91: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Whatdidyouhavefordinnerlastnight?Iwouldneveranswer.Itembarrassedme.Talkingaboutfoodwasconsideredshamefulinourhouse.IfIweretoaskZarifa,Whatareyoumakingforlunch?theonlyresponseIwouldgetwouldbe,You’llsee.Thatwasthewayitwaswithfoodinourhome.Wesawitwhenitwasinfrontofus,andweateitquicklywithoutanyconversation,washedourhandsandthankedGodanddidn’tsayaword,andheavenforbidwecriticiseanything!Butmyuncle’swifeaskedmethisstrangequestion,sooddwhenshemustknowthatourhouse–packedasitwaswithslavesandguestsateverymeal–wasnotthekindofplacewherefoodcouldremainasecret.Whywouldanyoneaskaboutit?Ifitwasn’tricewithlambandspicesitwasfishwithonionsandlemonanddriedsardines.Somuchwascertain.OnedayIsatwatchingtheotherchildrenplayingball.Iwashopingto

getintherewiththembutmyfatherhadforbiddenmetoleavethehouseunlessIwaswithhim.MyheartleaptwitheverygoalandIwouldscream,GOOOAAAL!asIjumpedupfromthebench.Myuncle’swifecameoutside,thewaterfromthebundleofnewlywashedclothesrunningdownintoherhairandherbodyamassofenergyandbalance.Seeingme,shelaughed.Didsomeonetieyouuphere,myboy?Andthen:Whatdidyouhavetoeatlastnight?Ijumpedupsofast,andIwassoclosetoher,thatIknockedthewetclothesshewascarryingoutofhergripandtheytumbledontothedirtasIshouted,Poison!Weatepoison,areyouhappy?Thesparksflewfromhereyes,butMasoudacameatjusttherightmomentandhustledmeaway.Masoudawaspantingundertheloadoffirewoodonherbackafter

spendingtheearlydawnhoursinthedesertoutsidethefarmsofal-Awafi,breakingoffdriedbranchesfromtheacaciatreesandwrappingtheminbundles.Laterinthedayshewouldturnthisfirewoodintocoalsthatcouldbesetbeneaththecauldronsthatheldourdinner.Earlythenextmorningshewouldbeoutthereagain,bendinglowtopickupanewbundleoffirewood.Don’tspeaktoher,shesaidtome,panting.Comeon,comeinside.Fromthatdayon,myuncle’swifeignoredmecompletelyandafewmonthslatershetookmyuncleandthechildrenandthey

Page 92: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

settledinWadiAdayinthecapitalcity.Ididn’thearthatquestionaboutwhatwewerehavingfordinnerever

again,untilIgrewupandtravelled.Then,Idiscoveredthatpeoplewouldtalkforhoursabouttheirfood.Televisionadsshowingopenmouthshappilyconsumingvariousdishesshockedme.Aroundme,peopleaskedeachotherinallsimplicity,Whatdidyouhavetoeat?Or,Whatareyougoingtohavefordinner?MysonSalimreturnsfromcollegeandbeforehesaysGoodeveningheasks,What’sforsupper?Ifhismother’sresponsedoesn’tpleasehimheturnsaroundandleavesthehouse,headingforthepizzatakeoutorMcDonald’s.

Page 93: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Khawla

AssoonasherfatherlefttheroomKhawlahurriedtothedoor,pullingittightlyshutasithadbeenbefore.Shestoodleaningagainstthewindow,breathingheavily.Ittookheramomenttonoticethattherainwascomingdownhard,andthenshesatdownonthefloor,herfacetowardwhereMeccawouldbe.Hermotherhadalwayssaidthatyourprayersareespeciallypowerfulwhenrainiscomingdown.Liftingherhandshigh,sherepeatedthesamesupplicationthatsheutteredattheendofeverysetofprayers,andwheneveritrained,andwhenshewasfasting.OLord,bringNasirbacktome.BringhimbackbeforeIdieofgrief.Sherestedherheadontheopenpalmofherrighthandandcurledup

inthefoetalposition.Shelovedlisteningtothesoundoftherain,andshelovedevenmorerunningbeneathitandfeelingthewetnessseepingallthewayintotherootsofherhair.Justthen,though,sheknewshewouldn’tdaregoanywherenearthesittingroomifsheweretogooutintotherainfirst,andtherewasnorealwaytohide.Onewayoranother,hermotherwouldcatchsightofher.Ifsheweretogooutside,itwouldevenbedifficulttoslipbyunnoticedintothegirls’roomtodryherselfoffbeforesomeonesawher.Sheturnedontoherbackandstaredattheceiling,thewhitefan,andtheneonstrip,hermindonNasir.Whentheywerelittle,theyhadplayedtogethereveryafternoonwith

theotherneighbourhoodchildren.Theyformedteams:onefromtheeasternquarterandtheotherfromthewesternquarter,eachteamchasingtheotherthroughallthelittlestreetsanddead-endalleysofal-Awafi.KhawlaalwaystriedtoavoidZayidbecausehewasforevercatchingholdofherbraidsandyankingthem.ShestayedclosetoNasirwhereverhewent.Mostoften,thetwoofthemslippedawayfromthecollectivetaggame.Nasirwoulddartovertothemuezzin’shousetopluck

Page 94: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

aredrosefromthelonerosebushinthecourtyard.Hewouldpokeitintoherbraidbuthealwaysforgotherwordsofcaution:Takethethornoffthestemfirst!Morethanoncearosefromthemuezzin’shousescarredherforehead.Khawlaturnedontoherside,layingherheadonherleftpalm,withthe

onepictureonthewallstaringather.Mayyahadhungittherebeforesheleftthisroomtogetmarried.Athingiltframeenclosedabroadpasture,thegreengrassextendingintothedistanceandmassedcloudsoverhead.Ofcoursetherewasnosuchthingintheworld!Mayyaalwaysprotestedthattherewas,inEngland.Alloftheseenormousgreenspaces?Howcouldthatpossiblybe?ThebiggestexpanseofgreenKhawlahadeverseenwastheirfarm,whereshe’dhidtheenvelopecontainingNasir’spicturebyshovingitintothesplitinthepalm-treetrunk.Hermemoryofthatdaywasvivid.Asthelightbegantofade,thegroup

ofboysandgirlsweretiringoftheirgames,andmostheadedhome.Nuraproposedanothergamethattheysometimesplayed:NamesandJobs.Eachchildwroteoutalistofnames,numbered,andlikewiseofjobs.Theneachchoseanumber,andthatwouldyieldthenameofafuturehusbandorwife,andajob.WhenAbdal-Rahman,JudgeYusuf’sson,chosenumbertwenty,Khawlawasthenamethatcameup.Nasirsaid,Changeyournumber!Abdal-Rahmanrefused.Nasirgotangryandfoughtwithhim,leavinghisnosebloody,allthewhileyelling,Khawlaismycousinandmywife,mine,weareengaged!Howoldhadshebeenwhenthathappened?Shecouldnothavebeen

morethannine.AndNasir?Perhapstwelve,ormaybeeventhirteen.Sherememberedhowhehadledherbythehandtohishomewhereheruncle’swidowofferedherdatesinclarifiedbutter,andhow,beforesheleft,hehadpressedtheenvelopeintoherhand.Insidewashispicture,whichhehadtornoffhisschoolcertificate.Sheremembered,too,howhermotherbeatherwhenshereturnedsolate,darknessalreadyfillingtheworldaroundher.Khawlaturnedontoherback,interlockingherfingersbeneathher

neck.Shedidnotmuchlikethisglossymilkybluepaintthattheroom

Page 95: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

hadbeencoveredinbutevenso,itwasaroomwhereshecouldfeelatease.Mayyawasnolongeralittlegirlwhenhermotherbegantalkingaboutaddingaspecialroomforthesisters,onethatdidnotopenontotheotherroomsandthatespeciallyremainedapartfromthesittingroom.Theirhomewasmadkhulashermotheralwayssaid–ahousepeopleflockedto,ahousethatwasalwaysfullofothers.Womenwerealwayscomingandgoing,andespecially,sittingandvisitinginthebigroom.Thesegirlsweregettingolder,theirwomanhoodwasbeginningtoblossom,andtheirmotherwantedtokeeptheminvisibletohervisitors’ever-curiouseyes.Anyway,theirmotherknew,itsimplywouldnotdoforthesegrowinggirlstoheartheconversationstheolderwomenwerealwayshaving,whichSalimareferredtoaswomen’sfoolishness.Khawlaandhersisterswelcomedtheidea.Aroomattheotherendof

thecourtyardwouldmeanAsmacouldbealonewithherbooks,asshepreferred,andKhawlawithhermirror,assheliked.AsforMayya,usuallyshedidhersewinginthesittingroom,anyway,exceptwhenitwasfilledwithwomenandhermothersignalledthatshemustleave.Shemustgotothegirls’room.Khawlasighed.ThatwasbeforeMayyahadgottenmarried.Sincethenshehadbeguntoshareinthewomen’sgatherings,bringingherscrawnylittleonewithher.Alargeredcarpetcoveredmuchoftheroom.Linedupagainstoneside

ofthewallstoodthreewoodenwardrobes,oneapiece.Hermotherhadgonetothecarpentertoorderthemspecially,choosingthedimensionsandthedecorativecarvingsforthemherself.ThatiswhyKhawladidn’thaveawardrobewithamirrortheheightofthedoor.Infact,theonlymirrorshehadwasthissmallrectangleinitsthinwoodframehangingonthewallfacingthewardrobes.ShehadtostandtalltocombherhairortoapplythenewlipstickthatMayyahadmanagedtogetforherinMuscat.Ontheirweddingnight,whatwouldNasirsaywhenhesawhowlongandsoftherhairwasnow?Asma’sbooksspilledoverfromhershelvesontoMayya’sshelvesnow,

becauseshehadsomanyofthesebooks.KhawlawasastonishedathowobliviousAsmaseemedtotheawfulboredomtheseancientbooks

Page 96: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

induced.TheonlybooksKhawlacouldbeartoreadweretranslationsofHarlequinRomances,booksthatAsmascorned,refusingtobeseenholdingthemforevenafewmoments.HerfriendNurahaddiscoveredthesenovelsonavisittoherrelatives

inMuscat.ShebroughtafewtoKhawla,whowassoonaddicted.Thesebookswerebeautifulstoriesaboutloveandtheyalwaystookplaceinforestsorgreenpasturesorverdantplains.Theheroinealwayshadadelicateprettinessandtheherowasalwaysstrongandhandsomeandnoble.Lyinginbedbeforeshedroppedofftosleep,KhawlawouldimagineherselfwithNasironthatremoteandlushislandshehadreadaboutinoneofthesenovels,thetwoofthemsurroundedbyanimalsandbirdsandthemagicalsoundsofnature.Nasir’sphotographremainedinherwardrobe,concealedamongthefoldsofherclothes,forseveralmonths,beforeNurawarnedherthathermothermightstumbleacrossit.Theyagreedthatthebestspotforitwasthebiggestpalm-treetrunkonherfather’sfarm.Therethepicturelaystuffedinsideitsenvelopeinthetreetrunk,hiddenbythepalmfronds.Khawlamadeherpilgrimagestothattreethroughouttheyearsofadolescence.Thatday,whenheruncle’swidowdisappearedintothekitchentogetthedatesandsamna,Nasirgrabbedherhandandsaid,Don’tevermarryAbdal-Rahman!Youareengagedtome.Iamthesonofyouruncle,afterall,nothim.KhawladidnotforgetNasir’swords.CertainlyNasircouldnothave

forgottenthemeither.Twoyears,orthree,orfive,whocared!Sowhatifhiscircumstanceshadkepthimfromreturning?Hemustbeverybusywithhisstudies,andhecouldn’tsendletterstoKhawlaoutoffearofhermother’sanger.Ofcoursenot.Hehadn’tforgottenher.Shewasengagedtohim,andshewouldwaitforhim.WhenNasirpassedhissecondaryschoolexaminationsandcansof

sodapopwerehandedroundtotheneighbourstocelebratetheoccasion,Khawlawasstillinmiddleschool.Deliriouslyhappy,shedrainedthreeentirecansofsodaallbyherself.Shegavehimaneye-catchingsilverpenthatNurahadboughtforherinMuscat.Asshelookedon,hekissedthepen,andshewassoembarrassedshealmosthopedtheearthwouldopen

Page 97: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

andswallowherup.HetoldherhehadgottenascholarshiptoCanada,andsheshouldstartnowtoprepareforthewedding,whichtheywouldhavethenextsummer,thenhecouldtakeherbacktherewithhim.Shecried,andshedrewredheartspiercedbyarrowsonthelonglettershewrote,andwhenshefoundshehadnopictureofherselftogivehim(that’swhattheheroinesinromancenovelsalwaysdid),sheimitatedwhathehaddoneyearsbefore.Shetorethephotooffhersixthgradeschoolcertificateandgaveittohim.Itwasanoldpicture;whathesawwasadazed-lookinglittlegirlinlongbraidswithablueamulethangingprotectivelyroundherneck.Lyingontheredcarpet,Khawlatossedrestlesslyandmoaned.The

rumourswhirlingaroundrefusedtodisappear.PeoplesaidNasirhadfailedhisfirstyear;theysaidhehadgotteninvolvedinthingsthathadnothingtodowithstudyandcouldn’tgetout;theysaidhewasn’tintouchwithanyoneherenow,notevenhismother;theysaidtheMinistryinMuscathadcutoffhisscholarshipmoneybecausetimeaftertimehehadfailedhisexams.Theysaidhewouldnotbecomingback.Well,letthemsaywhatevertheywanted!Nasirwouldcomeback.Hewouldcomebacktoher,toprettyKhawlawhohadwaitedforhim,whostillwaitedforhim,alwaystakinggoodcareofherself,preservingherlooksforhissakeandthesakeoftheirupcomingmarriage.Thebrownplasticbankmouldedintotheformofahousesatonthe

shelfinherwardrobe.Nooneknewitwasagiftfromhim,onthedayshepassedherfirstyearofmiddleschool.Everytimeshedroppedahundredbisaintotheslotthatbisecteditsroof,Khawlasworethatthemoneywouldreappearonlytopaythecostsoftheirwedding.Sothen,whowasthissonofEmigrantIssawhodaredtotrytowinherhand?Didn’theknowthatshewasalreadyengaged?Howcouldhebesoinsultinglybold?Andhowcouldtheyengagehertosomeonewhenshealreadyhadafirstcousinandwasvowedtohim?WAllahiwAllahiwAllahi!Maymythroatbeslit,myneckcarvedlikea

lamb,sliverbysliver,ifmyfamilyinsistsonmarryingmetothesonofEmigrantIssa.Iwillkillmyself,IsweartoGodIwill.

Page 98: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

ThroughtheairplanewindowIseestreamsoflightfarbelow,spillingfromcitiesalongthecoastlinetoarcintothesea.Theflowsoflightfollowaquiet,meanderingcourse,notatalllikethefiercespillsofwaterinal-AwafithatdrownedZayd.ThefloodscameaboutayearbeforeIfirstsawMayyaathersewing

machine.TheimageofZayd’sbodyswollenbyfloodwatershauntedme,chasingmethrougheverydreamIhad.ReturninghomeonthoseeveningswhenIhadstolenawaytohearthewailsofSuwayd’soud,IwouldfindZayd’sghostloominginfrontofmeallofasudden,blockingmyway.ItwasonlywhenIsawMayya,sosadandprettyandpale,bendingoverthesewingmachineasifshewereputtingherarmsaroundatinychild,thatIstoppedseeingZayd,whetherinmydreamsoronthedarkpathleadingbacktomyfather’shouse.Icameoutofmyheavymoods.Inthemelodiesandrhythmsof

Suwayd’soudIcouldalmostfeelmyselfdwindlingtonothing,alittlelikethewayIsensedmyselfdissolvinginthecloudypallorofMayya’sface.PerhapsIcameclosetobecomingafast-movinglittlestreammyself,arushofwaterreadytosweepawaythesewingmachineandplantmeinitsplace.Icouldnearlyfeelmyownearliest,inchoateself,myfleshrecreatedinMayya’sthinfingersonthefabric,inSuwayd’sthinfingersstretchedoverthestringsofhisinstrument.Ifonlymyfatherhadnotcaughtsightofme.Forsomereasonhehadn’tstayedinhisroomasheusuallydidafter

theeveningprayers.Havingassumedthathe’dsoughttherefugeofhisbedashedideverynight,IwentoutandZarifalockedthedoorbehindme.Webothknewshewouldunlockitbeforegoingtosleep.ButwhenIreturnedIfoundthedoorbolted.Istoodthereconfused

Page 99: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

andafraid.DiditmakesensethatZarifawouldforgetaboutme?Orhadsomeotherpersoncomealongafterherandlockedthedoor?Mybewildermentdidn’tlastlong.ThedoorwhippedopenandIsaw

myfather’sfacethroughthedarkness.Fattum’sboy...yes,Fattum’sson.Soyouthinkyou’regrandenough

togoagainstme,d’you?Me?You’ddisobeyme?Fattum’sson!Hebellowedalotofwordsatme,mostofwhichIdidn’tunderstandorevenhear–exceptmymother’sname.Ilostconsciousnessafterablowsomewheretomyhead.Heleftmebleeding,lyinginfrontofthegate.WhenIcameto,IcouldhearZarifaweepingbutIcouldn’tseeher.Whenhehadkickedme,Iyelled.Iamnotaboyanylonger!Iscreamed

myrageinhisdirection.AndIwillgooutatnighttohavesomefun.Likeanyotherguymyage.Butinfact,myvoicewastooweaktobeheard.Iknewitthen,andI

knowitnow.Sowhy,twenty-fiveyearslater,wasIshoutingatSalim,You’renotinbedyet?Wherehaveyoubeen?Areyousuchagrownman,then,thatyoucangoagainstmeandstayoutallnight?Hehadgottenhomeat2am.AsfarasIcouldsee,hewasdrunk.Ihad

moretosay,moretoshoutintohisface,butIdidn’trecognisethevoicethatwascomingfromme.Itwasn’tmyvoice.Myfather’svoice,intheblackfortressofthe

entrywaytohishome,bruisedmyfaceandhead.ThenextmorningIwasadjustingmyturbanasIgotreadytoleavewhenSalimcameintomyroom.Hestilllookeddrunkandhesaidtome,Dad,I’mreallysorry,reallyIam.Andthenhewentout.WhenIsaidtoMayya,furiously,andnotforthefirsttime,Itoldyou,

thissonofyoursisgoodfornothing,shemadeexcusesforhim.Hisexamswerejustover,shesaid,andallofhisclassmateswereoutonthetown.Hewasnotaboyanymore.

Page 100: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Viper

Zarifarappedhardonthedoor.Sanjar!Getouthere,boy.Hewasthereimmediately.Mama!Everythingallright?Shewouldnotcomeintohisroom.Theywalkedthroughthebroad

frontcourtyardoftheBigHouseandouttothelittlealleywaysthatwerepalelylitbythewanflowsoflightcomingfromthehousesoneitherside.IsittruewhatIheard,Sanjar?Isittrue,you’dleaveyourownhome

town,yourfamilytoo,you’dgoaway?Yes,it’strue,hesaid.Comewithmeifyouwantto.Shepouncedonhim,herarmssohardaroundhisneckthatshe

practicallythrottledhim.Yougiveyourlittlegirlthisstrangename,Rasha,whichnoonearoundherewouldevernameherdaughter,andyouwanttoleavetowntoo?Heshookoffhergriproughly.Hisvoicewasloudnow.Listen,Mama!I

don’tcarewhatmydaughter’snameis–yes,ifshe’dbeenaboyI’dhavenamedherMuhammadorHilalorAbdallah—What?Zarifashouted.MerchantSulaymanwouldkillyou!You’dgive

yourchildanamehegaveoneofhischildren?Areyoucrazy,boy?Whodoyouthinkyouare?Andwhoraisedyouinhisownhomeandgaveyouaneducationandgotyoumarried?Hespokethroughclenchedteeth.Listentome.MerchantSulayman

raisedmeand,yes,heputmethroughalittleschooling,andhefoundmeawife,butitwasallforhisownself-interest,allbecausehemeantmetoservehim,andtohavemywifeashisservanttoo,andthenmychildrenlateron.No,Zarifa,no!MerchantSulaymanhasnoclaimonme.Wearefree–thelawsaysso,free,Zarifa.Openyoureyes.Theworldhaschangedbutyoujustkeeponsayingthesamewordsoverandover:yahababi,yasidi,mymaster,myhonouredmaster.Whileeverybody’s

Page 101: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

gotteneducatedandgottenjobs,you’vestayedexactlywhereyoualwayswere,theslaveofMerchantSulaymanlikethatisallthereis.He’sjustanoldmanwhocan’tevenkeephishandssteady!Openyoureyes,Zarifa.Wearefree,andeveryoneishisownmaster,andnooneownsanyoneelse.IamfreeandIcantravelwhereverandwheneverIlikeandIcannamemychildrenwhateverIwanttonamethem.Ifit’swhatyouwant,thenstaywithhim,theoldfool.Fine.Juststaythen.Zarifawasonthepointofslappinghim,anautomaticresponseleft

overfromallthoseyearsofdevilishboyhood–yearswhichweren’tsofarbehindthem,afterall.Tooquickforher,hesteppedbackandwithherhandmissinghim,shelostherbalance,teeteredandfell,collidingwiththebaseofthewall.Awomanfromthevillagehappenedtobeinthesamealleyway.

HearingZarifa’ssobs,sheranover.Likeawomaninmourning,Zarifathrewherarmsupandclappedthemaroundhershoulders.Theirheadstogether,shaking,theysobbed.Theboy’sgone,theboy’sgoneandleftme,hetalksjustlikehisfather.He’smakingnosense,likehispapa,andhe’sgoingawaylikehimtoo.Free,free!That’swhathealwayssays.Hisfathertormentedmewithsuchtalk.Icouldn’tbelieveitwhenHabibleftandnowhissonheresoundsjustlikehim.Free,notslaves!Whatdoesanyofthismattertome?Iwantmysonherewithme.Thatviperwomanofhisputsideasinhishead,shetellshimtoleavemeandgoaway,shewantsmyhearttoburntoashes.Andwhere’shetogo?What’llheworkat?Whowillfeedhimandkeephimsafe?Myson,myboy,myonlyone,he’sgone,gone...Theotherwoman,herarmsaroundZarifa,wassobbingjustashard.Butitwasn’tSanjar’swife,Shanna,who’dhadtheidea,evenifshewas

readyenoughtoencourageit.SoonafterShanna’sfather,Zayd,haddied,theyearbefore,Zarifa

announcedtotheyoungwomanthatshewouldbetrothhertoSanjar.Shannahadbeendeliriouswithjoy.Gettingmarriedmeantgettingoutofhercollapsinghouseandawayfromherfamily,andthatwasthemostshecouldhopefor.Marryinganymanonthefaceoftheearthwoulddothat.

Page 102: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Sanjarhadnothing,ofcourse,butshe’dlearnedthathewashopingtogoawaysoonerorlater,leavingthisentirecountrybehind.Shewasboredwithal-Awafi–itspeople,itsanimals,themountainsandfarms–andshesharedSanjar’sfierceyearningforanewlifeinaplacefarawaywherethereweren’tanypoorpeople,orwhereatleast,maybe,theycouldclimboutofthepovertythatdoggedthemhere.Shewasfedupwithbeingpoor,withthefilthandthebeggingthatwentalongwithhavingnothing.Shewastiredofalifethatheldnotouchofstyleorrefinement,or–andthiswaslikelyworse–alifeinwhichshewasalwaysabletoseenicethingsbutnevertohavethem.Shewastiredofcarryingwateronherheadeverymorningandevening,ofthesmokefromtheircookingfiresandthedustcloudshestirredupwhenevershehadtosweepthehouse.Butwhatreallydisgustedher,morethanal-Awafianditspeopleandanimalsandpovertyandservice,washermotherMasouda.EversinceShannahadopenedhereyesonlife,thismotherofhershad

beenabentandtwistedcreature–acrookedformwhoselashlesseyeswereswollenandwhosehandswereeverdryandcracked.WhenShannagotolder,shewouldhearthathermother’spermanentlybowedbackwastheresultofconstantlystoopingovertheshort-handledbroomshe’dalwaysusedtosweepthecourtyard,andofcoursefromcarryingheavyloadsoffirewooddayafterday.ShannaavoidedMasoudaasmuchasshepossiblycouldandshowed

heraversionasthoroughlyasagirlcoulddowithoutstirringuptoomanycommentsorrumours.Andasifthisill-starredmother’smiseryweren’tenough,herhusband’sdeathhadleftherinapeculiarcondition.She’sgoneoutofhermind,ofcourse,Shannamutteredtoherselfrepeatedly,justasshesaidtoeveryoneelse.Shecouldnotunderstandhowherfathercouldhavefeltanythingatallforthiswomanwhohadspentherentirelifecarryingwoodandsweepingthefloor.IthadalwaysastonishedShannatofindthetwoofthemspendingthelongeveningstalking,evenlaughingtogethersometimes.Herfatherwasastrongman–why,hewasknownasthefellowwhocouldhoisttwohugesacksofriceortwoenormousbagsofdateswithoutanyshowofstress.Forhermother,he

Page 103: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

hadbuiltthishouseoutofgypsumwithhisownhands.He’dhadthemeanstomarryanotherwomanbuthedidn’t.Hestuckwiththisstrangewifeofhis,seeminglyfondofherandheroddways.Manytimes,Shannahadsaidtoherself,Ifhehadmarriedsomeoneelsethenmaybenowshe,Shanna,wouldhavebrothersandsisterswhocouldsharesomeoftheirritatingburdenofthismother.ButasZarifa–soontobecomehermother-in-law–wouldalwayssay,Thebeastofburdenismadeforburdens.Howcouldsheknowwhatmighthavehappened,anyway?Likelythose

imaginarybrothersandsisterswouldhavewashedtheirhandsofhermother,becauseshewasonlytheirfather’selderwife,andtheywouldhaveleftShannawithallthemiseryandtoiloftakingcareofher.InanycaseSanjarwouldemigrateashisfatherhaddonebeforehimandthenShannawouldberidoftheworryandthedrudgery.Shewouldnolongerhavetohearthismonotonoustinnyinsistentvoicethatmadethebaseofherskullvibrate.I’moverhere!It’sMasouda.I’mMasoudaandI’mhere.Alwaysthatvoice,embarrassingShannainfrontoftheneighboursandshamingherbeforeallthepeopleofal-Awafi.Shehatedthem.Shehatedthemall.

Page 104: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

NosoonerdidMuhammadfreehimselfofhisobsessiveattachmenttothewhirlingfanthanhebecameengrossedinanothergame:openingandshuttingthedoor.Hespentallofhiswakinghoursyankingitopenandthenbangingitshut,overandover,withneverapause.Wetrieddesperatelytointeresthiminsomeotheractivity,anything,ortogethimtorepeatthefewunconnectedwordshecouldpronounce.Allwasinvain.WhenIleftthehouse,Muhammadwouldalwaysinsistthathismother

stayimmediatelynexttohimasheopenedandclosedthedoor.Shedidnotsayaword.WhenI’dhadenoughofthecompanyofmyfriendsandthecaféswesatin,IwouldreturnhometofindthetwoofthemexactlyasIhadleftthem.Muhammadwouldberepeatinghisrandomwordslikeaparrot,hismotherthereathisside.Eventually,outofsheerexhaustionhewouldcollapseandfallsleep.Shewouldgotosleepimmediately,wakinguponlywhenhedid.OnedayIcamebackwhenMayyawastakingabath.Thesoundofthe

dooropeningandshutting,openingandshutting,openingandshutting,begantoerodemysanity,anditwasallIcoulddotokeepfromknockingMuhammad’sheadagainstthatdoorofhisorcuffinghim.Iwishedhewouldopenthewindowinsteadofthedoor,perchthereforamoment,andflyrightthroughit.Yes,IwantedMuhammadtoflyoutthewindowlikethebirdsandnevercomeback,ifonlythatwouldstopthisunending,never-changingsoundforgood.

Page 105: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Salima

AzzaninformedSalimathathehadacceptedtherequestmadebyKhalid,sonofEmigrantIssa,forthehandofhisdaughterAsma,andthathehadexcusedhimselftotheEmigrant’sfamilyfornotacceptingKhalid’sbrotherforKhawla,tellingthemthatshehadalreadybeenreservedforhercousin.Salimaflashedhimanangrylook.Hercousinwho?shesnapped.Nasir,

thatboywehaven’theardapeepfrominmorethanfouryears?Whoneverhasaskedafterusorher?SincewhenisKhawlareserved?Whatisthistalk?Whereishe,thiscousinofhers?Outonthestreetslikeatramp,miserablefellow,somewhereinCanada–andwerefusesomeonewhoreallywantstomarryourgirl?Azzanturnedhisfaceaway.Ihaverespondedtothemandthereis

nothingmoretosay.IfyouwanttomakepreparationsforyourdaughterAsma’sweddingandagreewiththewomeninKhalid’sfamilyaboutthedowryandthearrangements,thengoahead.ButKhawla–no.Hethrewawoolshawloverhisshouldersandwentoutashedidevery

night.Salimawalkedquietlyintothemiddleroom.Mayyawasasleep.She

pickedupthebaby,undidherswaddlingandbeganrubbingoilandsaltintoherreddenednavel.ThetinygirlopenedhereyesandstaredatSalima.Thebaby’sgrandmothercouldnotkeepbackatearortwoassherememberedMuhammad,whohaddiedasanursingbaby.ShewastryingnottorememberHamad–Hamadwhomthisbabysoresembled,thesonshehadlost.Shedidn’twanttorememberhimatall.Shewrappedthebabyupagaintightlyandsettledthelittlebundleon

herlap.Sheexaminedherfaceforamomentandclosedhereyes.Openingthem,itwasnothergranddaughterthatshesaw.Shedidn’t

Page 106: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

evenseeMuhammadorHamad,hertwodeardepartedones,nordidsheseeAzzan’sglumface.Hereyesweren’ttakinginthebluepaintonthewallsortheshelvessetintotheirthicknesses,wheretheporcelainsatondisplay.Whatshesawwasheruncle’shouse.Heruncle’shouse?No,whatshereallysawwasthethinlinewherethe

highthickwallofthatfortressmetthesky.Howmanyyearshadploddedbyassheleanedagainstthekitchen’s

outsidewall,listeningtotheslavewomenquarrellinginsideandtheslavemen’sjokesandshoutingontheotherside,thechildrenscreamingandfightinginthecourtyard,thehigh-pitchedscreechofheruncle’swifebeltingoutcommands.AndnooneeverlistenedtoSalima,andnooneeverspoketoher.Somanyyearshadpassedassheleanedthere,againstthatwall,

unseenandunheard,staringatthelinewherethewallmetthesky.Manytimessincethosedays,shehadtriedtorememberwhather

feelingswereassheleantthereslumpedagainstthewall.Didshefeelanysadnesswhenshelearnedherfatherhaddied?Didshefeelanylongingsforhermother?Wassheangry?Shedidn’trememberanyofthesethings,thoughshetried.Allsherecalledwasasunsobrightithurthereyesandtheodourofkitchensmokeeverywhere.Shedidrememberonesensationespeciallywell:hunger.Peopleusedtotalk,backthen,abouttheimpactoftheworldwar,the

terribleinflationandalloftheunrestamongthetribes,butshedidnotunderstandwhatanyofithadtodowiththewayheruncle’swifestaredatherniece’shandsandmouthasthefamilyatetheirmainmiddaymeal.Eversinceherfather’sdeath,whenherunclehadinsistedonmovingherandMuaadhtohishome,Salimahadforgotwhatbreakfasttastedlike.Theadultsdrankcoffeeandatedatesbutshealwayswaitedforlunchtimetocome.Whentheyhadguestsfromanothertribe,Salimacouldsmellthe

fragranceofmeatgrilling,andthebrothandfreshlybakedpaper-thinbreadasthevisitingmenatewithheruncle.Thenshe,heruncle’schildrenandhiswifegatheredaroundtheleftoversontheenormoustray

Page 107: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

thathadbeenpreparedfortheguests.Usuallytherewasn’tanythingmorethanalittlebrothandsomeboneswithhardlyanymeatonthem.Heruncle’schildrenfoughtovertheremnantsoffoodwhileheruncle’swifetrainedhereyesonSalima’shand.Salimawouldfeelherhandmustbehugeeverytimeshereachedtowardthetray.Hermouthwasverybigandugly,shewascertain.Whenthereweren’tanyguests,lunchwasdriedsardinesthathadbeenpoundedandmixedwithonion,lemonandwater,alongwithafewdates.Ricewassoexpensivethatonlyinvalidswerefedit.Shehatedtheacridsmellofthedried-outsardinesbutsincemostofthetimeshewassohungrythathertummyached,sheatethemixtureanyway.Yes,hunger.Thatwaswhatsherememberedofherlifeinheruncle’s

home.Thebaby’sshrillcrydemandedSalima’sattention.Shewashungry,of

course.Mayya,sangouthermother,getyourselfupnow,nurseyourbabygirl.Mayyastruggleduprightandmanagedtonurseherbabyuntilthe

infantfellasleep.Shelaydownagain,stretchingoutquietlyonhermat.Hermothercarriedinabigsmoothstone,laiditoverthelitcoals,andafewmomentslaterwrappeditinatoweltopreserveitsheatwhileprotectingMayya’sskinfromscorching.Mayyaexposedherbellyandhermotherplacedthestonethere,wrappingherandthestoneuptogetherlikeapackageinatatteredoldlengthoffabric.TwiceeverydayforfortydaysMayyahadtoenduretheaddedheatofthestoneonherbellysothathermiddlewouldnotcollapseintoflabbypost-birthwrinkles.Thestonedidnotannoyherhalfasmuchasdidthetightlywrappedcloth,overherbellyandaroundherbody,nightandday,forfortywholedays,untilshewascleansedofherafterbirthandwouldemergewithasleek,tautbelly.Enteringtheroom,Asmabrokeintoasmileatthesightofthe

swaddledstoneonMayya’smiddle.I’llbegoingtobuythegold,Salimasaidtoher.Andtheclothesandweddingchest,allforyourwedding.Nextmonth.Asmanodded,smilingtoherself,anticipatingherownexperienceof

Page 108: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

motherhood.Whywasn’tthereevenonebook,amongallofthevolumesonhershelves,whichsingledoutmotherhoodastheradiantexperienceitmustbe?Hadhergrandfather,ShaykhMasoud,whoselibraryhermotherhadinherited,notbeeninterestedinmotherhood?Orwerebooksingeneralreticentonthissubject?Shedidn’tknowtheanswertothatone,sinceshehadneverseenanotherlibraryinherlife.

Page 109: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

AzzanandQamar

Azzan’sheadlayinQamar’slap,hiseyesfixedonthestarsglitteringinthesoftcleardesertsky.Shewasglidingherfingertipsalonghislashesandbrowsandflickingoffthegrainsofsandclingingthere,puttingtheminhermouth.Hewasaccustomedtothisgestureofhersnow,soitnolongerstartledhim.Hefloatedintheecstasyofherwords,capturedbyherintensitywhichneverseemedtolessen,herzealousattentiontohouse,camels,workandbrother.Whenshesuddenlywentsilentherubbedhischeekagainstherhand.Keeptalking,Iloveyourvoice.Shelaydownnexttohiminthesand.Fingersinterlacedbeneaththeirheads,togethertheygazedattheconstellationUrsaMinorwhichwasunmistakeableatthistimeofyear.Youspeak,whisperedQamar.Youhardlyeversayanything.Azzansighed.Butamomentlaterhedidbeginspeaking.Hetoldher

aboutalong-agowoundthatwasstillalive.HissonHamad.Frombirth,Hamadhadbeenaweakandwan-lookingbaby.His

motherexpectedhimtodieatanymoment,ashadherfirstbaby,Muhammad,whohaddiedbeforehewaseventwomonthsold.ShehadHamadwearingeverykindofamuletthatshecouldgetashaykhtoprescribe.Azzanlostthehopeshehadhadfortheboy.ButHamadlived.Histinybodyfoughthard,resistingthefateofhis

brother,andhemadehiswayinlife–andwhatlifetherewasinhim!Soconstantlyinmotionwastheboythathecouldbarelyeatorsleep.Itwasalmostimpossibletoseehimstillorquiet.Hewasalwaysscamperingaroundorchatteringaway.Azzanbegantolethimselfhope.Thisboywouldbehissuccessor.This

boywouldcarryhisfather’slegacy–hisnameandproperty.Thiswastheboyonwhomhewoulddependinhisoldage.Hamad’smotherlefthis

Page 110: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

hairalonetogrowlonglikeagirl’s,hopingtofoolthejinn,toevadethedestructiveenvythatmighttargetherson.Theleatherandsilveramuletswerestillthere,concealedunderhisclothing,untilhereachedtheageofeightanddied.Hecouldn’tdodgefate,ashisparentshadalwaysworriedandsilently

suspected.Butdeathtookitstime.Deathgavetheirheartstimetoswell,yearsenoughtogrowheavywithloveforhim,andonlythenittookhim.Qamarswallowed.Whathappenedtohim?Azzansmiledslowlyandclosedhiseyes.Whathappenedtohimwas

whathappenedtotheRangeRover.RangeRover?Youmean,acar?Azzan’sthinsmileturnedtoabittersmirk.Yes,thegreenRangeRover.WhenthefeverstruckHamaddownanditwasnolongeranyuseto

rubherbalpreparationsontohisburningbody,Salimawalkedtoheruncle’shouse.ShaykhSaidhadgrownoldbythenbuthehadnotgrownsoftenoughthathisheartwouldmeltatherentreaties.ShepleadedwithhimtorememberhisbrotherShaykhMasoud,herfather.Shebeggedhimtobemerciful,tothinkofhisfaith.Shespokeinthenameofthegenerosity,highmindednessandhonourbefittingashaykh.Everythingshecouldpossiblythinkof,shesaid,asamotherwhosechildwaslaceratedbyfever.Hisresponsedidn’tchange.TheRangeRoverdoesn’tleaveal-Awafi

unlessI’minit.ThenextdayHamad’sfevershotevenhigher.Theboywasdelirious.

ThistimeAzzanwentwithSalimatoheruncle’shouse.Azzantalkedtotheshaykhforalongtime,explainingthathisson’sconditionwasverybadandgrowingworse,andtheonlycarinal-AwafiwasShaykhSaid’sRangeRover,andtheyneededtorushHamadtoSaadaHospitalinMaskad.Iftheywentbydonkeyitwouldtakefourorfivedays,toolongtosavetheboy.AzzanwouldpaywhateverShaykhSaidaskedforandwouldcoverthedriver’spayaswell.ShaykhSaidsaid,Idon’thaveanythingmoretosay.TheRangeRover

doesn’tleaveal-Awafi,andyoursoncangetwellwithoutthosedoctors.

Page 111: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Allchildrengetfeversandthenthey’refine.AzzanandSalimalefthishouseavoidinglookingatthegreenvehicle

hunchedatthedoor.ShaykhSaidhadboughtittwoyearsbefore.Whenhisdriverbroughtitgrandlyintoal-Awafi,absolutelyeveryonecameoutoftheirhomestowitnessit.EvenShaykhSaid’sancientmother,leaningonherslavewomen,cameouttoseeit.Butwhensheheardthemotorandsawitsblackwheelswhirling,shethrewarockatit,callingouttothepeopleofal-AwafithatitwastheworkoftheDevil.Herrockbrokeoneofthewindows.ShaykhSaidorderedherwomentotakehismotherinside,threateningthatiftheyeverbroughtheroutagainwhenthecarwasthere,hewouldwhipthemthenandthere,infulldaylightforalltosee.Fromthatdayon,thecarneverbudgedexceptwhenShaykhSaidoccupiedthefrontpassengerseat.Ifoneofhiswiveswasinthecarhecoveredallthewindowswithcurtains.Salimacriedallthewayhome.NowAzzan’sdreamsheldonlyone

image:thecarhemusthave.HesworehewouldtakepermissiontobuyonefromtheSultanhimself,asShaykhSaidhaddone.Hewouldownacarevenifhehadtosellhisfarm–hiswholeinheritance–todoit.ButHamaddidn’twaituntilhisfatherfilledhisvow.Thefeverkilled

himfirst.Theyremovedhisclothesandhisamulets,andtheyerectedtheritual

benchmadeofdrieddate-palmfibreinthecourtyard.Neighboursbroughtbucketsofwaterfromthecanaltowashhim.Theysprinkledhimwithincenseandperfumedhimwithaloes-woodoil,andwrappedhisbodyinawhiteshroud.Thefuneralprocessionmarchedtothegraveyardwestofal-Awafi.JudgeYusufsaidtoAzzan,Yoursonisinheaven,andhewillbethere

tobringyoucoldwaterwhenyouarethirsty.Youknow,Azzan,thatyourchildwillserveyouinheaven,onthedayofJudgement,aslongasyouarepatientwithGod’swill.BeconsoledforitwasGodwhotookyourson.Azzansaidnothing.Hedidnotsaytothejudgethathehadwantedhis

sontobringhimcoldwaterinhisoldage,stillonearth.Heborehimselfwithresignationaswasexpected,andshookhandswiththosewhocame

Page 112: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

tooffertheircondolences.Heshookeveryhandthatwasoutstretchedtohis,evenShaykhSaid’s.TearsfellfromtheMoon’seyes.Aah,it’struewhattheproverbsays:

Everyfatherknowsmiseryandpain.FromHamad’sburialtothisday,Azzantoldher,hehadneverspoken

abouthisson.Onlynow.Sheturnedtohim.Evenwithhismother?Heshookhishead.Especiallynotwithhismother.Astheyspoke,Salimawasslippingcautiouslyoutofahouseinal-

Awafi.Shehadjustcomefromaveryimportantappointment.Shewalkedquickly,sothatshewouldbecertaintobebackathomebeforeAzzancouldreturnfromhiseveningwiththeBedouinmen.Shetriedtoavoidthinkingabouthowdarkithadbeeninthere,or

abouttheconditionssetforthispeculiaragreement.Butthelastsentencethemanhadsaid,whenshewasalreadyatthedoor,poundedinsistentlyinherhead.Don’tworry,BrideoftheFalaj!Ugh,shethought.Thesepeoplewhoneverforget!Herdaughterhadmarriedandgivenbirth,andanotherdaughterwasengaged,butpeoplestillcalledherbythishatefulnickname.Angry,shequickenedherpace,wantingtobeathome.

Page 113: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

WhenMayyahadgotthroughherfortydays,Ibroughtherhome,backtoourlivingquarters,asmallwingattachedtomyfather’shouse.Shestayedthere,secluded,closingherearstothewordsthathadspreadthroughal-Awafilikefireacrossdrywood.PeoplewerewhisperingaboutarelationshipbetweenherfatherandanenticingBedouinwoman.AtthattimeIwasdrivingmyfather’swhiteMercedesbetweenMuscat

andal-Awafiseveraltimeseveryweek.IspentmylongcommutesmusingthatthepeacefulhappinessIenjoyedwasalmosttoomuchforme.Wasittoomuch,thisfeelingthatIhaditall?Itmademenervous.DidIdeservesuchhappiness,ordidn’tI?Ahappymandrivinghis

father’scartohisownhome,wherethewifehelovesholdstheirchild,andwherehisfatherpresides,stillaliveandevenhealthy.That’swhatIwas,ahappyman.Simplythat.Ayoungman,barelypast

hisfirsttwentyyears,whosedreamsreachednofurtherthanwhathehadinhishands.Buthewasalittleafraidofwhatheheldinhishands.ThedarkinterioroftheMercedes,theglancinglightreflectedintheshinybuttonsontinyLondon’sclothes,thedropsofwaterfallingfromMayya’shairatdawn,theflashoftheneedleinherhandasshesewedfabricflowersontoBabyLondon’sgowns,myfather’sraresmiles.InallofitIsaw–me,theso-very-luckyman–thatthishappinesswasalotformetobear.Itwastoomuchforme.SomehowIknewthat–whateverthereason,andIhadnoideawhatitmightbe–Iwasnotworthyofallthisjoy.

Page 114: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Zarifa

Ah,Zarifa!YouwerewrongtobelievethatHabibhadgoneforever.No,Zarifa,itdoesn’tworklikethat.Habibwascarefultoplanthisseedsinhisson.Theyoungshootswouldgrowtoprickandwoundyou,justasHabibgaveyoupain.Habib,whetheryouarelyingcoldinsomefarawaygrave,orwhether

youdrownedintheShattal-Arab,orwhetheryou’reevenstillaliveandmakingmoneyinDubaiorBaluchistan,whereverandhoweveryoumaybenow,ifonlyyoucouldhaveleftusbeforeyousowedtheDevil’sownseeds!Wearefree,Mother.Freeaccordingtothelaw.Andwewillnameour

childrenwhateverwelike.Yoursonwentmad,Zarifa.No,itwasn’tonaccountoftheviperhe

married,thatwomanwhowassorebelliousandsodisrespectfultohermother,itwasn’tshewhoinsinuatedtheseideasinhishead.Itwastheseed,theonehisfathercarefullyplantedbeforehecoulddisappear.Ayy,Habib!ThemoreIwantedtoforgetyouandthewretchedtrouble

youmade,thelargeryourseedgrewinmyeyes,grewandgrewuntilthepressurewastoogreatandmyeyesexploded.MerchantSulayman–whoraisedhimandsupportedhim,andputhim

throughschool–hecalledtheravingmadoldman.Can’theseethatwegrewupbythegraceofthatoldman?Ifitweren’t

forhim,we’dbebegginginthestreetsnoworcallingouttopassers-byforamouthfulofrice,likepitifulManeendoes.Free...wearefree.ThisboySanjarwantstodisrespectyouandleave,justlikehiswifethe

viperscornedhermotherandlefthertothecharityoftheneighbourhoodwomen.

Page 115: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Poor,poorMasouda.Yes,shewasjealousofyou,Zarifa,allthosedayswhenyoudidn’thavetogooutintothedesertatsunrisetogatherwoodasshedid.Allofyourworkwasinsidethehouse,andwhenyouwentouttodrawwaterfromthefalaj,youusedtheoutingasanopportunitytovisitthewomenyoulikedintheneighbourhood.Butshe,poorthing,hadtobenddoublefromtheburdenofthewoodonherback,dayafterday,yearafteryear.Shewaspatientaboutallthetoilandmisery,andaboutherhusband.

NosoonerwouldZaydfinishwithonewomanthanhewouldgoafteranother.Whatdoyouhavetosay,Zarifa?SeekGod’sforgiveness!Thedeaddeserveonlymercy.Godhavemercyonhim,hewasalsomyrelative.Andtheproverb-makersays:Yournoseisstillyourownevenifit’sputridtothebone.Godgivehimmercy.Now,here’shergirlShanna,witheyeslikeatiger’s–butwhodoyou

blame,Zarifa?YouinsistedthatSanjarmarryherbecauseyouworriedoverhim.Areyouatpeacenow?Hewantstogofaraway,andhesaystoyou,Comewithus.Gowithyouwhere?So,weshouldleavethelandthat’sours,theplace

wherewelive,thecountryofourfamilyandourancestorsforsomestrangeworldwherewedon’tknowthepeopleorwhat’swhat?AndMerchantSulayman–whowillwatchafterhim?Whowillbakehisbread?Hissisterwhosenoseispermanentlyintheair?WhatshedidtopoorFatima,tothatpoorwoman,motherofAbdallah!Godgivehermercy.Peoplehavenomercyinthisworld.Howcanyouleaveal-Awafi,Zarifa,whenyoubarelyknowanyother

spotinGod’swideworld?It’sallyourfault,Habib,allofit.ThewordsyoukeptrepeatinginfrontofSanjarwhentheboywasstillinnappies.Yourwildsavagelaughinthedepthsofthenightstilltearsmyheart

apart.Yourcountryandyourancestors’country?Whatancestors,Zarifa?Yourancestorsaren’tfromhere.Theywereasblackasyouare,theywerefromAfrica,fromthelandsfromwheretheystoleyou,allofyou,andsoldyou.It’suseless,Zarifa,totrytellingthismanthatnoonestoleyou.That

Page 116: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

youwerebornaslavebecauseyourmotherwasaslaveandthat’sthewaylifeis.Thatslaverypassestoyoufromyourmother.Thatnoonestoleyou,andal-Awafiisyourplace,itspeopleareyours.Habibspatinyourfacewheneveryousaidsuchthingstohim.Hedid

notwanttobanishthatmemory,toforgettheterrifyingjourneythatendedhiscalm,pleasantlifeinMakran.Thesecondchildofhismotherwhohadfiveboysinall,herememberseverything:thelocalgangsthatattackedtheirvillagewantingmoney,orperhapstopayoldscores;themerchants,ajumbleofBaluchsandArabs,whoboughtthem,thereontheplains;thefilthycrammedshipsthosemerchantspackedtheminto;theeyediseasethatspreadfastfromonechildtothenextonshipboard;hismother’sscreamingforherotherchildren,who’dbeenshovedontootherboats;thenursingbabywhodiedofsmallpoxwhileonherbreast,sotheslavetraderssnatchedhimawayandthrewhimintothesea.Wearefree.Theystoleus,andthentheysoldus!hewouldscreamin

themiddleofthenight,atdawn,inthezarexorcisms:Free!Theydiduswrong,theydestroyedus.Free!Heandhismotherweresoldwhentheyreachedtheeastcoastof

Oman.Theslavetraderssoldthemtootherslavetraders,untilfinallyMerchantSulaymanboughtthem.Habib’smotherweptforyears.Peopleinal-Awafiweresympatheticwhentheyheardherstory,butnoonecouldfindoutwhereherotherchildrenhadbeensent,andasforherbeingreturnedtoherownland,thatwasoutofthequestion.Anyway,highwaymenandpirateswouldsimplystealherandsellheragain.Therewasnodoubtaboutthatinanyone’smind.

Page 117: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

AzzanandQamar

AzzanheldNajiya’sfacebetweenhishandsasherepeatedthelinesthatMajnunhadsaidtohisLayla.

Lightthedimnesswithyourglowoncethefullmoondips

andshineinthesun’ssteadwhilstlazydawntarries

Yourradianceoutdoesthebrightestsuntherebe:

itcanneverthieveyoursmile,stealyourpearlymouth

Theresplendentnight,yourcountenance!tho’thefullmoonrise

amoonbereftofyourbreast,ofthisgracefulthroatIsee

Whencewouldthemorningsuneverfindareadykohl-stick

toetchforitspalefacetheselanguideyesofyours?

WhatstarrysirencanmimecoyLaylawhenherformspiralsaway

orhereyes,thewinsomestartledpoolsofthesands’wildmare?

Najiyalaughedquizzically.Thesands’wildmares?Azzanstrokedherface.Thisisthemostbeautifulsortofanimal,

Qamar,andLayla’sCrazedLovertellsyouforcertain,Qamar,myMoon,thatyourbeautyisagiftfromtheCreator.Thatfromyoustreamsmorelightthanthesunandmoontogethercanevergive,andthatyoureyesaremorebeautifulthantheeyesofthewilddesertmare.Herbeautywassostrongithurthim;hersharpglowsplinteredhis

chestwithamurkyroilingpain.Allhecoulddothenwastorecitepoetrytoher.Beforesheknewhim,nameslikeal-Mutanabbi,Ibnal-Rumi,al-Buhturi,andMajnunLayla–Layla’sCrazedLover–werejustpaleghostsfrombooks,lifelessfiguresthatbelongedtothehatedworldofschoolandtheboringbooksfullofwordsthey’dhadtomemorise.Azzanmadethesedeadimagesbreathe.Najiyabegantofeelal-Mutanabbi’sinsomnia,his

Page 118: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

ambitionsandhisfrustrations,asiftheywereherown.Sheimaginedal-BuhturisittingontherighthandoftheCaliphMutawakkil,thetwoofthemgazingoutacrossthelakethatal-Buhturiimmortalisedinhispoetry.TheimageofImru’l-Qayspursuedbythenightthatlowereditscurtainsoverhimlikethewavesoftheseadazzledher.Now,shewouldendherlongeveningchatswithAzzanbychantingImru’l-Qays’swords–al-yawmukhamrunwa-ghadanamrun–Winewe’lldrinktoday,tomorrow’scommandthey’llbray–toremindhimoftheheavytasksthatwerewaitingforherthenextday.Thoughshefeltsomesympathyforal-Maarriinhisblindness,shedidn’tunderstandhispoemsnordidshelikehisinsistencethatthesurfaceoftheearthismadeofnothingbuttheremnantsofbodies.Najiyawasallforlife.Shewaspassionateaboutit,andpoeticlinesthatcelebratedloveandthetribalzealofolddelightedher.Shecouldnotwarmuptopoemsofquietcontemplation,apuritanwithdrawalfromlife,ortheSufimysticalway.Itdidn’thelpthatAzzanwouldsinkintoastateofgloomatthevery

thoughtofthelateJudgeYusufwithwhomhehadlearnedthispoetryandtheSufiwayofspiritualpassionthatsatsouneasilynow,forhim,withhiscravingsforNajiya.OnedayshewitnessedAzzanslideintoanunfathomablegriefafterhebeganrepeatingthelinesbyShaykhSaid,sonofKhalfanal-Khalili,whohadbeen,hetoldher,animportantscholarandpoliticalleaderoftheirregioninthenineteenthcentury,theright-handmanoftheImamAzzan,sonofQays,andatthesametimeamanofsteelywillwhocouldrenounceworldlythings.

NeitherexertionnoracceptancecanIclaimtopossess

onlyamereaffinityinwhichIfindmypride

NorhaveIstrengthtowishmyselfintotheirclutches

howcanmywished-forgoalbetheirsandnotbewrong?

Mypurposeistoseenowilled-forpurposethere

theessenceofwillthisis,thewish-eyeoftheblind.

Astimewenton,NajiyabeganreactingtoAzzan’snervouspoetic

Page 119: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

intensitybyrecoilingfromanymentionofpoetry,Oratleastshetriedtoplacelimitsonitinherownmind,byreducinganythingsmackingofpoetrytoherownfanciesaboutthesepoetswhohadlovedlife,orwhohadgoneovertheedgeasaresultofmeetingbeautifulwomen,amongwhomshesawherself,ofcourse,andespeciallyLayla,belovedofal-Majnun,theCrazed.

Page 120: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Myauntisenormouslytall.WhenIwaslittleIusedtothinkofherasaskeletalminaretsoaringoveramosqueandcastingathreadlikeshadow.SomethingaboutthefactthatshewastallerthanZarifaaggravatedme,thoughshecouldn’tcompetewithZarifainoverallbulk.That,atleast,mademefeelabitbetter.Zarifa’sbosomwassplendidlyampleforalittleboytosnuggleintoandsleep.Whenshehuggedmeherhandsandarmspracticallyburiedmealive.Myaunt,ontheotherhand,hadnochesttospeakof.Goldringsbrightenedherthinwhitehand.Bothwristswereswaddledinadozenheavy,intricately-workedbraceletsthatmadetheirowndistinctclangingwheneversheliftedanarmtopointherthinfingersaggressivelyatsomeone.Icouldn’timagineherhandsengagedinanyactivity,exceptforpokingtheirskinnyfingersimperiouslyintothefacesofothers.Ididnotunderstandthesecretbehindhernever-endingpresencein

myfather’shouseeventhoughshehadbeenmarriedtoamaternalcousinofherswholivedinanothertown.Shewasscornfulofeveryoneandtreatedthemwithaneccentric,exaggeratedetiquettethatbelittledthemmercilessly.Shedidn’thavemuchtosay.Whentheneighbourhoodwomencameby,outofpoliteness,whenshewasinourhouse,shewouldbarelytouchtheirhandsingreeting,quicklyandostentatiouslypullingbackherownheavilyhennaedfingertips,invitingthemtositdownasshemadeaclearsigntoZarifatobringthecoffeeinquickly.Theywouldsitdownandexchangehasty,abruptwords,almostcuttingeachotheroff,asifthefactofherseverepresencepreventedthemfromholdingmoredrawn-outorrelaxedconversations.Assoonastheyfinishedtheirdatesandcoffeemyauntwouldshiftinherseatandtheywouldgetuptoleaveimmediatelyasifshruggingthedutyofthevisitofftheirshoulders.There

Page 121: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

wasanunspokenunderstandingthattheywereabsolutelynottobringtheirchildren.Myauntdespisedchildrenmorethanshedidanythingoranyoneelse.Thesharpcrevicesinmyaunt’sfacecontrastedwithZarifa’sbroad,flat

face.ShewastheonlyonewhotreatedZarifalikeanyotherslaveandwouldneveracknowledgeherstatus–whicheveryonerecognisedevenifnooneeversaidanything–asthepersoninchargeofmyfather’shousehold,nottomentionhislong-timemistress.Myauntwasdetermined,eventhroughoutthelongstretcheswhenmyfatherwasveryill,tositrightoutsidehisroom,oppositethedoorway,justsothatherpresencewouldpreventZarifafromeverslippingintoseehim.Sheandmyfatherpractisedanelaborateritualofmutualrespectthat

wasacutelyembarrassinginitsobviousartificiality.Butfortheselongstringsofgreetingstheyexchanged,whichfollowedexactlythesamepatterneverytime,theyneversaidawordtoeachother.OnlywhenIwasmucholderdidIunderstandtheextenttowhichtheirdemonstrationsofrespectcarriedaprofoundcontemptthatextendedtohatred.IfshewasdirectingasilentwaragainstZarifa,myfather’spresenceandthefactoftheirrelationshipenabledZarifatoshowherenmitytowardmyauntinfrontofus:welittleones,alloftheslaves,andindeedeveryoneinal-Awafi.Zarifausuallyfocusedherdisparagementsofmyauntonherlackofluckwithmen:shehadbeendivorcedtwice,bytwobrothersand,Zarifasaid,thatdry,sticklikebodyofherswasbarren.ButZarifacouldnotcompletelyconcealherfearofmyaunt.Perhaps

that’swhy,soonaftermyfatherdied,shelefttheBigHouseandwenttojoinhersoninKuwait.

Page 122: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Asma

Afterathree-dayshoppingtriptoMuscatwithherprospectiveson-in-lawandhismother,Salimareturnedtoal-AwafiloadeddownwithAsma’sweddingthings,whichshehadgottenfromtheshopsinMatrahwhereyoucouldfindeveryconceivableweddingitem.But,sheconfidedtoMuezzin-Wife,shewasn’toverjoyedwithherpurchases.There’snicerthingsoutthere,shesaid,andAsmadeservesthem.Butherfather–mayGodeasehispath–refusedtosetadowrypaymentforthebridegroom.Ismydaughterapieceofmerchandisetobesold?That’swhathe

snappedatmewhenIasked.Herdowrywillbethesameasanyoneelse’s,hesaidtome.Soherfiancéonlypaidtwothousandriyals,sincehewasn’taskedtocomeupwithanymorethanthat.Hismamawassilentthewholetime.Itseemsthatshe’sbeenawayfromherhometowntoolongtorememberhowwedothingshere.Still,Salimaspreadoutthepurchasesfordisplay,astheywatched:

Asma,Khawla,themuezzin’swife,JudgeYusuf’swidow,UmmNasirandthreemorewomenwholivednearby.TheiroutstretchedhandscompetedtoturnoverandexaminetheshimmeringsilkfabricthatMayyawouldmakeintodishdashasandsirwals,allheavilyembroidered,forthebride.Salimabroughtoutthetranslucentheadwrappings,greenclothembroideredalongtheedgesingoldflowers,andotherswithsequinssewnintotheirborders.Thoughshedidherbesttoresist,atleastforafewminutes,Khawla

hadtoreachfortheshinypairofhigh-heeledsandals:Salimalevelledawarningglanceatherasshetriedthemon.Onceeveryonehadhadhersayaboutthefabrics,Salimaopenedtheperfumechest:twobottlesofFrenchperfumethatSalimahadboughtbecausethemotherofthegroominsisted,thoughshewouldhavepreferredtoputthemoneyintoathird

Page 123: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

vialofpureoudperfume.Muezzin-Wifelaughed.Salima,oudhasturnedyoursenses!Surelyone

bottleisenoughforthisbride.Salimaansweredearnestly.Howcanyouhaveabridewithoutplentyof

oud?Lookattheincense,Iboughttwokindsforher:real,pureCambodianaloes-woodoilandthebestincense,fromSalalah.Khawla,heatupsomecoalsandwe’lltryitout.Khawlajumpedupandhurriedtowardthekitchen.Asmawas

muttering.Mama,incensechokesme.Iwishyouhadboughtmemoreperfumeinstead.Quiet,youdon’tunderstandanything,Salimasaid,bringingoutthe

chestthatheldthegold.Didyoueverhearofabridegettingmarriedwithoutincense?Whatanawfulscandalthatwouldbe!Thewomen’sshiningeyesreplicatedanddoubledthegold’slustreas

theyinspectedit:aheavylinknecklace,onewithseveralthinstrands,ringsbearingavarietyofstones,andadiamondring,agiftfromthegroom’smother.Therewerealsothinbanglesandonebroadandheavyspikedbracelet.Inourdaysthejewellerywassilver,remarkedoneoftheneighbours.

PraiseGod–howtimeshavechanged.True,saidanother,itwassilver,butatleastwehadanklets,enoughto

announcethatoneofuswascomingwiththeringingtheymadeagainsteachother,andthebraceletsweworehighuponourarms.Andthehairornaments,too.Salimawasclearlyirritated.Youknowgirlsthesedays,theydon’tlike

wearingankletsorourheavyarmlets.Ofcoursenot,saidAsma.Idon’twanttowearthingsthataregoingto

scratchupmylegsandfeet.Shepickeduphernewjewellery,examiningitwithsomecuriosity.

Whenshesawthegoldbanglewiththespikesshestartedgiggling.Shecouldn’thelprememberingthestoryofJudgeYusuf’swifewithanold-fashionedbraceletlikethis.Atthetime,braceletswereindeedsilverortheymightbeplatedthinlywithgold.Maryam,JudgeYusuf’swidow,had

Page 124: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

toldAsmathestoryherself.WAllahi,mydear,Iwasn’tmorethanfourteen.Mymother–Godbe

mercifultoher–cametomeandsaid,Comeon,Maryam,nowpraiseyourLordandputonthesenewclothesofyours,andyournewbraceletsandsilveramulets.Why,Mama?YouaregettingmarriedtoJudgeYusuftoday.Icriedsohardmyeyesswelledup,butnoonepaidanyattentionto

me.Intheeveningallthewomenoftheneighbourhoodswarmedin.Theyweresingingandtheypickedmeupandcarriedmetothejudge,awholeprocessionofthem.Atthedoormymotherbrokeeggsovermyfeetandwhisperedtome:Listen,Maryam,watchoutyoudon’tletthatmanfindyoutooready,likearipewatermelonabouttosplitopen.Youdefendyourself,now,sowecanholdourheadshigh.Youjustgoathimwiththesebraceletsonyourwrist.Yes,hithim,that’sright,don’tbeajuicywatermelonjustwaitingthereforhim.ByGod,mygirl!Asma,Iwentforawholemonthpoundinghimevery

nightwiththosebracelets,bruisinghimuplikemymothertoldmetodo.Hewouldsaytome,Maryam,Maryuuumadear,myMaryuumii,whatdoyouwantmetocallyou?Justtellme!Iwouldn’ttakethosebraceletsoffmywristforanything.Iswungthem

rightinfrontofhisnosewheneverhecamenear.Godgiveyoumercy,AbuAbdal-Rahman!Whatamanoflearninghewas!Hereadallthebooksofreligionandknowledgeandunderstanding,andhetriedsohardtosweetenmeup,thepoorfellow!Maryuuma,hewouldsay,Ijustwanttotalktoyou.Whyareyouattackingme?Listentome,talktome!There’snoreasontoscreamatme,andtoscratchme,everydayandthenext.IfyouhatemethatmuchI’mnotgoingtoforcemyselfonyou.Itwouldnotberightformetoforceyou.Didyourfamilyforceyoutomarryme,Maryam?Doyouhateme,Maryuuma?Wallahi,mygirl,Asma,Ididn’thatehimatall,hewasalotbetterthan

myfatherormybrothersoranyoneelse.Hewastheprotectorofknowledgeandfaith,GodgranthimHislenienceandmakehisgraveas

Page 125: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

spaciousashemademyworld!Mydear,Iwasjustlisteningtomymama,onlydoingwhatshesaidtodo.Tryingnottobeasoftwatermelon.Asmawaslaughing.Andso–whathappenedafteramonth,UmmAbd

al-Rahman?Maryamsmiledandwavedthequestionaway.Ahh,amonthlater,my

girl,myAsma–whatwaswrittenbythehandoffatehappened.Itoldyouhewascarefultobeunderstandingandgentle,andIwasjustayounggirl,andtheworldhastomoveahead.Theywerewrittenforus,theseseedsthatmademybellyswell.Abdal-Rahmanandhisbrothersandsisters,Godbemercifultotheirfather,hewasalwayspatientwithme,wheneverytwoorthreedaysI’dgetangrywithhimandgoofftomyfamilywithoutanycauseforit.Hewouldsaytome:You’remywife,Maryuuma,inthisworldandthenext,andyouareasdeartomeasAisha,Godbepleasedwithher,wasdeartotheProphet,God’sprayersandblessingsuponhim.Thejudgediedsoyoung,mypoordearfellow.Thegoodfolksdon’tstaywithuslong,Asmamydear,theyleaveussoquickly.Butpeoplejustwouldn’tkeeptheirmouthsshut.Youareyoung,Maryam,theywouldsay.Marryagain,thelivingstaywithuslongerthanthedead.Allah!No,justimagine–marryagain,afterJudgeAbuAbdal-Rahman?HowcouldIdosuchathing,sinceheusedtosaytome,Youaremywifeinthisworldandthenext,Maryuuma.Inthisworldandinthenext.Khawlacameoutwiththelitcoals.Salimasprinkledincenseoverthem

andheldthemixtureinfrontoftheneighbours,eachinturn.Theybeganteasingeachother,sinceifthesmokeoftheincensecouldbeseenrisingfromtheirgarments,thatmeantSalimawastrulyfondofthem,butifitgotcaughtthereanddidn’trise,itmeantshedidn’tlikethemmuch.Asshemadeherroundstheystartedexclaiming,Heh!Look,theincenseiscomingoutofthesleevesofMuezzin-Wifebutnooneelse’s.Wedon’tgetashareinwhat’sfair!Salimawasoccupiednowinunrollingthehand-workedcushioncovers

forthemtosee,andmeasuringthelengthsofthetwocarpetsshehadboughtafteralongquarrelwiththeIranianshopowner.Khawlaleaned

Page 126: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

towardAsmaandwhispered,Abride’strousseaubutnonightgownsormake-up–mypoorsister!Asmawinkedather.There’llbesomewaytogetthembeforethewedding,Iknowit.Salimadescribedthemandusshehadorderedtoherspecifications

fromtheleadingproducerofwoodweddingchests,whosemandusesweremoreelaboratethananyothersaround:theprecisesizeshewanted,exactlywhatkindsofworkshewantedonthewoodandthebrassfittings,andtheshapeofthebrasshandles.Khawlainterruptedher.Buthousesthesedayshavebedrooms,alreadywithabedandwardrobeanddressingtable.Atthat,Muezzin-Wifeexclaimed,AskGod’sforgivenessforwhatyoujustsaid!Mygoodness,nothingpleasesgirlsthesedays–mygirl,abridewithoutamandusisn’tabride.Afterall,thatmandusofherswillkeepherincensefreshforyears.BeforetheneighbourlygatheringbrokeupSalimagaveeachofthema

headwrapfromthehundredshehadboughttohandouttothewomenofal-Awafi:neighbours,thepoor,relativesandotherswhoweren’trelatedtoher,mistressesofthetown’shouseholdsandthewomenofslavefamilies.

Page 127: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

SecondsafterIhitSalimIwasassailedbyaterribleandoverwhelmingsensethatIhadjustbecomemyfather’stwin.Twodayslater,MayyamadeapointofmentioningthatSalimhadnotbeendrunkatall.Hehadhadashock,whilespendingtheevening–mostofthenight,really–withhisfriendsinacaféinupscaleal-Qurm,wherethemusicwasprobablyveryloud.Lateintheevening,thepatronshaddwindled.Sittingonhisown,drinkinglemonadewithmint,hesuddenlysawahandlandingonthetableedge,pressingagainstitforsupport.Itwasimpossibletoignore:thefingernailswerepaintedaglitterysilver.WhenSalimraisedhisheadayoungmanwasstaringathim,asmuchasonecouldstarethroughhalf-closedeyes.Hewasdressedentirelyinblack–Versaceshirt,Armanijeans–andnowthatSalimwaslookingathim,hespoke,hismurmurmorelikeapurr.Onelook,man,justone,slayme.Salimconcentratedonthelemonadeinhishands,buthecouldn’tstop

himselfshiveringwhentheyouthbentcloseroverhim,tossingafancycardontothetable.Anumberbutnoname.Salimignoredhim.Wherehadhisfriendsdisappearedto?Maybetheyweresomewhereatanothertable,playingcards?Theyoungmandidn’tleave.Hestoodnearby,sighingloudly.When

Salimdidn’treact,hemadeashowofputtingthecarddownagainonthetable.FinallySalimhadtospeak.Go–goawayoffnow.Rightnow.Theyouthwhisperedback.Iknow...Idon’tdeserveeventhenailson

yourtoes,Iknowthat...Idon’tdeserveaglance...HeleanedcloserintoSalim.AllahAllahyahabibi,thefireinsideme,it’swhitehot,havesomemercy.

Page 128: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

WhenSalimhurriedtohiscarandshotaway,theboy’sPorschewasrightbehindhim,throughthenight-timestreetsofMuscat.Salimfinallylosthiminasidestreetanddrovehome.Theclocksaid2am,andIwaswaitingforhiminthesittingroom.Ihithim,myvoicetautwithanger.Outsolate,areyou?Justwaitingtodisobeyme?Yourfather’srules?

Page 129: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Ankabuta

Onthe25thofSeptember1926,Ankabutawasroamingthesparseexpanseoutsideoftown,bendingovertopickupthefewbranchesshecouldfind,whenthefirstpangscame.Asshesawtothebirthofherowndaughter,witharustyknifetoseparatethebaby’slifefromherown,themengatheredinGenevasignedanaccord.Theirsignaturesabolishedslaveryandcriminalisedtheslavetrade.ItwasAnkabuta’sfifteenthbirthdaybutshewasasunawareofthatasshewasthattheworldheldaplacecalledGeneva.Ankabutarippedherdustyheadveilinhalftomakeawrappingforher

newbornbaby,andshestuffedtheotherhalfupherselftostoptheblood.Barefoot,herfaceuncovered,shewalkedbacktoal-Awafi.AtShaykhSaid’shouse–whichwiththebirthhadjustgainedanotherslave-girl–thewomenhelpedherinside.Ankabutalaydownonthereedmattingandwitnessedherdaughter’sdate-feedingritual.Thewomenhadcrushedadateandputitgentlyinthenewborn’smouth,takingitoutsecondslater,justaswomenoftheProphet’stime,they’dalwaysheard,haddone.Whentheylaythebabydownbesideher,Ankabutaburstintotearsatthesightofthetinywrinkledbodywrappedinhalfherheadscarf.Itwastheonlyclothsheownedthathadn’tbeenrippedapartbythewoodshehadtogather.Yes,itwasonlyawhiteone–notdyedindigolikeherotherone,whichwasnearlyinshreds–butitwasstronglywovenandhelditsshape.Ifithadn’tturnedthecolourofdustshewouldhavesaiditwasnew,andnowhereshehadlostit.Aweeklatertheshaykhannouncedthatthenewborngirl’snamewas

Zarifa.Unfortunately,becausethingshadbeensobadsincethespoilageofthedateharvest,hewouldnotbeinapositiontoslaughteraritualanimal.SixteenyearslaterhewouldsellthegirltoMerchantSulayman.

Page 130: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Shewouldbecomeaslaveworkerandaconcubine.Shewouldbehisbeloved,andtheonlywomanwhowaseverclosetohim,whilehewastheonlymanshewouldloveandrespect,andthatuntilthedayofherdeath.InhimshesawherliberatorfromtheinsultsofShaykhSaid’ssons,andthebelovedwhoshowedherthepleasuresofthebody,astheinstigatorofthegameofharshnessandjealousy.Intheend,hewastheelderlyshaykhwhoreturnedtoherembracetodie.

Page 131: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

AtfirstZayidwascomingbacktoal-AwafieveryFriday,handingoutfruit,eventohisneighbours.Hehardlyevertookoffhisuniform,evenwhenhewaswithSuwayd,listeningtohimplayhisoud.ButwhennoonepouredcoffeeforhimatthewakeafterZayddied,leavinghimtopourithimself,heknewthatthevillagerswouldneverseehimasarealofficer.IntheireyeshewouldalwaysbeZayid,thesonofManeen,thewretchwhobeggedfromfolks.Al-Awafi’speoplewerefirmbelieversinthepast;theydidnotlooktothefuture.GraduallyZayidstoppedengaginginthelifeofthevillage.AfterhefoundanIndianmaidservantforhisfather,hisvisitsdwindled,untilhewasonlymakingtheobligatoryappearancesonthemajorholyfeastdays.Yearsafterhisfather’smurderweheardsuddenlythatZayidhadgot

married.Hedidnotcomebacktoal-Awafifortheoccasion.Hisbride–Hafiza’ssecondandprettiestdaughter–becamehiswifewithacelebrationattheMuscatSheraton.Theweddingpartyhearrangedtherewasnotattendedbyanyonefromtheirvillageexceptthebride,hertwosistersandhermother.Hafizacouldn’thavebeenmorethanseventeenwhenshegotpregnant

forthefirsttime.HermotherSaadaseizedherbyherhairandstartedpummellingher,buttheneighbourwomenwinkedandletSaadaknowwhatthewordwasintheneighbourhood.Nosurpriseshere,Saada,she’scutfromthesamecloth!Beforeher,itwasherfather’ssister,theslutwasalwayslollinginthestreets,wasn’tshe?Sohermotherleftheralone.Whenthebabygirlslippedoutofhermama’sbody,herskinseveralshadesdarkerthanhermother’sorgrandmother’s,SaadaaskedHafizaagain.Whoisthisbastard’sfather?Hafizaansweredasshehadbefore.Itoldyou,Mama,ifitwasn’tZaatarthenitwaseitherMarhunorHabib.

Page 132: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Hermothershookherheadandlefthertoherowndevices.WhenHafizaemergedfromherfortydaysofconfinementJudgeYusuf

sentencedhertoahundredlashes.HermotherstuffedabigcanvassackwithwhateveroldragsandshirtsshecouldfindandtieditontoHafiza’sbackhopingshewouldn’tfeelthelashes.Isnuckinalongwiththeotherboys–wehidamongthecrowdsthathadcollectedtowatchthepunishmentcarriedout.Butnoteventwoyearslater,Hafizadeliveredherseconddaughter.Thistime,thebabyhadverypaleskin.Andthesentencechanged.Bythen,JudgeYusufwasamagistrateunderthejurisdictionoftheSultan,thoughearlierhehadregardedhimselfasissuinghisjudgementsunderthelastImamGhalibbinAli’sauthority,evenaftertheImamwasdefeatedandhadtoleaveOman.TheSultan’sgovernmentdidnotprescribetheShariapunishmentsforadultery,andsoJudgeYusufdidnotorderthewomanwhipped.SomeoftheeldersproposedthatHafizabesenttoprisonbutnoonepaidmuchattentionanymore.PeoplewhisperedthatthenewbornlookedalotlikeShaykhSaid’syoungestson:shewashisspittingimage,infact,theysaid.Yetagain,though,Hafizasaidshewasn’tcertainwhothefatherwas.That’swhenshegothernickname,Basish-Shaab,Everyone’sBus.Threemoreyearsandherthirddaughterappeared.Thisonelookedmoreorlesslikeherownmother,andshewasthelastofthedaughters.Soonafter,someonesteeredHafizatobirthcontrolpills.DidIdozeoff?WhyamIsothirsty?Zarifausedtowarnmeabout

goingtosleepthirsty.Thesleeperwho’sparched,shewouldalwayssay,findshissoulhaslefthimtosearch,lookingforsomethingtoquenchhisthirst.Ialwaysdranktwoorthreeglassesofwaterbeforegoingtobed,afraidthatmysoulwouldleavemeandneverreturn,likethemanwhofellasleepthirstyandhissoullefthimtodrinkfromabigwaterjar.Whileitwasintheredrinkingthelidwasclampedoverthissoulofhis.Itcouldn’tgobacktohim.Astheyweregettingreadytoburyhimthenextmorning,someoneliftedthelidtogetadrinkhimself,andtheman’ssoulcamerushingbacktohim.AfterIstolemyfather’srifleforthemagpiesthatInevertasted,my

Page 133: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

fatherhungmeupsidedownandtiedupinthewell,topunishme,andIdidgotosleepeventhoughIwasverythirsty.Manynightmareslater,Masoudafinallyrelentedandtoldmeaboutmymother.Abdallah,myboy,theproverb-makersays:Daytime’sforpeoplebut

night-time’sforthejinn.Yourmama,Godresthersoulinparadise,wasoutwalkingatnight.Shejustflungawayapebblethatgotinhersandalperhaps.Shedidn’tknowit,butshe’dhitthejinni-woman’ssoninthehead.Thatjinni-womanwastheservantoftheShaykhsoftheJinn.Shecametoyourmamaandshesaid,Pullupthebasilbushinthecourtyard,itssmelldrawsvipers,andsoonyoursonwillgetoldenoughtoplaythereandhe’llbebitten.Yourmama,Godtakehersoultoparadise,thoughtthejinni-womanwasapoorandordinarywomanandshebelievedher.Soatdawnshecutdownthebasilbush,whichangeredtheShaykhoftheJinnwholivedbeneathit.Hemadethepoorwomansick.Twoorthreedays,nomore,andshewasdead,mayGodkeephersoulinParadise.WhenIgotolder,andwhenShannatriedtotemptmeoutonthefarm

andIsaidno,shepulledherclothestogetheraroundherselfandscreamed,Yourmamaisn’tdead,she’salive!Theybewitchedherandthentheytookheraway.Theyputaplankofwoodwhereshe’dbeenlyingdown,andyourpapaburiedit,andsoyourmotherlosthermind.Thewizardtookhermindawayandmadeherhisservant.Myfathersawheronceatnight,outsidetown.Shewasallinwhite.

Page 134: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Salima

WhenSalimahadfinishedarrangingherdaughterAsma’sweddingthingssheclosedthedoortotheworldoutsideandbrokedowninsobs.Shefeltasuddenlongingforherfatherandmother.SalimahadgivenbirthtoKhawla,theyoungestofhergirls,justasher

ownmotherwasgivinguphersoul.Really,though,hermotherhaddiedalongtimebefore,tenyearsatleast,whenamessengerappearedtoinformherthatheronlyson,Muaadh,haddiedasamartyrinthewarofJabalAkhdar.Shehadn’tbeengivenachancetosayhergoodbyes.WhenMuaadhfledthehomeofhisuncleShaykhSaid,beforetheend

ofhissixteenthyear,hisunclewasfurious.So,then,hishunchesabouttheboyhadproventrue!He’dknownthatboywouldsplittherodofobediencetojointhetribesalliedwiththeImam,thumbinghisnoseathisuncle’salliancewiththeopposingtribes.Wheneverpeopleweregathered,ShaykhSaidmadecertaintoproclaim

loudlythatheborenoresponsibilityforhisbrother’sson.Hehadnoguilt.Doesthatidiotbelievetakingshelterinal-Jabalal-AkhdarwiththeImamandhisgroupwillsavehim,oranyofthem,fromthewarplanesoftheEnglish?herepeatedinfrontofanyonewithearstohearhim.ThoseEnglishhaveplanesandweapons.Whatdotheyhave,intheGreenMountain?TheSibTreaty,signedin1920,dividedOmanintoaninteriorruledas

anImamateandaGovernmentofMuscatthatretaineditstraditionaljurisdictionovermuchofthecoastalplains.Muscat’sSultanwasfinancedbytheEnglish.TheTreatywasrespectedforquitealongtime.ButthentheSultansignedanagreementwithaBritishfirmforexploratoryoildrillingintheFahuddesert,whichwaswellwithintheImamate’sterritories.Thecompanyformeditsowndefenceunit,whichcametobe

Page 135: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

knownastheMuscat-OmanInfantry.Andsoimperialistgreedlitthewickofwar,whenthecompanyarmymarchedintoIbriandsoonbeganstrafingterritoriesloyaltotheImamistate,intheregionsofNazwaandNakhal.In1955theImamGhalibal-Hana’iandhisfollowers–warriorsdrawnfromalliedtribes–wereforcedtotakerefugeintheGreenMountain.That’swhenMuaadhslippedoutofal-Awafiandjoinedthefightersin

theJabal.Hestayedtherethrough1959,oneofabandofguerrillafightersharassingtheRoyalBritishAirForcedefences.Theresistancehadonlytheirtraditionalweapons,butatleasttheycouldkeepothersoutoftheJabal.MuaadhwastaskedwithlightingfiresindesertedareastoconvincetheEnglishthattherewerefightersthere;theideawasthattheywoulduseuptheirammunitionmountingattacksagainstphantomplatoons.OnenightMuaadhsteppedonasmallmineashewasreturningfromamission.Heexplodedintofragments,oneofmorethantwothousandmartyrswhodiedinthewartocontroltheJabal.Therewasn’tevenabodytoreturnforhismothertomournover.Shereceivedthenewsofhisdeathinsilentsubmission.Shearranged

thefuneralritesaswellasshecouldinhermodestcircumstances,forhisunclerefusedtooffertheslightesthelportomourn.Shedied,thoughnooneknewshewasdead.Everydayandeverynight,fortenyears,shediedalittlemore.Shebreathedandateanddrankbutshewasdead.Shespoketopeopleandwalkedamongthem,dead.Onlymuchlaterdidherbodygiveupitsalready-deceasedspirit,itsdeadspirit,nolongerforcedtopretend,toplayatbeingalive.

Page 136: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Myheadisunderwater.ThisheadachelaysintomeeverytimeIhavetofly.Ifeelconfusedandunabletofocus,andeverythinginfrontofmeappearstobesubmergedinwater.ThenIsensemyselfbeingflippedupsidedown.I’minawell,headdown,andthatheavypalm-fibreropeiswoundaroundmybody.Myskullcrashesagainstthemurkyblackinteriorwall.I’mterrifiedthattheropewillunravel,willweaken,willbreakanddropmetotheverybottom.WhydidIstealthegun?WhydidIwantthemagpiessobadly?Frommyunderwaterheadpourthemany-colouredplasticblocksthat

Muhammadplayswith.Hehastohavethemlinedup,nogaps.Ifthereisanyalterationtothewaytheyarearranged,evenoneblock,hescreamsandscreams,nopauses.Screaming,Muhammadscreaming.WhenUncleIshaq’swifewentintothebathroomoftheirhomeinWadi

Adaytowashbeforethedawnprayersshefoundhersoninthere.PureMarwan’sveinswerecutopenwithhisfather’sdagger.Shescreamedandscreamed.WhenmyfathergaveuphissoulintheNahdaHospital,Zarifa

screamedandthesoundwentonandon.Ididn’tscreamthen,Ididn’tcry.Onlywhenhehungmeheaddowninthewell.Icanseemyselfasalittlechild.Aboybutlikealittlemanindisguise,

wearingaman’sdaggerandaperfectlyfittedturban,andbrand-newshoes.Myfather’shandleadsmesomewherefaraway.ToIbri.Wearerespondingtotheinvitationofashaykhthere.Habibwaswithus–itwasbeforehefled,ofcourse–andsowasSuwaydandtheBedouinwhoownedthetwocamelswerode.Suwayd’soudwasnotwithus,though;perhapsithadn’tyetcometohim.Itmusthavebeenbeforethejinniwomanfellforhim,offeringtoansweronesinglewish.Theoud.The

Page 137: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

bewitchingoudwhosesadtunesrubbedacrossmychildhoodandscoredtherawlonelinessofmyadolescence.Theoudwasthegiftofthejinniwoman,andsoSuwaydcouldn’tplayanyotherinstrument,onlythatone,solitarylute.No,therewasnooudwithusonthattrip.Therewasaclothbundleholdingdriedsharkfleshthatpeopleateonjourneys,andsomeonions,andaboxofdates.Therewasawaterskin,alotofsand,andsinging.Habibwassinging,inanunfamiliarlanguage,Baluchimaybe?Itwascheerlesssingingandhisvoicewouldchoke,comingoutinawail,whenhereachedsomerefrains.Itsoundedmorelikecryingthansinging.Beforehefled,HabibtoldZarifathatsongsweretheonlythingleftinhismemorytokeephislanguagealiveforhim.That’swhyhesang.Ifhedidn’thavesongsinthere,allthehollowspaceswouldbefilledwithrage.ThereIwas,ayoungfellowdisguisedintheuniformofhiselders,the

solerepresentativeofmyfather’sseed,paradedforthebenefitoftheShaykhsofIbri.Inthesouq,though,Icouldhardlyresistrevertingtomychildhoodstate,facedwiththeheapsofsweetcoconutspreadacrossthestonebenchestodry,andwellwithinmyreach.ButIhadtoreturntotheawfuldignityofmyearlymanhoodthenextday,atthebigmiddaymealwiththesemen.Itriedtositexactlythewayoldmensitinthemajlismeetingplace,myweightononelegwhileIfoldedtheotherlegbeneathme,watchful,knowingImustn’tchangemypositionnomatterhownumbmylegswouldgo,becauseIhadtoshowthehardnessofmen.Ididextendmyhandstotheenormousplatterofricearoundwhichwesat,butIfeltsoshythatmyfingerscouldhardlygraspanything,bringingonlyafewgrainsofriceallthewaybacktomymouth.SometinybiteslaterIfinallysummonedenoughboldnesstoreachthemeatpiledupovertherice,securingatinymorsel.Itriedtomakecertainmyfathersawit.WhentheplatterwasliftedawayIwashungrybuthappy,certainthatmyfatherwouldbesatisfiedwithme.Hehadcautionedmeearlier:theShaykh’sfamily,neighboursandslaveswouldbewaitingexpectantlyfortheirshare,whateverremainedofthesameplatteroffoodthathadbeenofferedtous.Myheadwasn’thangingupsidedown,then,anditwasn’tsubmergedin

Page 138: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

water.Mybrainandheartweren’tsearchingdesperatelyforasliveroflandsomewhere,anywherefromMuscattoSib,whereIcouldbuildthehouseofmywife’sdreams.Wecouldn’tmanagetogetthelotshereallyliked.Themunicipalauthoritiesrefused,claimingthatexactlythisbitoflandwasslatedforfutureuse:itfellwithintheareadesignatedforanewrapid-transitlightrailsystem.Theplanningdocumenthadalreadybeensignedoffatthehighestlevel,bytheSultan’sCabinetitself.Myheadissplittingnow,andthecabinpressurewillcertainlydetonate

it,untilitexplodeswideopen.WhydoInevercarryheadacheremedieswithme,likealltherestofGod’stravellingcreaturesdo?IntheShaykh’shouse,myhandtouchedthemeatonlyafterhavinga

dozenorsolittlebitesthatwereonlyrice,tosoarinthestratosphereofmyfather’sapproval.Wewerenearlyhomewhenadesertviperlungedatme.Ifmyfatherhadn’timmediatelybornedownonitwithhiscane,killingitthenandthere,itwouldhavebittenmetodeath.Whenmypapahuggedmesointenselyithurt,myeyeswereopentotheirwidestand,mynosecrushedagainsthim,Ibreathedintheparticularsmellofhisdishdasha.IcouldseestarsdroppingfromGod’sskytoclingtohisturbansohardthattheyblendedintoitsornaments.Ihadneverinmylifeseenasouq.Theoneshopinal-Awafi,andthe

festivalsweetbiscuitslaidoutonwoodenplanksattheedgeofthespacewherereligiousceremonieswerealwaysheld–thatwasallIknew.TheIbrisouqwassimplyacorridoroffacingshops,orperhapstheseweremorelikewarehousessinceIcouldn’tseeanymerchantsinside,waitingforcustomers.Theysatonmatsonthegroundoronthestonebenchesoutsidetheirshops,withvariousbasketsofdifferentsizeslinedupbeforethem,carryingavarietyofgoods:drieddates,spices,driedlemons,redpeppers,barley.Sometimestherewouldalsobeatrayortwoofdriedcoconut.I’mcertainitwasthoseenormoustinplattersofdriedcoconutthatpreservedmymemoryofthatdaysovividlythatIcanstillseeitandsmellitevennow:thesouqexactlyasitlookedthen.Closingmyeyes,Icanseethetreetrunksandthearcingdate-palmfronds,creatingavaultoverheadthatknittedthetwoseparaterowsofshopsintooneentity.I

Page 139: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

canseetheironhooksfromwhichwoolcarpetswerehung,andthebaskets,leatherpelts,reedmats,andeventhedriedfishwhosesharpodourstillcomestomeinstantly.Boysscamperedhereandthere,mostoftenwearingtheleatherbeltsthatalreadyawaitedthedaggersthey’dreceiveindaystocome.Themerchantsexchangednews,staredatpeopleindifferentlyandwavedtheircanesintheair.Whatdrewmygazewastheredcoloursoftheirturbans,thejumbleofsmells,theheapsofcoconut.Ilikeditall.Directlyonthegroundsatthebarber,ramrodstraight,aturbanonhis

headandadaggerinhisbelt,sleevesrolleduptoshowhisbareforearms.Hiscustomersatdownfacinghimbutleavingenoughspacethathecouldbendforwardslightly,signallingthathewasreadytoentrusthisheadtothebroadlygrinningbarber.Unlikethebarber,hiscustomerwasn’tsittingonbaregroundbutonaraggedsquareofroughcanvasontowhichhisshavenhairwouldfall.Thebarberhadhistoolslaidoutnexttohimonanancientwoodchestalongwithasmallbucketofwaterwhichhesprinkledonthecustomer’shead.Whenthecustomeraroseitwasinvariablywithashavenheadsincethisbarberhadnoexperienceactuallycuttinghair.Allhecoulddowasshaveittotheroots.Idon’tknowwhatrousedallofthosesmellsinmeasMayyaandI

stoodonthevergewatching.Averyfinelargevillawasgoingupontheplotoflandthatshehadchosenandthemunicipalityhadrefusedtoselltous–thelandwhichwasincludedinthefutureplanningforthegovernorate’smulti-lanehighway.Hah!explodedMayya.Sothelandwassoldafterall!Whathappenedtothecityplanning,tothedocumentsignedbytheCabinet?Howmuchwillthemunicipalitypaynowtochangethefastline’sroute,nowthatthey’vegiveninsoveryrespectfullytothedemandsofwhoeveritwaswhowantedthislandforhisvilla?Ididn’tsayanything.ThesmellsoftheoldsouqinIbrifilledmylungs.Thisheadacheisaffectingmyhearing.WhenIwaslittle,myfather’s

handonmyheadcouldabsorbmyheadache.Layinghishandthere,hewouldrepeatthewordsfromtheQur’an:ToHimbelongseverythingthatrestsquietly,inthenightasbyday.Myheadwouldgrowquiet,atrest,

Page 140: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

andthepainwouldgoaway.Butmyfather’sveinedhandswelledundertheintravenousneedlesin

theNahdaHospitalandcouldnolongerreachformyhead,splittinginpain,unabletogivewaytosleep.ThehandofBill,theEnglishteacher,wasnotheavilyveined.Itwas

coveredwithminutefreckles.ItwasBillwhoconvincedmeImustlearnEnglish.WemetatadinnerpartyorganisedbyoneoftheMuscatmerchants.InserviceableArabic,Billqueriedme.Youareabusinessmanandyoudon’tknowEnglish?NorestaurantinMuscatwillserveyouifyoudon’thaveanylanguage!Hewasright.AndIwastiredoftheacuteembarrassmentIfeltwheneverItriedtoreserveahotelroom,orwasinvitedtodinneratarestaurant.Inmyowncountry!MyArabcountry,whererestaurants,hospitalsandhotelsallannouncedthat‘onlyEnglishisspokenhere’.IstartedprivatelessonswithBill.Hisblueeyesgavenothingawaybut

hissmileseemedpromising.BeforegettingtoknowhimIwouldneverhaveimaginedthataperson’ssmilecouldrevealhisintelligence,butBill’ssmilegaveformtoashrewdmind.Myfatherdidnotsmile.Orperhapshedidsmile,alittle,onceinavery

greatwhile.IfhismouthdidbegintocurveIwouldfeelinstantcontentment,butthesparkybrilliancehiseyesgaveoffawakenedonlymyterror.Iwouldneverbethatsmart,nomatterhowmuchIstudiedorlearned.Iwouldalwaysbethegulliblelittleboy,orthedeludedladwhowouldneverknowhowtomanagethefamilybusinessandwouldneverhavehispapa’sbrains.Thatastutegaze,thatsmilehintingsuchcleverness–Isearchinmychildren’sfaces,butIneverseemyfather’sexpressionsthere.London?Perhaps,ifonlyshehadn’tgottenmiredinAhmad’slies.WheneverIthinkofthatwholeaffairIfeelsoangrythatIalmostcan’t

breathe.WhenMayyadiscoveredtheyweretalking,shesmashedLondon’smobile,lockedherinherroom,andslappedherasshehadneverslappedanyonebefore.After,sheremainedonhighalert,readytodetecttheslightestvibrationintheair.ButstubbornLondoninsistedon

Page 141: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

herlove.Whydoesitstillpainmesomuch?Afterall,itisover,isn’tit?DoesithurtbecauseIgaveintoher,allowingthetwoofthemtosignamarriagecontract?OrbecauseIdidn’tsupporther,didn’tstandupforherlove,fromtheverybeginning?OrbecauseIscoldedherforchoosinghim,butonlyafteritwentbad?AmIhurtingbecauseheharmedher?OrisitbecauseMayyaneverknewloveandsoshedidnotknow,whenLondonfellinlove,howtodealwithherdaughter?Didn’tyouatleasthavesomenotionofwhatloveis,Mayya?Didn’tyou

feelsomethingofwhatIwentthroughasIpacedaroundyourfamilyhomelikeapilgrimcirclestheKaaba,once,twice,seventimes?Howcouldthehouseeverbespaciousenoughtoholdallofmy

passion?Howdiditssinglebalconybearupunderme,asIstoodtherealone,weighteddownbysomuchlove,withoutcollapsingontothedirtstreetorfragmenting,tobecarriedoffbythebreezesintoGod’sheavens?HowdidthesmallroombearthetonsofcloudsIkeptstoredawayinthere,simplysothatIcouldwalkacrossthem?Howdidthewallsstaystillandunshakeable,neveroncequakingwiththetormentofmyunbearablejoy?ButeverythingremainedinitsplaceevenifIhadnoplace.Thedoors

didnotflyofftheirhingesevenifmycastdownbodywasriddledwiththelivebulletsofdesperatelove.Thewindowsdidnotshatter,thoughmywingsbeathardagainsttheglass,strongenoughtosoarfromthefrontwindowtothefurthestspeckonthehorizon.Thehousewasroomyenoughtoholdme,tocontainthescreamofdesirethatechoedinsideme.Thenhowcoulditbe,Mayya,thatyoureyes,fixedonyoursewing

machine,nevercouldseethevastandtortuousexpanseofmylove,andmyimprisonedself?

Page 142: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Asma

Stilldrowsy,Asmaopenedhereyesslowly.Secondslater,sherememberedthattodaywasherweddingday.Shestretched,pressedherhandsagainstherstomach,andsmiledatthethoughtthatafewmonthsfromnowitmightwellberoundedandfull.Gettingup,shefoldedupherbedding,hungitonthepegandhurriedtothekitchen.Herfatherlikedtohavehiscoffeeassoonashe’dcomefromdawnprayers.Asmafoundhermothersittingonthewornstepsleadingintothe

kitchen.Salima’sdistractedairstartledherdaughter.Sheneverallowedherselftolosecomposure,evenmomentarily;Asmahadoftenwonderedhowshecoulddoit.Wishinghergoodmorning,hermother’svoicecamefaintly.Inthekitchenthecoffeewasalreadybubblingontheflame,thecardamomreadynexttoit.SomethingwaswrongbutAsmacouldn’tfigureoutwhatitwas.Her

fatherdrankhisusualtwocupsofcoffeeandglancedatherashegnawedonthedatesthatinvariablybeganhisday.Asmadidn’tfeeluncomfortableorembarrassed,asperhapswasexpectedofheronsuchaday,butshedidsensesomekindofsilentrebukeinhiseyes.Itsetoffavaguefeelingofremorse,orperhapsofguilt,butagain,shecouldn’tidentifywhattheproblemwas.Onhermother’sorderssheshutherselfinherroom.Noonemustsee

thebridebeforeherwedding.Mayyahadbeeninseclusionforanentireweekandnotasinglewomanfromtheneighbourhoodhadgottenaglimpseofherbeforetheeveningofherwedding.Asmabreathedoutalongsigh.PraisebetoGodthathermotherhadn’tinsistedonisolatingherforawholeweek!AllSalimahaddonewastoforbidAsmatoleavethehouse,butthatwasmoreorlessineffectallthetime,anyway,soitseemedabitofajokeasamaternalrulingfortheweekprecedingthe

Page 143: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

wedding.DidshewantAsmatoknowthevalueofthefreedomthatmarriagewouldgiveher?She’dbeoneofthewomennow,andfinallyshewouldhavetherighttocomeandgo,tomixfreelywiththeolderwomenandlistentotheirtalk,toattendweddings,allofthem,nearandfar,andfuneralstoo.Nowshewouldbeoneofthewomenwhosataroundtheircoffeeinthelatemorningsandthenagainattheendoftheday.Shewouldbeinvitedtolunchanddinner,andshewouldissueherowninvitations,sinceshewasnolongermerelyagirl.Marriagewasheridentitydocument,herpassporttoaworldwiderthanhome.Whenyounger,shehadalwayseagerlywelcomedthedateharvestasan

opportunitytogooutandenjoyherselfwiththeothergirls.Earlyinthemorningtheywouldwalkoutsideal-Awafitothefarms,movingfromonetothenext,inspectingtheripeningdatesastheywereseparated,cleanedandsorted.Thegirlscouldplaywiththeunriperedonesandsplasharoundinthemovingwaterthatthecanalsystemsentfromonefieldtothenext,accordingtoafixedwaterdistributionschedulewhichguaranteedstrictfairness.Butthegreatestfunawaitedthemattheendoftheday,intheopenspaceamidstthefarmswherethefaaghuurwasmade.Shehadalwaysfounditacaptivatingsight,Asmaremembered:thestreamofunripedatespouringintotheenormouscauldronsofboilingwater.Sheandherfriendscompetedtoguesswhichonewouldbereadyfirst.Atthatpoint,themenremovedthehotmasswithpalm-fibreladles,spreadingitoutinthesunsothatitwoulddry,whereuponitwouldbepackedandshippedtoMuscatwheregovernmentbuyerspurchaseditforexporttoIndia.Asmadidn’tlikeitstaste,preferringdatesthatwerefresh.Peopleinal-Awafibitintofaaghuuronlytotestthatthey’dgottenitrightandcertainlynotforanyotherreason.Notwhentheycouldeatripedates.Asmaandherfriendsspenttheentireharvestdayrunningaroundinplay,shimmyingupthesmallerpalmtreesandswingingfrompalm-fibreropestiedbetweentwotrunks.Theydelightedinannoyingthewomenworkinginthefields,pickingthroughthedatestheywouldcarrybackattheendofthedayinlargebundlesontheirheads,orcollectingtherottingdatesleftbehind,fillinglargesacks

Page 144: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

thattheywoulddragawaytofeedtotheirsheeportoselltootherswhoownedsheep.AsmacouldrememberhowshehadrippedaholeinFattum’ssackclothwithoutFattumknowingit.Asshewalked,therottendatesfallingfromhersacktracedalonglinebehindher.Fordaysafterward,Asma’sfriendslaughedattheimageofit.ButAsmahadgrownup.Shenolongerwenttotheharvestgames.Nowshedidn’tevengooutforthefirstdayofthemonthofDhual-Hijjatosingwithherfriends.

Muhammadhascomedowntothewadi

withoutanywaterorfood

Muhammadhascometoparadisenow

Andthehouris’daughtersareafterhim.

MygreetingsandprayersI’vegiventheProphet

MygreetingsandprayerstotheMessenger

Onthismorningitwasn’tlongbeforethehousewasechoingwiththevoicesofthewomenwhohadcometocarryhertrousseautothegroom’shome.TheyfilledthepickupthatEmigrantIssahadrentedfromaBedouin.Asma’stwocasesandhermanduswentin,alongwiththeembroideredpillowsandtwoPersiancarpets.Thefirstcasecarriedhernewclothes.ThesecondonehardlyheldanythingbutthebottleofFrenchperfume,thealoes-woodoilandthevarietiesofincensehermotherhadselected.Buthermotherinsistedonthetwocasesanyway,asasigntoallthatherdaughter’strousseauwasgenerousandworthy.Mayyawentalongwiththewomentoarrangehersister’sbelongingsin

hernewhome,whichAsmahadnotyetseen.ThebrideremainedbehindherfirmlycloseddoorwithKhawlaandaneighbourwomanwhowasinchargeofthecrucialmatterofhenna.Thoughtsofmotherhood,hernewclothes,thewomendancing,andwhatitwouldbeliketoleaveherchildhoodhomehadallwanderedthroughAsma’smind,butshehadn’tgivenathoughttoKhalid,herlong-awaitedbridegroom.Afewweeksbefore,whenhermotherhadinformedheroftheengagement,shehadconsideredthemattercalmlyandgivenherconsent.

Page 145: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Whensheandherfatherquotedpoetryateachother,eachonetryingtooutdotheother,Asmasometimesrepeatedlinesoflovepoetry,orifshedidn’t,herfatherdid.Shealwaysreadtohiminthewinterevenings,especiallyfromthecollectionofpoetrybythegreatwordartistal-Mutanabbi.Theywouldsmiletogetherattheopeninglinesofhisodes,onthelover’sgriefathisbeloved’sabsence,andhislonging.ButshewasnotasattachedtotheArabictraditionoflovepoetry,withitsflightsofcoyfancy,asherfatherwas.Norwassheparticularlydrawntothelovescenesinthefewnovelsshehadread.AfriendofhersfoundtheseatasmallbookstoreinMuscatbutwhenAsmatriedtoreadthemshefoundthemtoounrealisticandforeigntointeresther.ThelastnovelshehadreadwassomethingcalledSecretsofthePalacewhichtookplaceineighteenth-centuryFrance.Itwasallaboutroyalpassions–pleasure,betrayal,mirth.Asmadidn’tfinditconvincing.Shepreferredwhatsheconsideredmorerealisticbooks.Buttheonetextshehadfoundtrulymemorableandcompellingwasthepassageshehadmemorisedwithoutevenreallyunderstandingwhatitmeant.Somethingaboutspiritsorsoulsthatwereperfectlyroundonceuponatimebuthadbeensplitapart.Foraslongastheywereseparatedtheywouldsearchouttheirotherhalfuntiltheyfoundit.Thatishowsheimaginedlove:ameetingofspirit-twins.Shecertainlyneverimaginedexperiencingalovesofiercethathernightswouldstretchaslongasthenightsoftheloversinal-Mutanabbi’spoems,ornightsfilledwithworriesandcareslikeImru’l-qays’snights.Shewantedtomarrysomeonewhostoodoutfromothers,adifferentorderofbeing,butwhowouldalsogiveherasenseofsecurityandordinariness.Shewouldlovehim,ofcourse,andshecouldhavethemotherhoodshewantedsomuch.Herheartwasvacantenough,sowhywoulditnotopenupforKhalid?

Shedidconfesstoherselfthatshe’dnoticedMarwan,thecousinofhersisterMayya’shusband.Shehadseenhimonafewoccasions,andeachtime,shewastakenwiththesenseoftranquilpuritythatthisfigureinwhiteradiated,asilhouettewhohardlyspokeaword.Infactitwashismysteriousnessthatignitedherdreams.Shewasawarethatherglimpses

Page 146: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

ofhimhadbeenfew.Anyway,onthelastfeastdaywhenhehadcometopayhisrespectstothefamily,she’dbeenabitfrightenedbytheexpressioninhiseyes.Shedidn’tunderstandherfeelingsbutsheknewhisgazescaredher.Therewassomethingoddbeneaththesurfaceofhissilence.Shestoppedthinkingabouthim.Khalid...Khalid,thehorseartist.Hewascertainlysomeoneoutofthe

ordinary,asshehadfancied.Hisfather,Issa,hadacquiredhisnicknameof‘Emigrant’byleavingOmanforEgyptin1959afterthedefeatofImamGhalibal-Hina’iinthewaroftheJabalal-Akhdar.LikenearlytwothousandotherOmanifamilieswhofled,fearingtheEnglishandtheirruthlessmanipulationsofpower,IssahoistedtheburdenofhislittlefamilyontohisshouldersandsettledthemandhimselfinCairo.HissonsKhalidandAlifinishedtheireducationsthere,andhisdaughterGhaliyawasbornthere.WhenOman’snewgovernmentofferedanamnestyinthe1970s,askingthefugitivestoreturnandshareinconstructinganewawakeningforaunitedOman,IssatheEmigrantrefusedtheofferoutright,hisheadhighinexile.ButwhenGhaliyagrewsick,andthenwhenshedied,hermother

insistedthattheymustburyherinherancestraltown.KhalidhadjustgraduatedfromtheFineArtsAcademysohereturnedwithhisparentstotheplacehehadleftasaboy.AlistayedinCairotofinishhisdegreeandtoseeoutsomefamilyobligations.Thenhetooreturnedtoatownhebarelyrememberedfromchildhood.Nowheretheywereseekingmarriageswithhometowngirls,thesesisters,AsmaandKhawla.Alonggenealogyconnectedthetwofamiliesbutwhatmatteredwere

thefewholidayencounters.AsmaandKhalidhadspokenoccasionally.Oncesheevensawhispaintings,ontheonefamilyvisittotheirhomethathermotherallowedhertojoin.Shewasastonishedtoseesuchanoverwhelmingnumberofpaintingsallonthesametheme,allofthesameimage.Horses.Ali’spaintingswerepreciseanddetailed,capturingeverynuanceofa

horse’sbuild.Hissteedsbarelyskimmedtheground,asiftheyweretakingoffinflight.Studyingthesehorse-forms,Asmawasincreasingly

Page 147: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

certainthatthepaintingscontainedwithinthemsomekindofdisquiet.Theimagesmadeheranxious;shewishedthesehorse-figuresweremorefirmlyplantedontheground.Nowonder,yearslater,shefeltdrawntopaintingsofbarefootwomenwithsturdylegsandfeet,imagesthatredressedtheuneasethathadcollectedinsideofherasshegazedatthehorses–solight,fragile,transitory–inherhusband’spaintings.Solidchunkybarelegs;shefoundthemreassuring.IssatheEmigrantwasstraightforwardwithherfather.WewantAsma

andKhawlaforKhalidandAli.They’lllivewithusinMuscat.AnyonewhohaslivedforalongperiodinacitylikeCairocan’tendurelifeinatinybackwaterlikeal-Awafi.ForAsma,movingtoMuscatmeantshecouldcontinueherstudiesand

getadegree.Shewouldenrolinoneofthecity’ssecondaryschoolsandmaybeafterthatshecouldevengetadmittedtotheuniversitythatpeoplesaidwasunderconstruction,oroneofthecollegesthatalreadyexisted.Shecouldgoonlearning.Sherecalledhermother’sstoryabouthergrandfatherShaykhMasoud,theonewiththelibrary.Asmart,quickboywithaloveofknowledge,hewantedtogototheSaidiyyaSchoolinMuscat.ButhisfatherdecidedthatlifeinMuscatposedtoomuchofadangerforafutureheadofthetribe.Sotheboylearnedwhathelearnedfromshaykhsandimamsinmosques,movingbetweenthecentresoflearningthatexistedtheninNazwaandal-Rustaq,thoughheneverforgothisdreamofgoingtomodernschools.Lateron,heworkedwithsomeothersonfoundingamodernschool.Theywantedtolocateitinanopencityonthecoast,andtheychoseSur.Afteraflurryofplanningtheylaidthefoundationsbutthenorderswereissuedfromonhigh:theyweretodonomore.Inthe1940sthemereideaofeducatingOmanisterrifiedtherulers.Masoudandhisfriendslearnedofoneseniorbureaucrat’sreaction,expressedinanexchangewithanEnglishconfidante,whichsaiditall:ArewegoingtoeducateOmanislikeyoueducatedtheIndians,andsotheyrevoltedagainstyou,andsoonthey’lloustyouentirely?SotheschoolprojectinSurcametoanearlyandrapidclose.Masoud

returnedtohisbooks,procuredfromIndia,EgyptandtheArabcapitals

Page 148: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

attheeasternendoftheMediterranean.Salima,tellingAsmaabouthergrandfather,didn’treallyknowhowtoexplainherfather’sdeterminationwhenitcametostudies.ButAsmathoughtsheknewwhathemusthavefelt.Shesaidquietlytohermother:Thelongingtoknowthingsconsumespeoplesometimes.Itwasadesirethatconsumedherasithadhergrandfather,despitethemanyyearsthatseparatedthem.

Page 149: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Salima

WhenthetrucktookAsma’sweddingthingsawayhermothercollapsed,aloneinthebigfrontroom.Shefeltpangsofhunger,thatmostfamiliarofsensationsfromherchildhood,allthetimeshewasgrowingolder,crouchedatthefootofthekitchenwallinheruncle’sfortress-likecompound,deniedthebountiesofitskitchen.True,shehadnotspentherchildhoodstirringbigpotsorsweepingorcarryingwaterorwoodonherhead.True,shewasnotaslaveoraservant.Butnorhadsheeverhadthesatisfactionofafullstomachorthepleasuresofwearingprettyclothesorlearningembroidery,sinceShaykhSaidwasnotherfatherbutonlyherfather’sbrother.Shecouldn’tleavetheconfinesofthewalledcompoundorplaywiththegirlswholivednearby.Shedidn’thaveapartinthesharedlaughterandplaywhenwomenandgirlswerebathinginthefalaj,norinthedancingatweddingslikethegirlsfromslavefamiliesdid.Shecouldn’tbegivenremnantsofoldclothesoutofwhichshecouldmakegownsforwoodendolls.Butequally,shedidn’thavegoldchainsorbraceletstoputon,norcouldsheenjoythedelicaciesofthetablelikethedaughtersofshaykhsdid.Shegrewupatthefootofthekitchenwall,alwayshungry,alwaysobservingslavewomen’sfreedomtoliveanddance,andmistresswomen’sfreedomtocommandothers,adornthemselvesastheyliked,andmakevisitstotheirlikesinotherwell-offfamilies.Shecouldcertainlyrememberthevisitshermothermadetoherand

Muaadh,everyonesurreptitious,theirmamacowed.WhenMamacametoseethemhereyeswerealwayspuffy.Sheheldthemandmumbledwordstheycouldn’treallyhear.TheyknewhowshebeggedShaykhSaidtimeaftertimetoletthemlivewithher,inherbrother’shome.Buthealwayssaidthesamething.Hewouldnotabandonhisbrother’schildren,

Page 150: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

allowingthemtoberaisedbyvirtualstrangers,outsiderstotheirfather’sbigandimportantfamily.Salimaparticularlyrememberedavisitwhenshehadjustturnedten

yearsold.Insteadofsittingwithherinthecourtyard,half-hiddenunderthekitchenwall,hermotherledhertoaroominsideheruncle’sforbiddinghome.Sheunrolledherheadwrapwhichhadbeenknottedintoabundle.Undoingtheknotshetookoutseveralpairsofsilverearringsandaneedle.Shesmiledatherdaughter,tellingherthatafteralotofdifficultyandtoilshe’dcomeupwiththemoneytobuytheseearrings,justforher.Fromthisdayon,declaredhermother,Salimawouldbeeverybitasgrandasheruncle’sdaughters.PullingSalimaontoherlap,shepokedtheneedleintoapoundedcloveofgarlictopurifyitandthenplungeditrepeatedlyintoSalima’sear,makingatleasttenholesfromthetopofherearlobeallthewaydown.Thelittlegirl’stearssoakedhermother’slapasshesubmittedherselftothepain.Hermotherstrungblackthreadsthrougheveryhole.Twodayslater,aftertheswellinghadgonedown,hermothercameback.Shetookoutthethreadsandputinthesilverearrings,asetofgraduatedrings,increasinginsizeandheavinessthelowertheywereonherear.Hermotherwasveryproud,andSalimacouldseethat.Sheenduredtheterriblepainsthatwearingtheseheavyearringscaused.Herearsswelledandfesteredtothepointthatshecouldn’tsleeponherside,notoneitherside.Shespentcountlessnightsawake,tryingtofallasleeponherstomachwithherchinagainstthehardfloor.Bythetimeshefeltbetter,someweekslater,andgotusedtotheheavinessofthesilverearrings,she’dcometohateanysortofjewellery,indeedanyandallofthewayswomenprettiedthemselvesup.

Page 151: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Zarifasquatsonthegroundandherenormousbreastsspillontoherlapasherplumpfingers,heavywithsilverrings,undothetapingaroundthelittlecartonsoffinest-qualityOmanijelly-sweet.Shetapsthealmondgarnishanddarkbrownsurfacelightly,anditquivers.Justhavealookatthatsweetsight!Allthisgoodness,thentheysaytome,Don’teatit,rememberyourdiabetes,it’sallsugar,leaveit.Well,sugarornosugar,sorry,Zarruufdoesn’tleavesweetsalone.Allsugar,they’llgrumble,well,hah!Zarifapicksupalargechunkandcramsitintohermouthwithallherfingers,andmakesapointoflickingthem,asifnow,atthismoment,she’sgettinghersweetrevengeforthosemanyyearsofhungersheknewinthehouseholdofShaykhSaid,beforemyfatherboughther.Hidemeawayinyoursoftwarmchest,Zarifa–Iamfrightened.Hold

myhead,restitsomewherebetweenyourlapandyourbreasts.Letmebreatheinyoursweatandthesmellofbrothyoualwayscarry,andthen,letmesleep.Iamafraid,Zarifa.Myfatherwon’tforgivemeforyourdeath.Myfatherwillneverrelent,andIamafraidofwhathewilldo.He’scomeoutofhisgrave,againandagain,toquestionmeaboutyou.Hetiedmeupwiththatpalm-fibrerope,doyouremember,andhethrewmeupsidedownintothewell.Fromthebottomofthewell,Ishouted.Shediedapeacefuldeath,the

Lordtookheraway,longafteryourtime.You’dalreadybeendeadforyears.Buthedidnotraisemeoutofthewell.Heleftmethere,headdowninthepitch-blackwellshaft.AsGodisgreat,Father,Ididnotevenknow!I’dmovedtoMuscatby

thenandthebusinessconsumedeverymoment.Ionlywentbacktoal-Awafiforfeastdays.Iheardshe’dcomebackfromKuwait.Theysaidshe

Page 152: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

couldn’tstandlivingwithShanna.SomebodysaidShannathrewheroutofthehouse,andsomebodyelseclaimedshetriedtogetZarifalockedupasamadwoman,soZarifafled.StillotherssaidthatZarifajustmissedal-Awafitoomuchandcouldn’tendurebeingaway.ThatshesawhermotherAnkabutainadream,callingher,soshecameback.Shemovedinwithrelatives.Father,Iwassobusy.Itwasjustafterthestockmarketcollapsed,and

AbuSalihandIweretryingdesperatelytobuildupourbusiness.Father,Iwassobusy,allofthetime.IwasinMuscat,andIwasinal-Khuwayr,al-Ghubra,Iwasinal-Hayl,Sib,IwasineverysingletownandareaanywherenearMuscat,Iwassearchingforabitofland,ahouse,avilla,contractors,aclinicthatcouldhelpuswithMuhammad’sautism,English-languageinstitutes,accountingclasses,acarbiggerthanyouroldwhiteMercedes,anygooddeals,adecenttravelagent,reliabledomesticservants–Philippinas,Indonesians–schoolsforthechildren,tutors,adriver,placestospendtheevening,friends...Myfatherdidnotliftmeoutofthewell.Pull,Father!Hauluptherope.Tughardontheendyouareholding

untiltheotherendtightensaroundmywaistenoughthatIcomeup.Thewellisdark,Father,andsnakesliveinhere.Liftmeout,Iwon’tstealyourrifle,Iwon’tgooffwithMarhunandSanjar,anyway,Sanjarisworkingasaporterinthesouknow,Father,andShannaworksasaschooljanitor.Zarifaistheonewholeft,sheleftthem,shecouldn’tstandlifeinKuwait.Getmeoutofthiswell,Father.Iwon’tbelongingforthosemagpies

andIwon’tplayballwiththeboys.Iwon’tstayuplatelisteningtothebewitchingmelodiesofSuwayd’soud,Iwon’tscreamintoyourface,andyouinacoma,thatSanjarranawayjustlikehisfather,Habib,andthatI’mtheonlyonewhodidn’trunaway.Raisemeoutofhere,Iwon’tleaveZarifa,yourbeloved,yourmother,yourdaughter,yourslave,yourlady.Iwon’tleavehertodiealoneinsomeforgottenhospital.Thediabetesgotworse,Father,itwasterrible.Doyouknowwhatit

means,thesukkari?Itwentthroughherwholebody,itwashorrible,andtheyamputatedherleg.Herrelativessaid,Wearen’tgoingtokeep

Page 153: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

supportingacrippledwoman.Thentheycutoffherotherlegandtheneighbourssaid,Whoisgoingtotakehertothebathhouse?Whoisgoingtodragthisenormousbodywithnolegsoverthere?Thehospitaldirectorwaskind.Heletherstayinthereforgood,andthenursestookcareofher.Hoistmeup,Father.Zarifa,bringmeupfromthiswell.I’mafraid.Iamso,soafraid.

Page 154: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

AzzanandQamar

Azzanbroughtherclose.Najiya!MyFullestMoon,Iwantyou,mine.Iamyours,Najiyawhispered.Already.Hemoaned.No,notcompletely.Othersarealwaysother.Sheslippedoutofhisgrip.Whatdoyoumean?Imean,peoplearealwaysapart,Najiya,they’reseparateintheend,

evenwhentheythinkthey’reone.It’stheharshestkindofalonenessthereis.Shegavehimadisapprovinglookandatthat,hegrinned.Doyou

rememberIbnal-Rumi?NowNajiyasmiled.Thepessimist?Yes,ofcourse.Hehuggedhercloseagain.Doyouknowwhathesays?

ThoughIholdherclose,mysoulstillyearns

yethowcanIbecloserthaninherembrace?

Ikisshermouthtochasemyfeveraway

butmymadcast-offlove-thirstburnsevermore

Thereachofmypassion!Maythatcravingbecured

bythesweetnessofthatwhichmylipsdoabsorb

Myexposedweatheredheartwillneverhealitself

untilthesetwoselvesareseenasonemingled

Atthesameinstantthetwoofthemsighed.Thosepoetswhosangaboutthepleasureofpossessionweren’tlovers,

hesaidflatly.Theywerehunters.Najiya’ssmileturnedlightlysarcastic.Hunters?Yes,that’sright,Azzansaidfirmly.Alover,Najiya,doesn’tpossessthe

beloved,howevermuchpleasuretheloverfeels,andhoweverclosetothe

Page 155: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

beloved.Atruebelovedislikeyou–someonewhocan’tbeowned.Najiyalookeduneasy.She’dneverknownhowtohideherfeelings,and

itmadeherespeciallyuncomfortablethatAzzanwasspoilingtheirtogethernesswithwordslikethese.Whydidhehavetostarttalkingaboutownership?Hewastheonewhohadafamily,children–andshewasn’tdemandinganythingofhim.Shewasperfectlyhappylikethis.Itdidn’toccurtohertothinkaboutthingslike‘possession’and‘hunting’.Herdesirewastobehisloverandshewas,andshedidn’twantanythingelse.Whydidhealwaysappearsotorturedbycrypticfeelingsthatshecouldn’tgrasp?

Page 156: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

TheBridalProcession

Asmaplantedherselfinfrontofthemirror,imitatingKhawla.Thefigureshestaredatwasayoungwomanofmiddlingheight,barelytwentyyearsold,withwidebrowneyesandashortnose.Hereyelashesfeltheavy–allthoselayersofmascara–andtheredlipstickshethoughtmadeherfacelooklikeaclown’s.Sheglancedquicklyoverherbody,squeezedintotheweddinggownpickedoutbythetwomotherstogether,itsglossy,glittery,form-fittingdishdashawithitsgenerousembroideryatthethroatanddownthelongsleeves,aswellasthelengthofthetrain.Tracesoftheindeterminateanxietyshe’dfeltearlierreturned.Shetriedtodistractherselfbystudyingtheelaboratehennadesignsthatscrolledalongthebackofherhandsandaroundontothepalms.Sheglancedintothemirroragainandsmilednervouslyatthesightofherbosom,sohighandprominentundertheclose-fittinggown.Sherememberedhowfrightenedshehadbeen,afewyearsago,whenthefirstvisibletracesoffemininityhadtakenherbysurprise.Shehadloathedseeingthederisoryswellingonherchestandeveryeveningsheprayedthatbymorningitwouldbegone.Then,andforthenextfewmonths,shesubmittedtohersisterMayya’sadviceonhowtohidethisnewprotuberance.OnthateveningasshelistenedtoAsmacryingatthefalajwheretheywerewashingclothesasitgrewdark,Mayyasaid,Don’tbesoscared,Asma.It’sjustanewfattybulge.Ifyougiveitagoodrubwithsomesaltdissolvedinwarmwateritwillmeltaway.Ifit’sreallystubbornlikeminewas,I’lltakeinallyourundershirts,they’llpushitallbackandnoonewillseeanyofit.But,wearingheralteredundershirts,sometimesAsmacouldn’tbreathebecausetheyweresotight.Andallthesaltdidwastomakehersmallchestpeel,anditkeptongrowinganyway,untilhermotherorderedhertostartwearingaheadwrap.ShetaughtAsmahowtowrapitaroundher

Page 157: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

headandneckleavingsomefabricsothatitwouldcoverherchesttoo.Onceagainshecouldbreathefreely,andshestoppedsayingthosespecial,pleadingnightlyprayers.Now,Asmaloweredhereyestostareatherstomach,flatandtautin

themirror.Shecouldn’tkeepbackagrinassheimagineditroundingout.Andthen,assoonasitwasvacated,shehoped,itwouldgrowbigandroundagain.Shedidn’thaveaspecificnumberofchildreninmind–itwashardtoimagineanyofthis,really–butshecouldseeherselfvaguelyasanoldwomanstandingbesideanagedKhalidasdozensofsonsanddaughtersandgrandchildrengatheredaroundthem.Shelookedthemirror-figureintheeye,andbothofthemshivered.It

wasthethoughtthatshewasabouttojointheotherhalfofher,theselfwhichhadbeenseparatedfromherselfeversinceearliestcreation.Inhermindsherecitedthatfavouritepassageofhers,describinghowhumanswereonlyhalvesofawhole,longagodetachedonefromtheother,andnohalfcouldbetrulycompleteoratpeaceuntilitwasunitedwithitsmissingpart.WhatwasKhalidfeelingrightnow?Washeasanxiousasshewas?Washefeelinghappy?Oh!Despitealloftheseworriedthoughtsshecouldnotwaitforthemtobetogether.Atsunset,womenbegantodescendingroupsonSalima’shouse.They

crowdedaroundthehugeplattersofriceandmeat,andthetraysoffruit,thatsatonclothsstretchedacrossthecourtyard.Singingandthesoundofdrumsrose,andthecirclesofdancersexpanded.Zarifajoinedthegroupdancingthehambura.Thebridegroom’smotherarrivedwithagroupofkinswomenintow,theirgleefulshoutsaddingtothemayhem.Wewantourbride!Giveusourbride!Theydidn’ttarry,turningimmediatelytowardAsma,aseatedsilhouettedrapedinagreensilkshawl.Salimahelpedhertoherfeetandhuggedherbeforemanoeuveringherarmintothegraspofthegroom’smother,whomarchedherproudlytothedecked-outbrightredMercedesthatwaswaitingatthedoor,EmigrantIssahimselfatthewheel.Allthewomenfollowedtheprocessionout,climbingintothebusesorderedspeciallyforthewedding.TheywouldfollowthebridalcarallthewaytoMuscatandtheflatKhalid

Page 158: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

hadrentedasabridalretreat,andtheirnewhome.Withthebridalprocession’sdepartureasuddenstillnessfelloverthe

house,sendingfearintoSalima’sheart.Shecollapsedonthereception-roomsteps.Herewasthesecondofhergirlsleavingthehouse,andthiswasthedaughterwhotriedhertendernessthemost.Weraisethemsothatstrangerscantakethemaway,shewhimpered.Shelefteverythingjustasitwas;inthemorning,therewouldbepeopleheretohelphercleanandputeverythingright.Now,though,everyonewascaughtupintheongoingsinginganddancing,firstinthebusesandthenatthegroom’shome.ShewishedshecouldbetherewhenKhalidliftedthesilkshawlfromAsma’sface,butsherespectedthetraditionthatthemotherofthebridedoesnotgotothegroom’shomeonherdaughter’sweddingday.Inthemiddleroom,whereshehadslepteversinceAzzanabandonedherbed,sherolledoutherbeddingandlaydown,stillthinkingaboutAsma,andsuddenlyoverwhelmed,too,bymemoriesofherownweddingandthedayshewastakentoAzzan’shome.ShewasthirteenwhenheruncleShaykhSaid’swifeurgedhiminno

uncertaintermstosendhertohermothernow.Butonlyafterhisbrother’swidowbeggedhimonefinaltimedidShaykhSaidagreethatSalimacouldlivewithher,onconditionthatMuaadhremainedinhishouse.SoSalimamovedtohermaternaluncle’shome,whereshespenttheloveliestyearsofherlife,enjoyinghermother’swarmthandhermaternaluncle’saffection.Hermother’sbrotherhadnotbeenblessedwithchildrenandhewelcomedherwithopenarms.HishomewasnicknamedOrchardHousebecauseitwasatangleoffruittreesandbushes–mango,lemon,orange,quince,jasmine,roses.Theroomshadbeenbuiltinacrescentshapetoaccommodatethetrees.Thissmallorchardwasthecentreofthehouse,itspivotontowhicheveryroomopened.Thefresh,moistbreezesthatthisuniquebuildingletinsoonfilledSalima’sspirit.Sheespeciallylovedsinkingherfeetintotheseriesofsmallcanal-streamsthatkepttheorchardwatered,flowingintoalargerundergroundchannelthatwentonforseveralmetresbeforepouringintoal-Awafi’smaincanal.

Page 159: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Salima’srapturedidn’tlastlong.VerysoonherpaternaluncleinformedhermotherthathewasgoingtomarrySalimatohiskinsmanAzzan,agreenandheedlessboyafewyearshersenior.Hermotherwasnotkeenonthismarriageandherownbrothertookherside.Theyopposedthismatchstrenuouslyandpersistently,objectingonthegroundsthatAzzanwasstillatenderyouth,andstillayoungapprentice-followerofJudgeYusuf’s.Moreover,theyinsisted,itwasverypossiblethathewoulddecidetofollowthefamilymemberswhohademigratedtoZanzibar,leavinghiswifebehind.ButShaykhSaidputhisfootdownandwarnedSalima’smaternalunclethatifhedidn’topenthegatetoOrchardHousetoallowhertoleave,hewouldgetheroutinhisownway.Hermother’sbrotherfelthishonourhumiliatedbythisthreat.Heboltedthefrontgate.OnthedaythatShaykhSaidhadsetfortheweddingSalimawaseating

themiddaymealwithhermotherandunclewhen,fromthebigcanalintheirorchard,swarmedaclusterofslaves,menandwomen,whobelongedtoShaykhSaid.Waterdrippingfromtheirbodies,theyformedatightcirclearoundthestartled,andthenterror-stricken,family.Salimahadtogowiththemrightnow,theysaid.Otherwisetheywouldhavetotakeherbyforce,makingherswimthroughtheorchardcanaltothemainfalajoutside.Atthat,heruncleopenedthegate.ThemenandwomenwhohadinvadedhishometookSalimaaway,andafewhourslatershebecameAzzan’sbride.PeoplewouldgooncallinghertheBrideoftheFalajforyearsafterward.Many,verylong,yearsafterward.

Page 160: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Whydopeoplesaymygrandmotherdiedbewitched?askedLondon.Becausethat’showtheyexplainedanydeaththathappenedsuddenly

andanyillnesstheycouldn’texplain,Iresponded.Doyouknowwhatshewasillwith,Papa?Londonaskedintently.Idon’tknow,Imumbled.ButI’madoctor.SomaybeIcouldfigureitout.Didanyonetellyou

whathersymptomswere,andhowlongshewassick?Yes.Peoplesayshegotsickverysuddenly,twoweeksafterIwasborn.

Herskinturnedblueandherpupilscontracted.Shestartedsweatingveryheavilyandshecouldn’tstopshivering.Peoplesaidthespiritswerefightingitoutwitheachotheronherbodyandthat’swhyshewasshakingsohardandgivingoffsomuchsweat.Then,theysaid,thestrongestspiritwonherfromtheothers,andsoshequieteddownandgotverycold.Peopleassumedshehaddiedsotheyburiedher.London’sfacelookedverypale.What’swrong?Iasked.Thesesymptomsarecommontoanumberofillnessesbutmostlikely

theyindicatepoisoning,Londonsaid,hervoiceedgy.IrememberwhatGrammaSalimatoldme,shesaidalotofpoisonousherbs,likehabbal-muluk,andredandyellowdafla,growinthedesertaroundal-Awafi.Shetoldmethatsometimeswomenslippedtracesoftheseintotheirco-wives’foodtomakethemill.Thenthey’dhavethehusbandtothemselves.Iputmyarmfirmlyaroundhershoulder.London!Mymotherdidn’t

haveanyco-wives.Shenoddedherhead.Yes,that’strue.Wherewasmygrandfatherat

thetime?OnatriptoSalalahforhistrade.That’swhynoonetookherto

Thomas,theAmericanmissionarywhowasfamousbecausehetreated

Page 161: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

people’sillnesseswithouttakinganymoney.Peoplelinedupfromdawnuntillateatnighttoseehim.It’sveryodd,mutteredLondon.Theycouldbesymptomsofanother

illness...maybe...whoknows?Icouldn’tsleepthatnight.Everyonehadsimilarthingstosayabout

witcheryandthejinn.OnlyZarifaneverjoinedinwhenpeopletalkedaboutmymother’sillness.ButZarifawasdeadnow.DidquestionslikethesehaveanythingtodowithherinsistenceontastingeverydishbeforeIatefromit,allthroughmychildhood?Idon’tknow...Idon’tknow...HowwouldIknow,anyway?

Page 162: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

AzzanandQamar

AsthelastdrumbeatssoundedatAsma’sweddingAzzanwasrollingaboutonthecoolsandwithNajiya.Hestaredintoherface–themostbeautifulsighthehadseeninhislife–andrecitedsomelinesbyal-Mutanabbithathadcometohimjustthen.

Istakemywordonthedesertgazelleandwhatshe’sfreeof–

noslurinherspeechnorpencilled-oneyebrows

Thefacesofcitygirlsseenasprettyarenothing

tothefacesoftheBedouin,thosera‘aabib

Whatpassesforhandsomeintheeyesofsettledfolk

happenswithperfumesandpaddingbutnomadgirlsneednone.

Najiya’sdeeplaughterrocketedthroughthedesertsilence.That’syourfriend,theonecalledal-Mutanabbi,theoneyoutoldmeabout?Yes,he’stheone,Najiya,Azzanrepliedwithasigh.Shestartedlaughingagain.So,whatarethesera‘aabibhetalksabout?Azzansatupandbrushedthesandoff.Ara‘buba,Najiya,isawoman

withagorgeouslyfullbody.Andthegazelleofthedesert–that’syou.Oh,really.Shesoundedannoyed.DoIchewmywords,then,likea

gazellechewshercud?Youchewmyheart,Najiya.Aah,Najiya,JudgeYusuf–mayGod’s

mercysurroundhim–usedtotalktomeabouthearts.Onandonhewouldgo,andIdidn’tunderstandanyofwhathewassaying.NowIthinkIdounderstanditall.All?Azzan,myboy!JudgeYusufwouldsay.Yournameisawordthatholds

secrets–itisasecretinitself.Listen–thefirstletterinyourname,ayn,

Page 163: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

isacoldletterinthefourthdegree,anditholdstwolevelsofcoldmoisture,whichisthefirstofthesecretsofthethrone,the‘arsh,whichalsobeginswiththeletterayn,justlikeyourname.Aynisthefirstofitslettersandthefirstoftheworldsitinvented–andworlds,awalim,startswithayntoo.Yournameholdsthecosmos,Azzan.Najiyadidn’tunderstandanyofthis.HearingJudgeYusuf’sname

didn’tbringheranycomfort,either.ButAzzanwenton.WhenhemarriedMaryam,hetoldme,hisheartwasnolongerjusta

mirrorinwhichthebeautyoftheuniverseshone,likeitwasbefore.NowhisheartwascompletelytakenupbyMaryamandthechildren.Onetimehementionedtomethatheregrettedhavingignoredtheadviceofthegreatmasteral-Ghazali,whotoldhisdiscipletokeepwellawayfrommarriage.Torefuseitwhenhisfamilyinsisted,toturnitdowninthetimeofitsasking,whenhisfamilypresenteditashisworkintheworld.IsthisGhazalithefellowwhowrotethebookthatturnsreaders

insane?Najiyagrumbled.Whoisthisdisciple,andwhatdoesthatmean,inthetimeofitsasking?Godshowyouhismercy,JudgeYusuf!Whenthatmandiednotevena

singlehaironhisheadhadgonewhite.Al-Ghazali–Najiya,hewrotealotofbooks,andtheydon’tmakepeoplegoinsane.Butmostpeopledon’tunderstandthem.Theywanttobekepthappy,tostaycomfortable,sotheydon’tusuallytrytomeetalltheconditionsthatsomeonelikeal-Ghazalisetsforthem.Areyouhappyandcomfortable,Azzan?Hesmiledandclosedhiseyes.HowcouldIbe,whenmyheartis

chewedupinyourbeautifulmouth?Howwillmyheartbecomeapuremirror,Moonofmine?Iamyourmirror.Theyfellintosilence.Thehillsaroundthemweresilent.InAzzan’searsechoedremnantsof

sounds:thedrumsathisdaughter’swedding,Qamar’ssilveranklets,herlaughingthatseemeditselfastreamofblessedmusk,andherstoriesaboutthehand-workedfabricsthatmerchantsboughtfromhertosellto

Page 164: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

touristsinMatrah.Thevoicesandsoundsfaded,evenal-Mutanabbi’svoice,declaringhimselftoallinafamouslineasthevoiceknowntosteedsandthenight,tothedesertandtheswordandthespear,toinkandthepen.Allthevoices,allthesoundsbecamefadingcirclesspinninginhisheadbeforetheyquieted,makingroomforasingledeepvoice.JudgeYusuf’svoice.Hewhofaithfullystrivestounderstandanddowhatisbest;whofrees

himselffromexcessiveappetitesandangerandotherblameworthyactsanduglydeeds;whositsinaplaceemptyofothersandclosestheeyeofhissensestoopentheeyeofthehiddenandtolisten;whokeepshisheartintheworldofGod’skingdom,utteringthenameoftheAlmighty,preservingthisnameinhisheartalways,andofcourseonhistongue,untilheisnolongeraseparatebeing,apersonintheworld;untilheseesnaughtbutGod,praisebetoHisExaltedness.Tothisstrivingpersonwillbeopenedawindow.Whenhelooksthroughit,apersonwhoisablewillperceivemorethanordinaryfolkwill.Thoughhebeawake,thisdiscerningpersonwillperceivethestuffofdreams.Thespiritsoftheangelsandprophetswillcometohim,andsowillotherbeautifulandmightyimages,thekingdomofheavenandthekingdomofearth.Hewillhavevisionsthathecannotexplainordescribe.AsourProphet,peaceandblessingsbeuponhim,said:TheearthwasconcealedtomeyetIsawitseastanditswestboth.Azzan,ifyouwouldbethisperson,forsevendayscommityourselftorepeatingonlythenameofGod.Fastinthedaytimeandremainawakeforasmuchofthenightasyoucan.Detachyourselffromothers;donotspeaktoasoul,andthewondersofcreationwillberevealedtoyou.Dothisforafurthersevendaysandyouwillreceivethegraceofseeingthewondersoftheheavens.Anotherseven,youwillvisitthewondersofthehighestkingdom.ShouldyoureachfortydaysGodwillshowyouHismiraclesandimpartHishiddenknowledge.Azzanfeltashudderrunthroughhisbodyandsweatcoveredhim.

Najiyaleanedtowardhim.What’sthematter?Hegaveheralookofterror.Imustgo.Hesnatcheduphisslippersandwasgone.

Page 165: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

JudgeYusuf,Iamafraid.Afraid!Myheart’sbeensnatchedawayanditsitshighintheeagles’nest.Theblackexpansesthatshadowmyheartcrowdalloftheotherimagesout,Icannotseetheminitsmirror.Icannotsee,JudgeYusuf.Icannotseeanything.

Page 166: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

ZarifatoldmethatasatinybabyIcriedendlessly.Afterherhusbandmadeupwithherandshewentbacktohim,myauntwantedtotakemewithherbutmyfatherturnedherdownflat.HeassignedZarifatoraiseme.Heboughtseveralmilkingewesbuttheirmilkwasn’tenoughtoquietme.SosometimesZarifapackedmynosewithsnufftomakemegotosleep.Whenevershesensedmecryingbecausemyearshurt,shepouredafewdropsofcoffeeintomyearcanals.Orshetookmetonursingwomen,askingthemtosqueezedropsoftheirmilkintomyeyes,sinceshethoughtImightbecryingbecausemyeyeshurt.WhenIwasalittlebiggershestrungamuletsaroundmynecktoprotectmefromenvyandconvincedmyfathertopiercemyearssoshecouldhangsilverearringsthere.Whatshecalledthenight-folkmightnotrecognisethatIwasaboyandsnatchmeawayjustastheyhadkidnappedmymother.SheembroideredthecapsIworewithherownhands.Itcertainlydidn’tdiminishherpridethatonfeastdaysIwastheonlychildinal-Awafiwhoworeslippersandajubbadecoratedwithtinymirror-sequinsprocuredfromIndia.Zarifawouldrecountallofthis,chuckling.Sheraisedmeuntilthe

comingofTheGreatAngerasshecalledit,themassiveargumentbetweenherandmyfather;Ineverlearnedthecausesofit.Hepunishedherbyabandoningherandthenmarryingherofftothemosteccentricandaggressiveslavehehad,Habib,whowasatleasttenyearsherjunior.

Page 167: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

London

ThebusescomingfromAsmaandKhalid’sweddingwerebackinal-Awafijustbeforedawn.Thewomen’spassionforsonganddancehadgivenwaytoexhaustion,andsomeofthemhadfallenasleep.Mayya,though,satwideawakenexttothewindow.Everything,allofit,hadseemedlikeadreamsequence.Withoutanywarning,shehadbeenmarriedtothesonofMerchantSulayman.Next,hersisterwasmarriedtothesonofIssatheEmigrant.HeryoungestsisterKhawlawasstillwaiting–waitingforhercousinNasir.DuringAsma’sweddingfestivities,shehadwhispered,overandover:

Lord,bringNasirbacktome.EveryoneknewthatNasirwasn’tcomingback.ButstubbornKhawlawouldnotlistentoanyone.Mayyastaredoutthewindowatthehillsstillhalf-submergedin

darkness,andtightenedherarmsaroundherbabydaughter,onlyafewmonthsold.Ifthatwasit,simply,iflifewasadream,whenwouldanyonewakeup?Shestrokedherlittleoneandwhisperedhernamealmostsilently.London...London.Willyoubehappy,mybabydarling?BarelytwentyyearslaterLondonwouldbeanewdivorcee,extracting

herselffromamarriagecontractthoughnotyetinhermaritalhome.Withthedivorcefinalisedshebeganstrugglingwithallofthedifficult-to-untangleemotionsthatbruisedhersenseofself-respect–anincalculableblendoflonging,fury,antagonismandregret.Shewascertainshewouldneveragainbethatpersonshehadbeenbefore.Whatpeoplecalled‘anexperience’wasinrealityachronicdisease,surely–notoneyoucandiefrom,butnotonethatisevercured.Notoneyoueverreallymanage;you’reneverfreeofit,either.Whereveryougoitcomesalongwithyou,andit’sliabletoeruptatanymoment,remindingyouofconsequencesitcarriesthatyouwereeitherunawareoforwerediligentlyignoring.And

Page 168: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

theadvicepeoplegiveusto‘turnthepage’isnothingmorethanasickjoke.LondonhadtriedtoturnthepageonAhmad.Toclosethatpageandopenanewone.Howmanypeopleweredoingthesamething,dayinanddayout?London,comeon!Hanansaidtoher.Lifegoeson.WhereAhmad’s

concerned,justhitDelete,okay?Letitgo,shesaid,inEnglishtounderlineherpoint.Butthispagewasaheavyoneindeed,andtryingtoturnit,shecouldn’tkeepherhandsteady.MyGod,peoplearesodifferent.Howdootherpeopleturnthepage?Shetriedtoturntoanewpagebutshealreadyknewtherewerenoblankpagesinlife.She’dfeltthisscardeepeningintoawound,herdignityfesteredandshesawhumiliationstampedintheveryspotwheredesirestillburned.Shearrangedherstuffedteddybearsagainstthepillows,sprayedherexpensiveGucciperfumearoundtheroom,loweredthecurtainsonMuscat’snight-timeandtriedtosleepbutcouldnot.Herhardgazeturnedinwardandrippedopenherheart.Inhermind’s

eye,herheartwasatriangle.Whenmemoriesbegantorisefromthebaseofthetriangle,theyweresopowerfulandsodisturbingthattheyshookallthreesidesofthetrianglehard.Thewordspelteddown,allofthewordshe’dsaidtohersincetheveryfirsttimeshe’dencounteredhiminthelecturehall,andthelongtelephoneconversationstoo.Thesidesofthetrianglecollapsed,pulverisedbyallthewords,andleavingonlytinyword-shardsinitsplace.Sheturnedhereyesawaybutthenshecouldn’tseeanything.Hanan’swordsechoed,overandover:Letitgo!Asifthiswerea

rewindofsomeforeignfilm:hewasatreacherousloverandsotheheroinelefthim.Whenafriendsaidtoher,Ohdear...mydear,letitgo!theheroineforgothimimmediately.Bygoneswerebygones,theheroineturnedthepage.Endoffilm.SowhydidLondon’shandremainfrozeninplace,lettingitselfbecrushedundertheweightofthepage,untilshecouldnolongerturnit?Whydidthispain,obscurebutruthless,squeezehersohard?Whycouldn’tsheshakethishumiliatingsensation,desireandfailureinequalmeasure?Londonthrashedaboutinthe

Page 169: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

darkness.Shecouldn’tsleep.Orturnthepage.

Page 170: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Zarifa

ZarifareturnedfromAsma’sweddinginastateofcollapsepromptedbyallofthedancing,singingandconstantlyservingguests.ButMerchantSulaymanwaswideawakeandwaitingforher.Heparticularlylikedtakingherwhenshehadjustcomebackfromawedding,bothbecauseshewasstillinheroutsidefineryandbecauseshecarriedwithhertheallureofthenewmarriage,whichexcitedhim.Zarifawantedbadlytogetsomerestbutshegavehimwhathewantedasquicklyasshecouldandthenhedidfallasleep.Shethoughtshewoulddropoffimmediatelytoo,butasenseofunease

wasedgingitswayintoherthoughshecouldn’tpindownthesourceofit.Weddingsdidn’tbringherthepleasuretheyoncehad.And,asproudasshecouldbeofhowtrueherdancestepsstillwere,shereallyhadgottentooheavyforsuchthings.Anyway,whatmoredidaweddingreallyholdforherthantheendlessserviceshehadtogivetothewomenwhowerethereasguests?Constantlysupplyingthemwithfoodanddrink,andontopofthat,thedancingandsinging,andallthegossipaswell.Therewasnorealpleasuretobehadinweddingsanymore.Onlyinzarexorcisms.Thoseendlessceremoniesintoxicatedher,everythingfromthegrilled

meatandthedrinkingtotheheavyandincessantpoundingofthedrums,untiltheecstasyofitallliftedheroutsideofherself,beyondconsciousnessandintoonesortoftranceoranother.Insuchastateshemightwalkacrosslivecoalsorliebeneathhorses’hoovesorrollinthedirtunderthecareeningcirclesofdancingbodies.Hermother–Godbemercifultohermother–hadbeenthezar’sBigMama,theonewhodecidedonwhentoholdoneoftheseeventsinthefirstplace,andthenwhopresidedoverthem.Shewasthemedium,afterall,thewomanindirectcontactwiththejinnwhohadattachedthemselvesruthlesslytothe

Page 171: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

humanbeingswrithingonthehotcoals.SoletMerchantSulaymanwhipherforanabsenceoftwoorthreedayswhileshewasimmersedinthezar.Lethimaccuseherofplayingaroundwithoneofhisslaves,lethimcursehermotherasthechildofgenerationsofrunawayslaves!Lethimdowhateverhemight,butshesimplycouldn’tputanendtotheseragingblisteringecstasies.EvenHabibcouldn’tkeepherfromgoing.She’dleavenewbornSanjar

therenexttohimandslipoutsilentlyduringthenighttojoinhermother.Habibneverdidanythingtobringhimselfanypleasure,shetoldherself,andsohedidn’twantanyoneelsetogetanyjoyoutofanything.Ifitweren’tforthisunmanageablesonofhisshewouldhaveforgottenhimcompletely.Hewasalotyoungerthanshewas.Fromhismotherheinheritedhispaleskinandshortstature.WhenheclutchedhershefeltlikeshewasbeingheldbyoneoftheteenagedsonsofShaykhSaidwhousedtoputtheirhandsonherwhenshewasbarelyateenager,beforeMerchantSulaymanboughther.ShemadeheraversionclearineverypossiblewayuntilHabiblefther,beforeshecouldcauseatotalscandal,actingashermotherhaddonewithherownhusband,Nasib.Beforelong,Habibwasgone.Shethoughtshewaswellridofhim,no

longerforcedtoputupwiththewayhescreamed,fromthedepthsofhissleep,Wearefreepeople,free!Nolongerforcedtolistentohisravingsaboutthecorpsesthatwerethrownintothesea,thepirates,theeyedisease.Butherewashissonturningoutexactlylikehim.Sanjar,too,wouldrunawaybeforelongandherheartwouldburnwithgrief.Ifonlyshehadneverhadhim.ItstillmadehergroantorememberthelonghoursoflabourandSanjar’sdifficultbirth.Hermothertriedeverythingtoeasetheway.ShemadeZarifadrinkarotten-smellingviscousoil,followedbywaterintowhichwasmixedsoilfromagrave,andthenmorewater,thistimecollectedfromthedirtfloorofanabandonedandcollapsedmosque.Shemadeherdrinkthedissolvedleavesofalotustree,andhoneyoverwhichJudgeYusufhadrecitedversesfromtheQur’an.SheeventurnedZarifaupsidedown,sofranticwasshebythispoint.Whenshedespairedcompletelyshesaidtoherdaughter,Your

Page 172: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

grandmotherdiedgivingbirth.Deathisfate.ButZarifadidnotdie,nordidthebaby.Ankabutastuckherhandupthebirthpassage,tuggeduntilthebluishfleshappeared,andslappedtheshapelessthingseveraltimesuntillifesurgedintoit.Sheperformedthedate-in-the-mouthritual,tossedthebabyintoHabib’shands,andburiedtheafterbirthunderthethresholdaftersmearingitwithashesandsalt.ShesprinkledthesoftsandaroundexhaustedZarifawithwater,gaveherfenugreekandclarifiedbuttertodrink,placedaknifeatherheadtowardoffanyevilmagicthatmightbemakingitswaytoherorthebaby,andwenthometosleepafteravigilthathadgoneonforseveralnights.Stillawakeatdawn,sheaskedherselfwhoshehadbeen,the

grandmotherwhodiedgivingbirth?Zarifaknewalmostnothingaboutthegenerationsbeforeher.She’dhearditsaidthatherfather’smotherhadrunaway.Thatwasallsheknew.Questionsaboutthemhadneverparticularlyplaguedherinthepastandtheydidn’tmuchoccupyhernow,thoughnowandthenshedidthinkshecouldseethelittleAfricanvillageinwhichhergreat-grandfatherhadspenthisnightsinpeacebeforeitwaswrittenthatheandhisoffspringafterhimwouldbethrownintoentirelydifferentlives?AsSenghorwasbeingborninasmallKenyanvillage,theSayyid,Said

binSultan,wassigningasecondpactwithBritaintobantheslavetrade.Inthe1885accords,SayyidSaidhadalreadyagreedtoputanendtothecommerceinslavesthatmovedbetweenhisAfricanandAsiandominions.HehadconsentedtoallowingBritishnavalshipstostopandsearchOmanivessels,eveninOmaniterritorialwaters,andthroughouttheArabianGulfandtheIndianOcean.Theyweretoseizeandsequesteranyvesselsviolatingtheaccords.ButSenghorwasn’tevenquitetwentywhenhewasgoneafterbypiratesfromother,morepowerfulvillages.Undercoverofdarknesstheyslippedintothedenseforestsaroundthevillageandsetuptheirtraps.WhenSenghorwentoutatdawntogathersomefirewoodhefellintoatrapanditsnappedshut,caginghimin.Theyseizedhimimmediatelyandtookhimbacktotheirvillagealongwiththeothercaptives,theirharvestfortheday.

Page 173: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

ThenewslaveswereassembledatKalwaandloadedontoashipheadedforZanzibar.Itwasathree-daytripbuttherewasnothingtoeatordrink.Bythetimetheyarrivedataclandestinecollectionpointontheshoreneartheharbour,sixtyslaveshaddied,theirbodiespitchedoverboard.Thewaitingmerchants–somewereArabs,someAfricans–hadpaidtheheadtax,twodollarsapiece.TheshipemptieditscargoofslavesontotheshoretoawaitthenativeSurboatsthatwouldsailfromtheportofZanzibar.AstheywaitedthemerchantsseizedtheiropportunitytostrikebargainswithcertainEnglishplantationowners,whoreturnedtotheirfarmswiththeirownbounty:morethanonehundredslaves.AfewdayslatertheSurboatleftport,thecaptainhavingsolditscargo

ofdriedfish.EvadingtheBritishnavalships,atthesecretcoastalcollectionpointittookonboardtheremaininghumancargo,thosestillalivewhohadnotbeenboughtbytheEnglishmen,Senghoramongthem.Hebegantosufferfromhallucinations.TheshipcaptainkeptaheapofFrenchflagsinhiscabin;hehadacquiredfromtheFrenchauthoritiesinAden.HehadthemraisedhighabovedeckasaploytoavoidinspectionfromanyBritishshipshemightencounterunexpectedlyinthesealanes.AndsotheboatarrivedsafelyatSurharbourattheendofAugust,carriedbytheseasonalgustsofwindcomingfromthesoutheast.Senghorhadrecoveredfromhishallucinatoryspellsandtheseasicknessbythen,andhadbeguntolearnArabic.ThemerchantsinSurgottoworkdividinguptheslaves,their

argumentativebargaininglastingthroughthenight.HavingonceagaintakenfulladvantageoftheclashofinterestsbetweenBritainandFrance,theboatcaptainhidhisflagsawaycarefullyinhiscabinandwenthomehappy.Thenextmorningwhenthemerchantshadcometoanagreement,theslavesweretransportedingroupstoshacksoftwoorthreefloors.WithsomeothersSenghorwentuptothehigherrooms.Thewindowsweremerelylongslitsbuttheyallowedairinfromalldirections.Thoughthegroundfloorwasmeantforstorage,someofthemoretroublesomeslavesweredepositedthere.

Page 174: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Atnighttheheatwasstillunbearable.Theslaveswerepermittedontotherooftosleepintheopenair.Evenwiththebreezeofftheseatheairwasstifling.Senghortriedtocounteritbypouringwaterrepeatedlyoverhisbody.Hiseyeswereredbuthedidnotcry.Henolongerthoughtaboutthepast,orthefuture.Allhewantedwastosleeponfirmground.AfewdayslaterSenghorwasplacedwithasmallgroupwhoweresent

totheeastcoastwherefarmworkerswereneeded.Hedidn’tstaylong,forhewassoldtoashaykhinal-Awafi.There,Senghorworkedinthehouseandonthefarmtoo.Hemarriedoneoftheshaykh’sslavewomen.Whenhediedatfortyoftuberculosishehadhadtwodaughterswhodiedofittoo,andasonwhomarriedandhadsonsandadaughterbeforejoiningupwithagangofhighwaymenanddisappearing.HisdaughterAnkabutagrewup,afterherbrothershadallbeensoldaway,asanorphaninthehomeofShaykhSaid.Hehadjustinheritedhisshaykhlypositionfromhisfather,althoughhehadbarelyreachedthesixteenthyearofwhatwouldbeaverylonglife.

Page 175: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

AsmaandKhalid

WhenhisbrideAsmarecitedthewordsshe’dmemorisedasachild,aboutrestlesssoulsinsearchoftheirdepartedhalves,Khalidhadsimplyremarked,YoufoundthatinanoldArabicbook?TheDove’sNecklace,likely.TheDove’sNecklace?Asmarepeated.Whowroteabookwithsucha

lovelytitle?Hegaveheraratherloftysmile.AnAndalusianlegalscholarnamed

IbnHazm.Ithinkthisisfromthatbook.Asmaleanedtowardshimeagerly.Butdoyouthinkit’strue,Khalid?

Thatpeople’ssoulsreallywereunitedwhentheworldbegan,andthenweresplitinhalf?Helaughed.Asma,it’sonlyanancientlegend.Thatpeoplewereallthe

same,allonesex,maleandfemaleboth,allchildrenofthemoon.Everybeinghadfourhands,fourfeetandtwoheads,that’swhattheysaid.Andthen,thegodswereafraidthatcreatureswithallofthiswouldbetoostrong,sotheysplitthemintwo.Onlythebellybuttonremainedasareminderofthatoriginalwholeness.Peoplebecameeitheronesexortheother.Eachhalfhastosearchforitsotherhalf.Shewhispered,AmIyourotherhalf,thehalfthatwassplitoff?Hehuggedhertightly.ThehalfIhavefinallyfound.Hehadtoldherhow,justseeingheronce,hehadfalleninlovewith

her.Itwasn’tverylong,though,beforeAsmabegantorealisethatpeoplearenotsimplyunmadehalveswhofindtheirotherhalvesandmiraculouslybecomewhole.Neitherbodiesnorspiritsareemptyglobessplitdownthemiddle;nopairexistswhosesoulsadhereperfectlylikethetwoidenticalhalvesofaperfectlyroundsphere.Evenmoredisturbing,shebegantorealisethattherewasnowayshecouldbeKhalid’sother

Page 176: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

half,onceuponatimesunderedbutwhich(heassuredher)hehadnowfound.ThiswasbecauseKhalid,onhisown,tookonthelikenessofacelestial

spherecompleteuntoitself,orbitingonlyalongitsalreadydefinedpath.Khalidknewexactlywhathewantedandnowhewasgettingeverythingheneeded:afondfamily,hisdiploma,andhisartwhich–hemadecleartoAsma–wasatoncehisinnerworldandhispublicwork.WhathadattractedhimtoAsma–asshegazedwide-eyedathiscanvases–wasthatshefithisneedsperfectly.Hehadalreadydecidedonmarriagetoawomanwhowouldsomehowstandoutfromalltheothers,withsomequalityofnote.Hechoseaccordingly,lookingforawomanwhowouldfallinstantlyintotheorbithehadmarkedout,whowouldalwaysbetherebutwouldalsoalwaysstayjustoutside,yetwithoutwantingtocreateherowncelestialsphere,herownorbit.SoheencouragedAsmatocontinuehereducation,thoughatnightschoolbecausethelawnowprohibitedmarriedwomenfromattendingtheregulargovernmentdayschools.Heurgedhertogoondevelopinghersincereloveofreadingandwhensheachieveddistinctioninherteacher’scertificateheencouragedhertogetajob.Afterall,hermatureskillsandaccomplishmentswouldadvancehissocialstatus,nottomentionthattheyconfirmedhisconfidenceinthechoiceshehimselfhadmade.Shewasawifeonecouldbeproudof,andhisacquisitionofherputthefinaltouchonhissocialacceptability.Yes,hehaddoneit:arespectablyablewife,circlingwithinhisgravitationalpull,quietly,invisibly,insideitsorbitalpath,neverstrayingbeyond.Itdidn’ttakelongforAsmatodiscoverallofthis.Nevertheless,she

absorbeditcalmlyandmethodically,herfeelingsalreadycomposinganattitudeofscepticalaffection.Hersentimentswerebalancedandsteady,completelyunlikehis.Atfirsthewasveryconsciousandcarefultoadheretotheorbithehadtracedout,andhewasalwayscheckingtobecertainthatAsmawasrightthere,orbitinginhiswake,andwatchfulaboveallthatsheneverveeredoffcourse.Inhisownfashion,hedidfallinlovewithher.Asthedayspassed,hisincandescentfeelingsdidnotdim,either.He

Page 177: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

heldherhighinthefirmament.Shewasararewonder,aradiantandtranslucentbutterflywhoreflectedthelighthislovegenerated.Shewastheflashofperfectionthatconfirmedhissharpsenseoftheworld.ButAsmawasnobutterfly.Shewasn’tonetodiveintotheglareonlytofindherselfscorched.Shehadonlytocalculateaprudentdistance.ShehadalreadylearnedthatthereweretimeswhenthefirewouldgocoldandKhalidwouldslipaway,crawlingorperhapsrunningtohiswarren,drawingthatcirclearoundhimselfandseeminglyforgettingAsmaentirely.Hemightstayinsidethatimperviouslittlecircleofhisfordays,weeks,sometimemonths.ThensuddenlyhewouldonceagainbecomeAsma’spassionatelover,somuchsothathispassiontormentedher,pullingherinsideahellishparadise,ahard-to-sustainworldofabsolutepleasures.Howecstaticallysheblossomedintheearlydaysofhislove,astonishedthatinamatterofdaysshelivedwhatshehadnotlivedinherwholelifetimebefore.Shelovedhimwithastartling,inexplicablethirstandacravingtofeeleverything.Unlikeherhusband,though,shewasnotacreatureofimpulse.She

wasnotinanyhurrytoembraceallthejoysofloveinonegulpofintoxicatingether.Ashewasgrowingquiet,herlovewaspushingitsrootsdeepintotheearth,readytogrow,oneshootuponanother.AtfirstwhenhewentintohisshellAsmawasbewilderedandupsetalmosttothepointofgivingintoherdespair.Butastimepassedandsheaccumulatedexperiencealongwithwisdomandsocialsense,shelearnedhowtoaccommodatetothesituation.Shedidlovehim,too–thissceptical,careful,slightlydistantlove.Butshebegantakingprecautions.Sheformedherowncelestialorbit.Intheend,andwithagreatdealofpatience,self-examination,andoccasionalsacrifice,theylearnedtocreateenoughspacethateachcouldorbitfreely.Whentheycollided,andiftheyfused,AsmaandKhaledknewitwasonlyatemporarydisruption,andthateachpathwouldreturntoitsowncourse.Withtheyears,children,anaccumulationoffriends,andherbooks,

AsmamadeherpeacewithKhalid’sartandself-absorption.Sheleftitalone,thecirclehedrewroundhimself,remaininginsidecontentedwith

Page 178: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

nothingmorethanthewoodthatwouldsoonreceivehispaint.Shelearnedpatiencewithhishorses:theirhardeyes,thinbodies,strainingmuscles.Shecoulddealwiththeinvariableshadesofbrown,blackandwhite.Shemadeherpeacewithit,allofit.Inreturn,theartisthadtoreconcilehimselfwiththefactthatshewasherownconstellation,independentandwhole,asphereuntoitself.WhenthechildrenbegantoarriveAsmaorderedabedmadetoher

specifications,wideenoughtoholdallofthem.Theysleptthere,limbsentangledasiftheyhadallsproutedatoncefromherbodywhichlaythereamongthem.Shepersuadedtheartistthat,oncebrandedbychildbearing,amother’sembracecouldnolongerbealover’sembrace.Nowitwasaboutgivingmilkandsecuritytotheseopenmouths,andwavingprotectivescentsinfrontofthesetinynoses.Everybirthconfirmedtoherthatthiswaswhatherlifemeant:hearing

thesharpscreamoflifefromatinybody,sofinelysculptedinallofitsdetails,whichhadcomeoutofhers.Timeaftertime,untilwheneverherbodystoppedmakingnewlife.WhenAsmareachedherforty-fifthbirthday,herbodyhadsproutedfourteenyoungplants,livingforlightandcolour,intheartist’shouse,eveniftheytookinthatlightawayfromthepainter’sremotepaintbrush,poisedinendlessthralltothebridlesofhissilenthorses.

Page 179: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Onthe20thofMarch1986,whenmyfatherhadhisfirstheartattack,LondonwasfiveyearsoldandSalimwastwo.Onthe26thofFebruary1992hediedintheNahdaHospital.MysonMuhammadwasoneyearoldand,thoughwedidn’tyetknowit,hewouldturnouttobeautistic.Ilivedsixyearsinconstantterroratthethoughtofmyfather’sdeath.

Butwhenhediddie,itfeltlikehehadalreadydiedseveraltimes.Thelastofhisdeathsgavenorelief,nomercy.Itdidnothingtodispelmyterror.InthefirstweeksafterhispassingIcouldnotsleep.Iwastooangry.

Ragecreptlikeaslowlitfusethroughmyblood,burningmeasitburroweddeeper.Overandover,obsessively,Isketchedthesceneinmymind:me,standingnexttohisbed,wherehelaycoveredwithawhitesheet,theodourofantisepticeverywhere,peoplecominginlittlegroupsintothewhiteroom,peopletakinghimawayandleadingmetooneoftheirlittlecarts,nooneofferingmeanycondolences.Thedeadmanmustbeburiedfirstandbeforeanythingelsecouldbesaid.Wearriveinthevillageandtheytakehiminsidethehouse.Ihear

Zarifascreaming.Peoplearefillingbucketsofwater,erectingtheritualpalm-branchbenchesinthewestcourtyardandputtingupscreens.Someoneushersmeintherewithmyfather’sbodybecauseI’mtheonewhoshouldwashit,allbymyself.Mayya’sfather,Azzanhimself,handsmethewaterandinstructsmehowtorubmyfather’sbody,partbypart,limbbylimb.JudgeYusuf’ssonAbdal-Rahmanhelpsmedryhimoff,perfumehim,andwraphimintheshroud.Peoplelifthimintothebierandtheysetonecornerofitonmyshoulder.Wemarchtothecemetery,westofal-Awafi.IcanhearpeoplesayingthereisnoGodbutGodinhishonourandalsothescepticalwhisperings.NowSuwaydhasdugthepitandAzzanlowersmeintothisgravesothatIcanreceivemyfather’sbody

Page 180: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

andlayitproperlyonitsrightside.Itakeinthemoistfreshnessofthesoildownthere.Iclimbupoutofthegravesothatotherscanmakealayerofstonesovertheshroudedbodybeforetheypileuptheearth.Finallytheyfixalargestoneintothegroundwherehisheadwouldbe,andeveryonereturnstoal-Awafi.Athometoreceivecondolences,I’mgreetedbyonemanandthenext,

andtheyallaskGodtoblessmyperiodofmourningandmakegoodcomeofit.Irespond,overandover.Goddecideshowlongwelive.There’scoffee,lotsofcoffee,andthenlargetraysofriceandmeat.WhendarknessfallsIreturntothehouse,tomyfather’sroom,withnothingbutthisall-encompassinganger.Sevendaysofthis,andthenthemourningperiod–forvisitors,anyway–isover.Someyearslater,otherdetailsenterthispicture.I’llseemyfather’s

bellytrembleslightlyunderthebucketofcoldwater.Thewaterwillformasmallpool,andthispondseepsouttotricklethroughallthealleysofal-Awafi.Theodoursoflotusandembalmingfluidpervadethedampalleyways,andIwillseemyfather’sindexfingerliftedslightly,justenoughtocauseaslightswellingonthewhitedeathshroud.I’llseehishandsweepasidethestonesandthesoil.Onlyhishandremainsthere,outsidethegrave.IwillseeZarifaamputateherownlegsandpluckoutthewhitehaironherhead.

Page 181: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

TheManintheDesert

TheplanetSaturnwasdirectlyahead.Themanstandingaloneinthedesertwasreadyforit.HepreparedtheblendofingredientsthatwentintothesmoketobeofferedtoSaturn.Alittlesaffron,flaxandsomesoiledwool,thebrainofacat.Hehadalreadycheckedcarefullytomakecertainthatthereigningsignwasachangeableone,thatthemoonwaswhereitshouldbe,andthatSaturnandMarswerebothalignedfacingthemoon.Aspleasedashewasrelievedbywhathesaw,themanbreathedoutacontentedsighasthereflashedintohismindthewoman’sfaceinthedarknessasshelefthishome.TheBrideoftheFalaj.NowSaturnwasatthepoleofthesky,gazingtowardthetwolitbodies

–thesunandmoon–asthetwofellawayfromeachother.Heblendedthesaffron,flax,brainmatterandfleeceandburntituntil

itwasaproperincense,oftherightdensitybetweenhisfingers.HeputontheritualgarmentsforhiscommunicationwithSaturn.Saturn!Saturndemandedalengthofblackandgreensilk.Onthewristheheldclosesttotheplanetheworecast-ironarmlets,bonesinhishand.Thesolitarymaninthedesertlaunchedhisferventcall.GreatSayyid,

VictoriousOne,CrusherofAll,MightySpirit,ofPureMindandBroadestUnderstanding,PiercingofGazeandAstuteness,ResilientKingandSultanwhoVanquishesTimeitself,CauserofPain,Saturn!ColdDryStar,LoyalStar,TrueinAffections,MasterofSorceryandCunning,AngryandPowerfulinMalice,EverAble,EverRealizingyourDarkPromises,BringerofPainandTorment,ShaykhofCraftandDeception,BringerofWoeonWhosoeverAttemptstoThwartHim,ofMiserytoWhosoeverResistsHim–Ientreatyou,FatherofFathers,MostDeservingofthefealtyofyourgreatancestorsandhonourableassociates,ontheTruthofYourCreatorandtheOnewhogivesyoupower,Bringerofallthatis

Page 182: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

sublimeandallthatliesbelowtheearth,Possessorofall:IentreatyoutocutNajiya,daughterofShaykha,fromAzzan,sonofMayya,inthenameofthesespiritsoftheotherworld;toseparatethemasdarknessisseparatedfromlight,andtoleadthemtodespiseeachother,everenemies,liketheenmitybetweenfireandwater.Iaskyou,GreatFather,todonothingotherthanknottingAzzan’scarnaldesireforNajiyatomakethatknot–bythepoweroftheseotherworldlyspirits–ashardandfastastheknottingoftheserockfacesandboulders.

Page 183: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Khawla

NowthatAsmawasmarried,Khawlawasaloneinthehousewithhermother.Onrareoccasionsherfatherjoinedthem.Heneversmiled.Althoughhermotherwasnotseverewithher,Khawlafeltdejectedand

irritatedbytheconstrictedlifeathomeasthedayswenton,andshewithdrewintoherselfmoreandmore.Hersingle-mindedfixationonherfigureandherlooksbecameanobsession.Shealmostwentmad.ShewaitedforNasirwithaconvictionthatsimplywouldnotadmitanyofthedoubtothersweretryingtoinstilinher.ShewasVirginieinthetaleofPaulandVirginie;Laylainthelegendofherpoet-lover’sdevotion,soobsessivehewasnicknamedMajnun,theMadOne;shewasthetragicJuliet.Shewasallthewomenthroughalltheageswhoselovehadbeeneternalandtrue,whohadsacrificedthemselvesoutofloyaltytothatlove.Theonlypassagethathadmeantanything,amongstthemanyculturalnuggetswithwhichAsmawasalwaystryingtorefineher,wasthestoryaboutthesoulssplitapartwhowereforeversearchingrestlesslyforcompletionandwouldfindrestonlywhentheywerereunited.KhawladiscoveredthatthisideawasnotinTheDove’sNecklaceafterall,butinamuchlessfamousbookcalledal-Zahra.Theimportantpoint,though,wasthatNasirwasherhalf-soul,andsohewouldinevitablycomeback.Nasircameback.True,shehadtowaitanotherfiveyearsandrefuseatleasttenoffersof

marriagebeforeNasirreturned.Buthecamebacktoher.Atleast,that’sthewayitlookedtoher.ThetruthwasthatNasircame

backhavingcompletelyrunoutoffundsinCanada.Yearsbefore,hisscholarshiphadbeensuspended.Hehadlivedontheverylimitedexpensemoneythathismotherhadsenthimsecretly,plusminorjobsthatheneverstayedwithforlong.Thenhismotherdied.Hewasthrown

Page 184: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

outofhislatestjob.Hehadnochoicebuttocomebacktoal-Awafi,wherehesoondiscoveredthathismotherhadputconditionsonherwill.IfhewantedhisinheritancehewastomarryKhawla.SohemarriedKhawla,andhegotthemoney,andtwoweeksaftertheweddingheflewbacktoCanada.Beforehismother’sdeath,Nasirhadsettleddownwithagirlfriendina

littlehouseinMontreal.ReturningfromhisshortfuneraryvisittoOman,hedidn’tseeanycompellingreasontotellherabouthismarriage.Fortenyears,NasirreturnedtoOmanonceeverytwoyearstoseethenewchildinhishouseandtoleaveKhawlapregnantagain.Khawlaheldonfiercelytoherdream.Nasirhadcomebacktoherand

shewouldnotlosehimasecondtime.Themorepatiencesheshowedwithhisserialabandonment,themoreestimablesheseemedinherowneyes,ifnotinanyoneelse’s,andthemoresenseitallmadetoher.Herpainfullifewasexemplary;itwastheepitomeofthegreatestsortoflove,asublimeandself-immolatinglovethatcouldnotbeshatteredbyanything,noteventhecruelharshnessofthelover,whowouldnosoonerarriveinOmanthanhewouldwraphimselfinlongtelephoneconversations;whohungaphotoofhisCanadiangirlfriendonhiscarkeyring;whobroughtfancyclothesfromCanadaforhischildrenbutneverintherightsizesbecausehedidn’tevenknowhowoldtheywere.Wheneverhersistersorhermotherrebukedher,Khawla’sresponse

wasthesame.Heworksthere,buthe’llcomebacktohisowncountryintheend.He’llcometohissenses,he’llcomebacktohiswifeandchildren,andhishome.He’sagoodmanatheartandthat’swhatwillbringhimback.Whenherdreamcametrue–whentheCanadiangirlfriendleftNasir,

throwinghimoutofthehouseinMontreal–heandKhawlahadalreadybeenmarriedforadecade.Hecameback.Hefoundagoodjobinacompany,andhebegantogettoknowhiswifeandchildren.

Page 185: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

Atabouttheageoften,LondonwouldaccompanyhermotherregularlyonjauntstoTheFamilyBookstoreinMuscat.Hermotheralwaysboughtchildren’sbooksinEnglishforher.Althoughbythentherewerequiteafewbookstoresinthecity,TheFamilyBookstorewastheoldestandremainedthemostprominent.Itwasnolongerdedicatedtothepurposeforwhichithadbeenestablishedlateinthenineteenthcentury:foundedandbuiltasashopspecialisinginBibles,itwasanarmoftheAmericanmissionaryeffortinOman.Butatsomepoint,someonerealisedthatageneralbookstoreofferingagoodrangeoftitleswouldbemoreappealingtotheordinaryreaderthanashopsellingtheGospels.Andso,inthelate1960s,itacquiredanewnameandalargerfootprint,andtherewereevenattemptstolaunchbranchoutlets.Thereputationitgraduallymadeforitselfasasecularbookstoreledtocriticism.TheMiddleEastCouncilofChurchesinvestedinmajoreffortstoreturnittoitsmissionarycommitments.Mayyawasn’tconcernedwiththebookstore’sreligioushistory.Shehad

asingle,cleargoal:thatLondonlearntoreadinEnglish.Later,heraimwasthatMuhammadlearntospeak.Whenheturnedfivehereffortsfinallyborefruitandtheboybegantotalk.Butheusedwordsdifferentlythanotherchildrendid,andhiscommunicationswithusremainedfundamentallydependentonsignsandgestures.Althoughthedoctorsmadeitcleartomethatautismwasnotan

inheritedcondition,nordidithaveanythingtodowiththeenvironment,theuncertaintyaboutwhathadcauseditpersuadedMayyaandmenottohaveanymorechildren.WhenIseeMuhammad,Itrytorememberthingsaboutmyown

childhood.HowdidIfeelaboutlifewhenIwashisage?Butwhatever

Page 186: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

floatstothesurfaceofmyconsciousnessisconnectedtotheBigHouse,builtofgypsumplasterwhichmyfatherrebuiltincement,addingonmanymorerooms.IcanremembertheexactcoloursoftheballsIwasnotallowedtoplaywithinthestreetwiththeotherboys;thetinyflashingmirrorsonmyIndian-madecoat;thestatuesquefigureofmyuncle’swifebeforetheymovedtoWadiAday;thefatgoldbraceletsonmyaunt’swrist;thefragranceofthepaper-thinbreadasZarifapulleditfromthehotoven;thehornofpeppercornsinmymouthonthedayHabibmarriedher.Iboughtherfortwentycoins,myfatherwouldsay.Attheworstofthe

economiccrisis,whenabigsackofriceimportedfromCalcuttaorMadrascostonehundredcoins,andZarifacosttwenty.ThesewerethesilverMariaTheresacoinswhichcouldnotbefaked

becausethesilverwassopure.Myfatherhoardedthem,keepingtenortwentyorfiftyintheleatherbagthathealwaysknottedontohisbelt.Foralongtimehehadnothingbutscornforthepaperriyalsthathadsinceappeared,untilhewasforcedtobowtotheirsuperiorpower.Mayya,ontheotherhand,seemedcompletelyenamouredofriyals.Her

dream,shetoldme,wasthatweacquireasmanyriyalsaswepossiblycouldsothatwecouldleaveal-AwafiandbuildanicehouseinMuscat.Meanwhile,hermotherwasdemandingthatIpromisenottotakehertothecity.ThatirritatedMayya.Shewouldnotliveforever,herwholeandentirelife,undertheswayofhermother,inthewaythatIlivedcompletelycowedbymyfather’severyword,shedeclared.WhentherumoursspreadaboutthedisappearanceofthealluringBedouinwoman,herfather’slover,Mayyasaid,Mymotherhassomethingtodowiththis.Buthermotherwasawomanwhoneverleftthehouse.Howcouldshehaveplayedaroleinthewoman’sdisappearance?SomesaidtheBedouinwomanhadcomedownwithamysterious

diseasethatmadepartsofherbeautifulbodydropoff,orthatherlimbswererottingaway,beforeshevanished.OtherssaidshesoldherhouseandcamelandwenttosettleinMatrahinordertosellherBedouinneedlework.Stillotherssaidshehadsuddenlygonemadandsoher

Page 187: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

friendscarriedherofftoIbnSinaHospital.Wordalsowentaroundthatherneighbours,whohadturnedthesatellitedishintheirtwo-storeyhouseintoanenormoustroughwheretheirlivestockateclover,respondedtohersarcasticwordsaboutthembytraininghermongoloidbrothertoshootbulletsandmakinghimbelievethathissisterhadbroughtshameuponallofthem.Theytaughthimhowtousethepistol.Theyburiedthecorpsesecretlyonenightbeneaththebiggestsanddune.

Page 188: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Khalid

Asmaasked,Whydoyoudraw,Khalid?Tofreemyselffromexistingonlyinsidethenarrowspaceofmyfather’s

imagination,andthentore-inventmylifeinthespaceofmyown.AllthetimeIwasachild,andallthewayintomyearlytwenties,myfather’sviewofmewasdefinedbywhathesawinhishead.Hehadhisownfanciesanditwasalwaysveryclearjusthowfartheywent–andnofurther.Iwasthefuelthatfiredhisimaginationandhiswholeimageofme,forever,wasbasedonhisabsolutecertaintythatIwouldbethelivingversionofwhatwasinhismind.Heneverquestionedthis!So,doingartbecameasnecessarytomeasdrinkingwaterandbreathingair,andthatbeganintheverymomentIrealisedIcouldn’tlivethisway,Icouldn’tsurvivewithoutfollowingmyownimagination.Artandimaginationarealikeinthatway,Asma.Theygivesomekindofworthtomyexistence.Nomatterhowfineandpleasantrealitymaybe,withoutimaginationlifebecomes...well,unbearable.Doyouseethewaypeoplemovethroughlife–andImean,justthe

littlebitsoftheirlivesyoucansee?Mostoftheirmovementthroughlifeisinvisible,itgoesoninsideofthem,soforusitexistsbeneaththesurface.Theirownprivateworlds,theirimaginations.WhenIliberatedmyselffromlivingthroughmyfather’sheadIcreatedmyownimaginationwithapaintbrush.Igrewmyhairlong,andmybeard,IworejeansI’drippedupdeliberately,andIdroppedoutoftheCollegeofEngineeringsoIcouldentertheCollegeofFineArts.SometimesIwentonpaintinguntilIcollapsedfromexhaustion.IfI

wasdoinganythingelse,evenjustwalkingdownthestreetorsomethingsimplelikethat,Ifeltlikepartofmyhandwasmissingbecauseitwasn’tholdingapaintbrush.Thebrushwaspartofmyhand,growingwithit.

Page 189: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

MybrushbreathedthesamewayIdid.Ilivedinmypaintings,whateverwasoutsidenolongerconcernedme,ortouchedme,really.AllIneededwasmyimagination.TheenergyIhadforsketchingandpaintingwasinsane.ItwasasifIwassufferingfromafever:Ilivedinafogofsweatanddeliriumandfeelingcompletely,absolutelyonewithmyart.Myartsavedmefromactingouttheimagemyfatherhadmadeforme.

IssatheEmigrantcouldn’tforgetforamomentthathewasanemigrant.Hecarriedhishistorylikeitwashisdestiny,andhewasalwaysworkingtomakesurehisfirstbornsonwouldcarryhishistorytoo.Thissonofhiswouldbehisrevenge,whichhecouldwaveinthefaceofdefeat,frustration,andforcedabsencefromthehomelandthathadbetrayedhim.Everyday,IssatheEmigrantclosedhiseyestoopenthemontothe

truthofhisidentity.HewouldgooutandmingleintheCairostreets,hewouldspendeveningschattingwithEgyptians,heputhischildrenthroughEgyptianuniversities.Buthedidn’tforgetforasecondthathewasIssa,sonofShaykhAli,whocarriedtheburdenandthewoesofOmanonhisshoulders.ShaykhAliwasinthedelegationthataccompaniedShaykhIssabinSalih,theImam’sambassador,onthedaythefamousTreatyofSibwassignedbetweentheEnglishandtheSultan,ononeside,andtheImamandthetribesalliedwithhimontheother.Heneverforgothowpositivelyoverjoyedhisfatherwaswhenthistreatywassigned.Itgavethemfreedomofmovementintheinterior,andinfluenceonmoretribes,andhelpedthemspreadtheircallsforunityandorganizationinpreparationtogoagainsttheEnglish.AllthedetailsofhishistoryandidentitykeptIssatheEmigrantawakenights.Manytimeshemademelistentohimtalkaboutthespiritsofhisgrandfathersthathebelievedhewasnowfaithfullyrepresentingonearth.Hisgreat-grandfatherShaykhMansurbinNasirwasamongthecavalrywhocombatedMutlaqtheWahhabiinhisrepeatedraidsonOmanis.HewasinthebattlewheretheOmanisheldonsofiercelytotheirswordsthattheirhandswerestiffandrigidaroundthembythetimedarknessfell.Intheirsongsthewomenrecounthowwomensoakedthefighters’handsin

Page 190: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

wateruntiltheysoftenedenoughfortheswordstodrop.ShaykhMansur’snameitselfwasinmorethanoneofthosewomen’ssongs,whichtheywentonsingingintheirweddingpartieslongaftertheevent.Songsthatexpressedtheextraordinarycourageoftheshaykhwhosewhitesteedflewwithhim,hishandsfirmonhissword,puttingterrorinthemenofMutlaqal-Wahhabi.IssatheEmigrantcarriedonhisbackthesoulsofthoseforefathers.HefoughtatJabalal-AkhdaratthesideoftheImamGhalibal-Hina’i.Heburiedtheirmartyrswithhisownhandsandcarriedsecretmissivesundercoverofdarkness.Whentheyweredefeatedandscatteredhefled.Heemigrated,butitwasonlyhisbodythatwent.Hissoulwastooheavytogo.Whatdidhewanttomakemeinto?Afighter?Amartyr?Ayoung

shaykhfeedingthehungryandfindingrefugefortheweak?AshaykhoftodaywhowouldstamphisapprovalonletterscontainingthedemandsofBedouinsandpeasants?Somekindofoppositionactivist?What?WhentherevolutiontookfireinDhofarherefusedtoevendiscussit.Hesimplyrejectedthewholeidea,andhewasfuriousaboutthewholething.ThoseCommunists?hewouldshout.Outofthequestion!ThiswillneversuitOman.Never.Everyevening,IhadtoreadpassagesfromthebookTheGemof

NotablePeopleintheHistoryoftheFolkofOmanbyShaykhal-SalmiouttohimuntilIhadthewholetextbyheart.HeusedtotakemewithhimtotheNileRiverCornicheinthelateafternoonsandwhilewewerewalkinghewouldaskmetorecitethefamouspoembyAbuMuslimal-Bahlani,withitspowerfulmemoriesofhisearlylife.Toreciteitfromthefirstlineallthewaytoend.Heexplainedtome–manytimesheexplainedtome!–thatthisnineteenth-centuryfellow,AbuMuslim,mightbeanOmanibuthewasnolessapoetthanwashisfamousEgyptiancontemporaryAhmadShawqi.Youreallymustlearnbyhearteverylastpoemhecomposed,hewouldexclaim.Andnotonlythepoemthateveryoneknows.ButhowhecriedwhenIrecitedlinesfromit.

Stabsoflightningpiercemelikethewailofthegrievedcameleer

Page 191: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Why,sadone,areyousomnolentanddull?

Itsgrimswordsclovetheheavens,inanarmyofcloudstorushonward

Ohomelandsorelymissed,cloudsandrainoverall.

AndthenwhenIgottocertainotherlineshemademerepeatthemtensoftimes.

ThoseplacesinwhichIcouldnotstayonandon

Yetinmyhope-filledmind,stilltheyreside

FarawayhaveIgonebutneverhaveIleftthem:

Butthen,howmanytimesisbodytornfromsoul!

Thenhewouldtakeover,recitingthenextsectionofthepoemhimself,butonlygettingsofar,alwaysasfarasthesameline.

Idepartedthem,overruled,andIcouldnotprevail

Nopersoncansurmountwhatisdecreed

Withaheavysigh,almostamoan,hewouldaskmetogoonwhilehelistenedwithoutanotherword.HewascompletelyinfatuatedwithAbuMuslimal-Bahlaniandhetoldmeallabouttheman.Hewassomanythings:areformer,amanofenlightenment,anditseemshehadsomekindofintuitivecreativity.Earlyinthecentury,AbuMuslimfoundedthefirstOmaninewspaper.HecalleditSuccessandpublisheditfromZanzibar,wherehewaslivingthen.AndhispoetrycollectionwasthefirstvolumeofversebyanOmanieverpublished.Hewrotemanyotherbooks,like,onIslamicjurisprudence,andonmorals.MyfatherwasalwayskeentogethishandsonfirsteditionsofwhateverAbuMuslimwrote.AbuMuslimsupportedtheImamsandscholarsinOmanheartandsoul,eventhoughfateneverallowedhimtomeetmostofthem.Myfatherhandledhisaffairswhilehewasinexile.Heworkedcloselywithsomeothersupporterstoprintal-Bahlani’spoetryalongwithsomeotherOmanibooksattheAleppoPressinCairo.Wespentlonghoursstackingupthe

Page 192: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

copies,organisingthemsocustomerscouldseethem,butIhavenoidea,andIdidn’tthen,howmyfatherplannedtomarketthem,orevendistributethem.Whowouldreadthem,anyway?MyfatherenrolledmeintheCollegeofEngineeringbecause,hesaid,

thefutureinOmanwasforengineersandlawyers.Andtimeaftertimehehinted–veryclearly!–thatifIknewwhatwasgoodformeIwouldn’tsomuchasglanceatanyEgyptiangirl.Infact,heputittomebluntly.Wemayliveherebutwe’renotfromhere.Wewon’tleaveanythingofourselveshere.WhenwedieourcoffinswillbecarriedtoOman.That’swherewe’llbeburied.Thiskeptmeawakeatnight–theattempttoimaginethisplace,which

Ibarelyhadanychildhoodmemoriesof,sinceIhadbeenmadetoleaveitsoearly.Whatparticularlytormentedmewastheimageofourcoffins,blackandgloomy,linedupnexttoeachother.Myfather’scoffin,mymother’s,mine,mysister’s,mybrother’scoffin–lyingintheholdofanairplanetakingofffortheimpossiblejourneythatwewouldnevermakewhilealive,thejourneyfromCairotoMuscat.Andtheimageofusasdead,us,liftedoutofourboxesbyrelativesIwouldneverhavegottentoknow,sowecouldbeburiedinhershroudsundertheburningsunwestofal-Awafi,inthegraveyardwherenotasingletreegrew,notevenanyscrubbylittledesertbushes.SomanytimesIhopedmyfatherwouldreversehisplan,thathewouldhaveusburiedinoneofCairo’scemeteries,sonoisywithmovementandlife,withtheirvendorsandQur’anreciters–orthathewouldputusinanairplane,livebodiesratherthancorpses,headedforMuscat.Thathewouldn’talreadyassignourcoffinstothehold.WhenIcouldfinallyshakemyselfloose,whenImanagedtonolonger

liveinsidetheimageofmehehadinhishead,Ifinallyfoundoutwhatfreedomtasteslike.Itwassuchagoodtaste!Peoplechoosetheirownbooks,onestheyactuallywanttoread.Andtheirownfriends,andthecitiesthey’refondof.Howliberatedapersonfeelswhenit’sfinallynolongeraquestionofbeingjustanextensionorembodimentofsomeoneelse’sfancy,evenifthatsomeoneelseisyourfather.Mychronic

Page 193: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

headachesendedandIlostmypathologicalfearofbeinginsideaclosed-indarkplace.SuddenlyIwasaddictedtospendingallmyhoursinthestreetsofCairo,mystreets,Ihadnotknownanyothers–andwithrealfriends,oneswhoyelledoutslogansastheymarchedinthestreets,whodrewpicturesandhaddreamsandcouldteaseeachother.Peoplewhoweren’tsimplythefadedmentalcreationsoftheirfamiliesortheirelders,andwhoseblurredidentitiesorboundariesmadethemseemmorelikeetherealangelswhomIcouldn’tactuallyseeortouch.IssatheEmigrantwentquiet.Hedidn’tcometomyfirstexhibition,hedidn’treadasinglearticleonmyartandhetreatedmewithacoldnessthatwasprobablybothdisdainanddespair.ButjustwhenIbegantoforgetthatthereexistedaplacecalledOman,mysisterGhaliyadied.Ihadn’teverhadthefeelingthatourworldsweresolinked,so

frighteninglyenmeshed,theworldsofmeandmyfamily,untilGhaliyadied.Ourworldsfellapart.Weallfoundtheworldweinhabitedcollapsedaroundus,Myfatherandmother,me,mybrother.Infrontofthesimplequestionofwheretoburyher,itsuddenlybecamefrighteninglycleartome–tome,thefree,theliberated,artist–whoseheadwasfulloffreedom–howdeepthehiddentiesbetweenuswent,howstrongtheywere,andhowmyworldcouldbedestroyedinamomentiftheirscavedin.Ithinkitwasonlytwodaysbeforemyfather’shairturnedwhite!We

packedourcases.Wereturned,allofus,stillalive.NotGhaliyathough.Shewasashadowofmynightmarishimagination.Inhercoffininthehold.NolongerwasthevoyagetoOmananimpossibletrip.Itwasn’tjusta

round-tripticket,either,alittlespaceinwhichwewouldburyabelovedsister,andreturninallsimplicitytoCairo,toourhome,ourwork,ourfriends.No.Thisunexpectedtripitselfbondedusinsomehiddenbutreallyprofoundway.Thetripwasthestrongropethattiedustogetherandwouldyankusoutofthedreamandthenightmareboth,atthesametime.Itfreedusfromtheideathatreturningwasimpossibleorunreal.Itmadereturningintosomethingyoucouldactuallydo,somethinglikely,

Page 194: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

and–wesuspecteditthen–permanent,too.Ghaliyapaidforourliberationwithherdeath.Therehadtobeanoffering,asacrifice.Abridgeacrosswhichmyfatherwalked,andwefollowed,toOman.Ghaliya’sdeadbody,hercoffin,whichwascarriedtothetreelesscemeteryinal-Awafi–thecoffinofthedaughterborninCairo,thedaughterwholivedinCairo–wasourbridge.

Page 195: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Asmaandthemoon

Asma,stillabride,cametovisitherfather.Notlongafterherweddinghehadsuddenlycomedownwithafevernoonecoulddiagnose,andhewasbedridden.Histemperaturewouldn’tcomedown.WhenAzzansawherheleanedbackagainstacushionandaskedhertorecitesomeofal-Mutanabbi’spoetry.Asma’svoicewassubduedatfirstbutitstartedgatheringfervourassherecited.

Withthesedan-chairs’departuremynightsarelong

Forlovers’nightsstretchendless

TheyshowmethefullmoonIhavenocravingfor

Andhideamoontowhichthereisnoway

Afterthelovedones,Ihavenotlivedinsolace

Butahh,themisfortunes—thosestillmustIbear

Herfather’shandwentupandAsmastopped.Staringathishands,shenoticedhowpaleandweaktheylooked,andhowwhitethehairwasattheroots,whereitwasparted.Shefeltconfused.Theroomseemedveryhot,radiatinghisfever.Shewasembarrassedatthetracesofhennastillvisibleonherhands.Shewishedshehadthecouragetouseherhands,topressthemagainstherfather’srobe,tomakehimlieflatonhisbedandthentosmoothhishair.Theairwassoheavy.Shehadanoddurgetoapologisetohimbutshedidn’tknowwhy.Thelotus-thorntreehadgrownenoughthatitsleavesnowpressed

againstthewindow.Theheatseemedtobegettingworse.Avisionofherfuturechildrencrowdingintotheroomtosurroundtheirgrandfather’sbedforceditselfonherbuttheimageseemedtoerasehispaleface.Shewasconfusedintocompletesilencebuthishandrescuedher.Hisfingers

Page 196: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

weretryingtograspabarelyvisibletatterednotebooktightlyenoughtotugitoutfromunderhispillow.Asmastudiedthetitle:FromtheSessionsoftheBrilliantScholarJudgeYusufbinAbdal-Rahman.Whenshecrackedopentheboundnotebook,itspagesfellopenwherealeafhadbeenstuckasabookmark.Azzannoddedather.Shebegantoread.Knowthatthestarsofthefirmamentemptytheirgemsintothemoon,

andthemoonspillsthemintothewater.Theforceofthewatersplitsthemintoallthegemsthatexistincreation.Themoonisthetreasurehouseforwhatisonhighandwhatliesbelow.Themoonmovesbetweenhighandlow,betweenthesublimeandthefilthofcreation.Ofallthecelestialbodies,themoonisclosesttothemattersofthislowerworld.Andsoitisaguidetoallthings.Contemplatethestateofthemoonuntilyouknowitwell.Itssoundnessisthestrengthofallthings,itsruinthecorruptionofallthings.Ifthemoonmovesclosertoanothercelestialbodythenitgivesmoreforcetowhateverthatbodycantellusorgiveus.Whenthemoonmovesawayfromanotherbodyinthefirmamentitweakensthatsphere’spower.Whenthemoon’slightintensifiesinitsapproachtoMercury,thatisthebeststateofall.ButifthemoonlightisweakasitconfrontsSaturn,ormovesclosertoit,thisistheworstofallworlds.

Page 197: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah’smother

AwomanasyoungandasstrongasFatimaUmmAbdallahcouldnotpossiblydieinamatteroftwoorthreedaysunlessshe’dcontractedafeverasshewasgivingbirth.That’swhatpeopleinal-Awafisaid.Ankabutamadecertainthateveryoneknewshehadcarriedthespecialchildbirthfoodregularlytothejinn-womanBaqiiasothatthejinniwouldnotharmFatima,orbabyAbdallah.AndAnkabutasworethatshehadn’ttakenevenonebitefromthehugetrayoffoodshecarriedonherheadtoBaqiia.Shealwaysleftthefood,exactlyasshehadbroughtit,atthejinn-woman’sfavouriterock.Andthensheleftimmediatelywithoutevenoncelookingbehindher.Notlongbeforethis,Zaydclaimed,theyoungwomanwhosedeathwassopuzzlinghaduprootedthebasilbushherselfratherthansummoninghimtodoit.AndthatshetoldhimtheodourofbasilattractsvipersandshewasafraidforAbdallah.Evenifhewasanewborn,itwouldn’tbethatlongbeforehecouldsitup,andthensoonafterthathewouldbecrawling.MerchantSulayman’ssisterinsistedthatshehadbeenverycareful.She

hadsupervisedthefoodpreparationherself.Butsomehow,withindays,thepoorwomanchangedcolour.Sheturnedblue.Zaydinsistedshewasthesortofwomanwhosimplycouldn’tescapebeingthetargetofsomeone’ssorcery.Hewasverysureofwhathewassaying,hetoldthem,especiallysincehewastheonewhoworkedallnightlongatthecanalsoutsidetown,andsoheknewallthesecretsofthenight-folk.Shewasagoodwomanwhomindedherownbusiness,Maneensaidsadly,andshedidn’tforgettosendhimsweetsaftertheboywasborn.ShaykhSaid’smothersaidthateverypersoninthisworldwillbe

servedintheafterlifewhatsheservedothersinthislife.Godforbears.Hedoesnotneglectthegoodonesamongus,shesaid.

Page 198: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Peoplewerestartledbyherwords.Whatwasshehintingat?Zarifakeptquiet.

Page 199: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

CousinMarwan

Evenwhenhewasverylittle,Marwanremembers,hehadheardhismothertellthestoryofthedreamshe’dhadwhenshewaspregnantwithhim,andJudgeYusuf’sinterpretation.Youwillhaveason,hesaid,whowillberighteousandgood.Pure,andanimportantman.ShewantedtonamehimMuhammadorAhmad,butthebabyalreadyhadbrotherswiththesenames.SoshenamedhimMarwan,seekingagoodomenfromthenameofherdeceasedbrotherwhohadraisedher.Shebroughttheboyuponthesoundnessofherdream,whichshebelievedinfiercely,andthat’swhyshegavehimasecondmoniker,‘thePure’,whicheveryoneelsebegantouse,too.SheworkedhardtoimplantaloveofknowledgeanddevotiontotheFaithinhimfromhisearlydays,andshepushedhimtowardtheShaykhatthemosque,wantingMarwantoshadowhim.That’sthewayhegrewup,hisheartattachedtothemosque.MarwanthePurecommittedtoheartthewholeoftheNobleHadith.

Surelythisalonewasproofthathewasamongsttheelect,thosewhomGodwouldshadeandprotectontheDaywhenthereisnoshadetobehadbutHis.MarwangrewupobeyingGodtotheletter.Becausehisheartwassoattachedtothemosquehescornedthegamesofotherboysandtheirinterestintrivialthings.Hefoundnothingtoadmireaboutthetimepeoplespentinwastefulpleasures.HehadnouseforchitchatorforanythingelsethatstolemomentsfromthequietcontemplationofGod’screation.Heburiedhimselfinthispurelittleworldthatencasedhim.WhenhisparentsmovedtoWadiAday,leavingal-Awafi,theychoseahousenearthemosquesothattheirchildrenwouldberaisedonthethresholdofthemosquethere,andparticularlysothat,inthenewenvironment,MarwanthePurewouldnotfindhimselfcutofffromhislifeofdevotions.

Page 200: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Hewasnumberfour,followingHamad,MuhammadandQasim.AfterhimcameHilalandAsim.Buthehimselfrecognisedearlythathewasmadeofadifferentclay,andhewasacutelyawareofthepridehisparentstookinhim.Heknewhowtheytalkedabouthim.Hestayedapart,refusingtoplaywithhisbrothersorevenexchangemuchconversationwiththem.Thesesillymatterswerenotworthyofhim,whosespecialnesshadbeenforetoldinthedream,whowasvowedanddestinedtoworksofgreatness.MarwanthePurewasthirteenwhenhesnuckinthenighttohis

parents’roomandstoleallthemoneyhefoundinhisfather’swallet.Thenextdayhebeathimselfsorewithhisfather’scaneandvowedtofastfortwoweeks.Threemonthslaterhesnuckintohisbigbrothers’roomandstolethemoneyinQasim’swallet.BythetimeMarwanhadcompletedhissixteenthyear,hehadfasteda

totalofeightmonthsandfourteendaysaspenanceforhisthefts.Theneighbourssworethatlightpouredfromhisfaceandthathiseyes,fastingfromthefleetingpleasuresofthisworld,gaveofftheeverlastinggraceofthehereafter.Thegirlswerecrazyinlovewithhisslow,leisured,gentlegait,thepaceofapersonwhohasnothingtofear.Theyadoredhisgraveeyesthatnevermetthegazeofanygirl.Noonesawthetracesoftheself-inflictedblowstohisback,punishmentforallhehadstolen,whichbynowconsistednotonlyofmoneybutalsoincludedwatchesandarticlesofclothing,evenhismother’searringsandshoes.Moreoften,now,hedressedonlyinwhite,andherarelyspoke.Andwhenhisfacewentpalefromsomuchfasting,nooneremainedindoubtthathewassomekindofsaint,oneofthepious,righteousFriendsofGod.Yes,bythetimeMarwanreachedtheendofhissixteenthyear,hehad

fastedatotalofeightmonthsandfourteendaysbutheknewverywellthathewouldnotstopstealing,justashewasperfectlyawarethathehadnoneedofanyofthethingshestole.Hehadn’tcometotermswiththeshockhisownbehaviourgavetohispurenature.Whatcouldhethink?Hedidn’tbelievethiscreaturewasreallyhim,theboywhospentsomuchtimeindevotionsatthemosque,whocreptintoroomsatnightandstole

Page 201: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

worthlessobjects.Itrippedhimapart;hecouldalmosthearthesoundsofhisbodysplittingandshredding.Everythinggotconfused,hismother’sdreamandhisowngrandsenseofhimself,trivialgamesandpleasures.Andhestole,hewhomGodHimselfwastoscreenwiththeformidableshadeofHisheavenlythrone.Hestole.ThePureOnewhowaseverwatchfultokeephimselfclean,whobarelyraisedhiseyesfromtheground.Hestole.TheonewhohadbeenvowedtoGod,theoneofwhomgladtidingshadcome.Hestole.Hispurehandsreachedtostealthatwhichhedidnotevenneedandwouldcertainlyneveruse.MarwanthePuredidnotrevealhissecret.Hescornedhimselftothe

measurethatothersesteemedhisworth.Hedespisedotherstothemeasurethathevaluedhimself.Hedeafenedhisearstothesoundofthetearingthatechoedsoloudlyinsidehimbutthatnooneelsecouldhear.Theclosedcircleofhislifetightenedaroundhim.Hededicatedhimselftofastingandisolationandworshipashisheartfracturedinagonizingpain.Marwandidnotrevealhissecrettoanyone.Hedidnotdare,inhis

alonenessandapartness,toextendhishandstohisLord,inhopesthatHemightshowhimtheway.ForMarwanwascertainthatheknewtherightpath:thiswastheonlyone.HewasthePureOneandhemustremainthus,aspeoplehadcometoknowhim,ashismotherhadwilledhimtobe,ashehimselfhadbeenconvincedof.Thisthievinghandofhis–hewouldamputateitifitreturnedtoitsways.Afterhisfatherdiedandhismothercameoutofhermourningperiod,

hesnuckintoherroomonenightandstolehernewperfume,hisfather’ssilverdagger,andapaltrysumofmoneyhefoundonthetable.Momentsbeforedawnhecuttheveinsinhisthievinghandwiththesharpdaggerblade.Everpure,everalone,Marwanbledtodeath.

Page 202: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Sulayman

Inthe1890samajorslumpintheOmanidatetradedroveayoungmerchantbythenameofHilaltoseekanewsourceofprofitthatwouldlethimbenefitfromallthemercantileexperiencehe’dalreadyaccumulated.ResourcefulHilalrealisedquicklythatthearmstradewasthesmartalternative.SultanFaisal’s1891proclamationinstructedOmanistorefrainfromimportingweaponsintoJawadirPort,butMerchantHilalandhiscommerce-savvyfriendsbecameincreasinglydependentonweaponsasasuresourceofprofit,especiallysincetheycouldchannelgunstotheAfghanswhoseemedtoneedaconstantsupplyfortheirraidsandtheirfeuds.LoadsofsmuggledweaponscameinfromPersianmerchantsonthecoast,tobestoredinclandestinewarehousesuntiltheycouldbesoldtomencomingfromthetribesofBaluchistanandAfghanistan.SomemerchantssucceededinsmugglingweaponsallthewaytoIndiaandZanzibar,butMerchantHilalpreferreddealingwiththeAfghansandPersians,sincehebelievedthattheportofJawadirwasasaferbetthananyoftheotherpossibilities.ButHilalfoundhiscommercebadlyreversedaftertaxeswereraisedonweaponsimports.Nevermind,though–thetraderevivedwiththenewcentury,andHilaljoinedforceswithagroupofIndianmerchantswhowereimportinggunsdirectlyfromEurope.TheywereledbyamancalledKemjiRamDas.Onthe22ndofJanuary1908,whentheS.S.JayuladalaarrivedintheportofMuscatcomingfromEurope,MerchantHilal’ssharewasfiftyfullchestsofammunition.He’dalreadymanagedtosellpopcornriflesinJawadirportforseventydollarseachandthatmadehimarichmanveryquickly.Nowhesoughtmarriageintoashaykhlyfamilyinal-Awafi.Hissonandheir,Sulayman,wasbornaftermorethantenyearsofmarriage.Nevertheless,hisson’sarrivalmustbeagoodomen,thoughtMerchant

Page 203: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Hilal.Agoodstarttofoundingadynasty.Siblingswouldsurelyarrive.ButeveryboyborntoHilalafterSulaymanwaskidnappedbydeathwhilestillanursingbaby.PeoplewhisperedthatSulaymanwasafflictedwithqashi’a,andthediseasemustbefataltohislittlebrothers.Hisfathertookhimtoaspecialistwhosatthelittleboyinfrontofhimandpeeredintohisskulltofindtheerrantveininhisheadthat–ifitflaredandmovedtoofar–wouldmeanthedeathofeveryboybornafterhim.Whenthedoctorpinpointedthelocationofthevein,heshoutedthenewsatthetopofhisvoice.HeheatedametalskeweroveraflameandsearedSulayman’sheadwherehebelievedthevein–ortheqashi’a–tobe,untilitdiedcompletely,nevermakinganotherappearancethatwouldkillhismalesiblings.SoMerchantHilalhadthreechildrenwholived:SulaymanandhisverylastsonIshaq.Therewasalsoagirl,scrawnyandpale,whospentherentirechildhood

asarecluse,mindandbodyshutaway,untilshewasmarriedofftoamaternalcousin,andlateron,tothatcousin’sbrother.Bothcousinsdivorcedherinturn.Zarifahatedher.Ishaqresembledhismotherinherhesitantbearingandintroversion.It

wasSulaymanwhoinheritedeverything:hisfather’smercantilesavvy,quickmind,tallandimposingfigure,gravedignity,andthelargehousebuiltofplaster–aswellashisnervousdispositionandthetitleofMerchant.ButSulaymandidnottradeinweapons.Toallappearances,dateswerewhatoccupiedhisworkdays,althoughhisrealprofitswerebuiltontheslavetrade.

Page 204: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Masouda,stillhere

Inhershut-awayroomthathadoncebeenathreshingfloor,MasoudarealisedthatherdaughterShannahadgoneawaywithherhusband,Sanjar.Sheknewshewouldnotseeherdaughteragain,andthatnow,herfoodandhygienewerehostagetothecharityoftheneighbourwomen.Daybydayhervoicegrewfainterassherepeated,Iamhere...over

here.IamMasouda.Herframewasmorebentthanever.InoddmomentsneighboursaskedthemselvesifMasoudawouldbeburiedinhermisshapenpostureorwhether,afterdeath,herspinewouldregainitsstraightness.Memoriesofthedistantpast,ascloudyastheywere,begantofill

Masouda’sheadasthedaysshewaslivingthroughandthosejustbeforegrewevermoreabsent.Shebegantoseemomentsintimethat,yearsago,shehadnotbelievedherheadwouldeverbecapableoffacing.Shesawathickdarkdawnandherselfgoingtogatherwood.Sheheard

arustlingintheroomofMerchantSulayman.Shecouldnotcontrolhernaturalcuriosity.Shepressedherselftothewallandpeeredintothebackwindow.Heandhiswifehadbeensleepinginseparateroomssincethebirthof

hissonAbdallahthreeweeksbefore,sohewasalonewhenhissisterrappedonthedoorandimmediately,withouthearingaresponse,openeditandcamein.Heturnedinhisbed.Everythingallright?heasked,startled.Shestaredathim.Yourwife,shesaid.Hegotoutofbed,tookhisdishdashafromtheironhookandstruggled

intoit.Hefacedhissister.Whataboutmywife?What’swrong?You’retheonewhosaidtome,Getmarried,stopdoingyourbusinesswiththeslavewomen.SoImarriedthiswoman.Thenyoucarpedatme,Why

Page 205: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

haven’tyouhadababyyet?Andshe’shadthisboy.Whatdoyouwantnow?Hewassittingontheedgeofthebed.Shestoodoverhim.Hervoice,

alwayslow,wasquietnow,butheheardher.Isawher,shesaid.HerandSaleem,ShaykhSaid’sslave.Atthebasilbush.MerchantSulaymanbegantoshiver.Shefinishedwhatshehadtosay

withoutanychangeinthetoneofhervoice:Nevermind,leaveitalltome.Andshewentout.Thatmorning,MerchantSulaymanhadtotraveltoSalalahforsome

business.Whenhereturnedthreemonthslater,hiswifehaddied,leavingtinyAbdallahinthecareofhispaternalaunt.Saleem,ShaykhSaid’sslave,hadvanished.Masoudathoughtshehadobliteratedthismurkydawnscenefromher

mind.

Page 206: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

IamnotsittinginthisseatsuspendedbetweenheavenandearthwaitingtoarriveinFrankfurtanymomentnow.IaminZarifa’slapintheeastcourtyardoftheBigHouse,myeyesopentothefullmoonhighinthesky,Zarifaisstrokingmyhairandtellingmeastory.EverydaywhenMamaGoatleftthehouse,shewarnedheroldest

children,ZaydandRabab,saying,Ifanyoneknocks,donotopenthedoor.ItcouldbeMrWolfandhewouldeatyouup.Ifit’smeatthedoor,Iwillsay,YooRabab,yooZayd,openthedoor!Onyourmama’sbackthere’sgrasstoeat,andgoodgoodmilkineachteat!Whenyouhearmesaythat,youcanopenthedoor.Sothechildrenobeyedher.ButonedayMrWolfheardMamaGoatremindingherchildrenwhattodo.Aftershe’dgone,hebeganrappingonthedoor,andsaying,YooRabab,yooZayd,openthedoor!Onyourmama’sbackthere’sgrasstoeat,andgoodgoodmilkineachteat!He’dchangedhisvoiceandhefooledthechildren.TheyopenedthedoorandMrWolfatethemup.WhenMamaGoatcamehomeshebeganknockingatthedoor.She

knockedandknocked,butinvain,assherepeatedherwords.YooRabab,yooZayd...Whenshe’dgottennoanswershebuttedthedooropenwithherhornsandwentinside.Butshedidn’tfindZaydorRabab.MamaGoatwentoutsideataruntosearchforherlittleones.She

passedaspider,shepassedalamb.Sheaskedeveryoneshepassed,Didyouseemychildren?Buttheyallsaid,No,theyhadn’tseenthem.Untilshepassedadove.Thewolfcamebyhere,saidthedove.Andhisstomachwasverybig.Hemusthaveeatenyourchildren.Quick,goafterhim,youwillfindhimasleepundertherocks.First,MamaGoathurriedtotheblacksmith.Sheaskedhimtosharpenherhornsuntiltheywereknifeblades.Shefoundthewolfasleep.Shedroveherhornsintohimand

Page 207: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

slicedhistummywideopen.Herchildrencameout,andshesaid,Come,come!AndMamaandbabiesallwenthome.

Page 208: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

London

Theminutesheputsdownthephone,Londonwilljumpoutofbed,scatteringherteddybears–arose-colouredstreakhereandaredonethere.Pickingupherphoneagain,shewillcallherfriendHanan.ShehastotellhereverythingAhmadhassaid,asshepacesroundandroundherroom.Bismillahial-rahmanal-rahim,girl!Doyouknowwhattimeitis?Listen,Hanan,thenewpoemhe’sgoingtoreciteintheOmanPoetry

Festival,whichiscomingup–itisdedicatedtome!Sowhat?HananrepliesinEnglish.Sowhat?Don’tyousee?Iamhisinspiration,hisangel,hismuse!I’m

thebeautifuldemonofhispoetry,astheArabpoetsallusedtosay.Well,congratulationstoyou,mydear.CanIgobacktosleepnow,

seeingasIdon’treallyunderstandpoetryatall,andIonlybelieveinwell-testedscientificanalysesthatgiveguaranteedresults?Onthedaytheyconcludedtheirbetrothalvowsandthemarriage

contractwassigned,theminutetheysaidgoodbyeandheleftherfather’shome,itwasalmosttimeforthedawnprayers.Shecalledherfriend.Hanan!Iamthemostblissfulgirlinthewholewideworld!Athousandcongratulations,love,youcertainlydeserveit.Soisyour

littledove-lovetimetogetherdone?He’sjustleft.Didhekissyou?No,Hanan!Hetoldmeourmarriageisavictoryoverthedisgusting

hideboundclassstructureofsociety,andacrowningoftruelove.Sheheardalaugh.Youmean,hegaveyoualectureinsteadofmaking

themostofhisopportunity?Imean,thiswasthecontract,right?Couldn’theatleastkissyou?

Page 209: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Hanaaan,stopit.Hanan’sfranknessnolongersmarted;Londonwastoousedtoit.

Anyway,Hanan’spositiononallofthishadbeenclearfromthestart.Ahmad?Youmean,theguywhocallshimselfapoet?Whoiswithsomeoneneweveryday?Evenhispoetryistooheavyforanyonetobear.Whywouldyouwanthim?Evenhisappearance...like,hedoesn’tevenknowwhattodo,sometimesheletshisbeardgoandothertimesheshavesandeitherwayhelookswrong.Onedayyouseehiminadishdasha,thenextinjeans.MondayhishairislongandTuesdayhisskullisshaved.He’llbeactinglikethemostreligiousofthereligious,andthenthenexttimeyouseehim,he’scockingaroundlikehe’sthelatestthing.AhmadhadputalotofeffortintosecuringLondon.Youarethegirlof

mydreams,hewouldsay.Hepursuedherwithemailsandphonecallsandreallettersonpaper,withpoemsandsongsandphotos.Shewashooked.Whenhermotherdiscoveredthebusiness,shelockedLondonupin

herroomandsmashedherphone.ThemoreLondonresisted,themorestubbornhermotherbecame,asifshewantedtoseehowfarherdaughterwouldgo.Howhardwouldsheholdontothisdreamofhers?OritwaslikeMayyawaspunishingherself,andnotherdaughteratall,notthewomaninlove.London’sfatherwasbewilderedandtorn.Whenhefinallycrackedthe

whip,decreeingshecouldhavethismarriage,hermothersimplywithdrew.Onthedaythecontractwassigned,afteralloftheguestshadgone,

Ahmadkissedherhands.Doyouknowwhatitisaboutyouthatattractedme,London?Thatyou’reagirlwhoisn’teasy.Andwhenyoudiddecidetolovemeback,youlovedsincerely,andyoudefendedyourloveinthefaceofallthisbackwardnessanduglinessthatsurroundsusoneveryside.Eversinceshehadmethimshehadheardhimrepeatthesetwowords.

Backwardness.Ugliness.Sometimesheadded‘abhorrentclassism’.When

Page 210: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

shesawhimlaughingwiththewomanwhoheadedthestudents’literarycollective,asheclaspedbothofherhands,hedidshowabitofembarrassment.Theywentouttohercar.Hedefendedhimselfbutitwasmorelikeanattack,eventhoughshehadn’tstartedit.Listentome,London.Yes,youaremyfiancée.Mybeloved.Butdon’tstarthemmingmeinwithyourjealousyandegotismandpossessivenessandreaction,okay?Thisselfishnessisugly,andjealousyisbackward,andpossessivenessisoneoftheprimitivepracticesfromthetimesofhatefulclassism.Iamapoet.Amanofletters.Mysoulisfree,completelyfree,likeadoveinthesky.Ah,yes,mywordsremindmeofMahmoudDarwish’spoem–thedoveflies,thedovelands...Anythingthattiesmedownthrottlesme.Stiflesmycreativity.Killsmyrushofpoeticlanguage.Iwantawomanwhounderstandsme.AwomanwhoknowsperfectlywellthatIamthewindandsheisthetree.Shesendsherrootsintotheground,Icircleoverheadinthesky.Londondidn’tsayanything,notthen.Shetuggedherlabcoattightly

aroundher,atethefalafelsandwichhehadboughtherfromCaféNasir,andrealisedthathe’dgivenheraclearviewofhischin,whichshedidn’tusuallyseelikethisbecausehedidn’tusuallycarryhisfacetippedsohigh.Thistime,tryingtostarehimintheeyeallshecouldseewashischin,bobbingupanddownwithhiswordsandthesandwichhewaseating.Someweekslatershediscoveredaphotographofthepresidentofthe

literarycollectiveinhiswallet.Shewassoangrythatshetoreittoshredsimmediately.Ahmadshoutedather.Yousillywoman,thisphotoisjustsomeofthematerialforthebookletwe’redoingforthepoetryevent.Whatastupidthingtodo.Backward,andugly!Theystoppedspeaking.Londonneededsomeonetotalkto.Butshedidn’twanttoexpose

herselftoHanan’sirritationandsarcasm.SheknewHanan’sopinionwellenough.Iwarnedyou,Hananwouldsnapather.Everynewpoemisdedicatedtoanewgirl.Whydidyouallowhimtoinsultyoulikethat?Hanandidn’tunderstand.Londonwascertainhelovedher,andthathe

Page 211: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

wastellingherthetruth.Whatbusinessdidshehavewithhispreviouslife?Itdidn’tconcernherabit.Theimportantthingwastheirfuturetogether,andshedidn’twanttofail.Shewasafraidoffailure,itterrifiedher.Itwasthreeo’clockinthemorningandshecalledhim.Thenextdaytheywentinhiscarwiththedarkenedwindowsforalong

driveontheshore.Herejectedhersuggestionthattheygetoutandwalk,becauseitwassohot.Theyateicecreamandtalkedaboutthefuture.AssoonasIfinishmyinternyearI’llopenaprivateclinic,andthenafteryougraduateyoucanjoinit.Yourfatherwillhelpusstartit.OnceI’vegotmorefamousformypoetry,I’llleavethewholethingtoyousoIcanfreemyselfuptofollowmytalent.You’llbethewifeofthegreatestpoetofOman!Forthatmatter,themostcelebratedpoetinthewholeArabworld.Inthedarknessofthecar,heembracedher.London’sdreamwassomewhatdifferent.Afterfinishingherintern

yearshewouldworkinthegovernment’shospitalslongenoughtogetexperience.ThenshewouldtraveltoCanadaforafurtherdegreeinpaediatricmedicine.Afterthatshemightconsidertheclinicidea.Butshecouldn’tdiscussanyofthis.Thesmellofhisshampoofilledhernoseandshegaveintohishugs.Sheimaginedwhattheirchildrenwouldlooklikeandsheputherarmsaroundhim.Londonwasn’tblind.Shedidseeallthesigns,butshewouldn’tlethermindacceptthem.Lookhere,Hanansaid.Thisromancething.Withallduerespectfor

lovewhereveritis,tolovers,songs,NizarQabbani’spoetry,flowers,themoon,nightsofconversation,stars,andeverypoetwhohaseverexisted–thisisn’tbigonrationality.Nolistening,nolooking,nothinkingorrealplanning.Aguyyousawafewtimesinlecturehallsandatpoetryeveningsandyoutalkedtohiminthehallforafewminutesandthenonthephoneafewnights.YousplitasandwichinthehospitalcafeteriaonyourbreakandyoudrankaPepsitogetherinthemedcollegeparkinglot.Andthenyousay,I’mcrazyabouthim?Ican’tlivewithouthim?Heismyairandwater,mysunandmoon?What’sthisnonsense?Anditturnsouthisgrandfatherwasashepherdforyourgrandmother’sfatherfiftyyearsagoandyourgrandmotherswearsshe’llslityourthroatifyoumarryhim?

Page 212: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Theyhityouandbreakyourphoneandforbidyougoingtoclassesforseveraldays,andwhy?Forsomeguywhoisnodifferentthanthousandsofothermeninthisworld?He’snotevenastallasyouare.Andyousaytome‘love’andpatienceandsacrificeandifIdon’tmarryhimIwillkillmyself?IfIcan’ttalktohimIcan’tbreatheandifIdon’tseehimIcan’tlive?Whatlove,London?Didyou,like,walkintohimdeliberatelysoyoucouldfallinlove,inthefirstplace?You’realwayssayingtome,it’sthephonecalls,theemails...well,thisisexactlyyourmistake,London.Whenyouarenottrulywithsomeone,andyouonlyhearhisvoice,andthenallhetalksaboutishimself,youformtheimagethatyou’realreadyhopingfor.Youdon’texactlygetatruepicture.See,youdon’tknowhimatall.Poetryanddreamyphoneconversationswasalam!That’sallyou’vegot!Andthen–eitherImarryhimorIkillmyself?AndI’msogreatbecauseI’mrejectingthehatefulclasssystem?Youdon’tneedhisslogansinordertotrustyourownprinciples,London.Whathashedoneforyoursakeanyway?Heletsyourmothertortureyouandyourgrandmotherthreatenyou,andallhedoesisjustsittherewatching,waitingtoseewhattheoutcomewillbe.Thisisaman?Thisguy?AsfarasI’mconcernedwhatmarriageisdoesn’thavealottodowithlove.Loveisdreams,marriageisforreal:life,responsibility,child-ren.Noillusions.Therightpersonistheonewhorespectsandhonoursyou,andyoufeeltotallycomfortablewith,theonewhowillbeafatheryoucanbeproudof,foryourchildren’ssake.Notsomeonewithastupidinferioritycomplexwhomakesyoufeeljealous.Love,hesaid.Hah!IswearIthoughtyouhadsomebrains,London.Ithoughtyourmindwasongraduating,andonCanada,yourspecialization–untilallofthishappened.Whatareyougoingtodonow,ifyourmotherkeepsonslappingyou,iftheydon’tmarryyoutohim?Iwillkillmyself.Hananleft.ShewasassignedtoaschoolinDhofar.Refusingwasoutof

thequestion.Ifsheturnedthisjobdownshe’dloseherchances,probablyforever.WherewouldshefindafixerwhocouldgetherappointedinMuscatsothatshecouldstaywithherfamily?Shedidn’tknowanyone

Page 213: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

withanyinfluence,andifshesaidnoandthejobflewoutofherhandsallthedreamsofherfamilywouldgoupinsmoke–herfather,retirednow,hermother,whowasill,herbrotherwhohadgottenengagedsevenyearsbeforebutonhismiserablesalaryhadstillnotbeenabletopaythedowry.Shepackedhercasesandtravelledsouth,dreamingofherfirstsalaryandherbrother’swedding.Londonbeganphoninghereveryotherday,intears.Hanan,Ihatethewordsfreedomandcultureandclassism.I’vestarted

doubtingmyselfcompletely.Canyouimagine,hesearchesmyphoneeverytimewemeet,hegoesthroughallthenumbersonittomakesurethereisnonewonethathedoesn’tknow.Hanansighed.Idon’tknowwhattosaytoyou,love.Thismandoesn’t

deserveyou.Idon’tunderstandanythinganymore.It’sasifI’mlivinginsidea

tornado.SuddenlyhestartednoticinghowdarkandthinIam,asifheneversawmebefore.Iswearthatguyhasnoshame.Whydon’tyoustanduptohim?Talkto

himaboutallofthis.I’vetried,andeverytimeIstart,hesaystome,Don’tthinkyouare

betterthanme.I’mthemanhere,andyourfamilyandalltherealestateyourfatherownsandhisbusinessdon’tconcernmeabit.Eventhough,Hanan,Ineversaidanythingaboutmyfamilytohim.Notevenonce,notatall.AllahAllah!Thismanissick,sweetheart.Giveitsomethoughtbefore

yougetanydeeperintoit...you’restilljustinthecontractperiod,meaning,it’sjustanengagement,really.Youwantustobreakup,Hanan?Ahmadismydarling,thedreamof

mylife.Wehavetosolveourproblems,Idon’twantmyfirstlovetofail.Idon’twantthewayI’veresistedmyfamilytogoinvain.Iwanttoproveoursuccesstotheworld,tomymotherandfatherandgrandmotherandourclassmates,thewholeworld.Idon’twanttobeadivorcedwoman.Butherfirstlovedidfail.Ithadfailedlongbeforeshecouldadmitit,

andafteralotofinsultsandpains.Finallyshedemandedanannulment

Page 214: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

andrefusedtoseehim.HestoodathercardoorintheCollegeparkinglotandbeggedhertospeaktohim.Heblockedthecardoorwithhisbodytopreventherfromgettingin.London,myLondon,don’tleaveme...youaremine.Youarethegirlofmydreams.IsweartoGodIamsorry.Ididn’tmeantohityou.Iwasjustangry,IsweartoGod,I’msosorry,forgiveme.Ikissyourfeet.Ididn’tmeanwhatIsaid.Idon’twanttoloseyou,andanyway,youaremyproperty,myLondon.Youaremyvictoryandmyinspiration.Youaremine.Youwouldleavemeandbelongtosomeoneelse?wAllahiitwon’thappen,youbelongtome.Youaremygirl,mywife.Ikissyourhands,don’tleaveme.We’llgetmarried,thedate’sbeensetandwe’llgoonhoneymoontoEurope.We’llopentheclinictogether.Haveyouforgottenourdreams,London?You’remine,myLondon,mymuse.Mylove,mine.Youbelongtome.LondonlefttheparkinglotandwentbackintotheCollege.Itwasn’t

enoughtokeeponsayingtoherself,Iamnotyourpossession,andIdonotbelongtoanyone.Itwasn’tenough,anyofthis,tohealher.Sheknewyoucouldn’ttreatawoundjustbycleansingitwithanantisepticorpretendingitwasonlyascratch.Thedesperatelonginginhisfaceandvoiceasthey’dbeenbeforewasa

weaponherheartwavedinherface.Ihateyou,Ihateyourvoice,Ihatethelookofyou.Shetoreupallthepicturesofhimshecouldfind.Butshecouldn’tfeelthekindofhatredthatmightpullheroutofthis.Shejustfeltthesharpest,mostviolentbitternessandpain.

Page 215: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Khawla

AfterNasirhadtrulysettleddowninOman,andonceKhawla’stwolastchildrenhadarrived,andnowthatNasirwashardlyeverleavingthehouseexceptwhenhehadtogotowork,shedecided.Shewantedadivorce.Everyonethoughtshehadgoneinsane.Orperhapsshewasconcealing

someterriblesetofsecretsthathadpushedhertothiscrazydecision.ButKhawlawasn’thidinganything.Itwasjustthatshecouldn’tbearthepast.Everythingwascalmand

well-orderednow.Fayiz,theyoungestofherfivechildren,wasinhighschool.Monawasengagedtoarespectableengineer,andtheotherswerealldoingwell.Everythinginherlifewassocalm,infact,thatitwaslikeexistinginastillandsoundlesslandscape.Allofit:hermarriedlife,hermotherhood,herfriendships.Shewasatpeace,soherheartstoppedforgiving.Shecouldn’tbearthe

pastanylonger.Allofitseemednowtohavegrowntoanenormoussizeinsideher,anditchokedher.Everynight,theportraitoftheCanadiangirlonthekeyringgotbigger,andwenttosleeponKhawla’spillow.Everyday,allofthosehoursshehadspentaloneinmaternitywardsmarchedoutinforcetopounceonher.Everyday,shecouldseetheclothesherchildrenneverworebecausetheirfatherdidn’tevenknowhowoldtheywere.Everyday,shesawtheyearsthathadpassedwithherbedcold,herbeautywrecked,theneighbourstakingherchildrentothehospitaliftheyfellill,hersistersloaninghermoneywhensheneededit,hermotherscoldingher,andneighbours’eyesfullofpity.Thepastcamebackeverysingleday,awarrior’slancethatstabbedherthrough.Oh,Khawla!Thatwildforestinsideofyou,fullofroughunderbrush.Haditbeenasleepalltheseyears,andwasityouwhocloseditseyes?Who

Page 216: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

coveredoveritspoisonedplants?Youcanseeitnow,though,asitripsthroughtheoldsheetswithwhichyoutriedtocoveritandchokeoffallthosethorns.Whatdoesitwant?Youdon’tknow,ofcourse.Howwouldyouknow?Asyoutakeasteponthestaircasethatleadsdownintoit,thestepbeforeitsplintersandthewaybackisgone.Thewhitesheetsthatcovereditaregone.WhatshesawnowwasnotNasir’ssweetness,thegentlenesshecould

show,thewayhedidlosehimselfservingherandthechildren.Shecouldn’tseehisloyalty,hisperfectrespect.Shesawthebirthingrooms,emptyexceptforhermoaningandthenewborn.Shesawthelongmorningsofpregnancy,asshelaytheresickandcold.Sheheardtheringingofhistelephoneaftermidnight.Sheheardhiswhisperingsandhissighsintothephone,sheheardthescreechofairplanesliftingofftherunway,headingforCanada,yearafteryearforanentiredecade,neverstopping.Sheheardthechildren’sscreams,theclattertheymade,andshefeltthecoldnessofherbedcreepingintoherbody.Allofit,Khawlacarriedonherback,andtheloadgrewheaviereveryday,andherbackbegantobreak.Tryingeverypossibleargument,hebeggedhertotakebackher

decision,butherearswerestoppedupnow.Shenolongerevenheardhisvoice.Shehadn’theardhisvoiceforalongtime,infact.Hepleadedwithher.Wordsthatundoubtedlywouldhaveoncemeltedherricochetedagainsthereardrumslikerustybitsofiron.Thefaultwasn’tinthewordsbutintheyears.Inallthosewinternightsandsummerdays.Theyearsdraggedallofthosewordsbehindthemandwhenthewordstriedtotakerootonherburdenedback,thestonygroundtherethrewthemoff.Orsheatethemtothebone,thewaysomecreaturesconsumetheiryoung.Theyearswerelivecreatures.Khawladidnotforgetanythingshehadgonethrough,daybyday,hourbyhour,minutebyminute,everythinginsidehersappingherspirit.Everydayplungedanotherbladeintothedeepearthinsideofher,turningitovermercilessly,sowingit.Atthelowestpoint,atKhawla’sbedrock,therewasnofreshsoilfitforplanting.Therewerewordsshewantedtosaytohim.Anythingatall,thatwould

Page 217: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

havebeenenoughforme,anythingthatwouldhavewateredthefieldsofmyheartandmadethemflower.Anythingtofillthosebasketsheldouttoyou.Onlytoyou.Anything.Aletter.Justasinglepagewithonesingleword,inyourhandwriting.Theringofatelephoneaftermidnight,asnatcheddreaminwhichyoudidn’tturnyourback,asmallstep,asingleslowturntofaceme.Anything.Evenanangryscolding!Asighofexasperation.Acheapgift.Anythingwouldhavebeenalot.Butthatanythingnevercame.Nothing,ever.Andnow,everythingisnotenough.Everythingisalotlessthanasinglebud,asingleleafunfoldinginafieldwhippedbywinter.Butshedidn’tsayanyofit.Howtosayit,toamanwhohadspentthe

lasttenyearsworkinghimselfhardtoservehishomeandchildren,howcouldheunderstandthattheseedplantedinthosefirsttenyearshadsuddenlyeruptedinherbody,growingthornsthattoreherintoshreds?

Page 218: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

Abdallah

WewereontheshoreatSib.MyLexuswasparkedatoneofthenewlamppoststhatvaguelyresembletheBurjal-ArabinDubai.Muhammadwassittingnexttome.Hesaidshewasbeinginsanely

jealous,andpreventinghimfromdoingwhatheloved.Shewasspyingonhim,lookingathisphone.Thecarseemedtoleanintothelamppost.Who?IaskedMuhammad.Whoisshe?Helookedatme,startled.Mywife,hesaid.Mayya.Iheardafaintlaughcomingfromthebackseat.Suppressedand

derisive,itwasalaughIknewverywell.Ibroughtmyarminfromthecarwindowandsaidwithoutturningaround,Don’tlaughatme,Papa.Youaren’tevenhereanymore.YoudiedtheyearMuhammadwasborn.ThelaughonlygrewlouderandinthecarmirrorIsawmyfather’swhitebeardshaking.Salimpassedbythecarwindow,running,followedbytwoyoung

fellows,butolderthanhewas,chasinghiminaPorsche.IturnedtowardMuhammadbutIfoundLondon,crying.Yes,Papa,shesaid.Iamsuccessful,yes.Muhammadwasababyinherlap,shakinghisheadhardinoneofthoseendlessjerkymovementshealwaysmade.ThecarfadedawayandMuhammadandIweresittingonthebeach.Muhammadlookedlikeatotallyordinarystrappingyoungman.Hewaswhistlinghappily,andsuddenlyhesaidtome,Ican’tstanditanymore,Abdallah,herjealousywillkillme.Iturnedtohim.Whoisshe?Whodoyoumean?Mywife,hesaid.Igrabbedthesleeveofhisgreydishdasha.Butyouarestilllittle,andyouaresick,andyoudonothaveawife.Hescreamed.Mywifewillkillme!Shekeepshereyesonmyphone,

shesurroundsme.Hecollapsed,stillshouting.Sheisalwaysbentoverthatdamnedsewingmachine,shestrokesit,butsheneveroncebends

Page 219: was - Literary Theory and Criticism...kohl onto her eyelids, and to always pay attention to what there is to eat and drink. Yes, said Mayya, her face as serious as ever and her voice

overme.Thesalivabegantodripfromhismouthashishandmadethoserepeatedsharpnervousmovements.Islappedhim,sayingoverandover,Shutup,you’remakingascene,you’rescandalizingus.Myfathersnatchedthewhipfrommyhands.Hethrewitintothesea.

Butyouaredead,Papa,Isaidtohim.Howcanyoucomebacklikethis?Hewentaway,notturningbackonce.Ishoutedafterhim.Takehim

withyou,Papa!TakeMuhammadwithyou.Everythingwentdark.Iheardthesoundofmycarstarting,Iheardit

leaving.IcaughtaglimpseofLondonatthewheel.IscoopedMuhammadintomyarms.Heislikeafish,Muhammadis,Isuddenlythought.Iwalkeddowntothewater.Thewaveswerewellingup,andIwentinuptomychest.WhenIopenedmyarmsMuhammadslippedawaylikeafish.AndIcameoutofthewaterdry.