Warmup: Feb. 10, 2014

What do you think the world would be like without fungi? Describe.

Warmup: February 11, 2014

Name three things found in a plant cell that aren’t found in an animal cell. Describe what

they do.

Warmup February 12, 20141. How does a cell get nutrients and water?

2. What is the difference between exocytosis and endocytosis?

Warmup: Feb 13, 2014

Objectives

1. Describe the characteristics of fungi2. Distinguish between the four main groups of

fungi3. Explain how lichens affect their environment

FUNGI• They are eukaryotic. (Their cells have nuclei.) • They are heterotrophs. (They cannot make their own food.)• Their cells have rigid cell walls.• They have no chlorophyll. • They produce reproductive cells called spores.

1. hyphae- a thread-like filament. Chains of cells that have openings to allow cytoplasm to move between cells

2. mycellium- hyphae make fungus grow together in a twisted mass underground (largest part of fungus)

Reproduction: sexual or asexual—by spores or when a piece of hyphae breaks off and through “budding” forms a new cell

Nutrients: heterotrophs, secrete digestive juices onto food and absorb the nutrients

Four kinds of fungi: (based on shape and way reproduce)

1. Threadlike fungi, sac fungi, club fungi, imperfect fungi

Threadlike: sexual or asexual reproduction, sporangia produce spores (example: mold)

Sac fungi: largest group, when sexual reproducing, they form a sac where spores are (example: yeasts, mildew, morels, some used for vitamins and antibiotics, some cause disease

Club FungiExample: Mushrooms, smuts, rusts, puffballs. Some attack corn and wheat, reproduce sexually by producing basidia that are above the ground.

Imperfect fungi

Some are harmful, others are not. Example: athlete’s foot, aflatoxin (poison that causes cancer), penicillin, cheeses, soy sauce.

LichensCombination of a fungus and an alga—even though they are two separate organisms, they function as one; very good ecological indicators; are able to form soil as well

Questions for Tuesday: Feb. 11: Chapt 11 Sect 31. What are the four groups of fungi? 2. How does a mycorrhiza help both the plant and the fungus? 3. How are a hypha and a mycelium related?4. What part of a club fungus grows above the ground? What part grows below the ground? 5. What is the function of sporangia? 6. How are lichens different from fungi? 7. What is the difference between a lichen and a mycorrhiza? 8. Which group of fungi forms basidia during sexual reproduction?

Answers for Tuesday: Feb. 11: Chapt 11 Sect 31. club, imperfect, sac, threadlike2. By a mutualistic relationship –plant provides nutrients, protects plant from diseases3. A group of the hyphae make up the mycelium4. The spore-producing part; the mycelium grows below ground 5. To produce spores6. They are a combination of fungus and alga, fungi do not produce food through photosynthesis 7. A mycorrhiza is a relationship between a fungus and plant, a lichen is between a fungus and alga 8. Club

Objectives

1. Describe the characteristics of fungi2. Distinguish between the four main groups of

fungi3. Explain how lichens affect their environment

Go over worksheet on kingdoms….

Practice with scientific method…

1. What is the problem?2. What is the hypothesis?3. What is the control?4. What are the variables? Independent? Dependent?

What are 5 observations?

What are 5 inferences?

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.

What are 5 predictions?

Kingdom Plantae-Objectives1. What characteristics do all plants share?2. What are two differences between plant

cells and animal cells?3. What are the differences between seedless

vascular plants and nonvascular plants?4. How can plants reproduce without seeds?

What is a plant??-an organism that uses sunlight to make food-cuticle-waxy layer that coats a plant’s leaves and stem-how do plants stay upright?-vascular vs nonvascular (how do vascular plants get nutrients/water?)Examples: mosses, liverworts, hornworts; ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms-two types of vascular plants: gymnosperms (nonflowering), angiosperms (flowering)

-do not have vascular tissue to deliver water and nutrients-rhizoid-rootlike structure to help plants get water and nutrients-first to live in a new environment-peat moss

Seedless vascular plants-lived 300mya-formed coal and oil (fossil fuels)-horsetails used in shampoos, club mosses, ferns

Questions-Chapt 12 Section 21. What are two differences between a rhizoid and a rhizome?2. Make a Venn Diagram to compare vascular and nonvascular plants3. What are two ways in which seedless nonvascular plants reproduce

asexually?

The Importance Of Observations

Chewing Gum experiment…