Warm Up- Separate piece Warm Up- Separate piece of paper…NOT IN CB!!of paper…NOT IN CB!!

Reactivity LabReactivity Lab

Purpose- To look at the reactivity of Purpose- To look at the reactivity of different metals and determine an different metals and determine an activity series.activity series.

HypothesisHypothesis

Think about the number of valence Think about the number of valence electrons in an atom….Which metals electrons in an atom….Which metals do you think are most reactive?do you think are most reactive?

Metals with ____________ valence Metals with ____________ valence electrons will have _____________ electrons will have _____________ reactivity, because…… reactivity, because……

How does it work?How does it work?

A reaction takes place when electrons A reaction takes place when electrons move. The more reactive atom gives move. The more reactive atom gives its electrons to the less reactive atom its electrons to the less reactive atom

and “replaces” it in the compound.and “replaces” it in the compound.

Na is more active than LiNa is more active than Li

Na + LiCl Na + LiCl →→ Li + NaCl Li + NaCl

Materials ListMaterials List

As you do the lab, make a complete As you do the lab, make a complete list of the materials that you are list of the materials that you are using…using…

ProcedureProcedure

1.1. Place metals in the correct well.Place metals in the correct well.

2.2. Add the correct solution using the Add the correct solution using the plastic pipettes (be careful!)plastic pipettes (be careful!)

3.3. Make observations for any well that Make observations for any well that seems to react. Record color seems to react. Record color changes, formation of new changes, formation of new substances, bubbles…etc.substances, bubbles…etc.

Setting up your well Setting up your well plateplate

Copy this table onto your Copy this table onto your lablab1 2 3 4 5 6

A Mg

Mg

Fe Mg

Mg

Mg

B Fe Fe Zn Zn Fe FeC Zn Cu Cu Cu Zn ZnD Pb Pb Pb Pb Cu Cu

Make another table to Make another table to record observations…record observations…

1 2 3 4 5 6ABCD

Adding the SolutionsAdding the Solutions

Column 1- Cu(NOColumn 1- Cu(NO33))22

Column 2- Zn(NOColumn 2- Zn(NO33))22

Column 3- Mg(NOColumn 3- Mg(NO33))22

Column 4- Fe(NOColumn 4- Fe(NO33))22

Column 5- Pb(NOColumn 5- Pb(NO33))22

Column 1- Ag(NOColumn 1- Ag(NO33))22

Make a table to record your Make a table to record your observations!observations!

1A….turned green1A….turned green

2B… no reaction2B… no reaction

Be very detailed in your Be very detailed in your descriptions.descriptions.

What did you see?What did you see?

Setting up your well Setting up your well plateplate

Copy this table onto your Copy this table onto your lablab1 2 3 4 5 6

AMg Mg Fe Mg Mg Mg

BFe Fe Zn Zn Fe Fe

CZn Cu Cu Cu Zn Zn

DPb Pb Pb Pb Cu Cu

Here are my resultsHere are my results

1 2 3 4 5 6A Y Y Y Y Y YB Y N Y Y Y YC Y N N Y Y YD Y N N N N Y

Valence ElectronsValence Electrons

Mg- 2Mg- 2

Zn- 2Zn- 2

Cu- 2Cu- 2

Fe- 2Fe- 2

Pb- 2Pb- 2

Ag- 2Ag- 2

When you look at the number When you look at the number of valence electrons, you of valence electrons, you notice that all the metals we notice that all the metals we used all the same number….used all the same number….

So it must have more to do So it must have more to do with where the electrons are with where the electrons are on the atom…on the atom…

Trend in ReactivityTrend in Reactivity

Reactivity increases down a group- the Reactivity increases down a group- the electrons are farther away from the nucleus.electrons are farther away from the nucleus.

Look at Bohr models for Li and KLook at Bohr models for Li and K

Reactivity decreases from left to right across Reactivity decreases from left to right across the PT because the orbitals are getting closer to the PT because the orbitals are getting closer to being complete…being complete…

Bohr model for Li and KBohr model for Li and K

Concluding QuestionsConcluding Questions

1.1. What evidence did you look for to determine if What evidence did you look for to determine if a reaction occurred?a reaction occurred?

2.2. Which were the most reactive metals? Why?Which were the most reactive metals? Why?

3.3. Which were the least reactive metals? Why?Which were the least reactive metals? Why?

4.4. List the metals from least reactive to most List the metals from least reactive to most reactive.reactive.

Write a nice paragraph that answers all the Write a nice paragraph that answers all the questions. Use complete questions. Use complete

sentenses.Don’t use personal pronounssentenses.Don’t use personal pronouns..