Warm UpWarm UpGrab 1 of each packet from the front Grab 1 of each packet from the front tabletable

(3 Total)(3 Total)

Prepare for NotesPrepare for Notes

The End of The End of ReconstructionReconstruction

The “Redemption”The “Redemption”

The Failure of the The Failure of the Freedman’s BureauFreedman’s Bureau Freedman’s Bureau fails to Freedman’s Bureau fails to

redistribute land redistribute land

Economic AbandonmentEconomic Abandonment

Begins Sharecropping system in Begins Sharecropping system in SouthSouth

SharecroppingSharecropping

System of DebtSystem of Debt

You are loaned money at You are loaned money at beginning of year. beginning of year.

Have to pay it off with crops that Have to pay it off with crops that you growyou grow

Primary SourcePrimary Source

A Sharecropping contractA Sharecropping contract

““Redemption”Redemption” 1873-18771873-1877

White Supremacists White Supremacists terrorize African terrorize African Americans in South to Americans in South to suppress their vote, suppress their vote, regain Southern States to regain Southern States to Democrats and white Democrats and white votersvoters

The Rise of the KKK, The Rise of the KKK, White League, White LineWhite League, White Line

Amnesty ActAmnesty Act

18721872 Pardoned most Pardoned most

former former ConfederatesConfederates

All but 500 of top All but 500 of top leadersleaders

Readmitting the StatesReadmitting the States

Tennessee - July 24, 1866 Tennessee - July 24, 1866 Arkansas - June 22, 1868 Arkansas - June 22, 1868 Florida - June 25, 1868 Florida - June 25, 1868 North Carolina - July 4, 1868 North Carolina - July 4, 1868 South Carolina - July 9, 1868 South Carolina - July 9, 1868 Louisiana - July 9, 1868 Louisiana - July 9, 1868 Alabama - July 13, 1868 Alabama - July 13, 1868 Virginia - January 26, 1870 Virginia - January 26, 1870 Mississippi - February 23, 1870 Mississippi - February 23, 1870 Texas - March 30, 1870 Texas - March 30, 1870 Georgia - July 15, 1870 Georgia - July 15, 1870

The Southern Slave Power The Southern Slave Power and “Redemption”and “Redemption”

obstruct Reconstruction - maintain obstruct Reconstruction - maintain economic control economic control

sharecropping, convict lease, and sharecropping, convict lease, and lien systemlien system

land never redistributedland never redistributed emphasized white superiorityemphasized white superiority support from poor white southernerssupport from poor white southerners deny black political powerdeny black political power terror and violenceterror and violence

Myths of “Redemption”Myths of “Redemption”

black politicians black politicians dominated state dominated state governmentsgovernments

justify overthrow - justify overthrow - manufactured manufactured twin myths - twin myths - corruption and corruption and ignoranceignorance

necessary to cheat necessary to cheat and kill to restore and kill to restore “honest” government “honest” government

myths perpetuated by myths perpetuated by successive successive generations of generations of historianshistorians

era of corruptionera of corruption

Real fearsReal fears

honesty not corruption, honesty not corruption, brilliance not ignorancebrilliance not ignorance

good black government good black government not bad black governmentnot bad black government

Southerners conclude Southerners conclude monstrous crime of monstrous crime of Reconstruction was Reconstruction was equality, violation of equality, violation of American caste systemAmerican caste system

““Redemption”Redemption”

Paramilitaries of Democratic Party Paramilitaries of Democratic Party suppress African American Votesuppress African American Vote

African American vote main African American vote main support of Republicans in the support of Republicans in the SouthSouth

Elite Southerners begin to take Elite Southerners begin to take away African American Political away African American Political Power and regain their own powerPower and regain their own power– Campaign of ViolenceCampaign of Violence– Take away voting rightsTake away voting rights– Make economic security impossibleMake economic security impossible

DisenfranchisementDisenfranchisement

Suppressing the VoteSuppressing the Vote

ViolenceViolence

KKKKKK

““Ghosts of Ghosts of Confederate Confederate Soldiers”Soldiers”

LynchingLynching

ViolenceViolence

Primary Source: KKK VictimsPrimary Source: KKK Victims

Warm UpWarm Up

Prepare for notesPrepare for notes

Reminder – Have Notebooks in Reminder – Have Notebooks in order for Thursday’s in class order for Thursday’s in class Essay workEssay work

Elite Southerners begin to take Elite Southerners begin to take away African American Political away African American Political Power and regain their own powerPower and regain their own power– Campaign of ViolenceCampaign of Violence– Take away voting rightsTake away voting rights– Make economic security impossibleMake economic security impossible

DisenfranchisementDisenfranchisement

Suppressing the VoteSuppressing the Vote

States have States have power to regulate power to regulate electionselections

Poll TaxPoll Tax

Literacy TestsLiteracy Tests

Suppressing the VoteSuppressing the Vote

Many Southern Many Southern states passed states passed oppressive Black oppressive Black CodesCodes

SegregationSegregation

Separate but EqualSeparate but Equal

Separation of Separation of Races allowed Races allowed so long as they so long as they are are separate separate but equal but equal facilities for facilities for bothboth

Legacy that Legacy that would last until would last until 1960s1960s

RedemptionRedemption

1874 – Louisiana is 1874 – Louisiana is first state to be first state to be taken over by taken over by DemocratsDemocrats

Violence in the Violence in the ElectionElection

Grant fails to actGrant fails to act

Other States FollowOther States Follow

One by one other states use One by one other states use systematic violencesystematic violence

Change voting lawsChange voting laws

Other states fall to Democratic Other states fall to Democratic RedeemersRedeemers

The Solid SouthThe Solid South

For the next 100+ years For the next 100+ years

South votes solid DemocraticSouth votes solid Democratic

The Election of 1876The Election of 1876

Democrats run Samuel TildenDemocrats run Samuel Tilden Republicans run Rutherford B Republicans run Rutherford B

HayesHayes

Election of 1876Election of 1876

Disputed ElectionDisputed Election

Disputed ResultsDisputed Results

One electoral vote majority for One electoral vote majority for RepublicansRepublicans

Two sets of official results were Two sets of official results were sent to Congress by South sent to Congress by South Carolina, Florida and Louisiana Carolina, Florida and Louisiana

Electoral Commission InvestigatesElectoral Commission Investigates

The Compromise of The Compromise of 18771877 The removal of all Federal troops from the former The removal of all Federal troops from the former

Confederate StatesConfederate States. (Troops only remained in . (Troops only remained in Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida, but the Louisiana, South Carolina, and Florida, but the Compromise finalized the process.) Hayes had already Compromise finalized the process.) Hayes had already promised to do this. promised to do this.

The appointment of at least one Southern Democrat to The appointment of at least one Southern Democrat to Hayes' cabinetHayes' cabinet (David M. Key of Tennessee was (David M. Key of Tennessee was appointed Postmaster General). Hayes had already appointed Postmaster General). Hayes had already promised thispromised this

The construction of another transcontinental railroad The construction of another transcontinental railroad using the Texas and Pacific in the Southusing the Texas and Pacific in the South (this had been (this had been part of the "Scott Plan" which initiated the process part of the "Scott Plan" which initiated the process which led to the final compromise); which led to the final compromise);

Legislation to help industrialize the SouthLegislation to help industrialize the South. .

Compromise of 1877Compromise of 1877

Troops removedTroops removed

Northern Republicans leaveNorthern Republicans leave

Democrats and white supremacy Democrats and white supremacy (segregation, Black codes) cemented (segregation, Black codes) cemented in the Southin the South

Reconstruction is over.Reconstruction is over.

The New SouthThe New South

Southerners Southerners recognize recognize importance of importance of industryindustry

““Out Yankee the Out Yankee the Yankees”Yankees”

Steel, tobacco, Steel, tobacco, cotton, lumbercotton, lumber– Textile Mills, Textile Mills,

Steel millsSteel mills