Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
WARM UPCopy HW
Please take out your Final Thoughts
Make it page 10 and make sure your name is on it
Please share your paragraph with a someone near you and provide them feedback
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
How do societies stabilize in the face of adversity?
What happens when there is no central government?
What happens when different cultures interact with one another?
CASTLES
EARLY CASTLES
~1020 CE
motte – raised mound of earth
bailey – enclosed area
keep – wooden or stone building
The largest mottes in England are estimated to have required up to 24,000 man-days of work
PURPOSE OF A CASTLE
• defensive fortress
• centers of administration
• symbols of power
• protect the local people and important travel routes
• rural castles were near features that were important to life in the community, such as mills and fertile land
CASTLE CONSTRUCTION
Materials:stone clay soiloak wood
Process:1. Quarrymen cut stone blocks
from the ground2. Horse and wagons haul the
stone to the building site3. Masons mix mortar and build the
wall
Medieval Stone Masons
ROOMS IN A CASTLE
kitchen - kitchen
buttery - refrigerator
bottlery – wine cellar
pantry - storeroom
great hall – dining room
chapel - church
sleeping chambers -
bedroom
solar – living room
wardrobe – closet/safe
throne room - office
garderobe - toilet
dungeon – jail
stables - garage
DEFENSIVE FEATURES
barbican - thin, enclosed passageway; part of a gatehouse
drawbridge – a wooden bridge across a moat that can be retracted
moat – water surrounding a castle to slow attackers; prevented
tunnels
ramparts – steep banks that protected the castle
curtain walls – surrounded the castle
towers – tall parts of the walls that give extra strength to walls; good
view
portcullis – gate that slides down during attack
parapet – walkway along the top of the wall
crenellations – toothed sections at the top of the wall
arrow loop – slits in the wall to shoot arrows from
murder holes - holes in passageways used to drop things on
attackers
tower parapet portcullis
crenellations
curtain wall
arrow loop murder holes
CLOSURE
WHAT ARE THREE REASONS FOR SPENDING SO MUCH
TIME AND ENERGY BUILDING A CASTLE?
Protection for the kingdoms
Status symbols for the monarchs
Centers for trade
