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WARM UP #9 12/13
Look in any of your 3 notes from Ch 4 and make 4 True or False questions.
EXAMPLE: T or F. In a hypertonic solution cells shrink.
Urinary System Function:
1.) CLEAN BLOOD (GET RID OF WASTES)
2.) HELP MAINTAIN WATER BALANCE
3.) HELP REGULATE BLOOD PRESSURE
MADE UP OF 4 MAIN PARTS:
1. Kidneys –organ that filters blood
2. Ureters - tube that carries urine from the kidneys to bladder
3. Bladder - sac that stores urine
4. Urethra - tube that carries urine out of the body
Body produces wastes… if they build up, it is like poison.
blood picks it up wastes or extra things that our body didn’t need or use
Gets taken out of the blood in our KIDNEYS
Eliminated in our urine with extra water
HAVING YOUR URINE CHECKED
Urinalysis can reveal diseases that have gone unnoticed because they do not produce striking signs or symptoms.Urinalysis provides information about the kidney, urinary tract, and non-kidney disorders.
Check under Microscope
EX: White blood cells– a few are normal– high numbers
indicate inflammation or infection somewhere along the urinary or genital tract
What can you find out from urine?
• Kidney problems
• Infections
• Drugs taken
• Pregnancies
• Diabetes
• Several different diseases
ALCOHOL = 3-5 days
MARIJUANA = Up to 3 months!
KEEPING A BALANCE
BODY GETS BODY LOSES
WATER WATER
1. Drinks 1. sweat
2. Foods 2. breathing
3. urine
4. feces
DIURETIC – chemical that makes your kidneys to let out
water
EX:
Alcohol
Caffeine
Diet pills
DEHYDRATION – body is low on water
SALT- WATER- BLOOD PRESSURE BALANCE
salt = body keeps water = blood
pressure
salt = body gets rid of water =
blood pressure
Low on water - brain sends HORMONES to kidneys to make them hold on to fluids
Too much water – brain sends hormones to kidneys to make them let out fluids
BIZARRE FACTS!
• At weddings in North Africa, for ceremonial purposes, the bride's urine was sprinkled on the guests after the wedding.
• Long ago, urine was often used as toothpaste. It was believed that brushing one's teeth with urine would make the teeth whiter.
• Mahatma Gandhi drank pee regularly.
• In some parts of India people bottle and sell cow urine (cows are considered sacred there)
• In Pre-Colonial Peru, the Inca washed their children's hair with urine as a remedy for head lice
One cell waste = ammonia = poisonous
LIVER – changes ammonia to UREA (not as toxic) for kidneys to get rid of
Typical Substances Tested & Significance
• pH - partial assessment of acid base status; alkaline pH indicates old sample or urinary tract infection
• Specific Gravity - state of kidney and hydration status of patient
• Protein - primarily detects protein called albumin; important indicator in the detection of renal disease
• Glucose - primarily detects glucose (sugar); important indicator of diabetes mellitus
Typical Substances Tested & Significance
• Blood - red blood cells, hemoglobin, or myoglobin (muscle hemoglobin); sensitive early indicator of renal disease
• Ketone - normal product of fat metabolism; increased amounts seen in diabetes or starvation (extreme dieting)
• Bilirubin - detects bilirubin (a product of red cell breakdown); indicator of liver function
• Urobilinogen - another by-product of red cell breakdown; increased amounts seen in fever, dehydration, hemolytic anemia and liver disease