Warm-up

In your notebook, respond to the following in 3 to 5 sentences:

Thomas Jefferson once said: “Every generation needs a new revolution.” If you had to start a revolution, what would you try to change? What changes need to be made in society?

NC REBELLIONS

Not everyone was content with the Colonial Gov’ts There were early moves to strengthen

the colonial gov’ts in the hopes of benefiting England

Some colonials were more interested in their own fortunes than in serving king and country

The following are examples of local conflicts during the period of colonization

These examples might help us see what early problems influenced much later problems (see Revolution!)

Rebellions/Conflict

Bacon’s Rebellion (not in NC)

Culpepper Rebellion Cary RebellionTuscarora War

Colonial Government and Rebellion

Few could vote Only men White, 21 years old Property owners (50 acres or more) (think 37 football fields of space or half the Magic Kingdom!)

Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina Created by the 8 Lord Proprietors

1669 – established colonial government “Grand Model” – each settler would obey a

strict social order (intended to be like Feudalism)

Yeomen – small farmer (bottom of chain) paid taxes/obeyed the landgraves (large land owners)

Palatine – governor of the colony, chosen from the Proprietors

1. Bacon’s Rebellion

1676 in the Virginia Colony

Nathaniel Bacon – Planter from England

Angry with Governor Berkeley

Bacon’s Rebellion

1676: Greed in Virginia for rich farmlands pushes settlers into conflict with natives

Settlers desire to move onto treaty-protected lands

29 year-old Nathaniel Bacon petitions gov’t to approve war with natives

Bacon’s Rebellion

Unhappy about low tobacco prices, limits on voting rights, rule by an aristocratic minority, and lack of protection from the Native Americans

Bacon’s Rebellion

Governor refuses, Bacon attacks anyway

Eventually, Bacon sees the Gov’t as a obstacle

Bacon wages war on the gov’t and burns down the capital (Jamestown)

Bacon dies of dysentery, rebellion eventually fades out

Largely unsuccessful, but Berkeley (governor) did step down

2. Culpeper’s Rebellion

1677 – rebellion against the Navigation Acts Monopolized colonial trade for England (only English merchants and ships to England)

Tariffs/Export Taxes placed on colonial products

Tobacco was usually shipped to Boston and other goods to the West Indies

Resistance and Conflict

George Durant…WHO?

George Durant

Wanted chance to grow more tobacco with less effort and expense

Durant’s home became the center of Albemarle for business, social gatherings, and courthouse

Thomas Miller and Thomas Eastchurch

Supported Proprietors Went to England to explain situation

(“deplorable behavior”) Eastchurch appointed governor of

Carolina; Miller, tax collector 1677 – Miller sailed to Albemarle,

attempted to arrest Durant – Durant’s supporters rescued him led by Gen. John Culpeper, captured Miller

“Culpeper’s Rebellion”

Aftermath

Miller escaped; returned to England to meet with the proprietors

Proprietors blamed Miller, refused to punish rebels

Colonists would govern themselves through a new Assembly created in Albemarle

3. Cary’s Rebellion

The Vestry Act and Test Act Designed to ensure Anglican rule

Vestry Act – new tax used to build Anglican Churches

Test Act – elected officials must swear on bible to uphold Anglican faith

Quakers, Lutherans, and Catholics

All offended and angered

Quakers protest by petitioning Lord Proprietors

Thomas Cary (Governor) is fired, Edward Hyde replaced him

Attempts to enforce acts

Cary’s Rebellion

Cary supported Quakers and religious dissenters

Hoped to get his job backElections held (1708), Cary wins!

1708-1711 – Cary allows Quakers to hold office without swearing

Thomas Cary

English Response

Cary replaced with HydeCary sailed on Pamlico, fired on Hyde’s home

Caused major disruption in Carolina, represented a diminished role for Quakers in state politics

4. Tuscarora

Native American territory to west

Used as slaves by colonistsPopulation decline from 120,000 to 16,000 in a century

New technology = guns, glass beads, clothing, alcohol, etc..

Buildup to War

1711 – New Bern settled in Tuscarora territory

John Lawson, Christoph von Graffenreid and an African slave leave on expedition into Tuscarora territory

Captured, Lawson killed – others were released later

The Tuscarora War

Tuscarora decide to try to push Europeans out of Carolina

Grievances: Kidnapping and enslaving their people

Alcohol Cheated during trade Poor treatment by Europeans

The Tuscarora War

Native Americans attack Bath County

Plan to destroy all plantation

Hundreds killed (even children)

Women and children taken as slaves

Dead left for dogs and vultures

Results

NC calls for aid from South Carolina and Virginia

1713 – South Carolina responds with Catawba and Yamassee Indians

Tuscarora defeated at Ft. Neoheroka

1000 were killed/enslaved, forced out of NC to NY

Journal – wrap-up

Answer the following question in your journal in 3-5 sentences:

What is something that the U.S. government could do that would make you want to revolt or leave the country? Explain your answer.