Warm Up 5/1/2013 Teach the Teacher: How many people do you know that have cancer? Teach the Teacher: How many people do you know that have cancer? Review:

Warm Up 5/1/2013Warm Up 5/1/2013 Teach the Teacher: How many Teach the Teacher: How many

people do you know that have people do you know that have cancer? cancer?

Review: How can environmental Review: How can environmental factors change your inherited traits?factors change your inherited traits?

Learning Targets: Compare Mitosis Learning Targets: Compare Mitosis vs. Meiosis and vs. Meiosis and

List the stages of Mitosis and Meiosis List the stages of Mitosis and Meiosis

Cell Cycle Cell Cycle

Cells reproduce by Cells reproduce by a process of a process of growing and growing and dividing=cell cycledividing=cell cycle

Once it reaches its Once it reaches its size limit it has to size limit it has to either: either: 1. stop growing 1. stop growing 2. divide2. divide

Mitosis & MeiosisMitosis & Meiosis

Mitosis animation:Mitosis animation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related

Mitosis:Mitosis: If a cell wants to make a duplicate of If a cell wants to make a duplicate of

itself, it first must copy its DNA.itself, it first must copy its DNA.

The copies then must be separated & The copies then must be separated & sorted into two sides of the cell.sorted into two sides of the cell.

The cell then splits in two. Part of The cell then splits in two. Part of each parent is carried to the two new each parent is carried to the two new cells. cells.

Results in cells such as internal Results in cells such as internal organs, skin, bones, blood, etc. organs, skin, bones, blood, etc.

Meiosis:Meiosis: As in mitosis, if a cell wants to make a As in mitosis, if a cell wants to make a

duplicate of itself, it first must copy its DNA duplicate of itself, it first must copy its DNA (part of a chromosome).(part of a chromosome).

Results in reproductive cells (sperm, eggs, Results in reproductive cells (sperm, eggs, etc). etc).

Part of each parent is carried to the four Part of each parent is carried to the four new cells. new cells.

More Meiosis More Meiosis

Meiosis has evolved to solve a problem: Meiosis has evolved to solve a problem: organisms must change to adapt to organisms must change to adapt to environmental conditionsenvironmental conditions

The solution: some organisms have sex The solution: some organisms have sex with other organisms – that is, they with other organisms – that is, they combine their genes together (creating combine their genes together (creating genetic diversity).genetic diversity).

This may help you remember these terms:This may help you remember these terms:

MITMITosis takes the cell and osis takes the cell and MMakes akes IIt t TTwo (diploid)wo (diploid)

MMeeiosis has to do with siosis has to do with seexx

From the cell’s point of view:From the cell’s point of view: mmITITosis results in osis results in IIdentical dentical TTwinswins mmEEioioSSis results in is results in EEgg and gg and SSperm (haploid)perm (haploid)

Clyde Freeman Herreid – Dept. of Biological Sciences: Buffalo State Univ. of New YorkClyde Freeman Herreid – Dept. of Biological Sciences: Buffalo State Univ. of New York

Mitosis: Meiosis:Mitosis: Meiosis:

Each resulting cell still has chromosomes from mom & dadEach resulting cell still has chromosomes from mom & dad

MitosisMitosis

Mitosis animations:Mitosis animations: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0

After Mitosis:After Mitosis: CytokinesisCytokinesis

The actual splitting ofThe actual splitting of

the daughter cells into the daughter cells into

two separate cells is two separate cells is

called cytokinesis andcalled cytokinesis and

occurs differently in occurs differently in

both plant and animalboth plant and animal

Cells.Cells.

Beginning of cytokinesis in a plant:

Beginning of cytokinesis in an animal:

http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6.htm

MeiosisMeiosis

Meiosis animation:Meiosis animation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1_-mQS_FZ0&NR=1

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1_-mQS_FZ0&NR=1

Vocabulary Vocabulary

Diploid=having two copies of each Diploid=having two copies of each chromosomechromosome

Haploid= half the number of Haploid= half the number of chromosomes chromosomes

Somatic cell=any cell besides a sex Somatic cell=any cell besides a sex cellcell

Cytokinesis= when a cell splits Cytokinesis= when a cell splits (cytoplasm cuts) (cytoplasm cuts)

Yvonne NormanYvonne Norman

G410 (Life Sciences for Middle School Educators)G410 (Life Sciences for Middle School Educators)

Senior – Portland State UniversitySenior – Portland State University

February 2009February 2009

Warm-UP 5/1/2013Warm-UP 5/1/2013

Teach the Teacher: Describe your Teach the Teacher: Describe your favorite elementary school teacher. favorite elementary school teacher.

Describe Abraham Lincoln. Describe Abraham Lincoln. Review: What words can you Review: What words can you

remember that go with mitosis and remember that go with mitosis and meiosis? meiosis?

Learning Targets: When and why does Learning Targets: When and why does a cell divide. a cell divide.

Cellular Growth Cellular Growth

1) 1) Concept One: Cells Concept One: Cells grow until they reach grow until they reach theirtheir

size limit, then they size limit, then they either stop growing or either stop growing or divide.divide.

* Large cells DO NOT * Large cells DO NOT Function ProperlyFunction Properly

(Because of this Cells (Because of this Cells must remain small)must remain small)

Concept Two: Concept Two: Everything must be Everything must be copied beforecopied before

any division any division occurs. occurs.

Surface Area to Volume Surface Area to Volume RatioRatio Surface area: area Surface area: area

on the outside of on the outside of cell covered by PMcell covered by PM

Volume: The Volume: The space taken up space taken up within the cellwithin the cell

Ratio: an Ratio: an expression that expression that compares compares quantitiesquantities

Surface Area to Volume Surface Area to Volume RatioRatio

Smaller ratio indicates Smaller ratio indicates a cell will have trouble a cell will have trouble supplying nutrients or supplying nutrients or expelling wastes (3:2)expelling wastes (3:2)

Higher surface area to Higher surface area to volume of smaller volume of smaller cells=easier life (6:1)cells=easier life (6:1)

Think about Diffusion Think about Diffusion and motor proteins and motor proteins

Small cells=more Small cells=more efficient transport efficient transport systems systems

Thus=Cell Cycle Thus=Cell Cycle Cell cycle: Cell cycle:

processes in processes in which a cell which a cell grow and dividegrow and divide

Why: Why: 1. prevents a cell 1. prevents a cell

from becoming from becoming too largetoo large

2. the way a cell 2. the way a cell reproducesreproduces

Allows growth of Allows growth of organisms and organisms and healing injurieshealing injuries

Cell Cycle Stages Cell Cycle Stages

Three main stages of the cell cycleThree main stages of the cell cycle 1) 1) Interphase - Stage of cellularInterphase - Stage of cellular

growth and DNA replicationgrowth and DNA replication 2) 2) Mitosis - Stage when the Mitosis - Stage when the

nucleusnucleus

and the nuclear material (DNA) divideand the nuclear material (DNA) divide

Cell Cycle Stages Cell Cycle Stages

3) 3) Cytokinesis - Stage where theCytokinesis - Stage where the

cytoplasm dividescytoplasm divides Duration is dependent on the type of Duration is dependent on the type of

cellcell Normal animal cells can go through aNormal animal cells can go through a

complete cycle in 12-24 hourscomplete cycle in 12-24 hours

Interphase Interphase During interphase the cell grows, During interphase the cell grows,

develops into a mature, functioning celldevelops into a mature, functioning cell Three StagesThree Stages 1) 1) G1 - Period of cell growth, G1 - Period of cell growth,

carrying out normal carrying out normal functions, functions, prepares to replicate DNAprepares to replicate DNA

Some cells stop at this point (Muscle)Some cells stop at this point (Muscle) 2) 2) S - Period where cell will S - Period where cell will

replicate the DNAreplicate the DNA

Interphase Interphase

Chromosomes - Structures that Chromosomes - Structures that contain the genetic contain the genetic material that is material that is passed from generation to generationspassed from generation to generations

Chromatin - Relaxed form of DNAChromatin - Relaxed form of DNA 3) 3) G3 - Where the cell takes G3 - Where the cell takes

inventory and makes sure it is inventory and makes sure it is ready for mitosis, creating proteins ready for mitosis, creating proteins needed for divisionneeded for division

Interphase Interphase occurs just before occurs just before Mitosis begins:Mitosis begins:

DNA is replicated along with organelles and other cellular components and the cell prepares for division.


MitosisMitosis Interphase Interphase

Animal cellAnimal cell Plant cellPlant cell

Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

11stst step in Mitosis: step in Mitosis: Prophase (preparation phase)Prophase (preparation phase)


The DNA recoils, and the chromosomes condense; the nuclear membrane disappears, and the mitotic spindles begin to form.

MitosisMitosis Prophase Prophase



22ndnd step in Mitosis: step in Mitosis:metaphase (organizational metaphase (organizational

phase)phase) The The

chromosomes chromosomes line up the line up the middle of the cell middle of the cell with the help of with the help of spindle fibers spindle fibers attached to the attached to the centromere of centromere of each replicated each replicated chromosome. chromosome.


MitosisMitosis Metaphase Metaphase



33rdrd step in Mitosis: step in Mitosis: Anaphase (separation phase)Anaphase (separation phase)

The The chromosomes chromosomes split in the split in the middle and the middle and the sister chromatids sister chromatids are pulled by the are pulled by the spindle fibers to spindle fibers to opposite poles of opposite poles of the cell. the cell.


MitosisMitosis Anaphase Anaphase



44thth step in Mitosis: step in Mitosis: TelophaseTelophase

The chromosomes, The chromosomes, along with the along with the cytoplasm and its cytoplasm and its organelles and organelles and membranes are divided membranes are divided into 2 portions. This into 2 portions. This diagram shows the end diagram shows the end of telophase.of telophase.


MitosisMitosis Telophase Telophase

Animal cell Animal cell (cytokinesis)(cytokinesis)

Plant cell Plant cell (cytokinesis)(cytokinesis)


MitosisMitosis Interphase Interphase



Mitosis Flip Book Mitosis Flip Book

Google: Benettonplay flip book Google: Benettonplay flip book Book with different stages: pg. 249Book with different stages: pg. 249 18 slides total (6 steps in book with 18 slides total (6 steps in book with

at least 2 pgs getting to the next at least 2 pgs getting to the next step) step)

First pictures of stages must be First pictures of stages must be labeled! labeled!

Warm-up 5/1/2013 Warm-up 5/1/2013

Teach the Teacher: What are the top Teach the Teacher: What are the top 5 things you hope to accomplish over 5 things you hope to accomplish over the summer?the summer?

Review: What are two differences Review: What are two differences between mitosis and meiosis? between mitosis and meiosis?

Learning Targets: Compare and Learning Targets: Compare and Contrast mitosis and meiosis Contrast mitosis and meiosis

Cancer ResearchCancer Research

Google CDC cancer Google CDC cancer Scroll part way down and in the center is Scroll part way down and in the center is

“Types of Cancer” and pick 4 from the list“Types of Cancer” and pick 4 from the list For each type of cancer click on basic For each type of cancer click on basic

information on the right hand sideinformation on the right hand side On your 3x5 (one disease for each side) On your 3x5 (one disease for each side)

write the cancer, a stat about it, and 3 write the cancer, a stat about it, and 3 things you can do to prevent the diseasethings you can do to prevent the disease

3x5 Card: CDC cancer 3x5 Card: CDC cancer

Type of Cancer: Type of Cancer:

Stat: Stat:

3 prevention steps:3 prevention steps:

Warm-Up 5/11/12Warm-Up 5/11/12

Teach the Teacher: What is your Teach the Teacher: What is your number one played song on your ipod number one played song on your ipod right now?right now?

Review: What causes a tumor/cancer?Review: What causes a tumor/cancer?

LT: Differences between mitosis and LT: Differences between mitosis and meiosis. meiosis.

Cancer Prevention Cancer Prevention

1. What do you think are the top 1. What do you think are the top seven things you can do to prevent seven things you can do to prevent cancer? cancer?

2. Which ones are you the best at 2. Which ones are you the best at incorporating into your life? incorporating into your life?

3. If you were to do a mandala what 3. If you were to do a mandala what would be the seven symbols you would be the seven symbols you would put it in it. would put it in it.

Mitosis vs. Meiosis Mitosis vs. Meiosis

Trash BBALLTrash BBALL

Trash Bball Trash Bball

The end result of this is two The end result of this is two cells cells


This only happens in gametes This only happens in gametes (sex cells)(sex cells)


This goes through cytokinesis This goes through cytokinesis twicetwice


This results in 4 cells with This results in 4 cells with half the genetic material half the genetic material


This happens in the somatic This happens in the somatic cells cells


This has only one interphase This has only one interphase but goes through prophase but goes through prophase twicetwice


When this goes wrong it When this goes wrong it results in cancer. results in cancer.

Before Telephase but after Before Telephase but after Metaphase is what stage of Metaphase is what stage of

mitosis:___________mitosis:___________

Anaphase Anaphase Cytokinesis Cytokinesis

When one cell’s cytoplasm When one cell’s cytoplasm divides and then forms two divides and then forms two

cells cells

Chromotids Chromotids Cytokinesis Cytokinesis

The poop in our acronym The poop in our acronym stands for what?stands for what?

Polyup Polyup Prophase Prophase

Half of a chromosome is? Half of a chromosome is?

Chromotid Chromotid GametGamete e

This is a form of cancer This is a form of cancer

Prostate Prostate SkinSkin

Documents

Warm Up 5/1/2013 Teach the Teacher: How many people do you know that have cancer? Teach the Teacher: How many people do you know that have cancer? Review: