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Warm UpWarm Up
2. Which excerpt from the Constitution expresses the principle of federalism?
A “All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States. . . .”
B “The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate. . . .”
C “The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behavior. . . .”
D “The powers not delegated to the United States . . . are reserved to the States respectively. . . .”
Your Highnesses . . . resolved to send me . . . to the said parts of India to see the said princes, and the cities and lands, and their disposition, with a view that they might __________; and ordered that I should not go by land to the eastward, as had been customary, but that I should go by way of the west, whither up to this day, we do not know for certain that any one has gone.
-Christopher Columbus
1. Which of the following completes the excerpt?
A teach us how to craft their goods
B be converted to our holy faith
C be brought to our country as slaves
D teach us about the stars and planets
Read the following statements, in Read the following statements, in your notebook explain how you your notebook explain how you
would feel in that situation and why:would feel in that situation and why:1.1. You are called a “chicken” because you don’t want You are called a “chicken” because you don’t want
to fight.to fight.2.2. You give in when you are threatened. (meaning You give in when you are threatened. (meaning
you just do what your told, you don’t stand up for you just do what your told, you don’t stand up for yourself)yourself)
3.3. You are called too weak to win a fight or argument.You are called too weak to win a fight or argument.4.4. You are threatened if you don’t give someone your You are threatened if you don’t give someone your
moneymoney5.5. You are labeled a bully because you threaten to You are labeled a bully because you threaten to
fight.fight.
The United States has been in all of those The United States has been in all of those situations over time, from being a “chicken” situations over time, from being a “chicken” to being a “bully” when it comes to foreign to being a “bully” when it comes to foreign policy.policy.
Shifting U.S. Foreign Policy
How do we change over time?
1. Article V, excerpted above, is included in the U.S. Constitution to allow for the —
A adaptation of laws to reflect changes in society
B revision of laws by the executive branch
C resolution of conflicts through the judicial system
D validation of elections by a national authority
2. These remarks best reflect a confirmation of which U.S. president’s foreign-policy goals?
A George WashingtonB James Madison C James Monroe D John Quincy Adams
“The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof”. . . . —Article V of the U.S. Constitution
“Of the complicated European systems of national polity we have heretofore been independent. From their wars, their tumults, and anxieties we have been, happily, almost entirely exempt. Whilst these are confined to the nations which gave them existence, . . . they can not affect us except as they appeal to our sympathies in the cause of human freedom and universal advancement.” —President Franklin Pierce, inaugural address, 1853
Shifting US Foreign PolicyShifting US Foreign Policy
Shifting U.S. Foreign Policy
Aggressive
20121796
NEUTRALWashington’s Farewell Address
stay out of other countries business so we can grow as a country to be
strong and independent
Causes and Effects of the War of 1812
Britain and France go to war in 1803. They attack American ships because neither side wants the other to be helped by American trade. “IMPRESSMENT”
Britain and France keep violating American neutrality.
Congress passes the Embargo Act of 1807, which prohibits trade with ANY foreign country. The Act does not hurt Britain or France; just New England merchants
.
March 4, March 4, 18091809
James MadisonJames Madison inaugurated as inaugurated as PresidentPresident
Also a Also a Democratic – Democratic – Republican, like Republican, like JeffersonJefferson
•Congress repeals the Embargo Act of 1809 and passes a new law, which promises that the U.S. will trade with the first country to stop violating American neutrality. France stops, America begins trade, England gets mad.
•“War Hawks”, Henry Clay from the West and John C. Calhoun from the South, argue for war with Britain. •U.S. settlers move into western lands and are attacked by Native Americans using British-supplied weapons.
•Congress, led by the War Hawks and President Madison, declares War.
Shifting US Foreign PolicyShifting US Foreign Policy
Shifting U.S. Foreign Policy
1803
Louisiana Purchase
1807
Embargo Act
1812
DEFENSIVE
August 24, 1814 – British burn August 24, 1814 – British burn WashingtonWashington
The Capitol and the White House were The Capitol and the White House were burned, but the rest of Washington was burned, but the rest of Washington was saved by a strong rain storm.saved by a strong rain storm.
Dolly Madison refused to abandon Washington’s portrait as she fled from the British; she wrote to her sister on the day of the fire:
"Our kind friend, Mr. Carroll, has come to hasten my departure, and is in a very bad humor with me because I insist on waiting until the large picture of Gen. Washington is secured, and it requires to be unscrewed from the wall. This process was found to be too tedious for these perilous moments; I have ordered the frame to be broken, and the canvas taken out; it is done--and the precious portrait placed in the hands of two gentlemen of New York, for safe keeping."
September 13-14, 1814September 13-14, 1814 Watching the Battle of Baltimore, Watching the Battle of Baltimore, Francis Scott Francis Scott
KeyKey wrote wrote The Star Spangled BannerThe Star Spangled Banner
*Ft. McHenry
Fort McHenryFort McHenry
December 24, 1814December 24, 1814
American& British American& British diplomats signed the diplomats signed the Treaty of Treaty of GhentGhent ending the war.ending the war.
No boundaries were No boundaries were changed. changed.
There was no clear There was no clear winner.winner.
Treaty of GhentTreaty of Ghent
January 8, 1815January 8, 1815
Americans won the battle despite Americans won the battle despite being severely outnumbered.being severely outnumbered.
Battle of New Orleans
Andrew Jackson became a war hero.
Casualties at the Casualties at the Battle of New OrleansBattle of New Orleans
700 Dead700 Dead 1400 Wounded1400 Wounded 8 Dead8 Dead
13 Wounded13 Wounded
Andrew JacksonAndrew Jackson Became a Became a
very famous very famous war hero after war hero after leading the leading the American American victory at New victory at New Orleans ;0)Orleans ;0)
Effects of the War of 1812Effects of the War of 1812
Nothing was gained
Nothing was lost
Respect was earnedEFFECTS OF WAR OF 1812 – American settlers on the frontier were safer from Indian attack; American industry grew as Americans were forced to make goods once acquired from England; trade increased, bringing profit to New England merchants; and America proved it was able to protect itself.
Warm UpWarm Up
1. In the early 1800s, manufacturing in the United States converted from cottage industry to factory production because of —
A a lack of skilled workersB a decreased demand for
finished goodsC difficulty in transporting
goodsD the ability to produce
goods more efficiently
2. This political cartoon illustrates an issue discussed during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. The issue was over —A state boundariesB immigrationC branches of governmentD representation in Congress
Shifting US Foreign PolicyShifting US Foreign Policy
Shifting U.S. Foreign Policy
1823
PROTECTIVE:
The Monroe Doctrine:
“Stay out of the
WESTERN
HEMISPHERE OR WE
WILL FIGHT YOU!”
Commemorative TombstonesCommemorative Tombstones
John Adams was so proud of avoiding war John Adams was so proud of avoiding war with France that he wanted it engraved on with France that he wanted it engraved on his tombstone. his tombstone.
You will create a Presidential You will create a Presidential Commemorative Cemetery for the first 5 Commemorative Cemetery for the first 5 Presidents.Presidents.
Each tombstone will have an inscription that Each tombstone will have an inscription that explains what that President does in regards explains what that President does in regards to Foreign Affairs to Foreign Affairs
John AdamsB: 1735D:1826
He avoided war with France!Domestic policies:
•XYZ Affair•Alien and Sedition Acts
Washington: 1732-1799Washington: 1732-1799 Adams: 1735-1826Adams: 1735-1826 Jefferson: 1743-1826Jefferson: 1743-1826 Madison: 1751-1836Madison: 1751-1836 Monroe:1758-1831Monroe:1758-1831
1. What made New Orleans a significant port to people living in the Ohio Valley?
A The taxes collected in New Orleans
supported towns in the Ohio Valley.B New Orleans was a fortified city
thatprotected the Missouri River againstinvasion.C Many of the goods needed by the
people of the Ohio Valley were manufactured in New Orleans.
D New Orleans was an important trade
center near the mouth of the Mississippi River
2. In addition to declaring that the United States would remain neutral in European wars, the Monroe Doctrine —
F invited the European powers to begin
to develop new colonies in Africa and
AsiaG maintained that the United
States had a duty to combat injustice in Asia
H ended the War of 1812 between Great Britain and the United States
J demanded that the European powers not establish colonies in the Western Hemisphere
2. Alexander Hamilton favored a strong federal government because he believed it would benefit the economy. As a result of this belief, he also supported —A the abolishment of all tariffsB the establishment of a national bankC increasing agricultural activityD imposing high taxes on factories
1.
1. The Era of Good Feelings, which followed the War of 1812, was characterized by —
F increased cooperation between the United
States and Native AmericansG the rise of the Federalist
Party as a major political force
H increased nationalism and patriotism in the United States
J an increase in the number of political parties
2. Under the terms of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, new states admitted to the Union —
A could not take part in presidentialelectionsB were considered equal to existing
statesC were required to defend Native
American landsD were required to allow slavery
2. In Marbury v. Madison (1803), the U.S. Supreme Court established the —
A legality of slaveryB principle of judicial reviewC right of the accused to remain silentD requirement of providing legal aid to the poor
Court Case/year
Paragraph Summarizing of the details of the case
Decision reached by the Supreme Court
Significance…how does this impact the United States?
Marbury vs. Madison
Gibbons vs. Ogden
McCulloch v. Maryland
Landmark Supreme Court Cases (value 50 pts.)