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Warm Up 10-5-151. Ra-225 half-life is 15 days, how many
grams are left after 45 days if you started with 90g?
2. How can a unstable isotope (radioactive) become normal?
3. Can radiation be good?
Agenda-Go over quiz-Notes Unit 3-5-Finish WS Nuclear decay
HomeworkOct 9 - Test Unit 3Oct 9 - Midterm Exam (45 Qs)Oct 9 - Online HW Unit 3
Quiz Unit 3• Version 1
1.v.e. = 5, total e = 15
2.N, Ge, In, Hg
3.Alkaline earth metals
4.Si and B
• Version 2
1.v.e. = 2, total e = 38
2.F, S, P, Ga
3.Noble gases
4.I and F
5. False, moving across the period also add more electrons to the atom but radius decreases
6. Atomic mass and properties
Unit 3-5
Characteristics of Nuclear Decay
Characteristics of Some Radiation
Alpha- weakest, a thin barrier can stop (they are big and heavy and can’t travel very far)Beta- clothing, wood, or aluminum can stop this radiation.
Gamma- highly energized can be stop by concrete or lead
Alpha Decay
Problem: the nucleus has too many protons which cause excessive repulsion. Solution: In an attempt to reduce the repulsion, a Helium nucleus is emitted.
Alpha emission (decay)
4 2 He
238 92 U
Identify the product formed when uranium-238 alpha decays
4 2 He + 234
90 Th
Determines which atom from the periodic table
Beta Decay
Problem: too many neutrons not enough protons.
Solution: a neutron is turned into a proton and one electron is then ejected.
beta emission (decay) 0-1 e
14 6 C
Identify the product formed when carbon-14 emits beta particle
0 -1 e + 14
7 N
Gamma Decay
Problem: the nucleus is at too high an energy.
Solution: The nucleus falls down to a lower energy state and, in the process, emits a high energy photon known as a gamma ray.
gamma emission (decay)
00 γ
14 6 C
Identify the product formed when carbon-14 releases gamma rays
0 0 γ + 14
6 C
Explaining mass defect:
E=mc2 says that mass can be converted into
energy when the nucleus is formed
Nuclear Fusion
- When multiple nuclei smash into each other forming a larger nucleus.
- How our sun produces energy and how hydrogen bombs work
Nuclear Fusion Equations
• Nuclear fusion involves the joining together of nuclei.
Nuclear Fission- A large nucleus is split into
two or more smaller nuclei (process sped up by hitting it with a neutron)
- Releases Alpha, Beta, Gamma Rays and a lot of energy- Used to power nuclear weapons (atomic bombs), nuclear subs, & nuclear power plants
Nuclear Fission• Nuclear fission involves a nucleus
breaking up into smaller nuclei.
“Fat Man”
“Little Boy”
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fission• Chernobyl power plant - 1986
Nuclear Fission• Fukushima - 2011
Assignments
• Notes Summary
• Finish the Nuclear Decay worksheet (due today)
Students’ Work Ethics Affected by Peers
1. What was the main points of this news?
2. What was most important in this piece of information?
3. How can this news be related or impact people lives or solve problems/improve society?
4. What is your opinion on what you heard?
• Alpha radiation: consists of He nucleus– 238
92 U 42 He + 234
90 Th
• Beta radiation: electrons formed by the decomposition of a neutron– 14
6 C 0-1 e + 14
7 N
• Gamma radiation: high energy electromagnetic radiation; often emitted with alpha or beta radiation
Summary of Radiation
Summary of Radiation
Property Alpha radiation
Beta radiation
Gamma radiation
Composition
Alpha particle (He nucleus)
Beta particle (electron)
High energy EM radiation
Symbol , 42 He , 0
-1 e
Penetrating power
low moderate Very high
Shielding Paper, clothing
Metal foil Lead, concrete