Warm cloud microstructures Liquid water content (LWC): amount
of water per unit volume of air Droplet concentration: # droplets
per unit volume of air Droplet size distribution/spectrum: droplet
concentration vs. size interval
Slide 2
Liquid water content & entrainment Liquid water content
(LWC) correlated with updraft speed; large intra-cloud variability
Actual LWC
Thunder Return stroke heats air to > 30,000 K Pressure in
channel increases to 10-100 atm Induces supersonic shock wave in
addition to sound wave (thunder) At distances > 25 km, thunder
generally refracted above earths surface (inaudible)
