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WAR OF British burn parts of Washington, Hartford Convention debates New England’s part in war -Treaty of Ghent, 1814 (nothing changed hands) -US wins battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson becomes hero
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WAR OF 1812
-James Madison became President in 1808
-British continue harassment of U.S. trade and settler in the west
-US declares war on Britain
-U.S. fails to invade Canada
WAR OF 1812-British burn parts of
Washington, 1814
-Hartford Convention debates New England’s part in war
-Treaty of Ghent, 1814 (nothing changed hands)
-US wins battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson becomes hero
WAR OF 1812-British burn parts of
Washington, 1814
-Hartford Convention debates New England’s part in war
-Treaty of Ghent, 1814 (nothing changed hands)
-US wins battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson becomes hero
WAR OF 1812-British burn parts of
Washington, 1814
-Hartford Convention debates New England’s part in war
-Treaty of Ghent, 1814 (nothing changed hands)
-US wins battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson becomes hero
Federal Powers--Powers expanded
-growth of the national governments powers
-Implied Powers and the National Bank
-Judicial Review—Marbury v. Madison
Federal Powers
-Implied Powers and National Supremacy confirmedMcCulloch v. Maryland 1819
-Gibbons v. Ogdeninterstate commerce controlled by National government
Foreign Affairs
-end of the war of 1812-Era of Good Feelings
-northern border with Canada established49th parallel
-Florida becomes part of the US, 1819-Adams-Onis Treaty also sets SW border with Spanish Mexico
Monroe Doctrine
-James Monroe became President in 1816
-U.S. is still a fragile nation in the world arena
-attempts to claim part of the world as our own “neighborhood”
-Monroe Doctrine states that Europeans should not interfere with this hemisphere
Missouri Compromise
-slavery had not been an issue since the Constitutional Convention
-abolitionist movement was beginning to grow
-1820-there were an equal number of free and slave states
Missouri Compromise
-Missouri and Maine will enter at same time to keep balance
-line is drawn at Missouri to determine future of slavery
Industrial Revolution
-developed in Great Britain
-interchangeable partsEli Whitney
-mass production
-Lowell Systemmodern factory highly organized
Boom/Bust Cycles: 1790-1860
The blue line shows, for comparison, the price of a year’s tuition at Harvard College. In 1790 it was $24, but by 1860 had risen to $104.
Distribution of Wealthv During the American
Revolution,45% of all wealth in the top 10% ofthe population.v 1845 Boston top 4% owned
over 65% of the wealth.
v 1860 Philadelphia top 1% owned over 50% of the wealth.v The gap between rich and poor was widening!
Industrial Revolution
-developed in Great Britain
-interchangeable partsEli Whitney
-mass production
-Lowell Systemmodern factory highly organized
SOCIETY North
-Societal ChangesOwners of industryLaborers
-First unions develop -Anti-slavery movement
-emancipation
South-based on agriculture-plantation owners-planters-farmers-slaves
-the “necessary evil”
Cotton is King
-cotton is valuable crop but requires great hand labor
-invention of cotton gin by Eli Whitney
-increased capacity for cotton production
Sectional Differences
-views differed on many issues
-land Free land v. market value
-tariffHigh v. low
-slavery
American System
-high tariff
-national bank
-system of internal improvementsroads, bridges, canals
-help to settle western lands
-promoted by Henry Clay John C. Calhoun
Transportation
-National Road
Conestogas
-Erie Canal
-Railroad building will begin soon
Transportation
-National Road
Conestogas
-Erie Canal
-Railroad building will begin soon
Transportation
-National Road
Conestogas
-Erie Canal
-Railroad building will begin soon
Election of 1824
-no winner of electoral college
-John Q. Adams chosen over Jackson as President
-Called corrupt bargain because Jackson had most votes
-Jackson’s supporters formed Democratic Party and opposed Adams’ policies
Election of 1824
-no winner of electoral college
-John Q. Adams chosen over Jackson as President
-Called corrupt bargain because Jackson had most votes
-Jackson’s supporters formed Democratic Party and opposed Adams’ policies
Election of 1824
-no winner of electoral college
-John Q. Adams chosen over Jackson as President
-Called corrupt bargain because Jackson had most votes
-Jackson’s supporters formed Democratic Party and opposed Adams’ policies
Election of 1828-high voter turnout b/c voting
requirements had been lowered-previous voting laws had limited voting to property owning white males
-Jackson appealed to the “Common Man”
-Jackson becomes first western President
-1832 Jackson re-elected
Jackson’s Presidency
-”Common Man”’s President
-creation of the Spoils System
-greater democracy, but women and minorities still ignored
-Great Silence over the issue of slavery
Nullification Crisis
-debate over high tariffs-Tariff of Abominations
-John C. Calhoun
-theory of nullificationCalhoun’s “S.C. Exposition and Protest”
-S.C. threatens secession
-Jackson threatens the use of force
-Henry Clay organizes a compromise
Nullification Crisis
-debate over high tariffs-Tariff of Abominations
-John C. Calhoun
-theory of nullificationCalhoun’s “S.C. Exposition and Protest”
-S.C. threatens secession
-Jackson threatens the use of force
-Henry Clay organizes a compromise
Nullification Crisis
-debate over high tariffs-Tariff of Abominations
-John C. Calhoun
-theory of nullificationCalhoun’s “S.C. Exposition and Protest”
-S.C. threatens secession
-Jackson threatens the use of force
-Henry Clay organizes a compromise
Indian Policy
-different views about Indian policy
-Indian Removal Act, 1830
-Cherokee takes the issue to the Supreme Court and wins-Worchester v. Georgia
-Jackson ignores the court and orders removal
-Trail of Tears, 1838
Indian Policy
-different views about Indian policy
-Indian Removal Act, 1830
-Cherokee takes the issue to the Supreme Court and wins-Worchester v. Georgia
-Jackson ignores the court and orders removal
-Trail of Tears, 1838
National Bank
-Jackson disliked the Bank of the U.S.
-thought it an abuse of power and served the wealthy first
-thought it lacked the constitutional ability to exist
-Jackson vetoed the new charter for the bank and withdrew all gov’t funds-Jackson placed gov’t funds in favored state banks which critics called the “Pet Banks” which led to a monetary crisis
Van Buren
-Martin Van Buren was elected after Jackson
-suffered b/c of Jackson’s bank policies
-Panic of 1837 left many in bad economic situations
-Newly formed Whig party gains strength
Harrison and Tyler
-War hero William Henry Harrison becomes first Whig President
-Harrison dies 1 month into office
-John Tyler is first V.P. to become President
Regional Specialization
EAST Industrial
SOUTH Cotton & Slavery
WEST The Nation’s “Breadbasket”
American Population Centers in 1820
American Population Centers in 1860
National Origin of Immigrants:1820 - 1860
Why now?
Know-Nothing Party:
“The Supreme
Order of the Star-
Spangled Banner”
Changing Occupation Distributions:1820 - 1860
ECONOMIC?
SOCIAL?
POLITICAL?
FUTUREPROBLEMS?
