War Chart: American Revolution

1775-1783

Causes

• Repressive Acts by British (pp. 46-49 in your book)• Stamp Act• Mercantilism • Tea Tax (and Party)• “Taxation without representation” • Intolerable Acts (especially quartering

British Soldiers

More Causes and Spark• Boston Massacre (1770)• British Snobbery• British left troops in colonies after

French and Indian War

Spark

• April 1775 – Lexington and Concord

Strategy• Colonists (Americans)

• Frontal assault (beginning of war)• Hit and run (guerilla tactics)• Motive• Shooting accuracy• French

Strategy cont.

• British• Frontal assault• Attrition (numbers and

supplies)• Key ports

Key/Turning Point Battles

• Fort Ticonderoga (1775)

• Bunker Hill (1775)• Declaration of

Independence (1776)

• Trenton (1776)• *Saratoga (1777)• Valley Forge (1777-

78)• Yorktown (1781)

Heroes (and Goats)

George Thomas Paine Patrick Henry Sam Adams

Washington

John Paul Jones Marquis de Paul Revere

Lafayette

British Heroats

William Howe Charles Cornwallis

John Burgoyne Thomas Gage

Costs ($ and Lives)

• Colonists• About 4500 dead• 6200 wounded• Another 10,000-20,000 dead

(disease/illness)• $114,000,000 paid by colonies• 35,000,000 paid by gov’t

Cost cont.• British

• 6000-8000 dead• Approximately 20,000 wounded or

dead by disease/illness• Expensive (cost not known)

Treaty

• Treaty of Paris 1783• Terms• British recognize U.S. as

independent• U.S. land north to Great

Lakes, south to Florida, west to Mississippi

• Loyalists not persecuted• Access to Newfoundland

fishing grounds

Non-Treaty Results/Long-term Significance

• Economic independence for America (drawbacks for next 100 years)

• Great Britain goes downhill (loses empire and influence)

• Seeds of revolution planted (France and rest of world)

• Foundation for War of 1812