Wannberg, G., I. Wolf, L.G. Vanhainen, K. Koskenniemi, J. Röttger, M. Postila, J. Markannen, R. Jacobsen, A. Stenberg, R. Larsen, S. Eliassen, S. Heck, and A. Huuskonen, "The EISCAT Svalbard Radar: A case study in modern incoherent scatter radar system design", Radio Sci., 32 6, 2283-2307, 1997.

Wannberg, G., I. Wolf, L.G. Vanhainen, K. Koskenniemi, J. Röttger, M. Postila, J. Markannen, R. Jacobsen, A. Stenberg, R. Larsen, S. Eliassen, S. Heck, and A. Huuskonen, "The EISCAT Svalbard Radar: A case study in modern incoherent scatter radar system design", Radio Sci., 32 6, 2283-2307, 1997.

The Earth’s

Ionosphere

and

Atmosphere

range

time

Electron density

Electron temperature

Ion temperature

Ion velocity

Atmospheric coupling processes from above (magnetosphere) and

below (troposphere and middle atmosphere) are particularly pronounced

in the high latitude mesopause region.

In the high latitude polar lower atmosphere

coupling and exchange processes play a major

role between the troposphere and the

stratosphere.

Radars contribute essen-tially to studies of these

processes.

Atmospheric coupling processes from above (magnetosphere) and

below (troposphere and middle atmosphere) are particularly pronounced

in the high latitude mesopause region.

In the high latitude polar lower atmosphere

coupling and exchange processes play a major

role between the troposphere and the

stratosphere.

Radars contribute essen-tially to studies of these

processes.

The international program CAWSES (Climate And Weather of the Sun Earth System) covers these

research directions.

The international program CAWSES (Climate And Weather of the Sun Earth System) covers these

research directions. Page F 44 - 306

Page C 01

Page C 02

For MST radar observations one has to consider that scattering as well as partial reflection can occur.

For MST radar observations one has to consider that scattering as well as partial reflection can occur.

1 msec

150 km

Such Gaussian (Lorentzian) spectral shape is characteristic for

ionospheric incoherent scatter echoes from the D-region.

We will now show the system set-up of an incoherent scatter

radar, but will not treat the science in any further details in

this course, but then concentrate on coherent MST

radar systems.

Such Gaussian (Lorentzian) spectral shape is characteristic for

ionospheric incoherent scatter echoes from the D-region.

We will now show the system set-up of an incoherent scatter

radar, but will not treat the science in any further details in

this course, but then concentrate on coherent MST

radar systems.

Coherent scatter (MST) radar

Incoherent scatter (IS) radarPage C 11

Page C 04

Page C 03

We first (this week) learn about the radar hardware basics and then (next week) treat the digital processing of:

Radar range gating,coherent complex digital sampling,range-time matrix,digital radar data display,coherent integration, coding/decodingcomplex covariance function,complex Doppler spectrum,

parameter deduction.Basics of phased antenna arrays,radiation pattern calculation,radar interferometry and imaging.

Finally a summary of radar methods for atmosphere and ionosphere research and

explanation of some typical results, incl. coherent and incoherent scatter.

We first (this week) learn about the radar hardware basics and then (next week) treat the digital processing of:

Radar range gating,coherent complex digital sampling,range-time matrix,digital radar data display,coherent integration, coding/decodingcomplex covariance function,complex Doppler spectrum,

parameter deduction.Basics of phased antenna arrays,radiation pattern calculation,radar interferometry and imaging.

Finally a summary of radar methods for atmosphere and ionosphere research and

explanation of some typical results, incl. coherent and incoherent scatter.