Wall Ties and Restraint Fixings Wall... · 2010. 3. 23. · Refractory Fixings Ancon product information is available in NBS format for easy insertion into a NBS specification. Wall

Wall Ties and Restraint Fixings for the Construction Industry

CI/SfB (21.9) Xt6

February 2010

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This brochure is printed on paper produced from 80%recycled post-consumer fibre and 20% virgin pulp which issourced from responsibly managed and sustainable forests(FSC certified). The printing inks and sealant are vegetable-based making the document fully recyclable.

ISO 9001: 2008FM12226

ISO 14001: 2004EMS 505377

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Ancon designs and manufactures high integrity steel products for

the construction industry. Through continuous programmes of

new product development, inward investment and employee

advancement, the company is committed to maintaining the

highest level of customer service within a dynamic and

challenging industry.

Wall ties and restraint fixings are an essentialelement in the stability of masonry panels.

Ancon manufactures fixings in a variety oflengths and types for restraining brickwork,blockwork and stonework. Restraints can befixed to concrete and structural steelwork aswell as any type of masonry.

The range of standard ties provides a solutionfor all types of wall construction and manyproducts can be delivered in 24 hours. These items are shown in red italics.

Ancon fixings are manufactured fromAustenitic stainless steel. Grade 1.4301 (304)is used in the vast majority of applications. All ties will be supplied to this specification unless Ancon is notified otherwise.

Cavity Wall Tie Selection 4-6

Installation Guidance 7

Ties for Brick-to-Block Construction 8-9

Ties for Thin-Joint Blockwork 10

Ties for Timber Frames 10

Ties for Steel Studwork 11

Ties for Cavities over 150mm 12

Ties for Bubble Foil Insulation & Slip Brick Ties 13

Ties for Cellular Clay Blocks 13

Frame Cramps and Channel Ties 14-16

Vertical Movement Joints 17

Standard Wall Ties 18

Bespoke Wall Tie References 19

Non-Drill Fixings for Steelwork 20-21

Head Restraints & Sliding Anchors 22-23

Wall Starter Systems 24

Restraints for Stone Cladding 25-28

Remedial Wall Ties 29-30

Staifix Thor-Helical Crack Stitching Kit 31

Other Ancon Products 31

Masonry Support Systems

Lintels

Masonry Reinforcement

Windposts and Parapet Posts

Wall Ties and Restraint Fixings

Channel and Bolt Fixings

Tension and Compression Systems

Insulated Balcony Connectors

Shear Load Connectors

Punching Shear Reinforcement

Reinforcing Bar Couplers

Reinforcement Continuity Systems

Stainless Steel Fabrications

Flooring and Formed Sections

Refractory Fixings

Ancon product informationis available in NBS formatfor easy insertion into aNBS specification


CAVITY WALL TIE SELECTIONThe selection and spacing of wall ties dependon many factors. These include type ofmasonry to be tied, cavity width, type andheight of building, location, and design life.There are several documents which need to beconsulted and are summarised here. Thesesummaries should be read in conjunction withthe recommendation section.

Ancon’s RecommendationFollowing the full implementation of theEurocodes in March 2010, Anconrecommends wall ties continue to beselected to the ‘Types’ given in BS 5628(the Masonry Code) and BS 5268(the Timber Code), until the necessaryinformation is incorporated in additionalpublished documents.

From 31 March 2010, the Masonry Code BS 5628 will be withdrawn and replaced byBS EN 1996 series (Eurocode 6). However, likemost Eurocodes, BS EN 1996 is not asprescriptive as the British Standard it replacesand certain information is not included.

Wall ties have for many years been selectedfrom tables and information originally given inDD140-2:1987 and more recently re-stated inAnnex C of BS 5628-1:2005. It is widelyaccepted that this information is likely to beupdated and re-introduced through Non-Contradictory Complementary Information(NCCI) as a Published Document (PD), tosupport the use of BS EN 1996. This isalready mentioned as a proposed PD by theNational Annexes to all parts of BS EN 1996as “a standard comprising complementary andnon-contradictory information taken from BS 5628-1, BS 5628-2 and BS 5628-3”.

Unfortunately there will be a period of timewhen BS 5628 will have been withdrawn andthis new PD will not have been published. Asan interim device, Ancon’s recommendation isto continue to use the wall tie classifications(Types 1 to 4*) and load capacities stated inTable C.3 of BS 5628-1 Annex C, inconjunction with BS EN 1996 designprocedures. Design partial safety factors formaterial strength should be those given in theBS EN 1996-1-1 UK National Annex.

*For timber-framed buildings, wall ties continueto be selected from Types 5 to 7 andcorresponding load capacities as given inAnnex B of BS 5268 Part 6.1:1996.

Wind Code ChangesThe geographical locations in Table C.1 (AnnexC, BS 5628-1:2005) are based on hourlyreturn period wind speeds according to BS 6399-2:1997. This wind code has beenreplaced by BS EN 1991-1-4:2005, whichuses 10 minute return period wind speeds.This and other differences between the BSand BS EN wind codes means it is impossibleto use the limiting geographical location windspeeds given in C.1 of BS 5628-1:2005 withBS EN 1996 design. Until this has beenresolved Ancon’s advice is to continue to usethe information in BS 5628-1 and BS 6399-2:1997 when selecting wall ties forgeographical location end use.4

Eurocode 6 – Design of MasonryStructures (BS EN 1996-1-1: 2005)In 2010, Eurocode 6 will become the maincode for the design of reinforced andunreinforced masonry. Eurocode 6 refers to EN 845-1 for wall ties and sets the density ofties per square metre based on the declaredvalue of the tie, the material factor and thedesign wind load.

BS EN 845-1: 2003 Specification forAncillary Components for Masonry – Part 1: Ties, Tension Straps, Hangers andBracketsThis European Standard specifies therequirements for wall ties used forinterconnecting masonry and for connectingmasonry to beams, columns or other parts ofthe building. Materials, tolerances, tie typesand the requirements for declared values, areall covered in this standard; for tie types andqualifying criteria this standard refers to BS 5628-1: 2005.

BS 5628-1: 2005 Code of Practice for theUse of MasonryThe Masonry Code provides recommendationson length of tie, embedment, density andpositioning. Masonry-to-masonry ties areclassified as Types 1 to 4; the relevantclassification is determined by strength,function and use. Minimum declared values fortensile and compression capacities are listedfor each Type.

BS 5268-6.1: 1996 (IncorporatingAmendments No. 1 and 2): Structural useof timber – Dwellings not exceeding sevenstoreysThe Timber Code provides recommendationsfor wall ties for timber framed buildings.Information is provided for the type ofstructure, location, embedment, density andpositioning. These ties are classified as Types5 to 7; minimum declared values in tensionand compression are listed for Types 5 and 6.

Approved Document E: Resistance to thePassage of SoundThis document specifies the acousticperformance requirements of ties suitable foruse in separating walls (Type A ) and externalwalls (Type B) of new build dwellings.

Type A ties must have a measured dynamicstiffness of

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Tel: +44 (0) 114 275 5224 Web: www.ancon.co.uk

Type Minimum Mortar Tensile Load Tensile Load at 1mm Compressive Load Compressive Load at 1mm of Tie Class and Designation Capacity (N) Displacement (N) Capacity (N) Displacement (N)

1 M12 (i) 5000 1667 5000 1667M2 (iv) 2500 833 2500 8332 M2 (iv) 1800 600 1300 4333 M2 (iv) 1100 367 800 2674 M2 (iv) 650 217 450 1505 M4 (iii) 600 200 425 1426 M4 (iii) 630 210 440 147

Minimum Requirements for Wall Ties to BS 5628-1: 2005 (Table C.3 of Annex C) and BS 5268-6.1: 1996 (Annex B)

Wall Tie Types*

≤ 31m/s

≤ 31m/s

≤ 25m/s

Information taken from BS 6399-2: 1997Code of Practice for Wind Loads. Seecomments in Ancon’s Recommendationsection of page 4. This map should be readin conjunction with altitude restrictions.

*Refer to BS 5628-1: 2005 and BS 5268-6.1: 1996 for complete information.

Type 1 Heavy duty tie suitable for most building sizes and types. 2.5 ties/m2 Any Height Suitable for most sites. However, for relatively tall orNot very flexible and not recommended for applications 3-4 ties/m unusually shaped buildings in vulnerable areas, thewhere there is expected to be excessive differential at unbonded tie provision should be calculatedmovement between leaves edges

Type 2 General purpose tie for domestic and small commercial As Type 1 15m Suitable for flat sites where the basic wind speed is upbuildings. to 31m/s and altitude is not more than 150m above

sea level

Type 3 Basic wall tie generally as Type 2 above As Type 1 15m Suitable for flat sites where the basic wind speed isup to 25m/s and altitude is not more than 150m above sea level

Type 4 Light duty wall tie suitable for box-form domestic As Type 1 10m Suitable for flat sites in towns and cities where the basicdwellings with leaves of similar thickness wind speed does not exceed 25m/s and altitude is not

more than 150m above sea level

Type 5 Timber frame tie suitable for domestic houses and 4.4 ties/m2 15m Suitable for flat sites in towns and cities where the basicindustrial/commercial developments of up 3-4 ties/m wind speed does not exceed 25m/s and altitude is not to three storeys at unbonded edges more than 150m above sea level

Type 6 As Type 5 but suitable for developments of up to As Type 5 15m Suitable for flat sites in towns and cities where the basicfour storeys wind speed does not exceed 25m/s and altitude is not

more than 150m above sea level

Type 7 As Type 5 but suitable for developments of between five Calculated for actual 18m Calculated for actual performance required for each and seven storeys, being designed to accommodate performance required site locationthe increased vertical differential movement for each site location

Maximum BuildingType Application Density Height Geographical Location

Staifix HRT4 (Type 4)Suitable for use in internalseparating walls toApproved Document E

Staifix RT3(Type 3)

Staifix RT2(Type 2)

Ancon ST1 (Type 1)

Type 2 ties are suitable for use outside the parameters stated e.g. sites over 150m above sea level, buildings exceeding 15 metres etc, if shown to be adequate by calculation.Contact Ancon for more information.

Ancon Teplo4(Type 4)




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Density & Positioning of Ties BS 5628-1: 2005 recommends that for walls inwhich both leaves are 90mm or thicker, tiesshould be used at not less than 2.5 per squaremetre (900mm horizontal x 450mm verticalcentres). Ties should be evenly distributed overthe wall area, except around openings, andshould preferably be staggered.

In cases where insulation board is incorporatedwithin the cavity and restrained by ties withinsulation retaining clips, it may be necessaryto reduce the horizontal spacing of the ties to600mm. At vertical edges of an opening,unreturned or unbonded edges, and verticalexpansion joints, additional ties should beused at a rate of one per 300mm height,located not more than 225mm from the edge.A typical layout is shown below. Various detailsincorporating debonding ties at verticalmovement joints are shown on page 17.

Vertical movement joint

225mm

225mm

225mm

225mm

900mm

300mm

450mm

450mm

300mm

Horizontal movement joint450-900mm Head restraints

at centres to suit windloading

Usually225mm tosuit blockcourses

Usually 225mm tosuit block courses

225mm

Vertical movement joint

450mm

225mm

450mm

Debonded ties

See typical detail atvertical movement jointon page 17

Standard spacing for cavity brickwork 900mm x 450mm centres in a staggered pattern (2.5 ties per square metre)

Typical Layout of Wall Ties Indicating Maximum Spacing

Length of Tie & EmbedmentWall ties should be of the correct length toensure they are properly embedded in themasonry. The tie should have a minimumembedment of 50mm in each leaf but alsotake site tolerances into account for bothcavity width and centring of the tie. For thisreason we suggest tie lengths which achievean embedment of between 62.5mm and75mm.

Recommended lengths to suit various cavitywidths are shown for masonry-to-masonry wall ties.

Recommended Lengths of Masonry / Masonry Wall Ties

Cavity Length of BS 5628-1Width (mm) Wall Tie (mm) Wall Tie

50-75 200 HRT4/RT2/RT3/ST1/Teplo



126-150 275 ST1/Teplo1/Teplo2

151-175 300 Teplo2/Two-Part Tie






Embedment

Embedment of Wall Ties

EmbedmentCavity width

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Wall Ties with InsulationRetaining Clips

Ancon Non-Spread Safety End

Staifix Safety End

INSTALLATION GUIDANCEWall ties are important to the stability ofmasonry and failure to install them correctlymay lead to damp penetration, cracking oreven the collapse of walls.

Wall ties should be pressed down in freshmortar. They should be surrounded by mortarand not simply positioned directly ontomasonry with mortar placed around them.

Ideally, ties should be installed with a slight fallto the outer leaf, not towards the inner leaf asthis could provide a path for moisture to crossthe cavity.

The drip part of the tie should point downwardand be positioned near the centre of the opencavity. Ties with multiple drips, like the StaifixRT2, can often be positioned centrally as partof the drip will normally be near the centre ofthe open section of a partial fill cavity. ‘O rings’as used on the TeploTie should be movedalong the shank to the open cavity.

Installed ties should be clear of mortardroppings to allow the drip to function andprevent water from crossing to the inner leaf of masonry.

The practice of bending up installed wire tiesshould be discouraged. This can adverselyaffect the performance of the tie and weakenthe embedment in the inner leaf. Rigid ties likethe Ancon SD1 and ST1 should never be benton site.

To ensure cavity wall ties are effective at tyingthe leaves together they should be installed asthe inner leaf is constructed and not simplypushed into a joint. There is a risk of injury ifwall ties are left protruding from a single wallleaf before the second leaf is constructed. Sitemanagers should make all workers and visitorsaware of this risk.

Ancon Spread Safety End

To reduce the risk of injury, Ancon’s stainlesssteel wall ties feature rounded safety ends andAncon TeploTie wall ties are supplied withbright plastic end caps. These end capsshould be applied loosely to the outer end of aTeploTie as work on the first leaf progressesand must be removed before the tie is builtinto the second leaf.

Ancon frame ties and channel ties aremanufactured with a non-spread safety endallowing the use of a debonding sleeve. Thistype of safety end reduces the variety of tiesrequired on site.

Ancon recommends both leaves of a cavitywall are built simultaneously to eliminate anyrisk of injury from protruding ties.

Wall ties should be pressed down in, and then surrounded by, fresh mortar.

To ensure cavity wall ties are effective attying the leaves together they should beinstalled as the inner leaf is constructedand not simply pushed into a joint.

Ties should be installed with a slight fallto the outer leaf, never towards the innerleaf as this could provide a path formoisture to cross the cavity.

Staifix RT2200mm for 50-75mm cavities225mm for 76-100mm cavities250mm for 101-125mm cavities

WALL TIES TO BS 5628-1 FORBRICK-TO-BLOCK CONSTRUCTION

Ancon ST1 Type 1 Tie(Masonry Heavy Duty)The Ancon ST1 is suitable for cavities from50mm to 150mm and can be used for alltypes of buildings of any height, anywhere inthe British Isles. The section that spans thecavity has a series of holes to provide waterdrips. This allows the same tie to be used ininsulated cavities as well as open cavities.The ST1 has a measured dynamic stiffness of

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Ancon TeploTieThe Ancon TeploTie is suitable for cavities from50mm to 300mm and is manufactured frompultruded basalt fibres set in an epoxy resin.This material has a thermal conductivity of only0.7W/mK which can be shown in U-valuecalculations to reduce insulation thickness andwall footprint. A sand finish provides excellentmortar key.

The Ancon range of TeploTies comprisesTeplo1 (Type 1), Teplo2 (Type 2) and Teplo4(Type 4). Please refer to page 5 for furtherdetails on the suitability of each wall tie. Dueonly to the testing completed to date, the useof Type 1 TeploTies is restricted to buildings upto 18m in height. Contact Ancon for the latestinformation on this test programme.

Ancon TeploTies have BBA approval and meetthe technical requirements of the NHBC. Theyalso meet the performance requirement ofApproved Document E for use in externalmasonry walls. For internal separating wallsof new-build attached dwellings see HRT4.

The TeploTie is exclusive to Ancon in the UKand Ireland.

Low Thermal Conductivity Wall TiesWall ties are an essential element in thestrength and stability of cavity walls, but bycrossing the cavity they act as a thermalbridge between the internal and externalleaves. The ties featured here on pages 8-9form Ancon’s Low Thermal Conductivity range;ties which minimise heat loss and improve theenergy-efficiency of a masonry wall. The effectAncon’s high tensile wire wall ties have on heattransfer is negligible and, with a thermalconductivity of only 0.7W/mK, the AnconTeploTie is the most thermally-efficient wall tieon the market.

For the accurate calculation of a wall’s U-valueit is important to use the correct information forthe wall ties. Using the actual cross-sectionalarea and thermal conductivity value of a walltie, rather than allowing a program to applydefault values, can make a considerabledifference to the calculated U-value. Defaultvalues will over-estimate the effect of an AnconWall Tie.

ThermalTie Reference Tie Length Cavity Width BS 5628 Area Conductivity*

(mm) (mm) Type (mm2) (W/mk)

200 50-75 1 19.5 17225 76-100 1 19.5 17

ST1 250 101-125 1 19.5 17275 126-150 1 23.4 17300 150 1 23.4 17200 50-75 2 7.5 17

RT2 225 76-100 2 7.5 17250 101-125 2 8.6 17200 50-75 3 6.2 17

RT3 225 76-100 3 6.2 17250 101-125 3 7.5 17200 50-75 4 3.5 17

HRT4 225 76-100 4 4.2 17250 101-125 4 6.2 17200 50-75 1 38.5 0.7

Teplo1 225 76-100 1 38.5 0.7250 101-125 1 38.5 0.7275 126-150 1 38.5 0.7200 50-75 2 19.6 0.7225 76-100 2 19.6 0.7250 101-125 2 19.6 0.7275 126-150 2 28.3 0.7

Teplo2 300 151-175 2 28.3 0.7325 176-200 2 28.3 0.7350 201-225 2 38.5 0.7375 226-250 2 38.5 0.7400 251-275 2 38.5 0.7425 276-300 2 38.5 0.7200 50-75 4 12.6 0.7

Teplo4 225 76-100 4 12.6 0.7250 101-125 4 12.6 0.7

Cross-Sectional Areas and Thermal Conductivity of Ancon Wall Ties

Note: BS EN ISO 6946 permits the corrections due to wall ties, air gaps etc to be omitted, if the corrections amount toless than 3% of the uncorrected U-value of the element. * Wall Ties with a thermal conductivity of less than 1.0W/mK areexcluded from U-value calculations to EN ISO 6946, irrespective of cross-sectional area.




Ancon Teplo1200mm for 50-75mm cavities225mm for 76-100mm cavities250mm for 101-125mm cavities275mm for 126-150mm cavities

Ancon Teplo2200mm for 50-75mm cavities225mm for 76-100mm cavities250mm for 101-125mm cavities275mm for 126-150mm cavities300mm for 151-175mm cavities325mm for 176-200mm cavities350mm for 201-225mm cavities375mm for 226-250mm cavities400mm for 251-275mm cavities425mm for 276-300mm cavities

Ancon Teplo4200mm for 50-75mm cavities225mm for 76-100mm cavities250mm for 101-125mm cavities


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TIES FOR THIN-JOINT BLOCKWORKThin-joint construction prevents the use oftraditional cavity wall ties requiring embedmentin 10mm joints and coursing between the innerand outer leaves. The joints in the inner leaf ofblockwork are reduced to 3mm or less by theuse of special thin-joint mortar designed tospeed the rate of construction.

Staifix-Thor Helical TJ2 Wall TieThe TJ2 wall tie hammers directly into aeratedconcrete blocks, through insulation material,and is built into the bed joints of the outer leafof brickwork. It is ideal for thin-joint blockworkand other applications where the joints in theinner and outer leaves are not aligned. This tiemeets the requirements of the NHBC, BS EN845-1 and BS 5628-1 as a type 2, 3 or 4 walltie depending on the block used and the cavitywidth. Tools are available to simplify installation.

The helix of the Staifix-Thor Helical range issuperior to other helical fixings. Each rotationinterlocks perfectly down its lengthguaranteeing maximum performance.

The black Staifix TJ Clip is designed for usewith TJ2 wall ties.

For thin-joint to thin-joint separating walls usethe Staifix HRT4 (see page 8).

Embedment Depths

TJ2 to BS 5628-1

Block Strength Tie Type to BS 5628-1N/mm2 ≤ 100mm Cavity 125mm Cavity

2.8 4 4

3.5 - 4.0 3 4

7.0 - 10.5 2 3

TJ2 Recommended Lengths

Cavity Width (mm) Tie Length (mm)

50 205

75 230

100 255

125 280

150 305

TIES FOR TIMBER FRAMES

Staifix Timber Frame Tie (Type 6)Timber Frame Ties should be installed at adensity of 4.4 ties per square metre inbuildings where the basic wind speed doesnot exceed 25m/s (BS 6399-2: 1997 Code ofPractice for Wind Loads). The density shouldbe increased to 7 ties per square metre inmore severe situations.

The Staifix Timber Frame Tie is designed to fixbrickwork or blockwork to timber-framedstructures up to 4 storeys in height.

Available in three lengths to suit 50mm, 75mmand 100mm cavities, the Staifix Timber FrameTie is supplied complete with an annular ringshank nail. The tie is cranked to simplifycorrect installation and to prevent moisturefrom crossing the cavity.

The Staifix Timber Frame Tie complies with therequirements of BS 5268-6.1 as a Type 6 tieand meets the technical requirements of theNHBC.

Ancon Timber Frame Movement Tie(Type 7)Where standard Staifix Timber Frame Ties areunsuitable, Ancon recommends the use of theTimber Frame Movement Tie. Manufactured tosuit any cavity from 50mm to 150mm, theAncon Timber Frame Movement Tie comprisesa channel, a strip tie and a screw. This systemaccommodates maximum differentialmovement of 65mm; the tie should bepositioned 10-12mm from the bottom of thechannel.

This product complies with BS 5268-6.1 as aType 7 tie and meets the technicalrequirements of the NHBC.

85mm 70mm

Available to suit 50mm, 75mm and 100mm cavities.

Staifix Timber Frame Tie

Staifix-Thor Helical TJ2European Patent No. 1307303

Note: For maximum building height and restrictions based on geographical location please refer to page 5.

Ancon Timber Frame Movement Tie

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TIES FOR STEEL STUDWORK

Ancon 25/14 Restraint SystemThe Ancon 25/14 channel system is designedto tie brickwork to steel studding. Self-drillingscrews fix through the channel and the rigidinsulation board, into the steel. Once thechannel is installed, Ancon SD25 wall ties canbe positioned at any point along its length andare built into the bed joints of the outer leaf ofbrickwork.

The spacing of ties is based on the height ofthe building and its geographical location.This system has a performance in excess ofType 3 and the table below should be used inconjunction with the wind speed map on page 5.

Ancon recommends that wall ties achieve aminimum embedment of 62.5mm in the outerleaf of brickwork. Applications with a 50mmopen cavity require 100mm long ties.

25/14 channel features pre-punched holes atclose centres to ensure a fixing position isalways located near the end, even when it iscut on site. It should be fixed to steel studworkat 450mm vertical centres.

Screws are available to accommodate aninsulation thickness of up to 115mm. Anconrecommends the use of stainless steel fixingscrews.

The channel has a 16mm opening to easilyaccommodate a drive socket and washer forthe fixing screws.

This system has been independently tested atCERAM Building Technology and meets thetechnical requirements of the NHBC.Note: This system is unsuitable for use with flexible orsemi-rigid insulations. Contact Ancon for furtherinformation.

Vertical Tie Spacing(mm) for Various

Altitude and Distance Heights of Brickworkfrom the Coast 15m 25m 40m

Altitude up to 150m and at450 225 225least 50km from coast

Altitude up to 25m and within450 300 22550km from coast

Tie Spacing Based on 25/14 Channel at600mm Horizontal Centres with Basic WindSpeed < 25m/s

Ancon 25/14 Channelwith SD25 Wall Tie

25/14 Channel Profile

16mm25mm

14mm


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TIES FOR CAVITIES OVER 150MM

Ancon Two-Part TieCavities exceeding 150mm are sometimesrequired. This necessitates longer ties whichcan be difficult to balance and keep horizontalwhen built into the inner leaf. The AnconTwo-Part Tie has one section built into theblockwork; the other section is then fixed as theouter leaf is built. The inner tie is usuallymanufactured in lengths of 170mm. Variation inthe cavity width is accommodated by the lengthof the outer tie.

Ancon Two-Part Ties sustain loads whichexceed the requirements for a Type 2 tie toBS 5628-1 for cavities up to 300mm. Anembedment of 75mm is required at each end.These ties can also be used for larger cavitiesproviding the fixing centres are adjusted inaccordance with the table below.

To specify this tie simply quote ‘Ancon Two-PartTie to suit _ _ _mm cavity’. Insulation RetainingClips can be supplied to fit the inner section.

Cavity Vertical Horizontal(mm) centres (mm) centres (mm)

150-300 450 900

301-333 450 750

334-367 450 600

368-400 450 450

Recommended Fixing Centres forTwo-Part Ties

Ancon TeploTieAncon Teplo2 (Type 2) wall ties are available tosuit cavities up to 300mm. They have athermal conductivity of only 0.7W/mK, areBBA approved and meet the technicalrequirements of the NHBC. These ties aresuitable for use with partial-fill and full-fillcavities. For further information please seepage 9.

U.K. Patent No.2 265 920 Outer Section

170mm

Length to suitapplication

Inner Section

Wall Tie BS 5628-1 Length Cavity Range Reference Type (mm) (mm)

Teplo2 2 200 50-75Teplo2 2 225 76-100Teplo2 2 250 101-125Teplo2 2 275 126-150Teplo2 2 300 151-175Teplo2 2 325 176-200Teplo2 2 375 201-225Teplo2 2 350 226-250Teplo2 2 400 251-275Teplo2 2 425 276-300

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Installation of Staifix TE-ITC2 Wall Ties

Embedment

Insulation retainingclip

Bubble foil insulation

Embedment

Multiple drips

Cavity width

Staifix TE-ITC2

Staifix TE-ITB4*Lengths 185, 200mm

*

TIES FOR BUBBLE FOIL INSULATIONA range of ties are manufactured under licensefrom Thermal Economics Ltd for use withBubble Foil Insulation. These ties have beendesigned to BS 5628-1 and are available asType 2 and Type 4 ties. ITB referenced tiesenable the insulation material to be installedflush to the blockwork. ITC referenced tiesposition the insulation 25mm away from theblock. These ties meet the technicalrequirements of the NHBC.

Wall Tie BS 5628-1 Length Cavity RangeReference Type (mm) (mm)

TE-ITB4-185 4 185 50-60

TE-ITB4-200 4 200 60-75

TE-ITB4-225 4 225 85-100

TE-ITC4-200 4 200 60-75

TE-ITC4-225 4 225 85-100

TE-ITB2-185 2 185 50-60

TE-ITB2-200 2 200 60-75

TE-ITB2-225 2 225 85-100

TE-ITC2-200 2 200 60-75

TE-ITC2-225 2 225 85-100

Note: Refer to page 5 for more information on Type 4and Type 2 ties.

Staifix TE-ITB2 Wall Ties shown withAlreflex Ultratherm

TIES FOR CELLULAR CLAY BLOCKSThe Ancon CCB3 is a Type 3 wall tie to BS5628-1: 2005 and is designed to tie anexternal leaf of traditional masonry to aninternal leaf of cellular clay block withhorizontal joints of just 1mm. Installation is atwo-part process which eliminates the risk ofinjury from ties protruding from the inner leaf.The inner section is designed to locate againstthe blockwork, guaranteeing an accurate70mm embedment. Manufactured fromcorrosion resistant stainless steel it is availableto suit a 100mm full-fill or partial-fill cavity inhouses and commercial buildings. Otherlengths are available, please contact Ancon.

Ancon CCB3 Wall TiePatent pending

ANCON SLIP-BRICK TIESAncon Slip-Brick Ties arebolted directly to blockwork orconcrete to give both supportand restraint to thin slip brickfacings.In addition to the standardthree brick version, slip brickties can be manufactured inother multiples on request.


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Cavity Width (mm) Length of Wall Tie (mm) Frame Cramp/Channel Tie

20-44 100 SPB/SP2145-69 125 SDB/SD2170-94 150 SDB/SD2195-119 175 SDB SD21120-144 200 SDB/SD21145-169 225 SDB/SD21

FRAME CRAMPS AND CHANNEL TIESFrame cramps can be fixed to concrete,steelwork or masonry and have a single 7mmdiameter hole or an 8mm x 30mm vertical slot.Ancon M6 Single Expansion bolts arerecommended for fixing to concrete, setscrews or self-drilling screws for steelwork,and suitable plugs and screws for fixing tomasonry. Large washers must be used with allSDVs and similar ties with a slot. Other fixingsmay also be suitable.

Poor substrates will limit the capacity of framecramps and site testing may be advisable insome cases. The performance will also bedetermined by the position of the fixing. SDVties fixed to steelwork or concrete at thelowest point of the slot will have a safe workingload of approximately 1kN. The capacity willreduce as the fixing is moved further awayfrom the bend and greater movement must beexpected than with other types of wall tie.Ancon SDB Frame Cramps have a safeworking load of approximately 500N,comparable to the load of an SDV when fixedin the centre of the slot.

Ancon isolation sleeves and pads are suppliedblank for use with self-drilling screws to isolatestainless steel frame cramps from mild steel.Self-adhesive isolation pads are also availablefor _ _B (20 x 30mm) and _ _ V (25 x 50mm)referenced frame cramps.

Recommended Safe Working Loads for 20 x 2.5mm Section Frame Cramps

SDV Wall Tie

90mm

1000900800700600500400300200100

0SDV

Fixing atbottom of slot

N

SDVFixing in

centre of slot

SDVFixing at

top of slot

90mm

Length

Embedment

90mm

Length

Embedment

SDB Wall Tie Fixed to Steelwith Self-Drilling Screw

Isolation Sleeve Adhesive Isolation Pad

SD21 Wall Tie Fixed into 21/18Omega Channel

Ancon MDC Bracket Angle Support System withSD21 wall tie fixed into 21/18 Omega Channel

Recommended Lengths of Frame Cramps and Channel Ties

SDB Wall Tie

90mm

Note: Frame cramps should have a minimum embedment of 50mm in the outer leaf. Taking site tolerances into account,Ancon suggests tie lengths which achieve a greater embedment.

15


Ancon Hammer-in Tie (310mm)

Ancon SPA frame cramp at450mm vertical centres

Length to suitapplication

Angle to suitapplication

SPA Frame Cramp Fixed to Steel withM6 Isolated Set Screws

SPA Frame Cramp

Ancon HiT - Hammer-in TieThe Ancon HiT fixes masonry to concrete,dense blocks (>_7N/mm2), non-perforated brickor hard stone. It can reduce the variety of tielengths required on site and speed the rate ofconstruction.

The HiT is available in a standard length of310mm that is bent on site with a specialinstallation tool to suit all cavities up to150mm. Unlike conventional frame cramps itdoes not require a mechanical fixing, but ishammered into a plug.

The Ancon HiT meets the requirements of BS5628-1 as a Type 2 tie. A neoprene 'O' ringmust be installed on the tie to prevent moisturecrossing the cavity.

Where masonry is in line with a column flange,frame cramps can be supplied with an offsetangle section instead of an upstand. Thisangle allows the mechanical fixing to besuitably located. These ties are referencedSPA. They feature a 7mm hole as standardand can be used with a debonding sleeve ifrequired at a movement joint. The thickness,size and shape of the angle section aredesigned to suit each application. ContactAncon’s Technical Department for moreinformation.

PRE-FIXING AIDSThe practice of pre-fixing frame cramps inadvance of masonry can accelerate thespeed of construction and provides anopportunity to check that wall restraintshave been located correctly and aresecurely fixed.

Ancon Gauge Tape(Pre-fix Patent 2 256 223)Gauge Tape illustrates the standard 225mmbrick/block gauge and the fixing position offrame cramps. It is applied directly to thestructural frame (steel, concrete, timber ormasonry) to facilitate the pre-fixing of framecramps and to maintain accurate masonrycoursing.

Ancon ISO-TW WasherThe ISO-TW washer enables Ancon slot-ended frame cramps to be verticallyadjusted within the 30mm range of the slotto suit the exact location of mortar jointswithout affecting the integrity of the fixing.In addition, this washer prevents bi-metalliccorrosion by separating the frame crampfrom the structural frame and fixing screw.

Ancon ISO-TW and Gauge Tape

Fixing Method Omega 21/18 25/14 28/15 30/20 38/17 36/8 40/25

Cast-in

Surface Fixed

SWL (tension) 25/14 28/15 38/17 36/8 40/25

0.5kN 337 525 650 300 650

1.0kN - 400 525 - 525

Fixing of Channel

Maximum Centres for Surface-Fixing

Ancon Fastrack Channels 100mm long with SD28 Tie

Fastrack used with DD28 Tie for Stonework

Fastrack used with SD28 Tie for Brickwork

Ancon FastrackBuilding one leaf of the cavity wall in advanceof the other is often beneficial but can createproblems with coursing. Buildings whichincorporate imperial or continental bricks andstandard metric blocks present even greaterdifficulties.

Ancon Fastrack Channel is built into the innerleaf of blockwork ready to take an AnconSD28 or similar tie for the outer leaf. Thismethod of construction avoids the dangers of projecting ties.

Ancon Fastrack Channels and Ties can besupplied in different lengths and can also beused for tying stonework to blockwork if DD28or similar Ancon Ties are used.

The recommended tie length for use with afastrack channel is ‘cavity width plus 50mm’.

Ancon Fastrack Channels and Ties sustainloads which exceed the requirements for aType 2 tie to BS 5628-1. This system can alsobe manufactured in a 36/8 channel profile thataccepts wall ties referenced _ _ 36.

Ancon 25/14, 28/15, 30/20, 38/17, 36/8 and40/25 ChannelsAncon wall ties can also be used with our25/14, 28/15, 30/20, 38/17, 36/8 and 40/25channels. 30/20 Channel is supplied withanchors for casting into concrete. 25/14 and36/8 Channels are supplied plain-backed forsurface fixing. 28/15, 38/17 and 40/25Channels are available with or without anchorsfor casting in or surface fixing. Ties for 38/17and 40/25 channel will be 25mm wide toaccommodate the wider opening; all otherchannel ties will be 20mm wide. Wall ties usedwith Ancon 28/15, 30/20, 38/17 and 40/25channel will provide safe working shear andtensile loads of up to 1.0kN, while wall tiesused with 25/14 and 36/8 channels will provideup to 0.5kN. Maximum safe working loads ofsurface-fixed channels will be subject tosuitable fixings, and appropriate fixing centres.

Available Lengths of Ancon 21/18 Omega Channel100, 3000mm U.K Patent No. 2 249 110

Ancon 21/18 Omega Channel with AnconSD21 Tie

Ancon 21/18 Omega ChannelAncon 21/18 Omega Channel is a highperformance, self-anchoring, cast-in channelslot suitable for use with our wall ties toprovide the necessary restraint to the outer leafof masonry. The section is only 18mm deepand can be used where there is reduced coverto reinforcement. Available in 100mm and3000mm lengths, Ancon 21/18 OmegaChannel is filled with polystyrene to helpprevent the ingress of concrete. Nail holes aidthe fixing of the slot to timber formwork. Wallties used with Ancon 21/18 Omega Channelwill provide safe working shear and tensileloads of 1.5kN.

� � � � � � ��


16

VERTICAL MOVEMENT JOINTSDebonding sleeves are used on plain-endedwall ties, like the Ancon PP21 or PPB, atvertical movement joints. The tie will restrainthe masonry against lateral wind loads but thesleeve will allow the masonry to expand orcontract. Debonding sleeves should beinstalled with a 10mm gap at the end to allowfor expansion of the masonry.

External Corner with Fully BondedBrickwork

Note: All spacings are maximums. The type of cavity wall tie and spacing will be determined by the cavity width, heightof brickwork, wind loading and type of building. See page 5 for further information.

Intermediate Column with VerticalMovement Joints in Blockwork

Intermediate Column with VerticalMovement Joints in both Brickwork andBlockwork

Intermediate Column with Vertical Movement Joint in Brickwork and Blockwork

225mm 225mm

450mm to 900mm

Ancon PP21 wall ties with debonding sleeves,at 450mm vertical centres

Staifix RT2 wall ties at450mm vertical centres inalternate courses to AnconPP21 Wall Ties

Ancon PP21 wall ties with debondingsleeves, at 450mmvertical centres

Ancon PP21 wall ties withdebonding sleeves, at450mm vertical centres

Ancon SD21 wallties at 450mmvertical centres

Ancon ST1wall tie

Ancon ST1 wall tie

Ancon ST1wall tie

Ancon PP21wall tie withdebondingsleeve

Ancon PPS walltie with debondingsleeve

Ancon 21/18 Omega channel

Ancon PPS wall tieswith debondingsleeves, at 450mmvertical centres

450mm 450mm

Ancon PPS Wall Tie withDebonding Sleeve

Cavity Wall with Vertical Movement Joint in Brickwork

225mm 225mm

Ancon PPS wall ties with debondingsleeves, at 450mm vertical centres

Ancon ST1wall tie

10mmGap

Debonding sleeves should be pulled back 10mm to allowexpansion as well as contraction of brickwork

17



18

Cavity Width (mm) Tie Length (mm)

19


REFERENCES FOR WALL TIESMany variations are available in addition to thestandard ties. Wall ties for special applicationsmay be specified and ordered with ease byusing a reference letter for the tail, shank andhead of the tie.

Ancon ties are produced in lengths from150mm for masonry-to-masonry ties, and75mm for masonry-to-concrete ties, inincrements of 25mm. Drips will usually bepositioned 90mm from the outer end of the tie(first reference letter). Masonry-to-masonry tiescan also be supplied with a central drip.Special wall ties with a section wider than20mm referenced S_ _, will have an end withthree holes without the side notches.

Diameter 80mm

Head 21

Shank D

Tail S

Ancon SD21wall tie

Example usingReference System

TAILMost can be used ateither end of tie

SHANK

HEAD

L _ _

S _ _

_ D _

_ P _

_ V _

_ F _

_ H _

P _ _

D _ _

Y _ _

M_ _

W _ _

T _ _

Z _ _

Manufacturedto suit

25mm

10mm6x60mm loosedowel

6x60mm loosedowel

6x60mm weldeddowel

L

L

10mm

10mm

10

20

50

30

10

10

8x30mm slot

7mm diameter hole

L

L

10mm

To fit 21/18Omega Channel

_ _ 25 To fit 25/14_ _ 28 To fit 28/15_ _ 30 To fit 30/20_ _ 36 To fit 36/8 _ _ 38* To fit 38/17_ _ 40* To fit 40/25

*Tie will be 25mm wide

7mm diameter hole

Tie will be 25mmwide

110mm

_ _ V_ _ U without slot

_ _ B

_ _ 21

_ _ X

_ _ G

30

Insulation RetainerThe H75/2 Insulation Retainer is for securingmaterial to concrete, blockwork and brickwork.The 90mm diameter head can hold back up to75mm of insulation. A 10mm diameter hole isrequired in the base material. The projectingend of the retainer is pushed through theinsulation material into the hole and tappedinto position to secure the insulation.

Insulation Retaining ClipsThe red Staifix Universal Insulation RetainingClip (Uni) will fit all the standard stainless steelties shown on page 18. The black Teplo-Clipshould be used with the TeploTie range.

6.5mmdiameter holes

15mm15mm

Debonding SleevesDebonded Ties require 100mm embedment.A 120mm long sleeve will provide anallowance for movement and tolerance, andwill be suitable for most applications. Otherlengths and sizes available tospecial order.

100mm

Hammer-On FlangeSection ThicknessRef Accommodated

XS 7-10mmS 10-13mmM 14-17mmL 18-21mmXL 22-25mm

Hammer-On Tie (Debonded HOS-TIE,pictured above, supplied complete withHammer-On Section)

Hammer-On SectionHammer-On Tie

Patent No. GB 2424660B

Hammer-On Ties installed toalternate sides of the columnat 225mm vertical centres


20

Hammer-On SectionAvailable in five sizes to accommodate a steelthickness from 7mm to 25mm, this fixing issimply hammered onto the flange. It can beutilised either on a column with a tie or on abeam with an internal head restraint.

NON-DRILL FIXINGS FORSTEELWORKAncon’s range of ‘NON-DRILL’ masonry-to-steel fixing solutions was developed to addressthe safety concerns of the Industry.

Driven by customer demand for masonryrestraint fixings with an alternate installationmethod from either shot-firing or drilling,Ancon engineered the innovative solutionsdetailed here. These fixings do not require theuse of power tools and can reduce installationtimes and costs. In all instances they simplyabut the column or attach to the flange torestrain the wall against lateral wind loads.

Design SheetsContact Ancon on +44 (0) 114 275 5224 orvisit www.ancon.co.uk for a Non-Drill FixingsDesign Sheet. This sheet summarises all theinformation required by Ancon to specify/quotefor the most appropriate non-drill fixing to suityour application.

Ancon NON-DRILL fixings:• Eliminate the dangers associated with shot-

firing and drilling• Quick, simple and economical to install• No power tools required• No special skills or equipment required• Fixings either abut the column or attach to

the flange

The Hammer-On Section resists load inone direction only and should be installedon alternate sides of the flange.

Hammer-On Ties should be installed at225mm vertical centres and Hammer-On HeadRestraints at 450mm horizontal centres. Thewall tie (HOS-TIE) or head restraint (IHR-H)should be positioned central to the masonryleaf when located in one of the five fixing slots.For more information on the IHR-H HeadRestraint see page 22.

Hammer-On Ties can resist a load of 900N.When fixed at 225mm vertical centres,staggered on alternate sides of the columnflange (effective centres 450mm on each side)the service load will be 2kN per metre in eitherdirection.

Product Code Length Open Cavity* Flange Thickness

Briclok150A 150mm 20-50mm 6.8-13.5mmBriclok180A 180mm 50-80mm 6.8-13.5mmBriclok150B 150mm 20-50mm 13.5-20.0mmBriclok180B 180mm 50-80mm 13.5-20.0mm* Open cavity at column face.

Length Beam/Column (mm) Accommodated

179 203 x 203 UC186 203 x 133 UB224 254 x 254 UC232 254 x 146 UB275 305 x 305 UC281 305 x 127 & 165 UB330 356 x 127 & 171 UB

Column Tie

Internal Column TieAvailable in seven lengths, this tie fits betweenthe flanges of a column and should beinstalled at 225mm vertical centres.

Internal column ties exceed the requirementsfor a Type 2 tie to BS 5628-1.

Non-Standard Internal Column TieSpecial internal column ties can be designed tosuit applications where the masonry does notsit inside the flanges of a column. The drawingprovides some guidance on dimensions;contact Ancon for more information.

Non-standard internal column ties exceed therequirements for a Type 2 tie to BS 5628-1.

New BriclokThe Briclok fits to a column flange and can beused either across a cavity or back into theinner leaf. It should be positioned with theappropriate notch around the flange andinstalled at 225mm vertical centres. The tiemust not be forced onto the column andshould have no less than 10mm engagement.Two types (A and B) accommodate a steelthickness from 6.8mm to 20mm and areavailable in two lengths to suit an open cavityfrom 20mm to 80mm.

Briclok ties exceed the requirements for aType 2 tie to BS 5628-1.

Column TieThe Column Tie clamps to the flange of acolumn. It accommodates a steel thicknessfrom 6mm to 25mm and should be installed at225mm vertical centres. Manufactured inlengths to suit the application, it can feature adrip for use across the cavity or a plain shankfor installation back into the inner leaf.

Avoiding Bi-Metallic CorrosionBi-metallic corrosion may occur in a dampenvironment where stainless steel fixings are incontact with a structural steel frame. This willnot affect the stainless steel but may causeslight surface corrosion to the mild steel. Bestpractice is to isolate the two dissimilar metals.Bitumen paint or some other form of isolatione.g. adhesive tape, applied at the point ofcontact will prevent this corrosion.

Non-StandardInternal Column Tie

Internal Column Tie

Briclok A

Briclok B

15mm

50mm 50mm

60mm 40mm

15mm

6.8-10.3mm

10.0-13.5mm

Staifix RT2 WallTies at 450mmvertical centres

Ancon Briclok at225mm verticalcentres. Can beused in either leaf

Movement joint

450mm 450mm

150, 180mm

150, 180mm

Length

13.5-17.0mm

16.5-20.0mm

21


*


22

Ancon FHR - Head RestraintThe Ancon FHR Head Restraint is used forrestraining the top of internal walls or theinternal leaf of a cavity wall. The two anglesclamp the top of the wall and have 10mmdiameter holes to suit M8 bolts. They aresupplied with two holes in the longer angle toallow the restraint to fit 100mm and 140mmblockwork. Each restraint can resist a serviceload of 1kN.

*The IHR-H can resist a load of 1kN. When fixed at 450mm centres staggered each side of the lower beam flange (effectivecentres 900mm on each side) the service load will be 1.1kN per metre in either direction.

ANCON HEAD RESTRAINTS Ancon Head Restraints provide the necessaryrestraint to the top of masonry walls. Theyallow for vertical movement to accommodateshrinkage or thermal movement of the wall orstructural frame, while restraining wind loads.

Ancon IHR - Internal Head RestraintThe Ancon IHR is used for restraining the topof internal walls or the top of the inner leaf of acavity wall. The opening at the front of thechannel stem is sealed to prevent mortaringress and to ensure that vertical movementcan take place between the blockwork and thestructure. The base of the stem must be builtwithin a bed joint with the centre of the stemno closer than 50mm from the edge of theblock. The vertical joint should be filled withmortar each side of the stem. The maximumjoint between the top of the blockwork and theunderside of the frame is not normally greaterthan 25mm. For larger gaps, please contactAncon.

The sliding tie can be provided with either a hole(IHR - B) or slot (IHR - V) to suit M8 bolts, with anotch end to fix directly into a 38/17 or 30/20cast-in channel (IHR - C) and with a notch endto suit the Hammer-On Section (page 20) thatattaches to a steel flange without site drilling(IHR - H). The standard Ancon IHR will suit a215mm high block and can resist a load of1.5kN*. Other sizes between 150 - 250mm are available.

Ancon IHR - B Bolted to Concrete,Restraining Top of Inner Block Wall

To suit 100mm and140mm Blockwork

Ancon IHR-H Hammer-On Head Restraint

Ancon FHR Head Restraint - other sizesavailable

Ancon FHR Head Restraint Fixed toUnderside of Floor Slab, Restraining Headof Inner Leaf of Cavity Wall

Ancon IHR - Cto suit Cast-inChannel

IHR - C 38to suit 38/17

IHR - C 30to suit 30/20

Ancon IHR - Vwith Slot

Ancon IHR - H*supplied withHammer-On Section

Ancon IHR - Bwith Hole

75mm

25mmmax.

25mmmax.

50mmmin.

215mm

23


38mm 35mm min.45mm

25mm

15mm 15mm130mm 130mm

95mm50mm

15mm

160mm

160mm

160mm

38mm

SAH - T SAH - U SAH - UF

340mmmin. 600mmmax.

340mmmin. 600mmmax.

340mmmin.

600mmmax.

340mmmin. 600mmmax.

340mmmin.

600mmmax. 340mm

min. 600mmmax.

SAH - UO

SIS

SPI

SAH - UT SAH - UC

Slot is positioned at the centre of the tie

Head dimensions and hole positions are variable.

SAH - UF SAH - UO withExtended Head

Ancon SAH - Sliding AnchorsAncon SAH Sliding Anchors have stemswhich fit within the cavity and accept tiesthat slide to accommodate vertical movement.Available with six different head options asstandard, they can be supplied with one-wayor two-way ties with safety ends.

The standard fixing hole is 12mm diameter tosuit Ancon M10 Single Expansion Bolts orM10 T Head Bolts to fit Ancon 28/15 Channel.Ancon SAH Sliding Anchors have 25 x 5mmstems and a maximum service capacity of 1kNper stem when the upper tie is within 75mm ofthe fixing. Ties should be spaced at aminimum of 150mm and at least two tiesshould be used per stem.

These drawings are examples only. All slidinganchors are manufactured to suit individualrequirements.

75mmmax.

75mmmax.

Supplied as standard. Can be off-set to suit

Other lengths andslot positions availableto suit application

Standard Lengths200, 230mm

Other lengths availableto suit application

Standard Lengths135, 150mm

20mm to centreof slot


24

Staifix Cavity Starter TieThis tie simplifies the building of an inner leaf of blockwork within an existing structure. It isideal for barn conversions. See page 18 formore details about this tie.

WALL STARTER SYSTEMS36/8 Wall Extension SystemThe 36/8 Wall Extension System can be suppliedwith either SP36 ties or, where some longitudinalmovement must be accommodated at thejoint, PP36 ties complete with debondingsleeves. The channel can be supplied inlengths of up to 3.4 metres with each lengthhaving a series of holes to allow fixing to theexisting wall. The system is available as a kitcomprising a length of 36/8 channel 2400mmlong, six ties and five plugs and screws.

Staifix Universal Wall Starter SystemThis system includes all necessary fixings tojoin a single skin of masonry, 2400mm high, to an existing wall. Each pack includes 2 fixingstrips, 5 plugs, 5 washers, 5 screws and 10 wall ties. Suitable for wall widths from 60mmto 250mm and masonry up to 8 metres inheight, this system will resist a wind load of upto 4.5kN over a height of 2400mm. Wall Tiesslide within the fixing strip to course with thebed joints of any masonry unit. This UniversalWall Starter System meets the technicalrequirements of the NHBC.

Staifix Starter TieThis tie is quick and simple to install. It issuitable for use in brickwork and blockwork ofup to 3 storeys or 8 metres in height andmeets the technical requirements of the NHBC.

Staifix Frame TieThe Staifix Frame Tie is used to join timberdoor and window frames directly to brickwork.It is designed for use on buildings of up to 15metres in height, and meets the technicalrequirements of the NHBC. The ties arescrewed horizontally into the frame,surrounded by mortar and built into the bedjoints of the new brickwork.

The vertical spacing of frame ties depends onthe application. Please contact Ancon or yourlocal Staifix stockist for more information.

36/8 Wall Extension System, PP36 Tie

36/8 Wall Extension System, SP36 Tie

Staifix Universal Wall Starter System

Existing Outer LeafNew Inner Leaf

Supplied complete with an 8mm nylon wallplug, the Starter Tie is fixed into the existingwall at an angle of 30° to the horizontal andbent into the bed joints of the new brickwork.Ties should be fixed at 225mm vertical centresand be central to each leaf of the new wall.

Ancon YDB Ties Fixed to Blockwork

RESTRAINTS FOR STONE CLADDINGReference should be made to BS 8298: 1994“Design and installation of natural stonecladding”, when selecting ties for restrainingstone cladding. Restraints should be designedto resist wind loads and any imposed loadsfrom, for example, window cleaning equipment.

Each stone will normally be restrained in fourplaces, two at the top and two at the bottom.These are usually situated in the horizontaljoints. The restraints should be located in pre-formed mortises or holes positioned in thecentre of the thickness of the stone panel, andlocated at 1/4 points for half bonded stonesand 1/5 points for stack bonded stones.Restraints should be kept at least 75mm fromany corner with the peripheral distances betweenany two restraints not exceeding 1200mm (seepage 26).

The embedment of restraint dowels and lips into the stone should be at least 20mm. To achieve this lipped ties, (LPBs) have a25mm downstand and dowelled ties (DPBsand YPBs) have 60mm long dowels.

Buchanan Galleries, Glasgow

25



26

Ancon LD21 Ties Fixed into 21/18 Omega Channel, Restraining Top of Stone

Section of TiesMinimum sections for restraints for variousthickness of stone are shown in the tablebelow. Restraints for large stones and for usewhere cavities are in excess of 100mm mayrequire special attention. They may need amuch bigger section than 20 x 2.5mm; tiesformed from 20 x 3mm, 25 x 3mm, 30 x 3mmand 30 x 4mm are frequently used forrestraining stone cladding.

Drip PositionIf a drip is required (e.g. YDB) please specifythe position, indicating from which end of thetie the measurement is taken.

DowelsStandard dowels are 6mm in diameter and60mm long. These will be welded into the tailend of ties referenced D__, and supplied loosewith ties referenced Y__ and the multi-holedM__. 8mm and 10mm diameter dowels arealso available and will usually be suppliedwhere larger section ties are required.

Wire TiesThe traditional method of fixing thin marble,particularly for internal linings and low risecladding is with wire ties and plaster or mortardabs. Wire ties are manufactured from 3mmand 5mm diameter wire.

Minimum Section Stone Thickness of Restraint

30mm and below 3mm dia wire

40mm 5mm dia wire

50mm and above 20 x 2.5mm

WTA

WTB

WTC

Min length 40mm

Min length 40mm

6x60mm loose dowel

Min length 40mm

6x60mm welded dowel

Min length 40mm

6x60mm welded dowel

Min length 70mm

6x60mm loose dowel

Min length 70mm

6x60mm loose dowel

Min length 75mm

YP21

YDB

MP21

Min length 120mm

6x60mm welded dowel

Min length 110mm

Min length 120mm

6x60mm loose dowel

Min length 140mm

6x60mm loose dowel

Min length 35mm

Min length 40mm

6x60mm loose dowel

Minimum Section of Restraints

MPB

MDS

DP21

DPB

YPB

LP21

LPB

ZDS

DDS

LPL

WTD

27


Two Ancon YPB Ties Restraining Coping Stone

More than 3.7m above Soffits - including Sills, copings andground - including facias inlined soffits supported reveals

Type of Stone T (mm) t (mm) T (mm) t (mm) T (mm) t (mm)

Granite, slate, white 40 15 40 15 30 12marble, quartzitesHard limestone, 40 15 40 15 30 12travertinesLimestone, 75 30* 75 30* 50 20*sandstone

* t = T/2 if stone thickness (T) is greater than 75mm

Minimum Stone Thickness ‘T’ and Minimum Dimension Behind Restraint ‘t’

20mm

20mm

T/2

T/2

TW

1200mm max.20mm

75mm

t

t

1200

mm

max

.

W/5 Stack bonded stone

W/4 Half bonded stone

Recommended Restraint Positions in Stone Cladding


28

Facing Cavity Safe WorkingThickness Min. Max. Hole Size Load*

Reference (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (N)

2000/A20 25 70 8 x 90 600

25 22 67 8 x 90 600

2000/B30 30 75 8 x 90 600

40 25 70 8 x 90 600

20 60 105 8 x 90 600

2000 - 7525 57 102 8 x 90 600

30 55 100 8 x 90 600

40 50 95 8 x 90 600

Other sizes available to order. *In grade 30N/mm2 concrete

Ancon 150The Ancon 150 is a grout-in masonry tie forthe restraint of 20 to 30mm thin facings, andsuitable for cavities up to 60mm wide. The 12x 2mm corrugated body provides optimumbond in a 12 x 90mm hole. The 50 x 3mmdowel is supplied loose.

Facing thickness

Ancon 2000Ancon 2000 restraint fixings are a simple andsecure method of fixing thin facing slabs. Thefixing is quickly and easily installed with thesmall diameter hole giving lower drilling costsand minimum disturbance to the structure.Vertical and lateral adjustment is provided bythe slotted holes in the fixing clip.

Ancon 2000

Cavity

Stone Insulation Inner Leaf

Ancon Push-Off BoltThe Push-Off Bolt provides the centre of stonepanels with additional resistance to the effectsof impact loads, blast loads and positive windpressure. The Bolt features a mechanicalexpander at one end which fixes securely intothe inner leaf. The external stone panel ispositioned with its inner face flush to the bolt’sneoprene pad, which cushions the surface andprevents any rattling. The Push-Off Bolt issupplied in a variety of lengths to suit cavitiesfrom 100 to 200mm.

Ancon 2000 Thin Facing Restraints

Ancon 150

Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh

Ancon Push-Off Bolt

Ancon 2000

Push-Off Bolt

Compressive FailureStrength Load

Base Material (N/mm2) (kN)

Hard Brick 27.5 5.1

Soft Brick 17.0 3.7

Portland Stone 20.0 5.2

Concrete Block 7.0 1.8

Note: Test results are an average of 20 No ties.

Cavity Widths Tie Lengths Drill Diameter Drill Depths(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)

50-70 195 10.5 / 11 60-70

71-95 220 10.5 / 11 60-70

96-125 250 10.5 / 11 60-70

126-175* 300 10.5 / 11 60-70*or where greater embedment is required.Note: For cavities over 100mm horizontal spacing may need to be reduced to 450mm.

Installation of Remedial Wall TiesMechanical ties are easily installed by meansof two Setting Tools. The tie is fitted to thesetting tool for the inner leaf and inserted intoa pre-drilled hole in the wall. The required drilldepth for each tie is shown in the table below.The inner shell is expanded by turning thehandle. The tool for the outer leaf, with ahexagonal-shaped end, is then fitted andadjusted to expand the outer shell. Both toolsshould be turned until hand tight. The processis quick and simple and ensures that each tieis correctly installed.

To install Staifix Resin/Resin remedial wall tiesan extension nozzle and tube is required topump resin across the cavity and into the innerleaf. The extension tube is supplied in astandard length of 1000mm and is cut to suiton site.

Ancon 63 Setting Tools

Setting Tool - Outer

Setting Tool - Inner

REMEDIAL WALL TIES

Corrosion of Cavity Wall TiesWall ties are an essential element in thestability of masonry panels. Prior to 1978, wallties were usually manufactured from galvanisedmild steel. These ties were expected to last thelifetime of the building, but for many years ithas been recognised that some of these wallties have corroded after only 15 or 20 years.

When these ties corrode, they can expand to seven times their original thickness. This causes the brickwork to crack at themortar joints and can result in major damageand sometimes the collapse of walls.

It is crucial that the problem is identified asquickly as possible and the correct remedialaction undertaken.

Ancon 63 RangeThis is the original remedial wall tie which hasbeen used in various forms since 1972. The Ancon 63 range has been continuallyimproved to keep pace with changingrequirements. These ties are easy to install anda secure fixing is achieved with a minimumamount of disturbance.

Highly corrosion-resistant materials are usedthroughout the 63 range. The grade 304stainless steel body of the MM 63 hasexpansion shells at both ends for installationinto a 10.5mm diameter hole. A neoprene ringprevents moisture travelling past the centre ofthe tie.

Test ResultsThe '63 ties have been tested independently ina variety of materials using the standard '63tie, a summary of results is given in the table.The failure loads noted in the table areobtained from standard tests in brick coupletsand provide indicative values of tieperformance. The couplet test producesresults of a conservative nature compared toactual wall tests. Due to the variability ofmaterials, it is often prudent to undertake apull-out test on site, to verify the selection ofan appropriate tie.

SpacingNo Standard (British or European) has yetbeen defined for the spacing of remedial wallties. However, accepted practice is to followBS 5628 that is 900mm horizontally and450mm vertically in a staggered pattern with300mm vertical centres around openings within225mm of the opening.

Drill Depths for the Ancon 63 Range

Failure Loads (Pull-Out) for the Ancon 63 Range

Compressive FailureStrength Load

Base Material (N/mm2) (kN)

Dense Concrete Block 7.0 - 10.5 5.78

Lightweight Concrete Block 2.8 - 3.5 2.87

Mortar Bed Joint, 1:1:6 Type (iii) BS 5628 - 5.37

Failure Loads (Pull-Out) for Staifix R/R

29



30

Ancon MM 63195mm for 50-70mm cavities220mm for 71-95mm cavities250mm for 96-125mm cavities300mm for 126-175mm cavities

Ancon RM 63195mm for 50-70mm cavities220mm for 71-95mm cavities250mm for 96-125mm cavities300mm for 126-175mm cavities

Staifix R/R180mm for 40-60mm cavities200mm for 61-80mm cavities220mm for 81-100mm cavities

Stairib BarLength to order6, 8mm dia.

Ancon AC 31Lengths 175, 200 ,225mm

Ancon AC 31CLengths 175, 200,225mm

Cameron T 47Lengths 200, 250,300mm 4.7mm dia.

HRT4/RLengths 200, 225,250mm

Type A R/RLength 225mm

Temperature (˚C) in Substrate Setting Time- 5 360 mins

0 180 mins+ 5 90 mins+ 20 45 mins+ 30 30 mins+ 40 25 mins

Ancon 63 Mechanical/MechanicalUsed when tying together two leaves of solidmaterials, this tie has mechanical expanders ateach end. Requires 10.5mm or 11mm Ø holes.

Ancon 63 Resin/MechanicalFor use when the material in the inner leaf isperforated, of low-density or a friable material. Aresin fixing may be used to eliminate any imposedstress. Requires 10.5mm or 11mm Ø holes.

Staifix Resin/ResinUsed where mechanical expanders areunusable. Normally inserted into a 10mm Øhole, but if test facilities are required, a 12mm Øhole must be used. A plastic sieve can be usedto retain resin and is particularly useful inperforated brick or hollow blockwork. A 12mmØ hole is required to fit the sieve.

Stairib BarStainless steel ribbed bar, resin-grouted into theinner and outer leaves. Requires 10mm Ø hole(6mm dia. bar) or 12mm Ø hole (8mm dia. bar).

Ancon AC 31Used where bricks are removed then replaced in the outer leaf. The wavy end is resin-bondedinto the inner leaf in a 10mm Ø hole. Thetriangular end sits in the bed joint. Ancon AC 31can be supplied with a drip or a neoprene ring.

Ancon AC 31CSimilar to the AC 31 but cranked by 25mm to aidfixing to the inner leaf. Requires 10mm Ø holes.

Cameron T 47Used for the repair of mass brickwork with anunbonded brick façade, sometimes built fromsnapped headers. The T end is built into the bedjoint and perpend, and hidden when thebrickwork is repointed. Requires 12mm Ø holes.

HRT4/RUsed for tying the two leaves of a cavity wall orseparating wall where the first leaf has alreadybeen built. The wavy end is resin-bonded intothe existing wall in a 10mm Ø hole. The tie isbased on the Staifix HRT4 and has similarproperties.

Type A R/RThis is designed as a remedial tie for aseparating wall. It will normally be inserted in10mm Ø holes and resin-bonded into bothleaves. It meets the requirements of a Type Awall tie to Approved Document E.

Fischer FIS P 380 C ResinThis styrene-free injection resin is quick settingand suitable for a wide range of applications.The two components are safely mixed togetherinside the nozzle. Automatic mixing ensures anaccurate blending of the components and, beingmixed only as required, the minimum ofwastage. Resin guns and additional mixingnozzles are available.

Setting Times for FIS P

31


OTHER ANCON PRODUCTS

Masonry Support SystemsMasonry cladding on concrete or steel framesis normally supported from stainless steelsupport systems. AnconOptima and AnconMDC Systems create a continuous angle tosupport the outer leaf of masonry. AnconIndividual Brackets support masonry featuressuch as curves and arches. A full designservice is available to specifiers and users ofAncon systems.

Masonry ReinforcementAncon AMR masonry reinforcement improvesthe structural performance of a wall byproviding additional resistance to lateral loads.Located in the bed joint, it has a flattenedprofile to maintain good mortar cover evenwhen lapped or used with wall ties. It isavailable in various standard configurationsto suit a range of loading conditions andwall widths.

Windposts and Parapet PostsLarge panels of masonry or panels withopenings can often be difficult to justifystructurally. Ancon Windposts are designed toprovide additional lateral support for panels ofbrickwork. The range is manufactured fromstainless steel and includes Windposts whichcan be installed into the inner leaf of blockworkand Windposts for installation into the cavity,which leave the blockwork undisturbed.Parapet Posts are used as vertical support forbrickwork in either parapet or spandrel panels.

Insulated Balcony ConnectionsAncon Isolan connectors join external concretebalconies to internal concrete floor slabs.Used to minimise cold bridging, they providecontinuity to the thermal insulation. Standardsystems, comprising rigid CFC-freepolystyrene insulation and duplex stainlesssteel shear reinforcement, suit most depths ofcantilevered and simply supported balconies.Conventional reinforcing bars are used toprovide the tension and compressionreinforcement.

Tension SystemsTie bars are increasingly being used instructures and buildings as an architectural aswell as a structural element. Ancon 500Tension Systems comprise a range ofcomponents which can be supplied in carbonsteel or stainless steel in a variety of sizes andfinishes. They have a high load capacity andlook particularly impressive when used withlarge areas of glazing or curved timber trusses.

STAIFIX-THOR HELICAL CRACKSTITCHING KIT

The Staifix-Thor Helical Crack Stitching Kit is ahigh strength, non-disruptive solution for thepermanent repair of cracked masonry. It isavailable from builders merchants andspecialist distributors.

Ideal for either the remedial specialist or thecontractor with a one-off repair job, the kitcontains Staifix-Thor Helical reinforcing bars(10 x 1000mm), cementitious grout (3 litres), apaddle for grout mixing, a grout applicatorgun with a flat nozzle, and a finger trowel.

Purchase of the Ancon kit, in preference toobtaining all the components individually,guarantees the correct specification andcompatibility of reinforcement, grout and toolsfor this specific application. The kit is suppliedin a single box with full installation instructions.

The stainless steel helical bars are chemicallybonded into bed joints to stitch cracks,redistributing tensile forces and stabilising thestructure. On completion, the bar and groutare concealed, retaining the original characterof the wall.

500mm

500mm 500mm

500mm

Please note it is essential that the cause of thecracking is established and eliminated prior tothe installation of this system.

© Ancon Building Products 2010

The construction applications and details provided in this literatureare indicative only. In every case, project working details should beentrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons.

Whilst every care has been exercised in the preparation of thisdocument to ensure that any advice, recommendations orinformation is accurate, no liability or responsibility of any kind isaccepted in respect of Ancon Building Products.

With a policy of continuous product development Ancon BuildingProducts reserves the right to modify product design andspecification without due notice.

These products are available from:

Ancon Building ProductsPresident Way, President ParkSheffield S4 7URUnited KingdomTel: +44 (0) 114 275 5224Fax: +44 (0) 114 276 8543Email: [email protected]: www.ancon.co.uk

Ancon (Middle East) FZEPO Box 17225Jebel AliDubaiUnited Arab EmiratesTel: +971 (0) 4 883 4346Fax: +971 (0) 4 883 4347Email: [email protected]: www.ancon.ae

Ancon Building Products114 Kurrajong AvenueMount DruittSydneyNSW 2770AustraliaTel: +61 (0) 2 8808 1111Fax: +61 (0) 2 9675 3390Email: [email protected]: www.anconbp.com.au

Ancon (Schweiz) AGGewerbezone Widalmi 103216 Ried bei KerzersSwitzerlandTel: +41 (0) 31 750 3030Fax: +41 (0) 31 750 3033 Email: [email protected]: www.ancon.ch

Ancon Building Products GesmbHGerspergasse 9/3 Top 1A-1210 ViennaAustriaTel: +43 (0) 1 259 58 62-0Fax: +43 (0) 1 259 58 62-40Email: [email protected]: www.ancon.at

Ancon GmbHBartholomäusstrasse 2690489 NurembergGermanyTel: +49 (0) 911 955 1234 0Fax: +49 (0) 911 955 1234 9Email: [email protected]: www.anconbp.de

This brochure is printed on paper produced from 80%recycled post-consumer fibre and 20% virgin pulp which issourced from responsibly managed and sustainable forests(FSC certified). The printing inks and sealant are vegetable-based making the document fully recyclable.

ISO 9001: 2008FM 12226

ISO 14001: 2004EMS 505377

CAVITY WALL TIE SELECTIONEurocode 6BS EN 845-1: 2003BS 5628-1: 2005BS 5268-6.1: 1996Approved Document E:Wall Tie TypesDensity & Positioning of TiesLength of Tie & EmbedmentINSTALLATION GUIDANCEWALL TIES TO BS 5628-1 FOR BRICK-TO-BLOCK CONSTRUCTIONAncon ST1 Type 1 TieStaifix RT2 Type 2 TieStaifix RT3 Type 3 TieStaifix HRT4 Type 4 / Type A TieAncon TeploTieLow Thermal Conductivity Wall TiesCross-Sectional Areas and Thermal Conductivity of Ancon Wall TiesTIES FOR THIN-JOINT BLOCKWORKStaifix-Thor Helical TJ2 Wall TieTIES FOR TIMBER FRAMESStaifix Timber Frame Tie (Type 6)Ancon Timber Frame Movement Tie (Type 7)TIES FOR STEEL STUDWORKAncon 25/14 Restraint SystemTIES FOR CAVITIES OVER 150MMAncon Two-Part TieAncon TeploTieTIES FOR BUBBLE FOIL INSULATIONANCON SLIP-BRICK TIESTIES FOR CELLULAR CLAY BLOCKSFRAME CRAMPS AND CHANNEL TIESPRE-FIXING AIDSAncon HiT - Hammer-in TieAncon 21/18 Omega ChannelAncon 25/14, 28/15, 30/20, 38/17, 36/8 and 40/25 ChannelsAncon FastrackVERTICAL MOVEMENT JOINTSSTANDARD WALL TIESREFERENCES FOR WALL TIESNON-DRILL FIXINGS FOR STEELWORKANCON HEAD RESTRAINTSAncon SAH - Sliding AnchorsWALL STARTER SYSTEMSRESTRAINTS FOR STONE CLADDINGREMEDIAL WALL TIESSTAIFIX-THOR HELICAL CRACK STITCHING KITOTHER ANCON PRODUCTS

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Wall Ties and Restraint Fixings Wall... · 2010. 3. 23. · Refractory Fixings Ancon product information is available in NBS format for easy insertion into a NBS specification. Wall