Walking Tours in Budapest.pdf

8/10/2019 Walking Tours in Budapest.pdf

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OKTATSI

STRUKTRA

Dek Judit

W A L K I N G

TOURS

I N B U D A P E S T

B U D A P E S T I STK A N G O L N Y E L V E N

Cb .

X )


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Dek

Judit

W A L K I N G T O U R S

IN B U D A P E S T

B U D A P E S T I STK

A N G O L N Y E L V E N

m

PZMVSZETI

KIAD

S NYOMDA


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TARTALOMJEGYZK

BEVEZET 5

I.

G E N E R A L

I N F O R M A T I O N

7

1.1. Generalinformatin 7

1.2. Short history 7

1.3. "Where did the Magyars come from? 11

1.4. Somwords about the names of our C i t y 12

1.5. The route of thecity

sightseeing

tour 13

I . C I T Y S I G H T S E E I N G T O U R

14

2.1. The Ci ty Park 14

2.2. Heroes

1

Square 17

2.2.1. The

Millenary

Monument 17

2.2.2. Statues

of the Colonnade 19

2.2.3.

The Museum of

Fine

Arts and the ArtGallery . . . 28

2 3

Andtssy Avenue 29

2.4. Saint Stephen's Basilica 33

2 5 Liberty Square 36

2.6. Houses of Parliament 37

2 7 The Margaret Bridge and the Island 39

2.8. Buda

side

M a i n Street 42

2.9. Castle

District

Matthias

Church

Fishermen's Basrion . 46

2.10. Tabn and Gellrt H i l l 54

2.11. Elizabeth Bridge Markt H a l l ,

National

Museum,

Astoria

55

2.12. Elizabeth Bridge Franciscan

Church,

Astoria,

Synagogue

59

2.13. Along the

Rkczi Road

62

2.14. Eastern Railway Station 65

2.15. Sport Centre 66

2.16. Back tothe

Ci ty

Park 67

TERMINOLOGY

69

Felhasznlt

irodalom 72


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Walking toursinBudapest

BEVEZET

T I S Z T E L T O L V A S

rmmel

dvzlm a Budapesti stk

angol nyelven"

minden olvasjt.

Nzzk meg elszr is,hogy mi clbl kszlt ez a knyv

Elssorban a leend, kezd idegenvezetknek kvn

alapanyagot

adni,

melybl tanulmnyaik sorn

elindulhatnak.

Remljk,hogye tanknyvet a vgzett idegenvezetk is tudjk

haszno-

stani munkjukban s tallnakbennenhny rdekes informcii.

Harmadszor,de nem utolssorbanazokrais

gondoltunk,

akik nem

szak-

mabeliek,de hozznk hasonlan el

vannak

bvlve

Budapest

szpsgtl

s szvesen forgatnakolyan anyagot,

mely

idegenforgalmiszakmai szem-

pontbl

bvti ismereteiket.

A k i egyszer is olvasott mr tiknyvet, illetve bdekkerszer lerst

brmely vrosrl vagyorszgrl,majdkezbevettegy msikat,biztosfel-

fedezett

aprbb klnbsgeket, illetveazt,

hogy

azegyikbenegyesrszek

bvebbek, mg msok rvidebbek. Van, ahol sok a kis trtnet s

akad,

aholcsaka tnyek, szmok,adatokkzlsre szortkoznak.

A

knyv sszelltsakor nem kvntuk tlszrnyalni sem amagyar sem

az idegen nyelv forrsmunkkat, s a megelz hasonljegyzetekel sem.

Budapest

s radsul az idegenvezets esetben gy rezzk: ezt a munkt

nemlehetbefejezni,

csak

ppen egy idreabbahagyni.Hiszen a mi vrosunk

lland

vltozsok szntere; j hd szletik, pleteketlebontanak,helykre

jak kerlnek,

szobrok

tnnek el s

bukkannak

fel a kztereken. Ezrt kr-

jk kedves olvasinkat,

hogy

segtsenek neknk,

legyenek

alkottrsaink

H agy rzik,

hogy

fontos,rdekes, figyelemremlthozztennivaljuk

van a vrosnzs brmely rszhez jelezzk neknk. Ksznettel vesszk

az

informcit,

ellenrizzk, eltesszk, s a kvetkez, aktualizlt kiads-

ban szvesen felhasznljuk

Remljk minden olvasnak olyan rmet okoz

ajegyzet

olvassa mint

neknkaz

anyag

sszelltsa.

Budapest,

1999. nyarn

5


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Walkingtours in Budapest

I . G E N E R A L I N F O R M A T I O N

L l

GENERAL INFORMATION

Budapest iscalledthe "Pearl of the Danube", the "Queen of the Danube".

Inhabitants of thecapital

city

believethatthis is"simply"amarvelous

city,

and we are glad to

live

here.

Let usstart

with

som generl informatinfirstofallabout our climate.

Hungary

has a Continental climate

which

varies greatly through the

seasons.The

hottest

months are June,Julyand August, when the daytime

temperature

can reach into 30s (Celsius).The coldest month is January,

withan averagetemperatureof just below 0 C. Sometimes we have quite

alot of snow and thetemperaturecan drop to -5 C ,-10 C below zero.A l l

visitors

are happy

with

the weather

here

between

May

and October.

Budapest is situated on the banks of the river Danube and its area is

202squaremiles (525 km

2

).Budais thehil lyside of ourcitywhilePest is

completelyfiat.Pest is twice as big asBuda,and its population is twice as

much

as the population ofBuda.The population of the

city

isjust under 2

millin,the population of the country is alittleover 10millin,

which

means,that20% of the Hungarian citizenslive

here

in the capital.

There are 9 bridges in the capital

city.

It has 23 districts.

The

figure "2"characterizes our capital very wel l .Thecityconsists

of two parts,Budaand Pest; it has two big islands, Margaret and Csepel

Islands; it has about two

miition

inhabitants and about two thousand

years of history.

7.2. SHORT HISTORY

C E L T S

The

very first inhabitants who settled herewere the Celts. Theycalled

their settlement " A K I N K "

which

meansinEnglish:"Abundant Water".

The Celts came

originally from

Francandlived

here

in the 4th and 3rd

centuries

B C

in the neighborhood of theGellrt

H i l l

andTabn(the area

between theGellrt H i l land CastleH i l lon theBudaside).

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t - T ,

Walkingtoursin

Budapest

ROMANS

The Ce l i swere

defeaied

by theRomans in 10 A D , and lheformerC elt ic

settlement was turnd into a Romn provinciai capital called A Q U I N

C U M .

The name of the province was Pannnia, while the bordr of the

Romn Empire was the river

Danube.

The RomnlegionsevacuatedPannnia and itscapital by the end of the

century.

There

a re severalremainsfrom

this

time eventoday which can beseen

in

outdoor

and

indoor

museums.Thegolden age of the Romnperiod was

in lhe }*, 2

n d

and 3

l d

centuries.

Aquincum had a population of 40.000. M arkt halls, military and

civilian public baths were built as well as religious shrines and two

amphitheatres. You can see even today the ruins of the Military Town

Amphitheatre, several museums so as the Romn Settlement Museum, lhe

Romn Bath Museum, and the Aquincum Museum.

4

, h

M I G R A T I O N A N DS E T T L E M E N T O F T H E H U N G A R IA N S

Later

onvariouspeoples lived

here,such

as the Huns, Avars and Slavic

tribes

during

the time of the Great Migration inEuropewhich

started

in

the 5'

1

'century.

Ourancestorsthe"Magyars"-Hungarians- arrivedat theCarpathian

Basin and

occupied

it in 896.

Our language is a very difficult one, because

Hungarian

does nol belong

to any big family of languages. The reason for that is thai our ancestors

lived together until the end of lhe 5

lh

century with the ancestors of the

Finns, on territory very

near

to the

Ural

Mountains, between the Kama

and

the Volga rivers. (See more details in the next chapter )

Therefore, our language

belongs

to the Finno-Ugrian family of

languages, so we can say basically it is a Finnish-origin language, which

does not

meanIhatFinns

and Hungarians can understandeach

other.

t

simply meansthatwordswhichwere

probably

usedin the originlcountry

where they livedtogether - like'sun', 'hand', 'head', 'blood', etc. - are

the

same,

and the

melody

o fthese

languages

is

very

similar.

8

The Hungai

thisperiod

the

200years.Thi

doesnot

mean

thatover 300 '

Later

on, c

togetherwith :

taught us

hov*

animaibreede

nameso fplan

Therewere

astrong

inf m

influence

agai

influence.

Summarizii

origin, with a

this

mixturei

why itseems;

Let us com

becamea roy

the invasion

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Walking Tours in Budapest.pdf