W Radio Network Dimensioning Operation Guide 20071022 a 3.2

8/12/2019 W Radio Network Dimensioning Operation Guide 20071022 a 3.2

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Product name Confidentiality level

WCDMA RNP For internal use only

Product versionTotal 62 pages

3.2

W-Radio Network Dimensioning Operation Guide

(For internal use only)

Prepared by Ding Jianmu Date 2006-03-15

Reviewed by Xie Zhibin, Wu Zhong, Hu Wensu, Wan Liang, YangShijie, and Qian Bin

Date 2006-03-15

Reviewed by Yao Jianqing Date

Approved by Date

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All Rights Reserved.





Revision Records

Date Version Description Author

2006-02-20 1.00 Initial transmittal. Ding Jianmu

2006-02-28 2.00 According to review suggestion, removed the detaileddimensioning algorithms and supplemented operation guide.

Ding Jianmu

2006-03-15 3.00 According to review suggestion, modified document outlineand supplemented parameter description

Ding Jianmu

2007-10-22 3.2 1) The first four chapters were based on RND3.0.

2) Supplemented HSUPA-related information.

Zhang Hao



W-Radio Network Dimensioning Operation Guide FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY

2007-12-13 Huawei Confidential. Page 4 of 62

Contents

1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 11

2 Overall Flow ................................................................................................................................. 12

3 Dimensioning Process ................................................................................................................ 14

3.1 Dimensioning for R99 Networks .............................. ......................................................... ............................ 15

3.1.1 Input Parameters for Dimensioning ...................................................... ................................................ 15

3.1.2 Analyzing Input Parameters ............................................................................ ...................................... 15 3.1.3 Dimensioning Process ......................................................... ....................................................... ........... 22

3.1.4 Output of Dimensioning ..................................................... ........................................................ ........... 22

3.2 R5 Network Dimensioning ............................................................................................................................. 26

3.2.1 Input Parameters for Dimensioning ...................................................... ................................................ 27

3.2.2 Analyzing Input Parameters ............................................................................ ...................................... 29

3.2.3 Dimensioning Process ......................................................... ....................................................... ........... 33

3.2.4 Dimensioning Output ................................................................................................ ............................ 34

3.3 Network Dimensioning for Upgrading from R99 to HSDPA .................................................... ..................... 36

3.3.1 Input Parameters for Dimensioning ...................................................... ................................................ 37 3.3.2 Analyzing Input Parameters ............................................................................ ...................................... 37

3.3.3 Dimensioning Process ......................................................... ....................................................... ........... 40

3.3.4 Dimensioning Output ................................................................................................ ............................ 41

4 Evaluating Rationality of RND Result ................................................................................... 44

4.1 Cell Radius ...................................................... ......................................................... ...................................... 44

4.2 Current Actual User Number (Cell) .......................... ......................................................... ............................ 45

4.3 HSDPA Cell Actual Throughput (kbps) .................... ....................................................... .............................. 45

4.4 HSDPA Cell Edge Throughput (kbps) .................................................. ......................................................... . 45

5 Analyzing Case ............................................................................................................................ 46

5.1 First Dimensioning .................................................... ....................................................... .............................. 46

5.2 Second Dimensioning .................................................................................................................................... 48

5.3 Third Dimensioning ....................................................................................................................................... 50

5.4 Fourth Dimensioning...................................................................................................................................... 52

5.5 Case Summary ............................................................................................................................................... 54

6 Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 55

7 Appendix ...................................................................................................................................... 56

7.1 Basic Process for Network Dimensioning ...................................................... ................................................ 56





7.1.2 Adjusting Cell Radius ................................................................. ......................................................... . 57

7.1.3 Adjusting Carriers Before Adjusting Cell Radius ..................................................... ............................ 57

7.1.4 Flow for Performing Uplink Link Budget ....................................................... ...................................... 58

7.1.5 Flow for Performing Downlink Link Budget .................................................. ...................................... 59 7.1.6 Flow for Performing Uplink Cell Capacity Dimensioning ................... ................................................ 60

7.1.7 Flow for Performing Downlink Capacity Dimensioning ...................................................................... 61

7.2 Process for Iub Transmission Bandwidth Dimensioning ............................................................................... 61







Figures

Figure 2-1 Overall flow for RND ..................................................... ........................................................ ........... 12

Figure 3-1 Input parameters for dimensioning (1) .............................................................................................. 15

Figure 3-2 Input parameters for dimensioning (2) .............................................................................................. 15

Figure 3-3 Setting propagation model ....................................................... ......................................................... . 18

Figure 3-4 Converting area coverage probability to edge coverage probability ................................................. . 19

Figure 3-5 Result output from R99 network dimensioning (1) ..................................... ...................................... 23



Figure 3-8 Input parameters for R5 network dimensioning ................................................................................ 27

Figure 3-9 Output result of R5 network dimensioning .................................................. ...................................... 34

Figure 3-10 Input parameter for dimensioning for upgrading from R99 to HSDPA (1)........ .............................. 37

Figure 3-11 Result for network dimensioning for upgrading from R99 to R5 ................................ .................... 41

Figure 5-1 Dimensioning information from the operator ................................................................................... . 46

Figure 5-2 Traffic model for the first dimensioning for the E project in J country ............................................. 47

Figure 5-3 Result of first dimensioning ..................................................... ......................................................... . 47

Figure 5-4 Dimensioning result with 6-sector ..................................................... ................................................ 48

Figure 5-5 Traffic model for the second dimensioning in the E project in J country ............ .............................. 49

Figure 5-6 Result of second dimensioning in the E project in J country .................................................. ........... 49

Figure 5-7 Traffic model in the third dimensioning ...................................................... ...................................... 51

Figure 5-8 Result of third dimensioning in the E project in J country ................................................................ 51

Figure 5-9 Traffic model of fourth dimensioning in the E project in J country .................................................. . 53

Figure 5-10 Result of fourth dimensioning ...................................... ........................................................ ........... 53

Figure 7-1 Flow for network dimensioning ......................................................... ................................................ 56

Figure 7-2 Flow for performing uplink link budget ............................................................................................ 58

Figure 7-3 Flow for performing downlink link budget........................................................................................ 59

Figure 7-4 Flow for performing uplink cell capacity dimensioning ............................................... ..................... 60





Figure 7-5 Flow for performing downlink capacity dimensioning ................................................. ..................... 61





Tables

Table 3-1 Recommended value range ........................................................ ......................................................... . 20

Table 3-2 Maximum transmit power for radio link........................................................ ...................................... 20

Table 3-3 Parameters and their description of R5 network ...................................................... ............................ 28

Table 3-4 HSDPA/HSUPA networking .................................................................................... ............................ 29

Table 4-1 Cell radius range in different scenarios ............................................................................................... 44





W-Radio Network Dimensioning Operation Guide

Key wordsCoverage, capacity, dimensioning, CE, Iub bandwidth, and HSDPA

AbstractBased on U-Net RND 3.0, the document introduces the aim for network dimensioning, andanalyzes the input and output parameters for dimensioning and dimensioning process. Inaddition, it analyzes a case on network dimensioning. Finally, it summarizes radio networkdimensioning operation.

Acronyms and abbreviations

Acronyms and abbreviations Full spelling

RNO Radio Network Optimization

RNP Radio Network Planning

RND Radio Network Dimensioning

CE Channel Element

HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access

HSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access

TU3 Typical Urban 3km/h

RA120 Rural Area 120km/h

UL Up Link

DL Down Link

QoS Goal of Service

CS Circuit Service

PS Packet Service

MaxC/I Max Carrier Interference

RR Round robin

PF Proportional Fair





1 Introduction

Radio network dimensioning (RND), based on the coverage objectives, subscriber scale,service ratio, and quality, help engineers obtain the network scale. The network scale ismeasured by:

Number of NodeBs Configuration of NodeBs Number of CEs Iub bandwidth

The RND result directly affects the capital expenditure of operators. It is even important tomeeting the network goals preset by the operator. Therefore, RND aims to obtain the mostreasonable network scale on the condition that the operator's requirements on capacity,coverage, and quality are met.

If the RND result is over large, namely, the calculated network scale is over large, theoperator will spend more expenditure and the actual income is smaller than theexpenditure. As a result, the operator cannot make ends meet before a long time.

If the RND result is over small, namely, the calculated network scale is over small, thenetwork coverage will be weak or the capacity will be low. As a result, the subscriber

satisfaction will decline, network expansion is necessary soon.

Based on U-Net RND 3.0, the document analyzes the following contents:

Functions and process of RND Input and output parameters for dimensioning Method to obtain input parameters Rationality judgment of output result

In addition, based on the network dimensioning for E project in J country, this guide analyzesthe RND process and precautions. Finally, it summarizes RND. HSUPA is a new feature in R6.To be consistent with the RND menu, an R5 network refers to an HSDPA/HSUPA network in

this operation guide.This guide includes the following chapters:

Chapter 2 : Overall Flow Chapter 3 Dimensioning Process Chapter 4 Evaluating Rationality of RND Result Chapter 5 Analyzing Case Chapter 6 Summary Chapter 7 Appendix





2 Overall Flow

Figure 2-1 shows the overall flow for RND.

Figure 2-1 Overall flow for RND

The process for RND is as below:

Step 1 Obtain RND data, including number of subscribers, service ratio, traffic, propagation model,and so on.

Some of the previous parameters are relevant to the operator's objectives of networkconstruction. Some of them are relevant to the local environment, so engineers needreasonable data.

Step 2 Perform RND according to the previous input parameters.

In RND, according to the preset cell load and coverage requirements on target services,calculate the maximum cell radius by link budget.

Consequently calculate the cell radius by RND iteration when the coverage and capacity are balanced. In this way, the cell radius can meet the requirements from both capacity andcoverage.





Calculate the number of NodeBs according to cell radius.

Perform dimensioning of CE and Iub bandwidth according to the coverage area and thenumber of subscribers of each NodeB. Consequently, determine the number of CEs, thenumber of boards, and the number of E1s.

Step 3 Output RND result.

----End





3 Dimensioning Process

The operator's objectives on network construction include three types:

Construct an R99 network. According to the scale of subscribers, traffic, and coverageindexes of R99 network provided by the operator, perform RND to obtain the networkscale so that the requirements on R99 coverage and capacity are met.

Construct an R5 network. An R5 network provides R99 services and HSDPA/HSUPAservices. According to the number of subscribers and traffic in R99 and HSDPA/HSUPAnetwork provided by the operator, perform RND to obtain the network scale so that therequirements on both R99 and HSDPA coverage and capacity are met.

Upgrade an R99 network to an HSPA network. To save capital expenditure, use theoriginal R99 sites. Upgrade the R99 network to the R5 network by adding carriers,configuring parameters reasonably, and performing transmission expansion. The upgradeshall not affect the R99 subscribers, but also enable HSPA subscriber to enjoy high speeddata transfer. In addition, the network is expanded.

The following sections details the processes for previous constructions or upgrade based onU-Net RND 3.0.





3.1 Dimensioning for R99 Networks

3.1.1 Input Parameters for DimensioningFigure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 show the input parameters for dimensioning.

Figure 3-1 Input parameters for dimensioning (1)

Figure 3-2 Input parameters for dimensioning (2)

3.1.2 Analyzing Input ParametersThe reasonability of input parameters affects the dimensioning result greatly, so how to obtainreasonable input parameters is important. The following paragraphs will focus on this

problem.





Continuous Coverage ServiceAs required by the operator, determine the continuous coverage service. The VP servicealways serves as a continuous coverage service. For dense urban and urban areas, the rate of

continuous coverage service is required to be high. The operator may require PS384Kcontinuous coverage service.

For suburban and rural areas, the rate of continuous coverage service is low. If the operatorrequires PS384K continuous coverage service in these areas which have large square, thenumber of sites according to dimensioning will be large and the capital expenditure will behigh. Therefore, PS384K continuous coverage service is not recommended in suburban andrural areas.

The selection of target services affects the result of link budget and the cell radius accordingto dimensioning.

It is recommended as below:

The VP service serves as continuous coverage service in dense urban and urban areas. The voice service serves as continuous coverage service in suburban and rural areas.

NodeB DiversityFor NodeB diversity, the dual-antenna Rx diversity usually serves in uplink and no Txdiversity serves in downlink. For indoor distributed system, a single antenna usually serves inRx and Tx, namely, without Rx diversity or Tx diversity.

Sector TypeThe 3-sector antennas are usually used, but in suburban and rural areas, the omnidirectionalantennas are used.

Channel ModelThe channel model is closely related to propagation environment and the moving rate ofsubscribers. The channel model includes:

TU3 (Typical urban 3km/h). The dense urban and urban areas usually use TU3 model. TU50 (Typical urban 50km/h) RA120 (Rural area 120km/h). The suburban and rural areas usually use RA120 model.

EnvironmentThe environment includes indoor and out door environments. If the environment is indoor,you shall consider penetration loss.

The type of environment affects the result of link budget and the result of capacitydimensioning. In indoor environment, the propagation loss is large, the cell radius accordingto dimensioning is small, so the capacity will be low.

It is recommended to choose indoor environment.







Step 3 Input the parameters for the model, as shown in Figure 3-3.

Figure 3-3 Setting propagation model

----End

The propagation models can transit to each other. If the parameters for a model are available, but the operator wants to use another model, you can obtain the parameters for the requiredmodel by converting available parameters to required parameters. A propagation model isusually described in a formula.

R99 Cell LoadThe R99 cell load includes the uplink target load and downlink target load. It depends on theobjectives of network construction.

If you set uplink target load too low, the cell radius according to dimensioning will be overlarge and the planned sites will be inadequate. The operator can save the expenditure at theearly stage, but the cell radius may shrink and coverage blind area may appear when thesubscribers increase to a certain number. Therefore, the uplink load for dense urban and urbanareas cannot be over low, and the typical value is 50%.

For suburban and rural areas, the required capacity will not be high in a long time, so thedesigned uplink load can be lower, such as 40% and 30%. This enhanced network coverageand saves the expenditure at the early stage. The downlink target load can be higher, and thetypical value is 75%.

The uplink and downlink target loads affect the result of link budget and the result of capacitydimensioning. If the target load is over high, the coverage capability of NodeB will declineand the cell radius will shrink, but the capacity of NodeB will increase. Contrarily, thecoverage increases and the capacity declines. Therefore, you shall set the target load





according to actual conditions of network. Set the target load for high-capacity area large. Setthe target load for low-capacity area small.

The recommended values are as below:

The uplink target load ranges from 30% to 60%.

The downlink target load ranges from 40% to 75%.

Area Coverage ProbabilityThe area coverage probability can be converted to edge coverage probability. The U-net RND3.0 integrated a small tool for calculating edge coverage probability with area coverage

probability. The method is as blow:

Step 1 Select Tool-Calculate coverage probability.

Step 2 Input the following parameters:

Area coverage probability Path loss slope Standard deviation of slow fading

Step 3 The U-Net RND2.0 then displays the edge coverage probability, as shown in Figure 3-4.

Figure 3-4 Converting area coverage probability to edge coverage probability

Sometimes, the operator provides the edge coverage probability, so you can also obtain thearea coverage probability.

The area coverage probability affects the result of link budget. If it is over large, the cellradius according to dimensioning will be over small. Contrarily the cell radius according todimensioning will be over large.





Table 3-1 lists the recommended value range.

Table 3-1 Recommended value range

Target service Recommended Value RangeVoice 92% – 98%

VP 90% – 95%

PS64K 92% – 98%

PS128K 90% – 95%

PS384K 75% – 85%

----End

Coverage Area (km 2)The coverage area is planned by the operator. If a Mapinfo map is available, you can collectstatistics of the square of planned area with the Mapinfo tool.

Number of UsersThe user number is the total number of subscribers in planning, provided by the operator.

Dimensioning MarginThe dimensioning is based on ideal conditions, so the dimensioning result differs from theactual conditions with a margin, such as 15%. Therefore, the actual number of NodeBs equalsto the dimensioning number of NodeBs multiplied by (1 + 15%).

The recommended value is between 0 to 20%.

Max TCH Transmit PowerThe maximum TCH transmit power affects the coverage downlink service coverage. Differentservices have different coding schemes, transmission rates, and demodulation thresholds, soyou shall allocate reasonable power for various services.

Table 3-2 lists the maximum transmit power for radio link (relative pilot power).

Table 3-2 Maximum transmit power for radio link

Bearer Type Maximum Transmit Power for Radio Link (Relative Pilot Power)

AMR12.2k -3 to 1

CS64k +1 to +3

PS64k -2 to 0

PS128k 0 to +2





Bearer Type Maximum Transmit Power for Radio Link (Relative Pilot Power)

PS384k +2 to +4

Input the absolute value for Max TCH transmit power in U-Net RND2.0. The absolute value equals tothe sum of pilot power and the offset of relative pilot power)

NodeB Antenna HeightThe height of NodeB antenna depends on the local environment. In dense urban and urbanareas, the NodeB antenna shall be 3 – 5 meters higher than the average height of local

buildings. In suburban and rural areas, a tower antenna may be used. Determine the height ofthe tower for 3G network according to the local towers in the existing network.

Number of Carriers per SectorThe operator provides the maximum number of available carriers per sector.

Indoor User RatioThe indoor user ratio affects the capacity. The path loss for indoor subscribers is large, soindoor subscribers consume high power. As a result, the downlink capacity decreases. Set theindoor user ratio according to actual conditions.


In dense urban areas, the economy is developed, the buildings are densely located, andthere are abundant tall buildings. The data service takes a large proportion. The indooruser ratio is large, about 30% to 70%.

In suburban and rural areas, the economy is developing, the buildings are sparselylocated, and most of them are low. The indoor user ratio is small, about 10% to 30%.

In urban areas, the indoor user ratio is 20% to 40%.

Traffic ParametersThe traffic parameters include the traffic per subscriber for various services.

For CS services, the traffic is measured in Erlang. For voice service, the traffic per subscriber

in busy hour is usually 0.025 Erl. For VP service, the traffic per subscriber in busy hour isusually 0.0025 Erl. The accurate value depends on local factors, such as:

Consumption behaviors Living behaviors Charging by the operator

For PS services, you shall know the throughput per subscriber in busy hour. In addition, youshall calculate the ratio of throughput per subscriber in busy hour for different bearers. Theoperator usually provides the throughput per subscriber, and Huawei can provide the defaultratio of different bearers. Determine the final ratio of different bearers with the operator.

The traffic per subscriber shall be reasonable. If it is over heavy, the number of NodeBsaccording to dimensioning will be over large and the cell radius will be over small. Contrarily,





if the traffic per subscriber is over low, the number of NodeBs according to dimensioning will be over small and network expansion will be soon.


For voice service, the traffic per subscriber is usually 0.01 –

0.05 Erl. For VP service, the traffic per subscriber is 0.001 – 0.005 Erl. For PS services, the throughput per subscriber in busy hour is 10 – 100 Kbyte.

GoSGoS refers to congestion probability, usually 2%.

The recommended GoS is 2% and its reasonable range is 1% to 5%.

3.1.3 Dimensioning ProcessThe network dimensioning proceeds as below:

Step 1 Adjust the number of carriers per sector or cell radius

Step 2 Determine the cell radius and uplink/downlink load when the cell coverage and capacity are balanced.

Step 3 Perform dimensioning of the minimum number of NodeBs and NodeB configuration

Step 4 Output the dimensioning result.

----End

The result output from radio network iteration dimensioning includes: Cell radius Cell square Minimum number of NodeBs Number of carriers per sector Cell downlink load Cell uplink load Number of subscribers covered by cell Uplink capacity per sector

Downlink capacity per sector

For the method of radio network iteration dimensioning, see the appendix 7.1 .

3.1.4 Output of DimensioningThe output result includes two parts:

Result of coverage dimensioning Result of network dimensioning

The result of coverage dimensioning includes the number of NodeB, CE configuration, andIub bandwidth, which are based on cell radius according to link budget. The result just





considers coverage but not capacity, so it serves for reference only but not as the final outputresult.

The result of network dimensioning considers both coverage and capacity. It is by adjustingthe number of carriers in the cell and cell radius by iteration dimensioning when the coverageand capacity are balanced. The result of network dimensioning is the final result.

The output content for the result of coverage dimensioning and the result of networkdimensioning are the same.

The following paragraphs analyze the result output from network dimensioning.

Figure 3-5 Result output from R99 network dimensioning (1)







The following sections describe some important parameters.

Cell Radius (km)It is the cell radius according to dimensioning.

Coverage Area (NodeB km2)It is the area covered by NodeB. For a 3-sector NodeB, its square equals to 9/8 * sqrt (3) * r *r. The r is the cell radius.

Actual Load (UL)It is the actual uplink load, not necessarily equal to target load.

Actual Load (DL)It is the actual downlink load, not necessarily equal to target load.

Number of User in Cell CoverageIt is the coverage area multiplied by subscriber density.

Number of Users at UL Target Load (Cell)It is the number of subscribers supported by the cell in uplink. It is from dimensioningaccording to uplink target load.

Number of Users at DL Target Load (Cell)It is the number of subscribers supported by the cell in downlink. It is from dimensioningaccording to downlink target load.

Number of Current Actual Users (Cell)

It is the number of subscribers in the cell according to current actual load.







On the BTS3812E, the HBBI, HULP, and HDLP board have the function of channel processing. The HBBI interface board can process 128 CEs in uplink and 256 CEs indownlink. The HULP board supports 128 CEs. The HDLP board supports 512 CEs.

For example, the number of CEs (UL) is 192 and the number of CEs (DL) is 300, so you needan HBBI, an HULP, and an HDLP.

NodeB Iub Interface Throughput (kbit/s)It is the Iub throughput of a NodeB. The Iub throughput includes the throughput at control

plane and subscriber plane. For the process of dimensioning Iub throughput, see the 7.2 .

Number of E1It is the number of E1s required by NodeB. Its dimensioning is based on NodeB Iubthroughput. An E1 link can support 2 Mbps in uplink and downlink. If the NodeB Iubthroughput is 5 Mbps, you need 3 E1s.

3.2 R5 Network DimensioningThe R5 network supports HSDPA/HSUPA and R99 services like voice service and VP service.The HSDPA services are carried by DCH. In addition, some realtime streaming services may

be carried by DCH. Therefore, to plan an R5 network, you need consider not only thecoverage and capacity of R99 services, but also the coverage and capacity of HSDPA/HSUPAservices.





3.2.1 Input Parameters for DimensioningFigure 3-8 show the input parameters for R5 network dimensioning.

Figure 3-8 Input parameters for R5 network dimensioning





As seen from Figure 3-8, a large number of parameters of R5 network are the same as thoseof R99 network. The HSDPA/HSUPA is introduced, so some new parameters are used, aslisted in Table 3-3.

Table 3-3 Parameters and their description of R5 network

Parameter Description

HSDPA/HSUPAnetworking mode

HSDPA/HSUPA networking modes include independentnetworking and hybrid networking

HSUPA supported Whether HSUPA is supported

Total load of cell uplink Cell uplink total load (The uplink load can reach 75%.)

Total load of celldownlink

Cell downlink total load (the NodeB can perform fastscheduling over HSDPA, so the downlink load can reach 90%)

Max number ofHSDPA/HSUPA carriers

The maximum available carriers. In hybrid networking, thevalue cannot be modified. It is the same as that of R99network.

HSDPA powerallocation ratio

The ratio of the power (including HS-PDSCH and HS-SCCH)allocated to HSDPA to the maximum transmit power of

NodeB. In share network, the value cannot be modified. TheRND tool automatically calculates the value by deductingactual R99 load from total downlink load.

HSUPA cell load Load of the HSUPA cell, valid in independent networking. Youcan enter the maximum cell load of HSUPA service.

HS-SCCH powerallocation ratio

The ratio of the power allocated to HS-SCCH to the maximumtransmit power of NodeB. According to dimensioning result,the HS-SCCH power allocation ratio is usually 5%.

HSDPA code resource The number of codes with 16 as SF allocated to HS-PDSCH. Itranges from 1 to 15. It depends on the HSDPA throughput. Ifthe HSDPA throughput is heavy, the HSDPA code resourceshould be large. Otherwise, it should be small.

HSDPA schedulingalgorithm

The HSDPA scheduling algorithm. It is PF or RR.

HSDPA (kbit) The HSDPA throughput per subscriber in busy hour

HSDPA burst margin Burst rate of HSDPA data service. It simulates the increment ofHSDPA data services in a cell.

HSDPA DCCH activefactor

Active factor for transmitting associated signaling on the Iubinterface

HSDPA BLER Used to set block error rate of HSDPA

HSUPA BLER Used to set block error rate of HSUPA

TTI of HSUPA (ms) Used to set TTI of HSUPA. It can be 2 ms or 10 ms.

Average number of

HSUPA links

Number of the connected subscribers of HSUPA concurrently





Parameter Description

Max number of HSUPAlinks

Maximum number of HSUPA subscribers

Number of HSDPA usersfor simultaneousscheduling

Number of HSDPA subscribers scheduled simultaneously

3.2.2 Analyzing Input ParametersHow to determine reasonable parameters affects the result of network dimensioning much.The following sections analyze the parameters and values.

HSDPA/HSUPA Networking ModeTable 3-4 HSDPA/HSUPA networking

Networking Mode Meaning Description

Hybrid networking R99 services andHSDPA/HSUPA servicesshare all carrier frequencies.

The settings of some parametersvary with specific networkingmodes. The parameters in grey areunavailable.

Independentnetworking

R99 service andHSDPA/HSUPA service usedifferent carrier frequencies.

The HSDPA/HSUPA networking mode is usually hybrid networking. If an area is developedin economy, the HSDPA/HSUPA throughput is heavy, and the operator has enough frequencyresource, the operator can use separate network.

HSUPA SupportedYou can select whether to dimension HSUPA capacity. If yes, you need to configure relatedHSUPA dimensioning parameters; otherwise you do not need to configure them.

Continuous Coverage ServicesFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

NodeB DiversityFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Sector TypeFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.





Channel ModelFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Propagation ModelFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

EnvironmentFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

TMA UsedFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

R99 Cell LoadFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Total Load of Cell UplinkIf the HSUPA capacity dimensioning is used and the operator uses HSDPA/HSUPAindependent networking, you cannot configure total load of the cell in the uplink. When theoperator uses HSDPA/HSUPA hybrid networking, you can configure the parameter todetermine the total load of R99 uplink services and HSUPA services.

After HSUPA is introduced, the network can work stably under a higher uplink load.

Generally, the uplink load of HSUPA network can reach 75%. At the early stage of networkconstruction, or when the uplink coverage is limited, the load can be low, not necessarilyconfigured to 75%.

Total Load of Cell DownlinkWhen the operator uses HSDPA independent networking, you cannot configure the celldownlink total load. When the operator uses HSDPA hybrid networking, you can configurethe cell downlink total load.

The HSDPA network can use the power remaining after R99's power consumption. Accordingto the dimensioning result, the downlink load can reach 90%. The downlink power shall notexceed 90%, otherwise, the NodeB will have inadequate power due to fast power control forR99 service and the QoS will decline.

Configure the cell downlink total load according to the throughput. At the early stage afternetwork construction, the load can be low, not necessarily configured to 90%.

Area Coverage ProbabilitySee Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Coverage Area (km2)See Input Parameters for Dimensioning.





Number of UsersSee Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Dimensioning MarginSee Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Max. TCH Transmit Power (dBm)See Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

NodeB Antenna Height (m)See Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Number of Carriers per SectorFor hybrid networking, this parameter does not take effect. For separate networking, this

parameter functions the same as in R99 network. See Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Max. Number of HSDPA/HSUPA CarriersThis parameter is effective only in independent networking:

If the network iteration mode is Adjust the cell radius , this parameter refers to thenumber of carriers used in the HSDPA and HSUPA services.

If the network iteration mode is Adjust Carrier > Cell Radius , this parameter refers to

the maximum number of the carriers of the HSDPA and HSUPA services.

The sum of this parameter and the number of carriers per sector must be smaller than themaximum number of carriers per sector.

HSDPA Power AllocationPower allocated to HSDPA. When the operator uses HSDPA independent networking, you canconfigure the HSDPA power allocation. When the operator uses HSDPA hybrid networking,you cannot configure the HSDPA power allocation. The available HSDPA load equals to totalload minus R99 load.

HSUPA Cell LoadWhen the operator uses HSUPA independent networking, you can enter configure themaximum cell load of HSUPA. When the operator uses HSUPA hybrid networking, youcannot configure the maximum cell load of HSUPA.

HS-SCCH Power Allocation RatioPower allocated to HS-SCCH. According to simulation results, when the ratio of powerallocated to an HS-SCCH is 5%, the HS-SCCH can cover the same area as pilot channel(PICH). Multiple HS-SCCHs consume more power. To save power and make schedule lesscomplex, use an HS-SCCH as recommended and the ratio is 5%. If the network uses two

HS-SCCHs, the power should be 10%.





HSDPA Code ResourceThe HSDPA code resource referred here is the number of the codes with 16 as SF occupied byHS-PDSCH. In share network mode, determine the HSDPA code resource according to

HSDPA throughput. If the HSDPA traffic is heavy while the R99 traffic is low, allocate 10codes to HSDPA network. Otherwise, allocate 5 codes to HSDPA network. In independentnetworking mode, you do not need to allocate codes. The HSDPA network can use 15 codesat most.

You can set the number of codes available for HSDPA. It ranges from 1 to 15.

HSDPA Scheduling AlgorithmThe HSDPA network has three scheduling algorithms as below:

MaxC/I. The MaxC/I algorithm sorts subscribers for scheduling by their channelenvironment. Those subscribers with good channel environment can transfer their data

with high priority and enjoy a large probability of being scheduled. Contrarily, thosesubscribers with bad channel environment have a small probability of being scheduled.The MaxC/I algorithm enables the maximum throughput of cells but the traffic is notevenly distributed among the subscribers.

RR. The RR algorithm uses a round robin method, so the traffic can be evenlydistributed among the subscribers, but the throughput rate of cells is low.

PF. The PF algorithm is a compromise of RR and MaxC/I algorithm. It considers thefollowing factors:− Channel environment of subscribers− Priority of queue− Length of queue− Waiting time for subscribers

The PF algorithm weights the previous factors, and then decides the sequence ofscheduling.

If you use MaxC/I algorithm, the fairness to subscribers is bad. The subscribers with goodchannel environment obtain a high rate while those with bad channel environment obtain alow rate. As a result, actual networks seldom use this algorithm. The RND tool supports PFand RR algorithms only. You can choose PF algorithm in normal conditions. If the operatorrequires using RR algorithm, you can choose RR algorithm.

Indoor user ratioSee Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

HSDPA Burst MarginBurst rate of HSDPA service data. It simulates the increment of HSDPA data services in a cell.

HSDPA DCCH Active FactorActive factor for transmitting associated signaling at the Iub interface. It is set to 0.035.





HSDPA BLERBlock error rate of HSDPA, usually 10%, namely, 0.1.

HSUPA BLERBlock error rate of HSUPA, usually 30%.

TTI of HSUPA (s)HSUPA supports two TTIs, 2 ms or 10 ms.

Average number of HSUPA linksConcurrent subscribers of HSUPA, used to calculate load of uplink association channels. It isequal to the result of average throughput rate of HSUPA subscribers divided by average

throughput rate for single users.

Number of HSDPA users for simultaneous scheduling Number of HSDPA subscribers scheduled simultaneously, that is, the number of HS-SCCHs.

3.2.3 Dimensioning ProcessThe R5 network dimensioning proceeds as below:

Step 1 Calculate the maximum cell radius in link budget according to the following factors:

Preset cell load Coverage requirement for target services

Step 2 Perform network dimensioning.

For downlink, allocate power resource and code resource for R99 and HSDPA networksaccording to the ratio of their services.

Step 3 When the coverage and capacity are balanced, calculate the cell radius by R99 networkdimensioning iteration process.

Step 4 Perform capacity dimensioning for HSDPA network according to the following factors:

Cell radius

HSDPA power resource HSDPA code resource

Compare the throughput supported by the HSDPA network and the actual throughput of cells.If the former is lower than the latter, the resources allocated to HSDPA shall be inadequate, soyou can spare some R99 resources to HSDPA network. After this, compare them again andspare their resources again until the HSDPA resources can meet the requirements fromHSDPA services.

For uplink, obtain the average throughput rate of cell HSUPA based on actual HSUPA load(Actual HSUPA load = Total uplink target load – HS-DPCCH uplink load – HSUPAassociation DPCH load). If the average throughput rate of cell HSUPA is less than HSUPAtarget throughput rate, you need to increase HSUPA load to re-perform dimensioning





----End

3.2.4 Dimensioning OutputFigure 3-9 shows the output result of R5 network dimensioning.

Figure 3-9 Output result of R5 network dimensioning

The following sections describe the output parameters.

HSDPA/HSUPA Networking ModeThere are hybrid networking and independent networking. The mode depends on the inputinformation.

Sector TypeThe sector type depends on the input information.

Coverage Area (km 2)The planned total coverage area depends on the input information.





Number of UsersThe total number of planned subscribers depends on the input information.

User DensityThe user density equals to total number of planned subscribers divided by total planning area.

Cell Radius (km)The cell radius is obtainable from dimensioning.

HSDPA Cell Actual Throughput (kbps)Perform dimensioning of the HSDPA throughput rate supported by the cell according to thecode resource and power resource actually allocated to HSDPA network.

HSDPA Cell Target Throughput (kbps)Calculate the number of subscribers in the cell according to the area of cell. Calculate thetarget HSDPA throughput rate of cell according to HSDPA throughput rate per subscriber.

The HSDPA cell actual throughput shall be at least equal to HSDPA cell target throughput. Otherwise,allocate more power for HSDPA network (in hybrid networking mode, you cannot directly modify theHSDPA power but reduce the downlink power of R99 network to increase HSDPA power) to increaseHSDPA cell actual throughput.

HSUPA Cell Actual Throughput (kbps)It is obtained according to load used by HSUPA in the current cell.

HSUPA Cell Target Throughput (kbps)It is obtained according to the number of HSUPA subscribers and amount of service persubscriber

HSDPA Actual Power Allocation RatioIt is the actual power allocated to HSDPA network. In hybrid networking mode, the powerallocated to HSDPA network equals to the total power minus the actual power used by R99network. In independent networking mode, the operator inputs the power.

Power Required for HSDPA Target ThroughputIt is obtained according to HSDPA cell target throughput rate. It is the power to meet thetarget throughput. If it is larger than actual power allocation ratio, the HSDPA power is toolow to support the current HSDPA service. As a result, you need to reduce the R99 power toincrease the HSDPA power, and then perform dimensioning again.

Power Required for HSUPA Target ThroughputIt is obtained according to HSUPA cell target throughput rate.







3.3.1 Input Parameters for Dimensioning

Figure 3-10 Input parameter for dimensioning for upgrading from R99 to HSDPA (1)

3.3.2 Analyzing Input ParametersHow to obtain reasonable parameters is important. The following paragraphs analyze the

parameters.

HSDPA/HSUPA Networking ModeThere are hybrid networking and independent networking. In hybrid networking, the HSDPAshare frequencies with R99 network, so you shall focus on the impact from HSDPA networkto R99 network. Abundant PS services of R99 network transit to HSDPA network, so thedownlink load of cell may increase and the coverage and capacity of R99 network may beaffected. In independent networking, you need to use new frequencies and to consider the

HSDPA performance based on the original R99 network.





HSUPA SupportedIt indicates whether to dimension HSUPA capacity. If yes, you need to configure related

parameters for HSUPA dimensioning.

Sector TypeFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Channel ModelFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

EnvironmentFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Propagation ModelFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

R99 Area Coverage ProbabilityIt is the original area coverage probability of R99 network. It changes after the HSDPA isintroduced.

Coverage Area (km 2)

For it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Number of UserFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

NodeB Antenna Height (m)For it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

Indoor User RatioFor it, see Input Parameters for Dimensioning.

R99 Cell Radius (km)It is the planning radius of R99 cell. The R5 network uses R99 sites upon upgrade from R99to R5, so the cell radius remains the same in network dimensioning.

R99 Cell LoadWhen the operator uses hybrid networking mode, you can enter actual uplink/downlink loadof R99 network. It is the power load for R99 service, including that for CCH. It depends on

the traffic of R99 network.





Number of R99 Actual CarriersWhen the operator uses the hybrid networking mode, you can enter the number of carriersused in the existing R99 network. The calculation result is equal to the actual number of

carriers used by HSDPA/HSUPA.

Max Number of HSDPA/HSUPA CarriersIt is the maximum number of carriers available, provided by the operator.

When the operator uses independent networking mode, this parameter refers to the maximumnumber of carriers that HSDPA/HSUPA can use. In this mode, the network iteration mode iscarrier adjustment.

HSDPA Power Allocation RatioFor it, see

Analyzing Input Parameters.

HS-SCCH Power Allocation RatioFor it, see


HSDPA Code ResourceFor it, see


Max HSDPA Code ResourceFor it, see


For HSDPA/HSUPA (R5 network construction) dimensioning, use software to confirm thecode resources used by R99 service by calculating R99 traffic flow, thus to confirm availablecode resources of HSDPA. In HSDPA/HSUPA (R99 network upgrading) dimensioning,subscribers must confirm the maximum code resource available for HSDPA because the code

resources used by R99 network are not included.

HSDPA Scheduling AlgorithmFor it, see


HSDPA burst margin

See section 3.2.2 "Analyzing Input Parameters. " HSDPA DCCH active factor

See section 3.2.2 "Analyzing Input Parameters. "

HSDPA BLER





See section 3.2.2 "Analyzing Input Parameters. " HSUPA BLER


TTI of HSUPA (ms)See section 3.2.2 "Analyzing Input Parameters. "

Average number of HSUPA links

See section 3.2.2 "Analyzing Input Parameters. " Max. number of HSUPA links

See section 3.2.2 "Analyzing Input Parameters. " Number of HSDPA users for simultaneous scheduling


3.3.3 Dimensioning ProcessWhen the R99 network is upgraded to HSDPA network, the cell radius remains the same.Dimension coverage probability of R99 network according to the target load and traffic ofR99 network. Dimension average rate and edge rate of HSDPA network supported by eachcell according to the available power resource and code resource of HSDPA network.Dimension average HSUPA throughput rate and edge rate according to HSUPA uplink load.





3.3.4 Dimensioning Output

Figure 3-11 Result for network dimensioning for upgrading from R99 to R5

The following paragraphs analyze some important output parameters.

HSDPA Cell Actual Throughput (kbps)Perform dimensioning of HSDPA throughput supported by the cell according to the actual

power resource and code resource allocated to HSDPA network.

HSDPA Cell Target Throughput (kbps)Calculate the HSDPA cell target throughput according to the number of subscribers in the celland the HSDPA throughput per subscriber. If the HSDPA cell actual throughput is lower thanthe HSDPA cell target throughput, the current HSDPA configuration shall have failed to meetthe requirement from HSDPA services. You can reduce the R99 load to improve HSDPAtarget load and to increase HSDPA throughput.





If you reduce R99 load, the R99 performance will decline. To ensure the coverage and capacity of R99network, you cannot reduce R99 load too much. When the HSDPA configuration still fails to meet theHSDPA capacity, you should discuss with the operator about lowering the expected capacity of HSDPAnetwork.

HSUPA cell actual throughput(kbps)It is obtained according to the load used by HSUPA in the current cell.

HSUPA cell target throughput(kbps)It is obtained from the number of HSUPA subscribers and service amount per single user.

HSDPA Actual Cell Edge Throughput (kbps)

It is the HSDPA throughput at cell edge. It is a weighting factor for HSDPA performance.

Number of HSDPA/HSUPA actual carriersWhen the operator uses hybrid networking mode, this parameter refers to the number ofcarriers used by the R99 network.

When the operator uses independent networking mode, this parameter refers to the number ofcarriers needed for iterating HSDPA target throughput rate. This parameter is the same as thenumber of HSDPA suggested carriers and limited by the maximum number ofHSDPA/HSUPA carriers.

Number of HSDPA suggested carriersIt is obtained according to traffic load.

When the operator uses hybrid networking mode, this parameter refers to the number ofcarriers for satisfying traffic load demands in the current cell. Its maximum number is limited

by the maximum number of carriers per sector.

When the operator uses independent networking mode, this parameter refers to the number ofcarriers used by the current HSDPA service. Its maximum number is limited by the maximumnumber of HSDPA/HSUPA carriers.

R99 DL Area Coverage Probability Before HSDPA introductionIt is the R99 downlink area coverage probability before introduction of HSDPA.

R99DL Area Coverage Probability After HSDPA introductionIt is the R99 downlink area coverage probability after introduction of HSDPA. In hybridnetworking, compared with R99 network, the utilization of downlink power increases, thenetwork capacity increases, but the downlink interference increases. As a result, the areacoverage probability declines.

R99 UL area coverage probability before HSUPA introduction

It is the R99 downlink area coverage probability before introduction of HSUPA.





R99 DL area coverage probability after HSUPA introductionIt is the R99 downlink area coverage probability after introduction of HSUPA. Comparing theload after HSUPA introduction with that before HSUPA introduction, you can obtain the R99

area coverage probability after HSUPA introduction.

HSDPA/HSUPA Iub Interface Throughput (kbps)When the R99 network is upgraded to R5 network, the Iub bandwidth will change. You shall

judge whether to add E1s.





4 Evaluating Rationality of RND Result

After network dimensioning is complete, you need to analyze the dimensioning result. The

input conditions are various, so it is difficult to judge whether the dimensioning result isaccurate. You can only judge whether the dimensioning result is within a reasonable range.The following sections provide some simple judging methods for some important outputinformation.

4.1 Cell RadiusThe cell radius is from the dimensioning in consideration of coverage and capacity. It dependson many factors, such as:

Continuous coverage service Coverage probability Propagation model

If the previous factors are different, the cell radius according to dimensioning will bedifferent.

Table 4-1 lists the cell radius range in different scenarios.

Table 4-1 Cell radius range in different scenarios

Scenario Cell Radius Range (for Reference Only) (m)

Dense urban 300 –

500Urban 500 – 700

Suburban 1500 – 2000

Rural 3000 – 8000

Highway 4000 – 8000





4.2 Current Actual User Number (Cell)The current actual user number (cell) depends on many factors like service model and targetload. Assume that:

The subscribers in the network are all voice subscribers. The traffic per subscriber is 0.02 Erl. A cell supports about 55 voice subscribers simultaneously.

The cell can support 1100 subscribers. In a commercial 3G network, there are AMR serviceand data services. The rate for data services is high, so they occupy more resources. As aresult, the number of subscribers supported by a cell is usually between 150 and 1100.

4.3 HSDPA Cell Actual Throughput (kbps)The HSDPA cell actual throughput is relevant to channel type, code resource, and powerresource. It is usually 500 kbps to 1.5 Mbps for outdoor macro cells. It is usually 2 Mbps to 8Mbps.

4.4 HSDPA Cell Edge Throughput (kbps)According to simulation result, the HSDPA cell edge throughput is 200 kbps to 500 kbps.





5 Analyzing Case

This chapter is based on the network dimensioning in the E project in J country. At the

beginning, the operator states the requests unclearly with unreasonable input information, sothe network dimensioning is repeated for three times. The first three network dimensioningsare faulty. The following paragraphs analyze the network dimensioning.

5.1 First Dimensioning

Figure 5-1 Dimensioning information from the operator





According to previous information, with some assumed conditions, a traffic model forms asshown in Figure 5-2.

Figure 5-2 Traffic model for the first dimensioning for the E project in J country

The NodeB is in a 3-sector configuration. Figure 5-3 shows the result of first dimensioning.

Figure 5-3 Result of first dimensioning

According to the result, in dense urban area, the coverage is restricted; uplink/downlink actualload is low. As a result, the number of sites according to dimensioning exceeds 21,000 and the





number of subscribers supported by the network exceeds the number of subscribers expected by the operator. The capital expenditure is high.

Later, in the dense urban area, the NodeB is in 6-sector configuration.

Figure 5-4 Dimensioning result with 6-sector

Summarize on the first dimensioning as below:

If you use 6-sector NodeB in dense urban area, the coverage range will be wide and youmay use fewer sites, but the network interference is difficult to control. In addition, thecompetitors in the industry seldom construct a network like this because the risk of thisscheme is high.

Engineers failed to know the operator's requests clearly and the continuous coverageservice. Whether the throughput per subscriber 20 kbps is for PS services or all servicesshall be confirmed with the operator.

5.2 Second DimensioningAfter the marketing engineers communicated with the operator, the operator provides newinformation as below:

The operator requires providing consistent service in all areas, so the PS384K serviceshall cover dense urban, urban, suburban, and rural areas.

The 20 kbps is an average rate. It includes the AMR and data (including HSDPA) rates.For AMR service, a subscriber is supposed to have 160-minitue conversation onaverage.

The network shall support HSDPA. With the HSDPA throughput included, the totalthroughput is 20 kbps. Huawei engineers can assume a ratio of HSPDA throughput.

Huawei has given up 6-sector configuration, and the 2-carrier configuration is beingconsidered.





The dimensioning result is required to be available in the afternoon.

According to the information supplemented by the operator, the traffic model is modified, asshown in Figure 5-5.

Figure 5-5 Traffic model for the second dimensioning in the E project in J country

Figure 5-6 Result of second dimensioning in the E project in J country

Summary to second dimensioning

Compared with the first dimensioning, the second one has clearer requests from the operator.The throughput per subscriber 20 kbps includes the AMR and HSDPA throughput. Theoperator requires realizing PS 384 kbps continuous coverage in dense urban, urban, suburban,





and rural area. The radio of uplink throughput to downlink throughput for the first and seconddimensioning are different: the first ratio is 7:13 and the second ratio is 1:4.

In the first dimensioning, TMAs are used in suburban area. In the second dimensioning, noTMAs are used in all the scenarios.

In the first dimensioning, the target area coverage probability for the three scenarios isrespectively 95%, 92%, and 90%. In the second dimensioning, they are respectively 92%,90%, and 85%.

Give up the 6-sector scheme but use the 3-sector scheme.

There are some problems in the second dimensioning:

The operator requires realizing PS 384 kbps continuous coverage in suburban and ruralarea. As a result, the coverage radius in these areas is small, which is unreasonable.

The operator does not accept the traffic model. You shall communicate with the operatoron the ratio of HSDPA subscribers and the ratio of throughput per subscriber on different

bearers.

5.3 Third DimensioningAfter communication with the operator by the marketing engineers, the requests change andthe assumptions are as below:

There are 4 million subscribers, 1 million data card users. There are 4 million CSsubscribers, 4 million PS subscribers, and 0.8 million HSDPA subscribers.

The average S throughput per subscriber is 0.1/0.4 kbps (UL/DL) . The radio of PS

services is 70% for 64 kbps service, 20% for 128 kbps service, and 10% for 384 kbpsservice. The HSDPA throughput per subscriber is 2.0 kbps (DL). The dense urban area supports

HSDPA. The dense urban area is covered by 384 kbps continuous coverage service. The urban

area is covered by 128 kbps continuous coverage service. The suburban area is covered by 64 kbps continuous coverage service. Provide the coverage probability of 384 kbpsservice in three scenarios.

The coverage area, subscriber distribution, and CS traffic model are the same as before. Provide the result of RNP dimensioning in the afternoon.





According to the operator's request, the new traffic model is as shown in Figure 5-7.

Figure 5-7 Traffic model in the third dimensioning

Figure 5-8 Result of third dimensioning in the E project in J country

The summary to the third dimensioning:

After being guided, the operator has realized the traffic required previously is unreasonable,so the third dimensioning modifies the traffic model, which becomes more specific.

The operator has also realized that covering the three scenarios by continuous PS 384 kbpsservice is lack of consideration. No continuous PS 384 kbps service does not necessarilymean failure in supporting PS 384 kbps service.





There are some problems in the third dimensioning. May defaults values for parameters areused. For example, the traffic for AMR in busy hour is 0.02 Erl and the traffic for VP in busyhour is 0.001 Erl by default. After communicating with the operator, engineers found that theoperator did not accept the values.

5.4 Fourth DimensioningAfter communication with the operator by the marketing engineers, the requests change andthe assumptions are as below:

Coverage area− Quotation follows the model 1.− Area: 92,000 km2− Population: 120,000,000− Assumed subscribers: 5,000,000− Population coverage probability: 95%

Assume the average traffic in busy hour is:− Data communication: 0.6 kbps in uplink and 4.2 kbps in downlink− Voice: 8 merl− VP: 1 merl

Available frequency− 0 – 3.5 million subscribers: 1 carrier− 3.5 – 5 million subscribers: 2 carriers−

Complete the dimensioning scheme of 1 carrier for 3.5 million subscribers and thedimensioning scheme of 2 carriers for 5 million subscribers.

Indoor base station− Within J country, about 5,000 base stations are needed to cover commercial buildings,

office buildings, shopping centers, commercial streets underground, subway, andtunnels.

Outdoor base station− Calculate the number of base stations matching the previous traffic and coverage

range. In addition, calculate the number of base stations to solve all communication problems (such as new buildings). Calculate them respectively according to theHuawei cases and experience.

− In addition, the previous scenarios do not include recreational spots like airports, golfcourses, and ski run, so calculate the number of required NodeBs according to

previous cases.





According to the new input information, the traffic model is changed as shown in Figure 5-9.

Figure 5-9 Traffic model of fourth dimensioning in the E project in J country

Figure 5-10 Result of fourth dimensioning

Summary to the fourth dimensioning:

In the fourth dimensioning, the input information complies more with the conditions of Jcountry: the AMR traffic drops, CS64k traffic increases, the rates for data service is 0.6 kbpsin uplink and 4.2 kbps in downlink.

In addition, Huawei engineers configure HSDPA bearer rate to 3 kbps in downlink, close tothe actual situation. The average throughput for different scenarios is different and that for





suburban area is the lowest. The average throughput for the three scenarios meets theoperator's request, more compliable with actual conditions.

5.5 Case SummaryIn the whole process of the case,

The operator's requests in the first two dimensionings are unreasonable, becausecovering dense urban, urban, and suburban areas with continuous 384 kbps service isexpensive and improper. If you encounter these problems, you had better guide tooperator for more reasonable requests.

You shall know the operator's requests clearly. For example, the throughput persubscriber is 20 kbps, which is easy to be misunderstood. Huawei engineers regard it asthe throughput of PS services, but the 20 kbps even includes AMR and HSDPAthroughput. As a result, if you fail to understand the operator's requests, the operator willnot accept the dimensioning result.





6 Summary

This document introduces the fundamental principium of RND, analyzes the input parameters,whole process, and output result of dimensioning. It helps engineers design a low-costnetwork complying with the operator's requirements on capacity, coverage, and quality bynetwork dimensioning.

The RND result directly affects the capital expenditure by the operator and greatly affects the bidding result, so its importance is obvious. To output a better RND result, you shall focus onthe following two points:

Understand the operator's requests and obtain reasonable and proper input information ofdimensioning.

The operator makes the objectives of network construction, so you shall understand theoperator's requests. The input information shall be reasonable and the value shall be

within the reasonable range; otherwise, the dimensioning result will be unacceptable.When the input information is unreasonable, you shall communicate with the operator to persuade the operator to use reasonable parameters.

In different countries and regions, the economy, living behaviors, and consumption power are different, so the input information of dimensioning shall comply with the localconditions. This helps accept the RND result by the operator. The operator must have agood command of the local conditions, so you shall communicate more with thecustomer for more proper information.

Review the dimensioning result and ensure its reasonability

The RND is fairly complex actually, relevant to a large number of factors. If thedimensioning result is unreasonable, check and analyze the input parameters whetherthey are reasonable, and then perform dimensioning again.





7 Appendix

7.1 Basic Process for Network Dimensioning

Figure 7-1 Flow for network dimensioning

There are two dimensioning methods as below:

Adjust cell radius Adjust carriers before adjusting cell radius

The previous two dimensioning methods differ in whether to use adequate carriers fordimensioning at the early stage of network construction.

The first method uses a small number of sites, so the capital expenditure is low. However,when it is necessary to add NodeBs for expansion at the late stage, the workload will beheavy.

The second method is high in capital expenditure, but it is convenient to add carriers forexpansion at the late stage.

According to the operator's requirements, choose the proper dimensioning method. Thefollowing paragraphs describe the process of radio network iteration dimensioning.





7.1.2 Adjusting Cell RadiusThe number of carriers per sector equals to the input number of carriers. Adjust the cell radiusas below:

Step 1 Calculate the cell radius by link budget according to the uplink and downlink cell load andcoverage probability of target service.

Step 2 Calculate the number (if a sector has multiple carriers, these carriers will average the numberof carriers) of subscribers covered by cell according to cell radius.

Step 3 Calculate the uplink and downlink capacity supported by the cell. Compare the number ofsubscribers covered by cell with uplink and downlink capacity. If the number of subscriberscovered by cell is smaller than the smaller one of uplink capacity of cell and downlinkcapacity of cell, the network iteration is complete and the dimensioning result is output (thecoverage is restricted, so iteration dimensioning is unnecessary); otherwise, perform networkiteration dimensioning.

Step 4 If you reduce the cell radius gradually, and the downlink capacity will increase gradually(because the average downlink coupling loss drops), and the number of subscribers covered

by cell will increase.

Step 5 After reducing the cell radius at a time, perform dimensioning of the number of coveredsubscribers and uplink and downlink capacity of cell. Clarify the relation between uplink anddownlink capacity and the number of covered subscribers. When the coverage and capacityare balanced (there must be a balance point), the network iteration dimensioning ends and thedimensioning result is output.

----End

7.1.3 Adjusting Carriers Before Adjusting Cell RadiusAdjust carriers before adjusting cell radius as below:

Step 1 Configure the number of carriers per sector to 1 as the initial value.

Step 2 Calculate the cell radius by link budget according to the uplink and downlink cell load andcoverage probability of target service.

Step 3 Calculate the number of subscribers covered by cell according to cell radius.

Step 4 Calculate the uplink and downlink capacity supported by cell. Compare the number ofsubscribers covered by cell with uplink and downlink capacity. If the number of subscribers

covered by cell is smaller than the smaller one of uplink capacity of cell and downlinkcapacity of cell, the network iteration is complete and the dimensioning result is output (thecoverage is restricted, so iteration dimensioning is unnecessary); otherwise, add carriers. Ifthe number of carriers is smaller than the input number of carriers, perform dimensioningagain; otherwise, adjust the cell radius as the first method. In network dimensioning, you needto perform uplink and downlink link budget and capacity dimensioning.

----End







7.1.5 Flow for Performing Downlink Link Budget

Figure 7-3 Flow for performing downlink link budget





7.1.6 Flow for Performing Uplink Cell Capacity Dimensioning

Figure 7-4 Flow for performing uplink cell capacity dimensioning





7.1.7 Flow for Performing Downlink Capacity Dimensioning

Figure 7-5 Flow for performing downlink capacity dimensioning

7.2 Process for Iub Transmission BandwidthDimensioning

The throughput at the Iub control panel includes the NCP, CCP, and ALCAP throughput. TheRNC connects to the Iub control panel by:

An NCP An ALCAP 1 to n CCPs

The NCP, CCP, and ALCAP are directly carried on SAAL, which is then carried on AA5. The NCP, CCP, and ALCAP throughput are relevant to the number of subscribers and are usuallylow. For example, by usual configuration, the NCP throughput is 20 kbps, the throughput of aCCP is 80 kbps, and the ALCAP throughput is 60 kbps.

The throughput at the Iub subscriber panel includes:



Documents

W Radio Network Dimensioning Operation Guide 20071022 a 3.2