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RHO L|{h~lAhgglouq ho Hbahgq ~{h~hqimq uh
qiblj|i{e ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
^ijl 9 hb2
Ahgglouq ho Hbahgq ~{h~hqimq uh qiblj|i{e
ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
kp RHO L|{h~l- Gip ;>9;
^{lm`g`oi{p {lgi{fq
Ucl Rh`al ho ucl Olu Ahim`u`ho L|{h~l #RHO) zlmahglq ucl
h~~h{u|o`up uh ahgglou ho Hbahgq
~{h~hqimq uh qiblj|i{e ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
#cl{libul{ ucl Ahoq|muiu`ho)/
RHO ciq oh hkdlau`hoq ho uzh hb ucl uc{ll gliq|{lq ~{h~hqle kp
Hbahg uh loq|{l ucl hojh`oj
iri`mik`m`up hb jlhj{i~c`a o|gkl{q ia{hqq ucl \F-`/l/
ucl amhq`oj hb mhaim e`imm`oj bh{ ucl >9;>; i{liahel iq
zlmm iq ucl ~{h~hqim uh gifl iri`mikml i m`g`ule y|iou`up hb kmhafq
hb 9>> o|gkl{q `o 99
i{liq z`uc
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RHO L|{h~lAhgglouq ho Hbahgq ~{h~hqimq uh
qiblj|i{e ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
^ijl ; hb2
kmhaf bh{ i z`el {iojl hb ahgg|o`aiu`ho {ly|`{lglouq uh khuc
ahoq|gl{q ioe k|q`olqqlq/ Ucl
`oa{liq`oj elgioe bh{ jlhj{i~c`a o|gkl{q hrl{ ucl miqu 9>
pli{q qchzq uciu |ql{q ~{lbl{ z`elmp
{lahjo`qle ioe u{ioq~i{loump ui{`bble o|gkl{`oj {iojlq bh{ ucl`{
ahgg|o`aiu`ho olleq #up~`aimmp
jlhj{i~c`aim o|gkl{q ioe oiu`hoim o|gkl{q)/
Olrl{uclmlqq- RHO ahoq`el{q uciu Hbahg qch|me jh hol qul~ klphoe
uh {loel{ ucl \o`ule F`ojehgq
o|gkl{`oj ~mio b|u|{l'~{hhb/ Ucl{lbh{l- RHO |{jlq Hbahg uh
~|{q|l i chm`qu`a i~~{hiac uhzi{eq
o|gkl{`oj- io i~~{hiac uciu bhqul{q b|u|{l ulacohmhj`aim ioe
ql{r`al `oohriu`hoq/ Q|ac io i~~{hiac
ah|me bh{ lsig~ml kl iac`lrle z`uc ucl l{ie`aiu`ho hb ucl
m`ofijl hb i{li ahel ioe mhaiu`ho kp
gif`oj imm \F o|gkl{q #kp ioimhjp z`uc ucl >1 {iojl) \F'z`el
#iq h~~hqle uh i{li'z`el)/
Gh{lhrl{- `u `q zh{uc ohu`oj `o uc`q {lji{e uciu ucl Qzle`qc
{lj|miuh{ ^UQ c`jcm`jcuq `o `uq ;>9> qu|ep
ho ucl b|u|{l h{jio`qiu`ho hb Qzleloq o|gkl{`oj ~mio uciu
chme`oj hbb gidh{ aciojlq |ou`m ucl olle
i{`qlq uh lobh{al uclg qz`bump aio k{`oj imhoj g|ac c`jcl{ ahquq
ucio i zlmm'uch|jcu h|u
`g~mlglouiu`ho hrl{ u`gl/9
RHO ahoq`el{q uciu ucl I|qu{im`io {lj|miuh{ ucl IAGI ~{lqlouq
io
i~~{hiac `o `uq {lalou ~i~l{;
ho i ahcl{lou ioe `oam|q`rl gle`|g uh mhoj ul{g r`q`ho bh{
o|gkl{`oj
uciu ah|me gifl I|qu{im`i i b{hou{|ool{ `o ~|uu`oj `o ~mial i
zlmm'elq`jole ioe bh{zi{e mhhf`oj
o|gkl{`oj ~mio/ Q|ac io i~~{hiac uh o|gkl{`oj ~mioq `q bliq`kml
#o|gkl{q i{l ohu `ou{`oq`aimmp
qai{al6 `u `q {iucl{ ucl zip `o zc`ac uclp i{l qu{|au|{le ioe
gioijle uciu aio i{u`b`a`immp ai|ql
qai{a`up) ioe z`mm k{`oj ahoq|gl{ klolb`uq ioe ~{hghul
ahg~lu`u`ho/
RHO qu{hojmp loah|{ijlq Hbahg uh uifl io i~~{hiac uciu loq|{lq
ucl b|mmlqu ~hqq`kml {lui`m ~{`al
u{ioq~i{loap ioe uciu {lghrlq ucl m`of kluzllo mhaiu`ho
`obh{giu`ho ioe jlhj{i~c`a o|gkl{q/
Hbahg qch|me loikml |ql{q uh achhql iop hb ucl`{ o|gkl{#q)- fll~
iop hb ucl`{ o|gkl{#q) zcl{lrl{
uclp i{l ioe |ql iop hb ucl`{ o|gkl{#q) ho ucl elr`al#q) h{
ql{r`alq hb ucl`{ ach`al/
RHO hkql{rlq uciu `o ucl ~iqu elaielq- ~lh~ml cirl klahgl gh{l
bmls`kml ioe z`mm`oj uh ghrl ioe
u{irlm iu ucl q~|{ hb ucl ghglou/ Uheipq ahoq|gl{ `q
`oa{liq`ojmp ohgie`a/ Ghk`ml ~cholq i{l
hrl{uif`oj b`sle ~cholq1
bh{ rh`al- ioe aimm`oj ph|{ ~m|gkl{ ci~~loq gh{l hbulo ucio ohu
ho c`q
9Qll UQ/ #;>9>)/ Klchr ir lo b{igu`eq`o{`fuie
ulmlbho`o|ggl{~mio/ 2 hm`fi b{oe{`ojqimul{oiu`r/ Elu bh{uqiuui
i{klulu
VOlle bh{ i B|u|{l'H{`loule Ulml~chop O|gkl{`oj mio/ Q`s
E`bbl{lou Aciojl H~u`hoq/ Olsu Qul~qW
V^UQ'L[';>9>4;>W/
Quhafchmg4 UQ/ [lu{`lrle
iu-cuu~4((zzz/~uq/ql(|~mhie([lg`qql{(;>9>(9>'3093'{lg`qq'{i~~h{u'9>>0;0/~eb/
~/ 2:/;
Qll IAGI/ #;>99i)/ Ulml~chol O|gkl{`oj4 B|u|{l E`{lau`hoq
i~l{/ [lu{`lrle iu-
cuu~4((zzz/iagi/jhr/i|(zlkz{(Xiqqluq(gi`o(m`k9>>;31(o|gkl{`oj'b|u|{lXe`{lau`hoq/~eb/1
Qll bh{ lsig~ml uikmlq 9/;5 #~/
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RHO L|{h~lAhgglouq ho Hbahgq ~{h~hqimq uh
qiblj|i{e ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
^ijl 1 hb2
ghk`ml ~chol/ @o ~i{immlm- ~lh~ml e`rl{u ucl`{ b`sle ~cholq
#`/l/ aimm bh{zi{e`oj)- h{ lrlo ikioeho
uclg uh lsam|q`rlmp |ql ucl`{ ghk`ml ~cholq/
Uheip- ucl {lmlrioal hb ucl jlhj{i~c`a q`jo`b`aioal iqqha`iule
uh o|gkl{q `q uc|q bie`oj/ Ucl
acioj`oj klcir`h|{ hb ahoq|gl{q {lji{e`oj o|gkl{q ioe
ahgg|o`aiu`ho `elou`b`l{q `q `obm|loale
uc{h|jc ierioalq `o i~~m`aiu`hoq ioe ql{r`alq- iq zlmm iq
elr`alq/
Ucl IAGI ~h`ouq h|u `o `uq [lqli{ac `ouh ahoq|gl{ klcir`h|{q ioe
iuu`u|elq uhzi{eq
ulmlahgg|o`aiu`hoq o|gkl{`oj ioe iqqha`iule `qq|lq uh uciu ucl
ai~ia`up hb i ghk`ml ~chol uh
quh{l o|gkl{q ioe uclo e`q~mip uclg iq i oigl cie imqh aciojle
chz giop ~i{u`a`~iouq {lglgkl{
ioe |ql o|gkl{q/5
@u `q imqh kl`oj {lgi{fle uciu ucl `oa{liq`oj o|gkl{ hb
ahgg|o`aiu`ho
jiulzipq iri`mikml #) e`g`o`qcle ucl `g~h{uioal hb- ioe mlrlm hb
el~loeloal ho- iop ~i{u`a|mi{
ql{r`al ioe ahoqly|loump iop ~i{u`a|mi{ ~chol o|gkl{/9>
[l~h{u ho ucl Lrhm|u`ho hb Jlhj{i~c`a O|gkl{q
#cl{libul{ ucl LAA [l~h{u):
iq4
Ucl elq`jo hb OJOq `g~mlgloule uheip `q rl{p g|ac ^QUO ho @^
kiqle oluzh{fq z`uc
ucl bliu|{lq ioe {lqu{`au`hoq hb ucl ^QUO kl`oj ah~`le/
Ucl u{iel'hbb ciq kllo iaa|{iulmp q|ggi{`tle `o ucl LAA [l~h{u34
ucl {lghrim hb imm ahoqu{i`ouq
{lji{e`oj jlhj{i~c`a `obh{giu`ho `o ucl o|gkl{`oj ~mio zh|me
immhz i gh{l `oohriu`rl |ql hb
jlhj{i~c`a o|gkl{q6 ela{liql ucl ~hqq`kml ki{{`l{q hb lou{p bh{
olz ~i{u`lq `o ucl ulml~chop gi{flu6
j`rl ahoq|gl{q ucl h~u`ho uh fll~ ucl`{ o|gkl{ zclo uclp i{l
ghr`oj6 ioe immhzq i gh{l lbb`a`lou
|ql hb o|gkl{`oj {lqh|{alq/
5Qll IAGI/ #;>99k)/ Ahgg|o`up [lqli{ac @ouh Ahoq|gl{
Klcir`h|{q ioe Iuu`u|elq Uhzi{eq Ulmlahgg|o`aiu`hoq
O|gkl{`oj ioe Iqqha`iule @qq|lq/ [lu{`lrle iu-
cuu~4((zzz/iagi/jhr/i|(zlkz{(Xiqqluq(gi`o(m`k19;955(o|gkl{`ojX5X{lqli{acX{l~h{u/~eb/
~/ 0/99k)/ @k`e/ ~/ 9>/2
Qll IAGI/ #;>99k)/ @k`e/ ~/ ;3/:
Qll LAA/ #;>9>)/ Lrhm|u`ho hb Jlhj{i~c`a O|gkl{q VLAA
[L^H[U 9)/ @k`e/ ~/ 9:'90/
http://www.acma.gov.au/webwr/_assets/main/lib312144/numbering_4_research_report.pdfhttp://www.acma.gov.au/webwr/_assets/main/lib312144/numbering_4_research_report.pdfhttp://www.erodocdb.dk/Docs/doc98/official/pdf/ECCREP154.PDFhttp://www.erodocdb.dk/Docs/doc98/official/pdf/ECCREP154.PDFhttp://www.erodocdb.dk/Docs/doc98/official/pdf/ECCREP154.PDFhttp://www.acma.gov.au/webwr/_assets/main/lib312144/numbering_4_research_report.pdf
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RHO L|{h~lAhgglouq ho Hbahgq ~{h~hqimq uh
qiblj|i{e ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
^ijl 5 hb2
Ucl LAA [l~h{u0
imqh {lgi{fq uciu ucl {lghrim hb jlhj{i~c`a `obh{giu`ho ah|me
cirl z`el{ klolb`uq
ucio i gl{l lbb`a`loap `oa{liql- iq `u zh|me imqh immhz ucl
`ou{he|au`ho hb z`el{ i{li mhaiu`ho
~h{uik`m`up- i ~hqq`k`m`up uciu `q rl{p i~~lim`oj `o i qha`lup
zcl{l khuc k|q`olqqlq ioe `oe`r`e|imq
klahgl gh{l ioe gh{l ghk`ml/
;) Aci{j`oj
RHO ehlq ohu ij{ll z`uc Hbahgq `oulou`ho uh `ou{he|al i aci{j`oj
{lj`gl iu uc`q quijl- iq uc`q
zh|me cirl gh{l oljiu`rl lbblauq ucio ~hq`u`rl lbblauq-
lq~la`immp iq {lji{eq uh qgimml{
Ahgg|o`aiu`hoq ^{hr`el{q #A^q) ioe olz lou{iouq hb iop f`oe #ohu
olalqqi{`mp A^q)- uh zchg uc`q
iee`u`hoim k|{elo z`mm a{liul i ki{{`l{ uh lou{p z`uc oljiu`rl
lbblauq bh{ ahg~lu`u`ho/
Zc`mqu ucl glgkl{q iafohzmlejl ucl {liqho`oj klc`oe ucl
hkdlau`rlq bh{ aci{j`oj- uclp klm`lrl uciu
`u `q |oolalqqi{p #`ou{he|au`ho hb bllq z`uch|u `oa{liql `o ucl
|oel{mp`oj ahqu kiq`q h{ z`uch|u iop
olz ieriouijlq bh{ ucl |ql{q)- e`q~{h~h{u`hoiul #rl{q|q ucl
u{ie`u`hoim A^q bh{ zchg ucl o|gkl{`oj
aci{jlq z`mm kl amhql uh oljm`j`kml) ioe ~hulou`immp eigij`oj uh
q~la`b`a qlau`hoq hb ucl `oe|qu{p/
RHO zh|me q~la`b`aimmp m`fl uh e{iz Hbahgq iuulou`ho uh ucl
`g~iau hb o|gkl{ aci{j`oj ho qgimml{
ioe `oohriu`rl A^q- ioe ho olz lou{iouq hb iop f`oe #ohu
olalqqi{`mp A^q)/ @ou{he|a`oj i aci{j`oj
glacio`qg ho o|gkl{q gip lou{loac u{ie`u`hoim k|q`olqq ghelmq-
gh{l q~la`b`aimmp ucl ahqu ioe
{lrlo|l qu{|au|{lq- ioe {lui`m aci{j`oj glacio`qgq im{liep `o
~mial/
RHO klm`lrlq uciu Hbahgq imul{oiu`rl gliq|{l uh immhaiul qgimml{
o|gkl{ kmhafq uh A^q z`mm q|bb`al
uh loq|{l ucl ho'jh`oj iri`mik`m`up hb o|gkl{q bh{ ucl gi{flu iq
ls~mi`ole `o qlau`ho 1 klmhz/
Gh{lhrl{- ucl `ou{he|au`ho hb i aci{j`oj qaclgl z`mm imqh kl
elu{`glouim uhzi{eq a|quhgl{q- iq ucl
Ahoq|muiu`ho {lgi{fq uciu Hbahg ls~lauVqW ucl ahquq `g~hqle ho
A^q iq i {lq|mu hb o|gkl{ aci{j`oj
#khuc ucl e`{lau o|gkl{ aci{jlq ioe `g~mlglouiu`ho ahquq) uh kl
~iqqle uc{h|jc uh ahoq|gl{q `o ucl
bh{g hb c`jcl{ ~{`alq-9>
z`uch|u kl`oj ikml uh lrlo iqqlqq ucl lbblau`rlolqq hb aci{j`oj
iq ucl
Ahoq|muiu`ho ohulq uciu Hbahg aioohu ~{la`qlmp lqu`giul ucl
klolb`uq b{hg `ou{he|a`oj o|gkl{
aci{jlq iu uc`q quijl/99
0Qll LAA/ #;>9>)/ @k`e/ ~/ ; ioe 9>/
9>Qll ucl Ahoq|muiu`ho- ~/ 5; #5/
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RHO L|{h~lAhgglouq ho Hbahgq ~{h~hqimq uh
qiblj|i{e ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
^ijl < hb2
RHO imqh qu{hojmp e`qij{llq z`uc Hbahgq q|jjlqu`ho bh{ qgimm
A^q(olz lou{iouq z`uc `oohriu`rl
ql{r`alq uh |ql hucl{ up~lq hb o|gkl{ bh{ zc`ac zl i{l ohu
a|{{loump ~{h~hq`oj uh aci{jl-9;
ioe
zh|me m`fl uh {lg`oe Hbahg uciu ucl L\ {lj|miuh{p b{iglzh{f bh{
lmlau{ho`a ahgg|o`aiu`hoq
#E`{lau`rl ;>>;(;9(LA- iq igloele)- {ly|`{lq o|gkl{q uh kl
giel iri`mikml bh{ IMM ~|km`a lmlau{ho`a
ahgg|o`aiu`ho ql{r`alq91
ioe uciu ucl L|{h~lio Ahgg`qq`hoq @obh{giu`ho ioe
Ahoq|muiu`ho
Eha|glou hb 95 D|ol ;>>5 ho ucl u{liuglou hb Rh`al hrl{
@oul{olu ^{huhahm #Rh@^) |oel{ ucl L\
[lj|miuh{p B{iglzh{f95
- Qlau`ho :/9- quiule ls~m`a`umpuciu4
Iop |oel{uif`oj~{hr`e`oj h{ |q`oj lmlau{ho`a ahgg|o`aiu`ho
oluzh{fq h{ ql{r`alq ciq
ucl {`jcu uh |ql o|gkl{q/ VW
B`oimmp- RHO ahoq`el{q uciu ucl 9>~ aci{jl ~{h~hqle kp Hbahg
{l~{lqlouq i q|kquiou`im igh|ou uciu
`q ikhrl ucl L|{h~lio irl{ijl kp i ahoq`el{ikml gi{j`o/
1) Q`tl hb O|gkl{`oj Kmhafq
RHO zlmahglq ucl biau uciu Hbahg `ouloeq uh {hmm h|u
9>>'o|gkl{q kmhafq- k|u iji`o zh|me {iucl{
qll uc`q lbbh{u kl`oj `g~mlgloule iu i oiu`hoz`el qaiml ucio ho
i mhaim`qle kiq`q- iq uc`q zh|me cirl
i ~hq`u`rl `g~iau uhzi{eq mhzl{`oj ki{{`l{q uh lou{p lq~la`immp
iq {lji{eq uh qgimml{ ioe `oohriu`rl
ahgg|o`aiu`hoq ~{hr`el{q- iq zlmm iq iophol lmql mlj`u`giulmp
{ly|`{`oj ucl |ql hb jlhj{i~c`a
o|gkl{q- bh{ iop ~|{~hql/
@o iee`u`ho- Hbahg gip imqh ahoq`el{ uh ~{h~h{u`hoimmp mhzl{ ucl
ahquq bh{ ucl `g~mlglouiu`ho hb
qgimml{ o|gkl{`oj kmhafq z`uc ucl iaalqq h~l{iuh{q- `o hucl{
zh{eq iay|`{`oj i 9>>'o|gkl{ kmhaf
qch|me kl 9> u`glq mlqq ls~loq`rl ucio iay|`{`oj i
9>>>'o|gkl{ kmhaf/
$$$
9;Qll ucl Ahoq|muiu`ho- ~/ O|gkl{`oj- oig`oj ioe iee{lqq`oj
9/ Glgkl{ Quiulq qcimm loq|{l uciu oiu`hoim {lj|miuh{p
i|uch{`u`lq ahou{hm ucl j{iou`oj hb {`jcuq hb |ql hb imm
oiu`hoimo|gkl{`oj {lqh|{alq ioe ucl gioijlglou hb ucl oiu`hoim
o|gkl{`oj ~mioq/ Glgkl{ Quiulq qcimm loq|{l uciu
iely|iul o|gkl{q ioe o|gkl{`oj {iojlq i{l ~{hr`ele bh{ imm
~|km`amp iri`mikml lmlau{ho`a ahgg|o`aiu`hoq ql{r`alq/
Oiu`hoim {lj|miuh{p i|uch{`u`lq qcimm lquikm`qc hkdlau`rl-
u{ioq~i{lou ioe oho'e`qa{`g`oiuh{p ~{hale|{lq bh{ j{iou`oj
{`jcuq hb |ql bh{ oiu`hoim o|gkl{`oj {lqh|{alq/95
L|{h~lio Ahgg`qq`ho/ #;>>5)/ Ahgg`qq`ho Quibb Zh{f`oj
Quibb Zh{f`oj Eha|glou ho ucl u{liuglou hb Rh`al hrl{
@oul{olu ^{huhahm #Rh@^) |oel{ ucl L\ [lj|miuh{p B{iglzh{f/ Io
@obh{giu`ho ioe Ahoq|muiu`ho Eha|glou/ [lu{`lrle iu-
cuu~4((la/l|{h~i/l|(`obh{giu`hoXqha`lup(~hm`ap(lahgg(eha(m`k{i{p(zh{f`ojXehaq(5>2X95Xrh`~Xahoq|muX~i~l{Xr;X9/~eb/
Qll :/9/
http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/ecomm/doc/library/working_docs/406_14_voip_consult_paper_v2_1.pdfhttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/ecomm/doc/library/working_docs/406_14_voip_consult_paper_v2_1.pdfhttp://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/ecomm/doc/library/working_docs/406_14_voip_consult_paper_v2_1.pdf
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RHO L|{h~lAhgglouq ho Hbahgq ~{h~hqimq uh
qiblj|i{e ucl b|u|{l hb jlhj{i~c`a ~chol o|gkl{q
^ijl 2 hb2
Zl uciof ph| `o ierioal bh{ uif`oj ahoq`el{iu`ho hb uclql r`lzq/
Bllm b{ll uh ahouiau Cl{gio [|a`a-
RHO L|{h~l- kp ~chol #&1; #>)5:3 022:>9) h{ lgi`m
#c{|a`aNrhol|{h~l/l|) qch|me ph| olle
b|{ucl{ `obh{giu`ho/
$
$ $
Ikh|u ucl RHO Ahim`u`ho L|{h~l
Ucl Rh`al ho ucl Olu #RHO) Ahim`u`ho L|{h~l ziq mi|oacle `o
Elalgkl{ ;>>: kp mlie`oj @oul{olu
ahgg|o`aiu`hoq ioe ulacohmhjp ahg~io`lq- ho ucl a|uu`oj lejl uh
a{liul io i|uch{`uiu`rl rh`al bh{
ucl @oul{olu'loikmle ahgg|o`aiu`hoq `oe|qu{p/ @uq a|{{lou
glgkl{q i{l `Kiq`q- Jhhjml- G`a{hqhbu-
Qfp~l- R`kl{- Rhskhol ioe Zll^ll/
Ucl RHO Ahim`u`ho L|{h~l ohuikmp bha|qlq ho le|aiu`oj ioe
`obh{g`oj ~hm`apgifl{q `o ucl L|{h~lio
\o`ho ioe ik{hie `o h{el{ uh ~{hghul {lq~hoq`kml jhrl{oglou
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