Volume IV - US Environmental Protection Agency · b Volume IV Appendices to the Biological Assessment Prepared for State of Delaware Dopartmflnl of Natural Resources and Environmental

bVolume IVAppendices to the

Biological Assessment

Prepared forState of DelawareDopartmflnl of Natural Resources andEnvironmental ControlDover, Delaware

Prepared ByU.S. Fish and Wlldlllfe Service

Produced byCH2MHILI Southeast, Inc.P.O.Box 4400Reston, Virginia 22090

Under Contract No, CERCLA 86-1

May 1988The preparation ol Ihli document wot financed through a grantunder the United Statei Environmental Reipome, Compensation, andLiability Act ot I960, ai modified by the Supertund Amendment! andReguthorlzatlon Act of 1986,

AR30I738

Volume IVAPPENDICES TO THE BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

A Biological AssessmentB Inorganic Bioaccumulation

C Organic Bioaccumulation

D Aquatic Toxicity

E Sediment Toxicity

F Sediment Textural Characteristics and Nutrient AnalysisG Histopathology of White-footed Mice

H Histopathology of Mummichogs

WDR341/033/1

Appendix A

BIOLOGICAL INVENTORY

WDR341/033/2AR3Q!7lfO

Appendix A

Biological Resources of Wildcat Landfill andgurroundlng Vicinity

line U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FHS) conducted a biological inventoryof wildcat landfill, and the surrounding area within a 1/2 mile radius fromFebruary 5, 1986 to February 2, 1988. The purpose of this inventory was toidentify living natural resources which could be impacted by contaminantsfrom the Wildcat Landfill. Much of the inventory was performed whileinvolved in other activities such as sampling leechate for bioassays. Inedition to the FWS effort, a floristic survey of the site was conducted byReese (1987) for FWS; from Hay 22, 1987 to October 13, 1987. Biologicalinventory data from the St. Jones River was obtained from Shirey (1987) andseveral surveys by FWS.A schedule of all inventory dates is given below:

Wildcat Landfill Inventory DatesDate Purpose Inventoried Bv

2/5/86 Wildlife Observation FWS5/15/86 Wildlife Observation FWS5/23/86 Wildlife Observation FWS6/30. 7/1/86 sanple Small Manuals FWS

7/25/86 Collect Fish and Turtles FKS

7/5i9-30/86 collect Fish and Turtles FWS8/19/86 Wildlife Observation FWS8/20/86 Sanple St. Jones River FWS8/29/86 Sanple St. Jones River FWS

9/15-19/86 Sanple Small Manuals FWS3/3/87 Wildlife Observation FWS5/6/87 Wildlife Observation FWS5/19/87 Wildlife Observation FWS5/22/87 Wildlife Observation

and Floristics survey5/26/87 Wildlife Observation

Appendix Page 1

AR30I7M

and Floristics Surveyl 5/29/87 Wildlife Observation

.- and Floristics survey6/2/87 Wildlife Observation

(nocturnal)6/5/87 Wildlife Observation Reese

Floristics Survey6/11/87 Wildlife Observation

Floristics Survey

6/23/87 Wildlife ObservationFloristics Survey



7/23-24/87 Sample St. Jones River FWS

8/4/87 , Wildlife Observation-v Floristics Survey•s 8/18/87 Wildlife Observation



Floristics Survey9/22/87 Wetland Survey FWS


10/13/87 Wildlife Observation ][>Floristics Survey

2/2/88 Wildlife Observation FWSThe floristics survey was acocnplished by intensive observations of allvascular flora tnroughout the site and adjacent habitat by Reese (1987). Ahand-lens and various field guides were used in the field to identify allplants to species, More difficult identifications (especially Gramlnae)

^ were made in the laboratory using a microscope and technical keys, and aresvy Appendix Page 2

i, AR30I7I»2

included in Reese (1987). Standardization of the plant list was made byusing Glenson (1963), for scientific names and taxonomic order. Common /*~\names were taken from various sources given in Reese (1987). Abundance and ('habitat of each species were noted and complied in the list.The effort to inventory the fauna of wildcat was not as intensive as thefloristics survey. This is because animals are more difficult to inventoryand sometimes take more labor intensive tenchiques such as trapping.Invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds and manuals were primarilyinventoried by visual observations during all site visits, In additionbirds were also surveyed by identification of songs, and other sounds,reptiles were surveyed by baited turtle traps, and mammals byidentification of tracks, burrows, scat, and small mammal trapping.Small manual trapping was conducted with standard-size snap traps baitedwith peanut butter and oatmeal. Trap grids were established at 10 randomlyselected points with 5 grids on each side of the access road through thesite. Each grid, measuring 10 meters by 40 meters, was sampled with 30traps which were located at 10 stations with 3 traps per station. Thefinal sampling pattern by station can be seen in Figure . Allcaptured specimens were identified and sex, weight, length and reproductivestatus were recorded,

Shirey (1987) sampled fish in the St. Jones River by seine, electrofishing,and other trawl, four times during 1986. In addition he took benthicsamples with a surber sampler and a ponar grab in April - June and August -September 1986. The FWS sampled fish by collection with a 10 foot otter /*%trawl and 125 foot gill net in the St. Jones River and by sein and cast net (' Jin the Wildcat pond. >**'Assistance on endangered, threatened or rare species possibly oocuring atthe wildlcat site was obtained from Moser (pers. conn.) for Federallylisted species and Victors (pers. cam.) for state listed species. Howeveronly one species, the bald eagle, was found to be in the site vicinity,standardization of the fauna Inventory list was made with several differentsources: invertebrates, Klots (1951), Bnerton (1961), Holland (1968),White (1970), Gosner (1971), Pennak (1978), and Lipson and Llpson (1984);fish, American Fisheries Society (1980); reptiles and amphibians, Oonant(1958); birds, American Orthinological Union (1983); and manuals, Burt andGrossenheider (1964). /This biological inventory consists of only those species either observed orcollected over a two year period, hence it is not complete. However theinventory is sufficient to determine the basic habitats provided at the siteand the typical species using these habitats. This information isnecessary to evaluate the environmental impacts of wildcat Landfill and thevarious alternatives proposed to remediate these impacts.

An estimate of abundance was made for all species using the following key;

Abundance KeyAppendix Page 3

AR30l7li3

A - Abundant - found in very large numbersC - Comon - found in large numbersU - Uncommon - found in small numbersR - Rare - found once or only a few time

For most species abundance is given as an estimate throughout the year.However for birds, which are highly migratory estimates abundaries, aregiven by the following seasons;

W - winter (November - February)T - transient (March - May, September - October)S - summer (June - August)

Primary habitat/a where each species was observed is given by the followingkey:

Habitat KeyT - throughout site0 - open areas of low vegetationW - woody vegetationF - freshwater pond and marginB - brackish tidal marshR - St. Jones River

Division Pteridophytg Spore-bearing plantsAbundance

HabitatOrder Filicales

Family Osmundaoeae Royal FernsRoyal Fern Osmunda recalls R F

Family Polvpodlaceae PolypodiesEbony Spleenwort teplenium platyneuror) R FMarsh Fern Ihelypteris palustria R F

Division Spermatochvta Seed-tearing plantsClass GymnoepennaeOrder Ooniferae

Family Pinaoeae PinesScrub Pine pimb vi giniana, ' U W

Family cypressaoeae cypressRed "" r Junioerus virainiaria

classOrder

Family Typhaoeae CattailsBroad-leaved Cattail Tvtha latifolia U FNarrow-leaved Cattail Typha anoustifolia A B

Appendix Page 4

Abundance Habitat ' ' 'Order Aliaiales '~

Family Alismaceae Water PlantainsArrowhead Saaittaria sp. R F

Order GraminalesFamily Gramineae Grasses

Brome Grass Brarus japonicus R 0Meadow Fescue Festuca elatior A 0Canada Blue Grass Poa compresaa R 0Rough Blue Grass Boa trivlalia A 0Love Grass Eraorostis spectabilia C 0Orchard Grass Dactyl s glonerata U 0Common Reed Phragmi,tes ogimunis A TTall Redtop Triodia flavq A 0Virginia Wild Rye Elymus virginicus R BOat Grass Danthonia spicata C 0Colonial Bentgrass Aarostls hyemalia R 0Dropseed gporobolus vaginiflorus U 0Three-awn Grass Aristida diehotona R 0Eastern Three-awnPrairie Three-awn At

st:,da curtlssii A 0,st:da olioantha A 0

Bermuda Grass Cynodon dactvlon U 0Smooth Cordgrass SpartBig Cordgrass Spart

na alterni flora C Bjia cvnosuroides U B

Crab Grass pigltaria sanguinalis U 0Field Paspalum Paspalum laeve U 0Florida Paspalum Paspalum floridanum R o

Paspalum Paspalum setaeeum U 0Fall Panlcum Pan: cum d chotomif lorum A 0Switchgrass Pan cum v: rgatum A 0

Panlcum Pan cum spretum A 0Panicum Grass Pan cum polyanthea R WPanicum Grass Pan cum oamutatum A WWalter's Millet Ech: nochloa waiter! U BBarnyard Grass pch. nochloa nuricata U BBarnyard Grass Pchlnochloa crusoalli U 0

.a gen culata C 0Perennial Foxtail Sgtar:Green Bristlegrass fisjacBroom Sedge Aridropoaon virainicus C 0

vir:idis C O

Family CyperaoeaeFiliatop Cyperus Cyperus filiculiuis R 0Delayed Cyperus Cyperus retrorsus R 0Straw-colored Cyperus Cyperus strlgosus U 0Blunt Spike Rush Eleocharis cbtusa C FWool Sedge Scirpua cyperinus U 0

Appendix Page 5

ARSONS

r~*\• i

Head-tearing Sedge Carex oephalophora U 0Sedge Carex stipata, U 0Sedge Carex albolutesoena C F

--' Golden Sedge Carex stramineg R BGreen Sedge Carex virescena C FScruffy Sedge Carex oomosa, U F

Order Arales 'Family Araoeae Arums

Arrow Arum Beltandra virginlca U F

Family Ltimaoeae DuckweedsDuckweed Latina, pdnor

Order xyridaleqFamily Ccnmellnaoeae Spiderworts

Asiatic Dayflower Comraelina oormunls U 0

Order LJlialeqFamily Juncaoeae Rushes

Soft-stemmed Rush Juncus effusus U FPath Rush Juncus tenuis. U 0

OFamily Liliaceae Lilies

Field Garlic Allium vineale A 0Spanish Bayonet yucca filamantosa R WAsparagus Asparagus officinalis U 0Sawbrier Sm lax alauca . R FCommon Greenbrier an lax rotundifolla U F

Family Iridaoeae IrisDomestic Iris Iris qermanlca R 0

Order SalicalesFamily Salicaceae Willows

Cottonwood populus deltoides U WLaibardy Poplar Populus niara R 0Black Willow gaL Jj_ni33Weeping Willow gal babvlorica

Order IFamily ByjciHSfias Bayberries

Bayberry Myrica pensy vanlca R 0Order Paoales

family ttoaceae BeechesWhite Oak Quercus albq U WPin Oak Ouereus palustris U W

Family Maraeeae MulberriesAppendix Page 6

Osage Orange Maclura pomifera U 0Red Mulberry torus rubra U 0

Family Urticaceae NettlesFalse Nettle Boehmeria cvlindrica R F

Order PolygonalesFamily Polyaonaceae Smartweeds

Red Sorrel Rumex aoetosella, C 0Swamp Dock Rumex verticillatus C BCurled Duck Rumex crispua C TBroad-leaved Dock Rumex obtusifoliua R FPennsylvania Snartweed Polygonum pensvlvanlcum C 0Red Leg Polygonum persicaria A TMild Waterpepper Polvgonum hvdropjpetoides U 0Climbing False Bolyaonum scanbtena R 0Buckwheat

Order CarvophvllalesFamily Chenopodium Goosefoots

Lfimb's Quarter Chencpodium album C TOrache Atriplex patula A 0

Family Anaranthaoeae AmaranthsSaltnarsh Water Hemp Aenida cannabina, C B

Family Pnytolaocaceaq PokeweedsPokeberry Rivtolaoca amsrioana C T

Family catyophyllaoeae PinksMouse-ear Chickweed Oerastium vulaatum U 0

Ilfolia. U 0Thyme-leaved Sandwort Arenaria serpy:Sleepy Catohfly £ 'Deptf ord Pink Q anthus armer:

lene antirrtvna, R 0R 0

Order Ranales,Family Haonoliaoeae Magnolias

Tulip Tree Liriodendron tulipifer

Family Ranunculaoeae CrowfootsTall Meadow Rue lhalictrum polygamum

Family Lauraceae LaurelsSassafras s&ssafrasj

Order PapaveraleqFamily Cruciferae Mustards

Field Mustard Brassioa rapa C 0Peppergrass Leoidium viralnicum C 0Pennsylvania Bitter- Cardamine pensvlvanica U 0

|| Appendix Page 7iI .

flH30!7«i7

cressWinter Cress Barbarea vuloaris R 0Early Winter Cress Barbarea, verna. R 0

Order ResalesFamily Platanaceae Plane Trees

Sycamore Platan ** oooidentalis R W

Family ESgasgae.Cannon Cinquefoil Potentilla simplex R 0Rough-fruited Potentilla recta R 0Cinquefoil

Common Blackberry Rubus alleghenlensis U 0Black Raspberry Rubus ooc:Red Raspberry Rubua str:Kultiflora Rose Rosa mult:

.dental is U 0R 0

flora U 0

3\5<S

Swamp Rose Rosa palustrls, R BOrnamental Peach Prunus persica R 0Black Cherry Prunus serotinq A TDomestic Apple Pyrus nalus R WNarrow-leaf Crabapple Pyrus anaustifolia R W

Family Mimosaoeae MimosaMimosa Albizzia •lulibrissln R W

FairdJ.y capgalpiniaoeae CaesalpiniasHoney Locust Gledltsia trlacanthos C W

Family Eabaceae BeansRed Clover Trifolium pratense R 0Rabbit-foot clover Trifolium arvense R 0Smaller Hop Clover Trifolium proeumbens ;.. R 0

White Sweet Clover peljllotus alba, 1 U 0Yellow Sweet Clover Mal lotus officinalls . R 0Black Locust Robin a pseudoacacia C GCrown Vetch Ooron, „ la var: 3 COPanlcled Tick Trefoil Desmod urn pan culatum R FSlender Bush Clover Lespedeza virglnica R 0Chinese Bush Clover Lppp:|'teza cunaata R 0Pink Wild Bean strophostyles umbellata R W

Order CeranlalesFamily Oxalidaoeae Wood Sorrels

Yellow Wood Sorrel Oxalis stricta U 0

Family Geranlaoeaa GeraniumsCarolina Cranesbill Geranium carollnianum U 0

Family EuphorbiaoeaeWolly Croton Croton capltatus C 0Three-seeded Mercury Acalyoha graoilens R 0

Appendix Page 8

Spurge |j Euphorbia, sp. R 0Order Sapindales

Family Anaeardiaoeae CashewsPoison Ivy Phus radicana U FWinged Sumac Rhus oopallinum C WSmooth Sumac Bhus alabra U WStaghom Sumac Bhus tvchlng R w

Family Aguifoliaceae HolliesAmerican Holly Ilex opacg R F

> Family Aoeraoeae MaplesRed Maple Acer tubrum U WAsh-leaved Maple Acer neaundg C W

Family Balsaminaoeae Touch-tne-notsSpotted Touch-me-not Impatiens biflora U F

Order RhamnalesFamily yi£fl2Bas Grapes

Summer Grape vitis aeativalis R WFrost Grape Vitis vulpina, U WVirginia Creeper Parthenociasus quinque folia U W

Order KalvaleaFamily Malvaceae Mallows

L Seashore Mallow Kbsteletzlcva virginica U BCrimson-eyed Mallow Hibiscus palustria C F

Order Parietalesi Family Hypericaoeae St-John's-worts' Comoi St. John's-wort Hypericum perforatum C 0

Order MyrtalesFamily lythraceae loosestrifes

Swamp Loosestrife Deoodon verticillatus C F

Family Qnaaraceae Evening PrimrosesSeedbox Indwiaia alternifolia R WCannon Evening Primrose Oenothera biennis U 0

Order umbellalesFamily Umfaelliferae Parsleys

Queen Anne's Lace Daucus canota, R 0

Family Cornaceae DogwoodsFlowering Dogwood Cornus florida R FSilky Dogwood Comus amanum R FBlack Gum ftyssa sylvatica U W

OrderAppendix Page 9

A R 3 0 I J f l » 9

Family Clethraceae White Alders,'*""\ Sweet Pepperbush Clethra alnifolia, R F

' Order EbenaleaFamily Ebenaeeae Ebonies

Persiimen Dioepyros virainlana R W

Order GentianalesFamily Oleaoeae . Olives

Cannon Privet Liaustrum vulaare U W

Family Apocvnaoeae DogbanesIndian Hemp Apocvnum cannabinum C 0

Family Asclepiadaoeae MilkweedsSwamp Milkweed AscelPJas incarnata R FCannon Milkweed Asoelpias svriaca R 0

Order PolemonlaleaFamily conyolvulaoeae Morning-glories

Canton Morning-glory Ipomoea purourea R 0Ivy-leaved Homing- Ipomoea hederacea U 0glory

Small White Morning- Ipomoea laeunosa R 0glory

Field Bindweed Convolvulus arvensis R 0i U 0Hedge Bindweed Convolvulus

Dotter Cuscata oronovi , R 0

Family labiates MintsBlue Curls Triohoetana dlchotomum U 0Catnip Nepeta cataria R i 0Gill-cver-tne-grouni Gleooma hederacea R j FAmerican Pennyroyal Hedeoma puleaioidea R wCut-leaved Horehound Lycopua americanus R F

Family Solanaoeae NightshadesSmooth Ground Cherry Physalis lonaifolig U oBittersweet Nightshade Solanum dulcamara R wCannon Nightshade Solanum niarum U wHorse Nettle , Solanum carolinense U 0i

Family Scttdiulariaoeat J FigwortsEmpress Tree Paulownia toraentosa R WCommon Mullein Verbascum thapsus R 0Moth Mullein Verbascmn blattaria R 0Blue Toadflax Lk£T a eanadensis A 0Thyme-leaved Speedwell Veron:Purslane Speedwell Veron.

ca serpvllifolia R 0ca perearlna C 0

Com Speedwell Veron. ca arvensis R 0

Appendix Page 10

AR3QI75Q

L

Family BianonlaceaB Trumpet CreepersTrumpet Creeper Campsis radlcans C WCatalpa Catalpa, bfenonioidea R w

Order PlantaainaleaFamily Plantaainaoeae Plantains

English Plantain Plantooo lanoeolata R oVirginia Plantain Plantaoo virginica; U 0Buckhorn Plantaao aristata U 0

Order RubialesBamily Rubiaoeae Madders

Buttonbush Cechalanthua occidentalis R FCleavers Galium aparine U W

Family Caprifoliaeeae HoneysucklesSouthern Arrow-wcod Viburnum dentatum R FCommon Elderberry Sambucus canadensia C FJapanese Honeysuckle Lonicera japonica, C TCoralberry Synphoricarpos orfaiculatus u o

Order CanpanulaleaFamily cairoanulaoeae Harebells

Venus' Looking-glass specularia perfoliata, C 0

Order AsteraleaFamily Catuositae Composites

Cannon Sunflower Helianthus annuua R FSwamp Beggars Tick Bidena tripartite, R F

.dera frondosa R 0Beggar-ticksTickseed Sunflower ________Common Ragweed . Ambrosia artemisiifolia C 0Cannon Yarrow Achillea millefolium R o

,dens polvlepis ' A 0

Ox-eye Daisy ChrysanthemumCannon Groundsel Senecio vulgar s u 0

.eucarrthemum U 0

Pilewort Erechtitqs hieracifolia R WCampljorweed Heterotheca subaxillaris C 0Early Goldenrod Solidago "lunoea A 0Late Goldenrod Solidaao oioantea A oTall Goldenrod Solidaoo altiss: ma A 0Lance-leafed Goldenrod Solidaao aramlji folia C 0Small Salt Marsh Aster Aster subulatua U BSmall White Aster As. ar vlmineua A 0Lesser Daisy Fleabane EC germ striaosua U 0Daisy Fleabane fit qeron annuus C 0Horseweed Conyza eanadensis A 0Groundsel Tree Baccnaris halimlfolia C BSaltmarsh Fleabane Pluchea purcurasoens A F

Appendix Page 11

AR30I75I

Field Pussytoes Antennaria neglecta U 0Sweet Everlasting Gnaphal urn obtusifoliunt U 0

Isuoolepis R 0White-bracted Ohorough- Eucator:wort

Round-leaved Boneset Eupatorium totundifolium R 0Hyssop-leaved Boneset Eupatorium hyasopifolium C 0White Snakeroot Eupatorium rugosum A TClimbing Hempweed H Xania scardens R 3Bull Thistle C rsium vulgare R F

to*"'

Common Dandelion Taraxacum of f icirale R oWild Lettuce Lactuca canadensia R 0Prickly Lettuce Lactucq scariola R 0Chicory Cichorium intybus R oDwarf Dandelion ftrigia virainica, C 0Cat's-ear Hvpochaeris radicata R o

Phylum phynchotoelaClass Enopla,Order Hoplonemerbeq,

Family Amphiporidae Ribbon wormsRibbon worm Aimhiporus ocraoeus R R

Phylum AnnelidClass Polvchaeta

Order PhyllodocidaFamily Phyllodocidae Paddle worms

Freckled Paddle Worm Etaone heteropoda U R

Family Nereidae Clam wormsCommon Clam Worm Nereaia suocinea C R

Family Goniadidae Cherron wormsChevron Worm Glycinde solitaria U R

Order CapltellidaFamily Capitellidae Capitelid worms

Hfldiomastus antoiseta R R

Order SpionidaFamily Sjjonidae Mud worms

Barred-gilled Mud Worm Strebloepio benedict! C RWhip Mud Worm Polydora liohi C R.

Appendix Page 12

Order TterebellidaFamily Ampharetidae Amphared worms

Hypaniola Worm Hvtaniola areai

Class OliooehaetaOrder HaclotaxdaeFamily Tobif icidae Tubifex worms

Tubifex WOOT Lvmnodrilua hofftreisfrgH C RTubifex Worm Anlodrilus pluriseta R RTubifex Worm Ilvodrilus tenplentoni R RTubifex Worm lubificoides heterochaetus R R

Family Imtbrlcidae Lurabricid earthwormsManure Worm Eiaenia foetita C TRed-marsh Worm Lumbricua rubellua C TPasture Worm Apovrectodea turaida C TCanadian Worm Apovrectodea tuberculata C T

Phylum ftolluscaClass GastropodaOrder Neoaastropoda

Family Nasaariidae , Mud snailsEroded Basket Shell Nassarius obsoletua R B

1 ••' Order Hudibranchia,Family Corambidae Nudibranchs

Limpet Nudibranch Doridella obscura C R|L. Class Pelecvpoda

Order HeterodontidaFamily Tellinidae Tellinld clams

Baltic Macoma Clam Haooia balthica R R

Phylum Arthropoda,Class Araehnidq

Order Aranelda,Family Epeiridae Orb Weavers

Angular Orb Acrosoma ruaosa, A WGiant Orb Weaver Araiope ripariza C T

Class

Order OdcnataFamily Litellulidae Dragonflies

Conron Skimar Celithemis sp. C TOrder orthoptera

Family Acrididae Short-homed GrasshopperBand-winged Grasshopper Sohistooerca americana, C 0

family Mantidae Mantlds

Appendix Page 13

AR3QI753

Chinese Mantid Tenodera aridifolia C 0

Family Gryllidae CricketsField Cricket Gryllus assimilis c T

Order Lepidoptera,Family Pieridae Sulfurs

Orange Sulfur Colias eurythane u 0Cloudless Sulfur Phoebis sennae R oCabbage Butterfly Pieris rapae C 0

Family panaidae Milkweed ButterflyMonarch Danaua olexlppus R o

Family Nymphalidae Brush-footed ButterfliesFainted Lady Cvnthla cardui C WBuckeye Junonla cuenia U o

I Coma Polvaonia coma U WPearl Crescent Phyooidea tharos R o

' Family EaBili2Di&e Swallowtails: Tiger Swallowtail Papilio alaucua c 0

Spioebush Swallowtail Papilio troilua u 0

i Family Sphinaidae Sphinx Moths'' Hummingbird Clearwing Haemorrhaaia thysbe c 0

Order HomopterqFamily cicadldae Cicadas

Annual Cicada Tlbioen carolinus c W

Order DipteraFamily Tabanidae Deer Flies. Deer Fly Chrysops sp. AT

Family Chlronomidae MidgesFreshwater Midge Procladius sp R R

Class Crustacea,Order Cumaoea,

Family Boaotriidae Bodcrtriid cumaceansCunaoean Shrimp hfarcocuna etellifera R R

Family Leuconldae leuconid cumaceansCunaoean Shrimp Leuoon americanua R R

Order IsopodaFamily Anthuridae Isopods

Slender Iscpod Cyathura polite, R R

Appendix Page 14

AR30l!|75i

Family Idoteidae IsopodsMounted-back Isopod Edotea triloba R RIsopod Edotea montosa, R R

Order AmphipodqFamily Corophiidae Corophld amphipods

Oorophid Amphipod Oorophium ' reulatum R RSlender lube-builder Oorophium lacustra C R

AmphipodHouse-carrier Amphipod Qerapus tubularis u R

Family Gajtmiaridae Gammarid amphipodsTigre Amphipod Gaituarus tiarinus c RAmphipod Melita nitida. U R

Family Qedicerotidae Oedlcerotid amphipodsRed-eyed Amphipod Monoculooea edwardsi, R R

Family Ampeliscidae Ampeliscid amphipodsSnail Four-eyed Ampellsca abdita u R

AmphipodFamily Talitridae \\ Talitrid amphipods

AZteC Amphipod \\ pya1»«*a jflfnrij R R

Order CaprellideaFamily Caprellidaa Skeleton shrimps

Skeleton Shrimp Paracaprella tenuis R ROrder Hvsidaoea

Family Mvsidae Mysid shrimpBay Opossum Shrimp Neortysia americana C R

OrderFamily Palaemonidae Grass shrimp

Cannon Grass Shrimp Paleomonetea puaio R R

Family Cranaonidae Sand ShrimpSand Shrimp Cranaon septanspinosa R R

Family Z&tbi&s Xanthid crabsCannon Black-fingered Panopeus herbstii R R

Mud crabFlat Mud pp*h Eurvpanopeus deprcssus U R

Family Borfamldae Portunid crabsBlue Crab Calinectcs saoidus

Phylum ChordataClass

iI Appendix Page 151 1 i l

AR30I755

OFamily Holaulidae Sea Squirts

Sea Squirt Mogula manhattensiq , R R

Class OstelchtyeaOrder Anguilliformes

Family Anouillidae Freshwater eels C RAmerican Eel Annullla rostiata,

Order Clupeftformes' Family Clupeidae Herrings

Blueback Herring Alosa aestavalls C RAlewife Alosa pseudoharengua C RAtlanic Menhaden Brgvoortia tyrannua A RGiitzard Shad Dorosona cepedianum C R

Family Enaraulidae AnchoviesBay Anchovy Anehoa mitchilU, c R

Order CyprinlformeaFamily Cyprinidae Minnows and Carps

Carp Cyprinus carpio C R

Order SilurifonresFamily Ictalurioae Freshwater catfishes

White Catfish Ictolurus catua C RBrown Bullnead Ictelurus iK tloffus C RChannel Catfish letalurua punctetus U R

Order BatraehoidiformesFamily Batrachoididae Toadfishes

Oyster ToadfishOrder Gadlformea ,

Family Gadidae Codfishes \Spotted Hake Urophycia reglus C R

Family Ophidiidae Cusk-eelsStripped Cusk Eel Rissola itaroiiata A R

Order CyprlnodontiformesFamily cyprlnooontldaq Killifishes

Mummichog I Fundulua heteroclltus A R,B,FStriped Killifisli Fundulus na-ialis A R,B

Family Poeciliidae UvebearersMosquitofish Gambusia affinia, A F

Family Atherinldae SilversidesAtlantic Silversides Henida menida A R,B

Order GaBteroBtelformes

1 Appendix Page 16

AR30I756

Family Svmnatftidae PipefishesNorthern Pipefish syngngth.ua fuscus R R

Family Percichlftyidae Temperate BassesWhite Perch Horone aroericana A RStriped Bass torone saxatalis U R

Family Serranidae Sea BassesBlack Sea Bass Qentroprlstis strlata R R

Family Qentrarchidae Sunf ishesPumpklnseed Leoania albosus u R

Family Caranaidae JacksCrevalle Jack Caranx hippos R R

Family Pomatomidae Bluef ishesBluefish pptiiat''Tff'p saltatrix U R

Family Soiaenidae DrumsWeakfish Cynoscion reaalis c RSpot I iostcitv xanthurMp A RBlack Drum ,': Poaonias cromis R RAtlantic Croaker Mictopoaon urdulatus u R

Family fiabiidas GobiesNaked Goby Gobiosota boscl, R R

Order PleuronectiformesFamily Bothldae Lefteye

Summer Flcurder Paralichthya dentatua R R

Family pleuronectidae Righteye floundersWinter Flounder Pseudopleuronectus

americanua U R

Family Soleidae SolesHogchoker Trinectes maculatus A R

Class Amphibia

Order AnuraFamily Eanidae True Frogs

Bullfrog Rana catesbelana C FGreen Frog Rana clamltens C FSouthern Leopard Frog Rana plpiens R F

Appendix Page 17

RR301757

Class RentingOrder Chelonia

Family Qielydridae Snapping TurtlesSnapping Turtle Chelydra serpentina, R F

Family Itestudinidae Box & Water TurtlesEastern Painted Turtle Chrysenrys picta A FEastern Box Turtle Terrapene Carolina c T

Order SquamataFamily Colubrldae Snakes

Black Rat Snake Elaehe obsoleta R F

Abundance HabitatW T S

Class Avea

Order CiooniiformeaFamily Ardeldae Herons

Great Blue Heron Ardea herodiaa R U U B,F,RGreat Egret Casmerodiua albua U U B, FSnowy Egret Baretta thula U U B,F,RLittle Blue Heron Eoretta caerulea R R B,FGreen-backed Heron Butoridea striatua c c B,F

Order AnseriformeaFamily Anatidae Waterfowl

Wood Duck Aix sponsa U U U FGreen-winged Teal Anas creoca c FMallard Anas platvrhynchoe U U U B,FAmerican Black Duck Ana rubripes U U U B,FBlue-wixged Teal Anas disoors U F

j Northern Shoveler Anaa clypeata U F

Order PalconifbrmeaFamily Cathartidae vultures

Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura R R R 0

Family Aeclpitreg HawksSharp-Shinned Hawk Aoclpiter striatus u U 0Red-Tailed Hawk Butoo •ianaicensis U U U 0Bald Eagle Haliaeatus leuoooephalus R R R BOsprey Pandion haliaetus R R B,F,RNorthern Harrier circus cvaneua U U B

Order GalliiformeaFamily Phasianidae Quail

Northern Bobwhite Colinus vlrainianus R R C 0Order Gruifonres

Appendix Page 18

Family Rallidae RailsClapper Rail foil03 lopgirostria R BKing Rail Rallus eleoans R BVirginia Rail Eallus limioola U B

Order QiaradriifonneaFamily Charadriidae Plovers

Killdeer Charadriua vociferui? C C C B,F

Family Soolopaciaae SandpipersGreater Yellowlegs Trinaa melanoleuoa C BLraser Yellowlegs Trinaa flavipea C FSolitary Sandpiper Trinaa solitaria C FSpotted Sandpiper Actitia nacularia c FSemipalmated Sandpiper Cal:Western Sandpiper fiaLLeast Sandpiper Cal:Pectoral Sandpiper Cal:

.drispuslMa C B,F

.dris maur, U F

.dris minutllla U B,F

.aria melanotos u F

Family Laridae, GullsLaughing Gull • Larus atricilla c B,F,RRing-billed Gull IflTW? delawarensla u U B,F,RCommon Tem sterna hlrundo U B,F,RForster's Tem sterna forsteri c B,F,R

Order OolurifciformeaFamily Coluntoidae Pigeons

|i Rock Dove Columba livia R R 01 '•• Mourning Dove Zenaida mactoura U A C 0

Order CuculiformeqFamily cueulidae Cuckoos

Yellow-billed Cuckoo Ooocvzua americanua R W

Order ApodiformesFamily Apodidae Swifts

Chimney Swift Chaetura pelaaica R 0

Order CoraeiiformesFamily Alcedinidae Kingfishers

Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcvcn U C C F,R

Order Piciformes 'Eamily Picidae Woodpeckers

Red-bellied Woodpecker Helanerpea carolinus R R R W.des pubesoens C C C W.dea vlllOBUS U U U W

Downy WoodpeckerHairy Woodpecker _____Northern Flicker Oolaptes auratua c C C 0

Order PasseriformeaFamily TyrannidaQ Flycatchers

Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopua virens R R WAppendix Page 19

'RR30I759

Great crestedFlycatcher Mylarcfcus crinitus C C WEastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannua R R W

Family ftirunalnldae SwallowsPurple Martin Progne subla C C 0Tree Swallow Ihchycineta bloolor A R FBank Swallow Riparia riparia, R FRough-winged Swallow Stelaidcyteryx serripennis U FBam Swallow Hirundo rustics, U U F

Family oorvidae JaysBlue Jay Cyanocitta eristatg u C C WAmerican Crow Oon/ua brachvrtivnchos U U R 0Fish Crow Corvus ossifraaus R 0,R,B

Family Paridae TitmiceCarolina Chickadee Parus carolinensis U U U WTufted Titmouse Parus bicflLpr U U U W

J> \^J iFamily frttaalodvtiaae Wrens fa'/

Carolina Wren Thryothoria ludovicianus C C C THouse Wren ffarolodvtes aedon U R 0Marsh Wren Cistothorua palustria C C B

Family Muscicapidae inrushes-KingletsWood Thrush Hylocichla rustelina U U WAmerican Robin Turdua miaratorius C C T

^Family Hlmidae Mlmids

f Gray Catbird Dumetella carollnensia C C TNorthern Mockingbird Mlmus polvalcttoB c c TBrown Thrashw Toxostoma rufum C C T

i Family Banbycillidae Waxwings( fWtaf Haxwing Bortoycilla cedrorum U U W

I Family sturnidae SterlingsEuropean Starling Sturnus vulqaria C C C 0

Eamily Vireonj e VireosWhite-eyed Vireo j Vireo ariseus. C 0Red-eyed Vireo ' Vireo olivaceufl R W

Family Errberizidae Warblers, Blackbirdsand Orioles

Blue-winged Warbler Vermivora pinua R WTennessee Warbler Vermivora pereorina R WYellow Warbler Dendro:Yellow-rumped Warbler Dendro: ca coronate U U W...... . . . . .

.oa petechia R U W

Prairie Warbler Dendroica disco:Ovenbird Seiurua aurocap:

SS U WHUB U W

Appendix Page 20

AR30I760

Louisiana Water Thrush Seiurus motacilla U FBlackpoll Warbler pengroica sty, ata R W /"American Redstart setophaaa rut: .cilia R W ICannon Yellowthroat Geothlvpis trichas A A TYellow-breasted Chat Icteria virens C A 0Scarlet Tanager Piranaa olivaoea, R wNorthern CanMrel Cardinalis cartinalia C C C TRose-breasted Grosbeak Pheuctieus ludovicianus R wBlue Grosbeak Guiraca caerulea C C 0Indigo Bunting Passerina cvanea A A 0Rufous-sided Townee Pipilo erythrophthalmis U C WChipping Sparrow Splzella paaserina, C R 0- -- - " ' " . . ' " . R A A 0

,za aelodia R C R 0Field Sparrow SpizelSong Sparrow Mslosp:White-throated Sparrow Zonotr:.chia albirollis c W,0Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus c 0Red-winged Blackbird Aaelaiua phoenioeua U C A FCornon Crackle Quiscalua guiscula, C A 0Brown-headed CcyHjti Holothrus ater C C TOrchard Oriole f I Icterus spuriua R C WNorthern OrioleVjp Icterus aalbula, c W

Family Frinaillidae FinchesHouse Finch Carpodacus mexicanus C C WAmerican Goldfinch Carduelis trlstia C C 0

Family Passeridae Weaver FinchesIj House Sparrow Passer domesticua R 0

Class Hamralla

Order Insectivora,Family Soricidae Shrews

Short-tell Shrew Blarina brevi . ;udj U T

Order LaaomorphaFamily Leporidae Rabbits

Eastern Cottontail Sylvllaaus floridanus c 0Order Rodentia

Family Sciuridae SquirrelsWocdchuck Harmota manax U WGray Squirrel soiurus carol inensis R w

Family Crioetidae Native Mice-RateWhite-footed Mouse Berarrvscus leuoopus A TMuskrat Ondatra zibethica, C B

Family Itoidas Old World Mice-RateHouse mouse Hus musculus C T

Order Carnivora

Appendix Page 21

AR30I76I

Family Canidae Wolves-FoxesS~\ Red Fox vulpes fulva""' Order Artiodactyla

Family Cervidae DeerWhite-tailed Deer Odocileus virainianua

Appendix Page 22

RR30I762

ReferencesAmerican Fisheries Society. 1980. A list of cannon and scientific names

of fishes from the United States and Canada 4th ed. Specialpublication No 12. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, MD.

American Ornithologist Union. 1983. Checklist of North American Birds.6th ed. American Ornithologist Union, Lawrence, KS.

Borror, D. J., and R, E. White. 1970. A Field Guide to the Insects.Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.

Burt, W. H., and R. P. Grossenheider. 1964, A Field Guide to the Manuals,N Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.Conant, R. 1958. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians. Houghton

Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.Emerton, J. H. 1961. The Comnon Spiders of the United States.

Dover Publications Inc., New York, NY.

Gleason, H. A. 1952. The New Britten and Brown Illustrated Flora (3vols.), New York Botanical Garden, NY.

Gosner, K. L. 1971. Guide to Identification of Marine and EstuarineInvertebrates. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY.

Holland, W. J. 1968 The Moth Book. Dover Publications Inc.,New York, NY.

Klots, A. B. 1951. A Field Guide to the Butterflies. Houghton MifflinCo., Boston, MA. ,

Lipson, A. J. and R. L. Lipson. l1984. Life in the Chesapeake Bay. TheJohns Hopkins University PHJSS, Baltimore, MD.

Moser, A. 1988. Personal Communication. Endangered Species Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Annapolis, MD.

Pennak, R. W. 1953. Fresh-Water Invertebrates of the United states. TheRonald Press Co., New York, NY.

Reese, J. 1987. An Inventory of Vascular Plants and Biota at WildcatSuperfund Site in Kent county, Delaware. Prepared for U. S. Fish andWildlife Service Annapolis, MD.

Shirey, c. A,, 1987. Stream and Inland Bays Fish Survey. Project F-37-R-1Annual Report. Delaware Department of Natural Resources andEnvironmental Control, Division of Fish and Wildlife, Dover, DE.

Victors, R., 1988. Personal Communication. Delaware Natural HeritageInventory, Delaware Division of Parks and Recreation. Dover, DE.

Appendix Page 23

i jRR30I763

iOAppendix B

INORGANIC BIOACCUMULATION

WDR341/033/3 ,AR30I76I*

955 L'ENFANT PLAZA, S.W.6TH FLOORWASHINGTON, O.C, 20024(2021646.6800

M/WTOfi V-X MSQNJfliWNSUlWtS

DATE I March 24, 1988

SUBJECT: INORGANIC DATA VALIDATION, SAS 3206CSITE: Wildcat Landfill

(A($FROM: MARY ANNA BABICH

ESAT SENIOR INORGANIC DATA REVIEWER

TO: DIANA BALDI' ESAT DEPUTY PROJECT OFFICER

THRU: GAIL DeRUZZO fe&ESAT TEAM MANAGER

OVERVIEW

The set of samples for SAS 3206C contained seventy-four11 (74) samples, which were analyzed through the Contract|U Laboratory Program (CLP) Special Analytical Services

(SAS). The sample set contained twenty (20) wholefish, twelve (12) fish fillets, twenty (20) whole mouseand twenty-two (22) turtle liver samples.BPMMARY

!All elements were successfully analyzed in all samples.Areas of concern with respect to data usability arelisted according to the seriousness of the problem.These include:

MINOR PROBLEMS

All preparation blanks for Zn (10 ppb, 10 ppb, 10 ppband 5 ppb) had a reported value >2 X IDL. The reportedvalues may be biased high. The data was qualified onthe highest concentrated preparation blank (10 ppb).Zn data for the following samples have been qualified"B": 3206C-01, 3206C-02, 3206C-04 thru 3206C-16,3206C-26 thru 3206C-74.

HR30I765

The Standard Reference Material 1577A was required as QCfor the SAS. The following analytes: Cd (true value" .44 mg/Kg ±0.06, found • .34) and Zn (true value *>123 mg/Kg ±8, found » 111) had results below theaccepted range. Therefore the reported results ofsimilar matrix (turtle liver) may be biased low. Thecd data for the following samples have been qualified"L" for positive results or "UL" for the undetectedanalytes: 3206C-53 thru 3206C-74. The Zn data for theabove samples are also affected but have been qualified"B" for Zn contamination.The Standard Reference Material 1577A was required as QCfor the SAS. The Pb (true value - .135 mg/Kg ±.015,found • .4) analyte had a result greater than theaccepted range, Therefore, the reported results ofsimilar matrix (turtle liver) may be biased high. ThePb data for the following samples have been qualified"K"! 3206C-53 thru 3206C-62, 3206C-66, 3206C-69 thru3206C-70 and 3206C-74.

The method spike recovery for whole mouse samples was_. below..the 75-125* control limit for the following

' , i analytes: Ba (45*), Cd (30*), Pb (68*) and Ni (70*).The sample results may be biased low. Therefore, thefollowing data for these analytes are qualified "L" forpositive values or "UL" for undetected analytes:3206C-33 thru 3206C-52.

The Zn method spike recovery for whole mouse sampleswas 219*, indicating a matrix interference orlaboratory specific problem, the samples may be biasedhigh. The Zn data for the following samples areaffected: 3206C-33 thru 3206C-52. However, theresults are qualified "B" due to Zn contamination.The method spike recovery for fish fillet samples wasbelow the 75-125* control limit for Cd (68*) and Zn(58*). The associated samples may be biased low. Thequantisation limits have been flagged "UL" for thefollowing samples: cd: 3206C-11 thru 3206C-15 and3206C-26 thru 3206C-32. The analyte Zn for thesesamples are affected. However, the data is qualified"B" due to Zn contamination.

ORR30I766

The method spike recovery for turtle liver samples wasbelow the 75-125* control limits for Zn (69*). 'Theassociated samples may be biased low. The following Zndata are affected: 3206C-53 thru 3206C-74. However,the data has been qualified "B" due to Zncontamination.The laboratory duplicate, 3206C-54, associated withturtle liver samples had a difference of ± CRDL for Ni(±40). Therefore, the Ni analyte is estimated for allassociated samples. The positive results have beenflagged "J" and the quantitation limits have beenflagged "UJ". The Ni analyte for the following sampleshave been qualified: 3206C-53 thru 3206C-74.

NOTES

Several samples had elevated detection limits due tothe .dilution of the sample. The- dilutions werenecessary to overcome matrix problems. The Fb analytewas affected. (See Table 2.)

The data was reviewed according to the National FunctionalGuidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses.

RR30I767

INFORMATION REQARDIKS REPORT CONTENT

Table 1A is a summary of qualifiers added to the laboratory'sresults during evaluation.

ATTACHMENTS

TABLE 1A SUMMARY OF QUALIFIERS ON DATA SUMMARY AFTERDATA VALIDATION

TABLE IB CODES USED IN COMMENTS COLUMN

TABLE 2 SUMMARY OF SAMPLES REQUIRING DILUTIONS

TABLE 3 GLOSSARY OF DATA QUALIFIERS CODES

TABLE 4 DATA SUMMARY FORMS

APPENDIX A RESULTS REPORTED BY LABORATORYFORM I

APPENDIX B PERCENT LIPIDS AND PERCENT SOLIDS REPORTEDBY LABORATORY

APPENDIX C DPO REPORT

APPENDIX D SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION . .

RR3QI768

TABLE 1A

SUHMXSY OF QDALimRS ON DATA SUMMARYAFTER DATA VALIDATION

QUALIFIERNON-

I POSITIVE DETECTED^KALYTE i SAMPLES EFFECTED VMDES VALDE8 BIAS COMMENTS*

Ba 3206C-33 - 3206C-52 L Low A (45*)

Cd i 3206C-11 - 3206C-15; UL Low A (681)3206C-26 - 3206C-323206C-53 - 3206C-55; UL Low D •3206C-57 - 3206C-61;3206C-63 - 3206C-72;3206C-743206C-56; 3206C-62; L3206C-73;3206C-33 - 3206C-40; L Low A (30*)3206042; 3206C-44-3206C-48;3206C-41; 3206C-43; UL3206C-49 - 3206C-52

Pb 3206C-33 - 3206C-52 L3206C-53 - 3206C-62; . K3206C-66; 3206C-69-3206C-70; 3206C-74

Ni 3206C-33 - 3206C-36; L Low A (70*)3206C-38 - 3206C-50;3206C-523206C-37,' 3206C-51 UL3206C-53 - 3206C-63; J B3206C-65 - 3206C-67;3206C-69 - 3206C-743206C-64; 3206C-68 • UJ

flR3.QI769

TABLE 1A • Cent.

SUMMARY OF QUALIFIERS ON DATA SUMMARYAFTER DATA VALIDATION

QUALIFIERNON-

POSITIVE DETECTEDANAtYTE SAMPLES AFFECTED VALDES VALPES BIAS COMMENTS*

' Zn 3206C-01 - 3206C-02; B High C3206C-04 - 3206C-10;3206C-163206C-53 - 3206C-74 B High C

DA (69*)

3206C-33 - 3206C-52 B High CE (219*)

3206C-11 - 3206C-15; B High C' 3206C-26 -,':3206C-32 !, A (58*)

\- \\* See explanation of comments in Table IB.

AR30I770

TABLE IB

CODES USED IN COMMENTS COLUMN

A • Due to a low method spike recovery (* Recovery inparentheses), indicating a matrix interference or laboratory

, specific problem, the reported results may be biased low.i'

B • The laboratory duplicate analysis results were outside thecontrol window of ±CRDL. Therefore, all the reported

'I | values are estimated.

C • Due to all preparation blanks having a result >2x IDL and thereported values being <5x the blank, the reported values maybe biased high.

D • The standard Reference Material 1577A result was less thanthe accepted range. The reported results may be biased low.

E • Due to a high method spike recovery (* Recovery inparentheses), indicating a matrix interference or laboratoryspecific problem, the reported results may be biased high.

iI;

The standard Reference Material 1577A result was greater thanthe accepted range, The reported results may be biased high.

HR30I771

TABLE 2

SUMMARY OF SAMPLES REQUIRING DILUTIONS

RESULTANTANALYTE SAMPLES AFFECTED QUANTITATIOK LIMIT (BO/Kgl

Pb 3206C-01 0.03U3206C-07 0.10U3206C-08 0.10U3206C-09 0.10U3206C-10 0.10U3206C-11 0.09U3206C-12 0.09U3206C-13 0.09U3206C-14 0.09U3206C-15 0.09U •3206C-16 0.10U3206C-17 0.10U3206C-18 0.05U3206C-20 0.10U3206C-26 0.06U3206C-27 0.09U3206C-28 0.06U3206C-29 0.09U3206C-30 0.06U3206C-31 0.06U3206C-32 0.06U3206C-63 0.10U3206C-65 | 0.10U3206C-67 ;i 0.10U3206C-68 0.10U3206C-71 0.10U3206C-72 0.10U3206C-73 0.10U

TABLE 3

GLOSSARY OF DATA QUALIFIER CODES (INORGANIC)

CODES RELATING TO IDENTIFICATION(confidence concerning presence or absence of compounds):

U » Not detected. The associated number indicatesapproximate sample concentration necessary to bedetected.

(NO CODE) » Confirmed identification. .B • Not detected substantially above the level reported

in laboratory or field blanks.R " Unreliable result. Analyte may or may not be

present in the sample. Supporting data necessaryto confirm result.

CODES RELATED TO OUANTITATION ;(can be used for both positive results and sample quantitationlimits):

J B Analyte Present. Reported value may not be| accurate or precise. \

K B Analyte present. Reported value may be biasedhigh. Actual value is expected to be lower.

L » Analyte present. Reported value may be biased low..Actual value is expected to be higher.

UJ » Not detected, quantitation limit may be inaccurateor imprecise. ,

UL • Not detected, quantitation limit is probablyhigher.

OTHER CODES

Q B No analytical result.

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Appendix C

ORGANIC BIOACCUMULATION

WDR341/033/4

O

DATE: April 7, 1988

SUBJECT: Organic Data Validation SAS 3206CSite: Wildcat Landfill TID No. 03880204

FROM: Joanne E. HefflegerîA David E. Gallis ®ESAT Organic Data Reviewer ESAT Sr. Org. Data Reviewer

TO: Diana BaldiESAT Deputy Project Officer

THRU: Gail E. DeRuzzo <£ESAT Team Manager

Overview

Special Analytical Services (SAS) 3206C consisted of twelve (12)fish fillet samples, twenty (20) whole mouse samples and.four (4)turtle fat samples. (See packing list in Appendix J.) Allsamples were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Thefish and turtle fat samples were also analyzed for semi-volatiletarget compounds, The analyses for PCBs included two (2)performance evaluation (PE) samples, and three (3) laboratoryduplicate samples. The analysis for semi-volatiles included asample with five (5) replicate spikes of all target compounds andone (1) laboratory duplicate. All'concentrations were reportedin units of microgram per gram (ug/g) on the Form Is ofAppendices c and D.This SAS request was an experimental effort between Region III andthe U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (See SAS request in AppendixG). Laboratory procedures required in the SAS are currently indevelopment stages, therefore, isome of the QC requirements as per10/86 Contract Laboratory Program,(CLP) Statement of Work (SOW) forOrganics Analysis were not attainable. (See Appendix E formethodology.) ;Data Validation and Usability

o The semi-volatile analyses of all required samples showedacid surrogate recoveries of 0%. All quantitation limits foracid extractables were flagged "R" for unreliable in the datasummary of Appendix B. (See Form II SV-2 of Appendix H).

SR30I789

o Because of the failure to identify and quantitate all Aroclorspresent in the PE samples, the Aroclor 1260 levels reported inAppendices B and c should be considered as "total Aroclor"values. All positive results have been flagged estimated (J)and quantitation limits have been flagged unreliable (R) forAroclors in all samples. (Also see Appendix F).

o With the exception of sample 3206C-29, positive results wereflagged "L" and quantitation limits were flagged "R" for allbase/neutral extractable compounds. All samples except3206C-29, had one (1) or more base/neutral surrogate recoveriesunder 10%. (See Form II SV-2 of Appendix H).

o All positive results for semi-volatile and PCS analyses are,in the judgment of the reviewer, qualitatively accurate. This isevidenced by the mass spectra and chromatographic comparisons.

Sample Specific Commenta

o The semi-volatile Form I for sample 3206C-76 has beencorrected and included in Appendix H. Results for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and naphthalene were transposed on the Form Isubmitted by the laboratory.

o The following samples had holding times and analysis timesexceeded for semi-volatile analyses:

No. of Days No, of Days PastPast Holding Times Holding Time

Sample for Extraction, for Analysis

3206C-11 5 13206C-12 5 13206C-13 5 13206C-14 5 132065-15 5 13206C-26 5 13206C-27 5 2320SC-28 7 23206C-29 7 23206C-30 7 23206C-31 7 23206C-32 7 23206C-75 7 23206C-76 7 23206C-77 7 23206C-78 7 2

Quantitation limits for the base/neutral compounds in sample3206C-29 are qualified "UL" on the basis of 'the above holdingtime.

flR3Q!790

O

General Conclusions

o The quality control (QC) criteria specified under 10/86 CLP-SOW and required by this SAS is unattainable using the SASspecified preparative procedures, (See Appendices F and I)

o The extraction efficiency in the PCB preparative procedure isunknown and the instrument performance for the PCB analyses isindeterminent. (See Appendices E and I).

o The results reported in the data summary of Appendix B forneutral and polynuclear aromatic semi-volatile compounds maybe more usable than Functional Guidelines used for RAS DataValidation allow. (See Appendix I).

o Modification and reorganization of the SAS specifiedprocedures may significantly increase the amount of dataattainable. (See Appendices E and I).

o All target compound concentrations were calculated based onwhole tissue wet weights.

o There were several percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) andpercent differnece (ID) criteria that were not met for severalcompounds. In all cases, the data qualifications based on thesecalibration imprecisions are the same as (or are superceded by)the qualifiers given on the basis of surrogate recoveries.

All data has been reviewed for consistency with the SAS 3206Crequest (see Appendix G). All data has been validated andqualified in accordance with the Functional Guidelines forEvaluating Organic Analyses with Modifications for Use WithinRegion III.

RR30I79I

Attachments

1) Appendix A - Glossary of Data Qualifiers2) Appendix B - Data Summary. These include:

(a) All positive results for target compounds with' qualifier flags where applicable;

(b) All unusable detection limits (flagged "R").3) Appendix C - Results as Reported by the Laboratory for all

Target Compounds4} Appendix D - Reviewed and Corrected Tentatively Identified

Compounds5) Appendix E - Analytical Methodology6) Appendix F - QA/QC Results7) Appendix G - SAS Request for 3206C8) Appendix H - Support Documentation9) Appendix I - Discussion of Procedure and Possible Improvements10) Appendix J - Sample Packing List

RR30I792

Appendix A

Glossary of Data Qualifier Codes

,1.

10 , RR30I793

GEOSSAS* OF DATA QUALIFIER CODES (ORGANIC)

CODES REiaTING TO iaprTI?ICATIOH(confidence concerning presence or absence of compounds)!

U » Not detected. The associated number indicatesapproximate sample concentration necessary- to bedetected.

(NO CODE) » Confirmed identification.B " Not detected substantially above the level reported

in laboratory or field blanks.R • Unreliable result, Analyte may or may not be

present in the sample. Supporting data necessary toconfirm result,

N « Tentative identification. Consider present.Special methods may be needed to confirm itspresence or absence in future sampling efforts.

CORES RELATED JO. OUAMTITATIOH >(can be used for both positive results and sample quantitatl$ilimits): . .

j B Analyte present. Reported value may not be accurateor precise.

X B Analyte present. Reported value may be biased high.Actual value is expected to be lower.

L B Analyte present. Reported value may be biased low.Actual value is expected to be higher.

UJ. • Not detected, quantitation limit may be inaccurateor imprecise.

UL « Not detected, quantitation limit is probably higher.

OTHER, CODES

Q • No analytical result.

HR30I79I*

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Appendix D

AQUATIC TOXICITX

WDR341/033/5

flR3Q!8!Q

WILDCAT LANDFILL

Dover, Delaware

Aquatic Toxicity Evaluation

Prepared by:Robert L, Donaghy, BiologistLynne E, Bailey, BiologistJames H. Green, Biologist

Biology Section, Wheeling OfficeEnvironmental Services Division

• Wheeling, West Virginia

AR30I8I

WILDCAT LANDFILL TOXICITY TESTS

INTRODUCTION

At the request of the Hazardous Waste Management Division andwith assistance from personnel from the U.S. Fish and W i l d l i f eService, surface and groundwater samples from the Wildcat l a n d f i l lwere collected on 6/23/86 and 6/30/86 and were tested on 6/24/86 and7/1/86, Runoff from the site enters the St, Jones River near theDover Air Force Base. Dates, times and station descriptions can befound tn Table 1,CONCLUSIONS ,'

Some of the surface water sampled at the Wildcat l a n d f i l l wasacutely toxic to the test animals. Toxlclty varied from not toxicto extremely toxic (LCso<10X).

There was generally poor agreement between the fathead-Daphnlatests and the Mlcrotox test. It Is not known what, (fany, signif-icance there Is tn the fact that the sample collected at B1o 2 wastoxic to the Mlcrotox bacteria but not to the other test animals,RESULTS

I A summary of test conditions and results can be found In<L- Appendix A, Table 2 contains the chemical and physical sample data

and Table 3 contains toxlclty test results,Bio 1 - This sample was moderately toxic to both the fathead

minnow and Daphnla pulex with LCgg's of 30.5X and 58,IX, respectively,The 90.9X concentration caused a 40X light reduction In the Mtcrotoxtest; this "fould be considered slightly toxic.

Bio 2 - This sample was not toxic to either the fathead minnowor Daphnla pulex. It was, however, moderately toxic In the Mlcrotoxtest producing an ECjo of 39X.

Bio 3 - This sample was not toxic to either the fathead minnowor the Mtcrotox test bacteria. It was moderately toxic to theDaphnla pulex with an LC§o of 46.6)1. This toxlclty was attributed

.ample salinity (8 ppt) not necessarily to other toxicantsto the sampIn the leachate.

Bio 4 - This sample was extremely toxic to both the fatheadminnow and Daphnla pulex with LCjo's of 6,3)1 and 9X, respectively,

atlon caused a 58X light reduction In the MlcrotoxThe 90.9X concentrattest; this would be considered slightly toxic.

Bio 5 - This sample was moderately toxic to both the fatheadminnow and Daphnla pulex with LCRQ'S of 56.9% and 50,7X, respectiveThe sample was not toxic In the Mlcrotox test,

AR30I8I2

O

B1o 6 - This sample was not toxic to either the' fathead minnowor Daphnla pulex. It did, however, cause a 38X light reduction 1nthe Mlcrotox test; this would be considered slightly toxic.METHODS

The tests conducted Included 48 hour definitive toxlclty testswith fathead minnows and Daphnla pulex and a 5 or IS minute Mlcrotox*test. The sources of the basic methodology used were "Methods forMeasuring the Acute Toxlclty of Effluents to Aquatic Organisms"1 andthe "Mlcrotox System Operating Manual"2

|! A. CLEANING1, The glassware cleaning procedure consists of a hot detergent

wash, two tapwater rinses, a 15* HC1 rinse, two tapwater rinses, anacetone rinse, three final tapwater rinses and air drying.B. TEST ORGANISMS

In-house cultures of fathead minnows (Plmephales pfomelas) andDaphnla pulex provided animals for the acute toxlclty tests. Theoriginal fathead brood stock was obtained from the USEPA NewtownFish Toxicology Laboratory and the WVDNR Palestine Fish Hatchtry,Lyophlltzed btolumlnescent marine bacteria (Photobacterlum fhos-pho'reum) obtained from Mlcroblcs Corporation were reconstitutedand the .bacterial suspension used for the Mlcrotox test,

Fathead minnow culture conditions:Type of culture ' static-renewalCulture vessel 20-gallon glass aquariaCulture media aged, aerated tapwaterRenewal rate one time per monthAeration-filtration continuous air driven sponge

filterSpawning substrate longitudinally cut sections of

three-Inch pvc pipe and threeand four-Inch clay pots

TemperaturePhotopertodType of food

C16h~11ght - 8h darkflake food, frozen brine shrimp

Feeding regime one feeding of each type offood, five or more days perweek

The spawning substrates are checked each workday for fresh spawn,All eggs are removed from the substrate, placed In a hatching vesseland aerated vigorously until hatched, The larvae are then transferredto aquaria and fed newly hatched brine shrimp twice dally, Some ofthe young are used as test animals; a few are reared and used asbrood animals; and the rest, If not used within 30 days, are disposedof,

AR30I8I3

The o r i g i n a l U a p h n t a pulex seed culture was provided by theV i r g i n i a Polytechnic InstTtuTe and State University,

Daphnla pulex culture conditions;; Type of culture static-renewali Culture vessel 2-gallon glass aquaria

Culture media aged, aerated tapwaterRenewal rate , 90-95)1 of the culture media

and animals are removed and, discarded weekly, The cul-

tures are then replenishedwith fresh media and food.

Aeration ,' continuous gentle aerationFiltration noneTemperature ambient laboratory temperaturePhotoperlod 16h l i g h t • Bh darkType of food "fish tank" algaeFeeding regime one feeding per day, five or

more days per weekLess than 24 hour old young are used as test animals, They are

obtained by separating adults from the cultures and holding them|[, overnight In a separate aquarium, The young produced overnight are

then separated and used for testing.C, PROCEDURES

Fathead Minnows and Daphnla••••••••«••M.MM••••••••••••»•] ^ if|

1. The test containers used for the fathead minnow and Daphnlapulex tests are standard 1500 ml and 400 ml borlstllcate glassbeakers, respectively,

2, Samples - Personnel from the USFWS, Annapolis, MD collectedall samples. A single grab was collected for the 48-hour tests.New one-gallon disposable plastic cubltalners were used as samplecontainers. Samples were shipped to Wheeling via express air andwere received and set up the day after collection.

Moderately hard reconstituted water was prepared and usedas dilution water,

3. Experimental Design - A control and a series of fivelogarithmic concentrations were selected for the test. Two-litertest solutions were prepared, 800 ml was dispensed to duplicate testchambers for the fathead test and 200 ml to duplicate chambers forthe Daphnla test, Ten 22-25 day old fatheads and Daphnla less than,24 hours old were distributed to each chamber. The tests wereset up using the following dilution series (% effluent by volume):100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and control,

, I

4, Temperature and light - The tests were performed underambient laboratory temperature and light conditions,

i i! A R 3 0I8II»

•• 5. Chemical Measurements - The dissolved oxygen, pH, specificconductance and temperature were measured In every fathead testchamber at the beginning and end of each test, Allquots for hardnessand a l k a l i n i t y determinations were removed from each sample containerand preserved until analyzed,

6. Aeration - The dissolved oxygen values In the samples weretypically less than or equal to 4 ppm. Therefore, during setup,all samples were aerated to 7.8-8.3 ppm,

7, Calculations - The LCgo Is calculated using the MovingAverage Angle method,

8. Quality Assurance - The use of controls and duplicate testcontainers for each concentration during the static test serve asquality assurance tools by demonstrating reproduclbllUy. Period-i c a l l y , the fatheads and Daphnla are tested with reference toxicantsto assure that the cultures will react normally to a toxic material,Mlcrotox

OMlcrotox assays were (performed using the Beckman Model 2055

Toxlclty Analyzer System w,1th reagents and lyophtltzed luminescentmarine bacteria supplied by the manufacturer, Initially, allquotsof each sample and a blank control were Inoculated with the testorganisms and analyzed for blolumlnescence. Those samples whichhad significantly lower light outputs than the control were submittedto additional testing 1n dilution series to see If an ECjo couldbe obtained.

t. ni

1, Each In i t i a l assay consisted of triplicate 1 ml allquotsof each of four samples and a 2X NaCl diluent blank control providedby the manufacturer. Samples were osmotlcally adjusted to 2X NaClfor compatibility with the marine bacteria resulting In a final !'test concentration of 90.9X, Sample and control allquots wereprecooled In Incubator wells to 15" C at which time 10 Ml of thereconstituted test organisms were added to each aliquot, After afive minute exposure period, light output measurements were madeu t i l i z i n g the photometer portion of the analyzer system and recordedIon the attached strip chart recorder. These data were reduced bycalculating the mean percent difference between the control lightoutput and that of each sample tested,

2, Any sample with a light output approximating BOX or lessof that of the control was retested using four serial dilutions anda diluent control, The sample was osmotlcally adjusted to 2X NaClprior to making Initial 2:1 serial dilutions, Ten Ml of freshlyreconstituted test organisms was added to each of ten cuvettescontaining 0,5 ml diluent equilibrated to 15° C In the Incubator

A R 3 Q I 8 I 5

L

wells. I n i t i a l l i ght measurements were made for each of the10 cuvettes after which duplicate allquots (0.5 ml) of each sampled i l u t i o n and control were added to the Ind i v i d u a l cuvettes. Lightmeasurements were then made 5 and 15 minutes after addition. Thediluent control mean light output values were used to normalizeeach sample light output result to correct for the natural lightdecrease over time. The corrected I n i t i a l light output and 5 and15 minute l i g h t output values were used to calculate gamma effects(the ratio of the amount of light lost to the amount of l i g h tremaining), The gamma effect values were plotted as a function ofsample concentration on log-log graph paper and a best-fit l i n e wasdrawn through the points, The ECgn was determined by the Inter-section of the line with a gamma effect of 1,0 (50X/50X).

Saltier, W. H. and Weber, C, 1. - "Methods for Measuring the AcuteToxlclty of Effluents to Freshwater and Marine Organisms",EPA/600/4-B5/013 (1985) „

2Beckman, Carlsbad, CA. Mlcrotox* System Operating Manual, 1982,

AR3.0I8I6

; TABLE l•««•''

Station Description Sample Date/TimeBIO 1, DWREC SW-19, West side of large pond June 23, 1986/1500 hrs,BIO 2, Leachate, East end of freshwater pond June 23, 1986/1610 hrs.BIO 3, Leachate, South side of landfill June 23, 1986/1645 hrs,

r BIO 4, Monitoring well 14 June 30, 1986/1545 hrs.BIO 5, North slde'of MW-7 June 30, 1986/1600 hrs,BIO 6, East end of large pond June 30, 1986/1645 hrs,

TABLE 2Chemical and Physical Characteristics

Hardness Alkalinity Specific DissolvedSample (mg/1) (mg/1) Conductance £H Oxygen (mg/11BIO 1 388 9 900-1000 7,6-8.2 ,6.3-7,0

BIO 2 140 247 1200-1250 8.0-8,1 6,4-6.9

BIO 3 304 126 13000-13500 7,4-7.8 6.6-7,0

BIO 4 292 1665 3500-3950 8.0-8.3 4,8-6.8

BIO 5 1030 338 9000 8,1-8,3 5.1-7,9

BIO 6 148 233 1275-1300 B.1-B.3 6.0-7,2;l

Diluent 92 73 300-330 7.6-8.0 7,8-7,9

AR30I8I7.iit

TABLE 3

Toxicity Test Results

Fathead Daphnla MlcrotoxBIO 1 LC50 * 30,5X LC50 • 58.IX Slightly toxicBIO 2 Not Toxic Not Toxic EC50 • 39X

810 3 Not Toxic LC50 * 46.6X Not Toxic

BIO 4 LC'50 - 6.3X LC50 • 9X Slightly Toxic

BIO 5 LC50 • 56,9X LC50 * 50.7X Not ToxicBIO 6 Not Toxic Not Toxic Slightly ToxicControl 100X Survival 100X Survival •" —

AR3QI8I8

b APPENDIX A '

3AR30I8I9

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION RGENCV, REGION IIIWHEELINB BIOLQQY UNIT

TQXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS

SIMPLE DESCRIPTION vCPNPflNY NOME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION i Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. i OUTFALL NO. l FLOW I 0.000 SIC CODEl 0DESCRIPTION UP OUTFALL i Bio i, DWREC SW-19, West lid* of large pond

RECEIVING STREAM i St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(B) i 06/23/86 1SOO hrs TYPE i GrabDflTE TEST STARTED l 06/24/86 COMPLETED l 06/26/86 REPORTED l 12/31/86LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. l 8606240308

TEST CONDITIONS , '

TYPE OF TEST i 48 hour .cute TEST ANIMALi Fathead minnownCCLINATION TIME i LENGTH lCONTROL SURVIVAL l 100* WEIGHT lSTATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE i Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED i DeathTEST CONTAINER i 1SOO ml beaker TEST VOLUME i 600 ml *"CONCENTRATIONS TESTED l 100S, BOX, 25S, 12.EX, 6.25S, OS(control)Rl-PLICATES i 2 NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE i 10TEST ANIMAL ABE I 22 - SS daysFOOD PRIOR TO TEST i brine shrimp FEEDING FREQUENCY i SX/day Sdays/TEST TEMPERATURE i 21 - 24 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD i Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION MATER i Reconstituted

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS388 mg/1 92 rng/19 nig/I 73 rng/1900 - 1000 300 - 3307i£ - 8. 2 7.6 - 8.06.3 - 7.0 mg/1* 7.8 - 7.9

0 ppt

HARDNESSRLKflLINITYCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSALINITYTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS

LC(SO) » 30.5* 9SX confidence interval £5.1% - 36.5S

REMARKS

* Sample aerated prior to setup.

AR30I820

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION IIIWHEELING BIOLOGY UNIT

TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS

'"SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION i Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. l OUTFALL NO. I FLOWI 0.000 SIC CODEi 0DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL t Bio i, DWREC 5W-19, West side of large pond

RECEIVING BTREHM i St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) t 06/23/86 1SOO hrs TYPE l GrabDATE TEST STARTED i 06/24/86 COMPLETED i 06/26/86 REPORTED i 12/31/86LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. l 8606240308

TEST CONDITIONS ' '

j TYPE OF TEST : 48 hour acute TEST ANIMALi Daphnia pulex1 ACCLIMATION TIME i LENGTH i

CONTROL SURVIVAL t 100S WEIGHT lSTATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE i Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED i Immobilization ,«.TEST CONTAINER i 400 nil beaker TEST VOLUME i 200 nilCONCENTRATIONS TESTED I 100K, SO*, S5X, 12.5K, 6.25*, OK(control)REPLICATES l £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER.REPLICATE l 10TEST ANIMAL AGE i (24 hours

D PRIOR TO TEST t Algae 'FEEDING FREQUENCY i IX/day 5days/i. )EST TEMPERATURE i 21 - 24 degrees C

IVPHOTD PERIOD j Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Reconstituted

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSALINITY

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS388 mg/1 92 mg/19 nig /I 73 nig/I900 - 1000 300 - 3307.6-8.2 7.6-8.06.3 - 7.0 rng/1* . 7.8-7.9 mg/1

0 pptTOT. CHLORINE)TEST'RESULTSEC (SCO B 58. IS 95* confidence interval 52.5X - 65.3*

REMARKS


AR3UI82I



SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION i Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. i OUTFALL NO. i FLOWl 0.000 SIC CODEl 0DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL i Bio 1, DWREC BW-19, West side of larRo pond - Leachat

RECEIVING STREAM i St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) i 06/23/86 1500 hrs TYPE i GrabDATE TEST STARTED t 06/24/86 COMPLETED l 06/24/86 REPORTED i 12/31/86 |LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. l 8606240308

TEST CONDITIONS i'

TYPE Op TEST : Microtox TEST ANIMALi BacteriaACCLIMATION TIME t LENGTH lCONTROL SURVIVAL i WEIGHT i' 'STATISTICAL, METHOD i SOURCE i Beckman M508EFFECT MEASURED i Light reductionTEST CONTAINER i Cuvettes TEST VOLUME i 1 fill ""CONCENTRATIONS TESTED i 90.9*, OX (control) . \\REPLICATES s Z NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE l 0 ;TEST ANIMAL AGE lFOOD PRIOR TO TEST l . FEEDING FREQUENCY lTEST TEMPERATURE i 15 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD :SOURCE: OF DILUTION WATER i Beckman nsio

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS388 nig/I9 rng/1900 - 10007.6 -8.£

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSALINITYTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS

EC (50) * None

REMARKS

90.9* concentration caused a 40* light reduction.

BR30I822

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION li'IWHEELING BIOLOGY UNIT

J••""">, TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS'" 'SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat Landfill •LOCATION i Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. i OUTFALL NO. i FLOWl 0.000 SIC CODEiDESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL i Bio 2, East end of freshwater pond - Leachate

RECEIVING STREAM i St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) i 06/23/86 1610 hrs TYPE i GrabDATE TEST STARTED f 06/24/B6 COMPLETED l 06/26/86 REPORTED l 12/31/8E|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. i 6606240307

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST t 48 hour acute TEST ANIMALi Fathead minnowACCLIMATION TIME I LENGTH fCONTROL SURVIVAL l 100S WEIGHT l

|| STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE i Wheeling Lab cultureI1 EFFECT MEASURED i Death *,

TEST CONTAINER i 1500 ml beaker TEST VOLUME i 800 mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED l ICO*, 50*, 25*, 12.5*, 6.25*, 0*(control)REPLICATES l 2 NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE l 10TEST ANIMAL ABE i 22 - 25 days

I /""NFOOD PRIOR TO TEST i Brine shrimp ' FEEDING FREQUENCY i £X/day Sdays/II .JTEST TEMPERATURE i si - 24 degrees cIL PHOTO PERIOD i Ambient daylight

SOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Reconstituted

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS140 mg/1 I 92 mg/1£47imB<'l ; 73 mg/11200 - 1250 , 300 - 3308.01'- 8.1 7.6 - fl.O6.4 - 6.9 mg/l# 7.8 - 7.9 rng/1


TEST RESULTS

LC(SO) B Not toxic

REMARKS


0 ppt

O«R30I823


• TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION i Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. l FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE l 0DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL i Bio £, East end of freshwater pond - Leachate

RECEIVING, STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) i 06/23/86 1610 hrs TYPE ) GrabDOTE TEST STARTED ) 06/24/86 COMPLETED ) 06/26/86 REPORTED l 12/31/86LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. ) 8606240307

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST i 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Daphnia pulexACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH i.CONTROL SURVIVAL ) 100* WEIGHT )STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE i Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED : Immobilization .,.TEST CONTAINER i 400 ml beaker TEST VOLUME i £00 nilCONCENTRATIONS TESTED 1.100*, 50*, 25*, 12.5*, 6.25*, OK (control)REPLICATES ) S NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE l 10TEST ANIMAL AGE ) (£4 hoursFOOD PRIOR TO TEST i Algae ' FEEDING FREQUENCY I IX/dayTEST TEMPERATURE t £1 - 24 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD ) Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Reconstituted

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS140 mg/1 92 mg/1247 mg/1 73 rng/11200 - 1250 300 - 330a. o - a. i 7.6 - e.o6.4 - 6.9 rng/1* 7.8 - 7.9 rng/1

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSflLINITYTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS

EC(50) B Not toxic

REMARKS


0 ppt

flR3GI82l»



.,>'SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME : Wildcat LandfillLOCATION i Dover, DE QPERMIT NO. i OUTFALL NO. l FLOW) 0.000 BI'C CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL ) Bio 2, East end of freshwater pond - Leachate

RECEIVING STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) ) 06/23/86 1610 hrs TYPE i GrabW1TE TEST STARTED l 06/25/86 COMPLETED I 06/25/86 REPORTED ) 12/31/86LABORATORY SANPLE NO. i 8606240307

TEST CONDITIONS > '

TYPE OF TEST i Microton TEST ANIMAL) BacteriaACCLIMATION TIME I LENGTH )CONTROL SURVIVAL ) WEIGHT ISTATISTICAL METHOD i ' SOURCE ) Beckman MSOBEFFECT MEASURED i Light reduction +TEST CONTAINER I Cuvettes TEST VOLUME l 1 mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED I 45*, 22.5*, !!.£*, 5.6*, OX(control) 'REPLICATES ) S NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE l 0

., TEST ANIMAL AGE )FOOD PRIOR TO TEST I • FEEDING FREQUENCY )EST TEMPERATURE ) 15 degrees C 'IIOTO PERIOD )SOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Beckman M510

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS140 rug/I£47 rng/1 i1200 - I£50 I8. 0 -B. 1 !

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYpHDIS. OXYGENSALINITYTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS

EC(50) « 39*

REMARKS

EC(50) determined after 15 rnin exposure.

flR3QI825


| TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION ) Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL ) Bio 3, South side of landfill - Leachate

RECEIVING STF1EAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) i 06/23/86 1645 hrs TYPE i GrabDATE TEST STARTED I 06/24/86 COMPLETED l 06/26/86 REPORTED ) l£/31/8i|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. l Q606240309

TEST CONDITIONS ,'

TYPE OF TEST : 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Fathead minnowACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH ICONTROL SURVIVAL ) 100* WEIGHT lSTATISTICAL METHOD ) Moving average-angle SOURCE i Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED i Death ^TEST CONTAINER i 1500 nil beaker TEST VOLUME i 800 nilCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100*, SO*, £5K, 18.5*, 6.25*, 0*(control)REPLICATES l £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE l 10TEST ANIMAL AGE ) £2 - £5 daysFOOD PRIOR TO TEST ) Brine Bhrimp FEEDING FREQUENCY ) SX/day Sclav*/1TEST TEMPERATURE ) 21 - 24 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD ) Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Reconstituted

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYpHCIS. OXYGENSALINITYTOT. CHLORINE)

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS304 mg/1 9£ rng/1126 mg/1 73 rng/113000 - 13500 300 - 3307.4 - 7. fl . 7.6 - 8.06,6 - 7.0 mg/1* 7.8 - 7.9 mg/1B ppt 0 ppt

TEST RESULTS

LC<50) B Not toxic-

REMARKS


flR30i826


TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS'

-' SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME ) Wildcat LandfillLOCATION ) Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. > OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL ) Bio 3, South side of landfill - Leachate

RECEIVING STREAM i St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) ) 06/23/86 1645 hrs TYPE ) GrabDflTE TEST STARTED ) 06/24/86 COMPLETED l 06/26/86 REPORTED i 12/31/BE |LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. ) 6606240309

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST ) 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Daphnia pulexACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH iCONTROL SURVIVAL ) 100* WEIGHT )STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE i Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED i Immobilization •<•TEST CONTAINER ) 400 ml beaker TEST VOLUME i £00 nilCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100*, 50*, 25*, 12.S*, 6.£5*, 0*(control)RE'PLICATES I £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE ) 10TEST ANIMAL AGE ) (24 hours

D PRIOR TO TEST i Algae ' FEEDING FREQUENCY i IX/day Sdays/' • >EST TEMPERATURE ) 21 - 24 degrees Cfc-'PHQTQ PERIOD ) Ambient daylight


HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSALINITYTOT. CHLORINE!

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS304 rng/l 92 mg/1126 ing/1 73 rng/113000 - 13500 . 300 - 3307.4 - 7. B 7.6-8.06.6 - 7.0 mg/1* . 7. fl - 7.9 mg/1a ppt o ppt

TEST RESULTS i

EC(SO) • 46.6* 95* confidence interval 37.1 - 61.5

REMARKS


1R30I827



SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION > Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0,000 SIC CODE) lDESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL ) Bio 3, South side of landfill - Leachate

RECEIVING STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) i 06/23/86 1645 hrs TYPE ) GrablimK TEST STARTED ) 06/25/66 COMPLETED ) 06/25/66 REPORTED ) 12/31/81LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. I 8606240309

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST ) Microtox TEST ANIMAL) BacteriaACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH )CONTROL SURVIVAL ) WEIGHT )STATISTICAL METHOD i SOURCE ) Beckman M508EFFECT MEASURED ) Light reduction *•TEST CONTAINER i Cuvettes TEST VOLUME ) 1 nilCONCENTRATIONS TESTED I 45*, £2.5*, 11.2*, 5.6*, 0*(control) 'REPLICATES I £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE ) 0TEST ANIMAL AGE )FOOD PRIOR TO TEST I , FEEDING FREQUENCY lTEST TEMPERATURE ) 15 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD >SOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Beckrnan M510


TEST RESULTS

EC(50) B Not toxic

REMARKS

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS304 mg/11££ rng/113000 - 13500•7.4 - 7.B

a ppt

AR30I-828


TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS-i

-•' SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION ) Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. i OUTFALL NO. I FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL i Bio 4, Monitoring well tt4

RECEIVING STREAM i St. Jones RiverSAMPLE Df)TE(B) r 06/30/86 1545 hrs TYPE ) GrabPATE TEST STARTED ) 07/01/86 COMPLETED ) 07/03/86 REPORTED ) 1£/31/8(|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. ) 6607010312

TEST CONDITIONS ' '

TYPE OF TEST ) 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Fathead minnowACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH ICONTROL SURVIVAL ) 100* WEIGHT )STATISTICAL METHOD ) Moving average-angle SOURCE ) Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED ) Death *TEST CONTAINER i 1500 ml beaker TEST VOLUME ) BOO rnlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100*, SO*, £5*, IS. 5*, 6.25*, 0* (control)REPLICATES ) £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE ) 10TEST ANIMAL AGE ) 14-21 daysFOOD PRIOR TO TEST i Brine shrimp ' FEEDING FREQUENCY i £X/day Sdays.TEST TEMPERATURE ) £0 - £3 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD > Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER ) Reconstituted

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICSS9£ nig/I1665 nig/13500 - 3950 310B.O - fl.3 7.94.8 - 6. B mg/1* 7.6 - B. £ mg/1

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYDMDIS. OXYGENSALINITY 0 pptTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS

LC(EO) - 6.3* 95* confidence interval 3.7* - 8.1*

REMARKS


HR30I829


TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS.

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME : Wildcat LandfillLOCATION ) Dover, DE 0 \\PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. l FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)1DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL ) Bio 4, Monitoring well «4

RECEIVING STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) t 06/30/86 1545 hra TYPE i QrabDATE TEST STARTED ) 07/01/86 COMPLETED ) 07/03/86 REPORTED l 1£/31/BELABORATORY SAMPLE NO. ) 8607010312

TEST CONDITIONS ,'

TYPE OF TEST i 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Daphnia pulexACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH )CONTROL SURVIVAL ) 100* WEIGHT )STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE ) Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED ) Immobilization ^TEST CONTAINER ) 400 ml beaker TEST VOLUME ) £00 mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100:4, 50*, £5*, 12.5*, 6.25*, 0*(control)REPLicnTEsl') £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE > 10TEST ANIMAL AGE I <£4 hoursFOOD PRIOR TO TEST ) Algae . , FEEDING FREQUENCY i IX/dayTEST TEMPERATURE ) £0 - £3 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD > Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Reconstituted

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS£92 nig/I1665 mg/13500 - 3950 3108.0 -8.3 7.94.B - 6.8 mg/1* 7.6 - 8.2 rng/1

0 ppt


TEST RESULTS•\t'ClSCD B 9.0* 95* confidence interval 7.3* - 10.4*'i

REMARKS


AR30I.830-

V U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION IIIWHEELING BIOLOGY UNIT ;j

/""\ TOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS1

--'SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME ) Wildcat LandfillLOCATION ) Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL i Bio 4, Monitoring well 04

RECEIVING STREAM i St. Jones River . ;SAMPLE DATE(S) ) 06/30/86 1545 hrs TYPE ) Grab iDATE TEST STARTED ) 07/01/86 COMPLETED l 07/01/86 REPORTED ) 12/31/86|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. ) 6607010312

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST ! Microtox TEST ANIMAL) BacteriaACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH iCONTROL SURVIVAL I WEIGHT lSTATISTICAL METHOD ) SOURCE i Beckman M605EFFECT MEASURED i Light reduction *.TEST CONTAINER ) Cuvettes TEST VOLUME i 1 mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED I 90.9*, 0*(control) •REPLICATES > 3 NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE I 0TEST ANIMAL AGE I

^wFUOD PRIOR TO TEST ) • FEEDING FREQUENCY )'" . JTEST TEMPERATURE i IS degrees C

, I><PHQTO PERIOD >SOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Beckrnan MS 10

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS ; DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS£92 mg/11665 rng/13500 - 3950B. 0 - 8.3


TEST RESULTS\

EC (50) IB None

REMARKS

90.9* concentration caused « 58* light reduction.

AR3I1I83



SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME > Wildcat LandfillLOCATION > Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. l FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL ) Bio 5, North side of MW-7

RECEIVING STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) i 06/30/86 1600 hrs TYPE > GrabDATE TEST STARTED l 07/01/B6 COMPLETED ) 07/03/66 REPORTED ) i£/31/B(|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. I 8607010313

TEST CONDITIONS i

TYPE OF TEST i 46 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Fathead minnowACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH )CONTROL SURVIVAL l 100* WEIGHT ) •STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE i Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED i DeathTEST CONTAINER i 1500 nil beaker TEST VOLUME ) BOO rnlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100*, 50*, 25*, 1£.S*, 6.£5*, 0*(control)REPLICATES ) £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE i 10TEST ANIMAL AGE ) 14 - 21 daysFOOD PRIOR TO TEST ) Brine shrimp , FEEDING FREQUENCY ) £X/dayTEST TEMPERATURE ) 20 - £2 degrees CPHOTO PERIOD ) Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Reconstituted

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSALINITY

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS1030 mg/1338 rng/19000 3108.1 - 8.3 7.95.1 - 7.9 rng/1* 7,6 -8.2 rng/1

0 pptTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS j

LC(SO) B 56.9* jj 95* confidence interval 51.2* - 64.1*

REMARKS

« Sample aerated prior to setup.

HR30i832

tr•""V

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, REGION IIIWHEELING BIOLOQY UNIT ;

iTOXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS

SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION i Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION QF OUTFALL ) Bio S, North side of MW-7

RECEIVING STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) I 06/30/86 1600 hrs TYPE i GrabDATE TEST STARTED > 07/01/66 COMPLETED ) 07/03/86 REPORTED ) l£/31/Bi|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. ) 6607010313

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST i 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Daphnia pulexACCLIMATION TIME I LENGTH )CONTROL SURVIVAL ) 100* WEIGHT )STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE ) Wheeling Lab cultureEFFECT MEASURED i Immobilization *•TEST CONTAINER i 400 ml beaker TEST VOLUME i 200 mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100*, 50*, 25*, 12.5*, 6.25*, 0*(control)REPLICATES t £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE ) 10TEST ANIMAL AGE ) (24 hoursFOOD PRIOR TO TEST i Algae ' FEEDING FREQUENCY ) IX/day SdaysJTEST TEMPERATURE ) 20 - £2 degrees CPMOTO PERIOD t Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER ) Reconstituted

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYpHDIS. OXYGENSALINITY

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS1030 nifl/1338 nig/19000 3108. 1 - 8.3 7.95.1 - 7.9 rng/1* . 7.6 - a.2 rng/1

0 pptTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS

EC(SO) • 50.7* 95* confidence interval 44.4* - 57.9*

REMARKS




SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME ) Wildcat LandfillLOCATION ) Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL ) Bio 5, North side of MW - 7

RECEIVING STREAM •) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DflTE(S) ) 06/30/86 1600 hrs TYPE I Grab'DATE TEST STARTED ) 07/01/86 COMPLETED ) 07/01/86 REPORTED ) 12/31/BE|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. t 8607010313

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST i Mierotox TEST ANIMAL) BacteriaACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH )CONTROL SURVIVAL ) WEIGHT )^STATISTICAL METHOD ) SOURCE ) Beckman MS08EFFECT MEASURED ) Light reduction *.TEST CONTAINER ) Cuvettes TEST VOLUME ) 1 mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED i 90.9*, 0*(control)REPLICATES ) 3 NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE ) 0TEST ANIMAL AGE )FOOD PRIOR TO TEST ) ' FEEDING FREQUENCY )TEST TEMPERATURE ) 15 degrees C .PHOTO PERIOD iSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER ) Becknian 0510


SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS1030 mg/1336 rng/19000 •8.1 - 8.3

TEST RESULTS

EC(50) B Not toxic

REMARKS

AR3UI831*



- SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME ) Wildcat LandfillLOCATION ) Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION 01- OUTFALL i Bio 6, East and of large pond

RECEIVING STREAM i St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) ) 06/30/86 1645 hrs TYPE ) GrabDATE TEST STARTED ) 07/01/86 COMPLETED l 07/03/86 REPORTED ) IE/31/86 |LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. I B607010314

TEST CONDITIONS ' '

! TYPE OF TEST ) 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Fathead minnow' ACCLIMATION TIME I LENGTH )

CONTROL SURVIVAL I 100* WEIGHT )I STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE ) Wheeling Lab culture

I EFFECT MEASURED > Death *.TEST CONTAINER ) 1500 nil beaker TEST VOLUME i BOO mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100*, 50*, 25*, 12.5*, 6.25*, 0*(control)

I REPLICATES I £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE ) 10i'i TEST ANIMAL AGE ) 14 - 21 days-.FOOD PRIOR TO TEST ) Brine shrimp • FEEDING FREQUENCY ) 2X/day Sdays/ i

• JEST TEMPERATURE ) 20 - 23 degrees CIOTO PERIOD ) Ambient daylight


SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS

1275 - 1300 3108. i - B.3 7.96.0-7.2 mg/1* 7.6 - B.2 rng/l

HARDNESS . 146 mg/1ALKALINITY £33 rng/lCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSALINITYTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST, RESULTS

LC(50) B Not toxic

REMARKS


0 ppt

AR30I835



SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

CUMPANY NAME i Wildcat LandfillLOCATION i Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. ) FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION OF OUTFALL i Bio 6, East end of large pond

RECEIVING STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) ) 06/30/86 1645 hrs TYPE ) GrabDOTE TEST STARTED l 07/01/06 COMPLETED ) 07/03/86 REPORTED ) 12/31/8-LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. ) B607010314

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST i 48 hour acute TEST ANIMAL) Daphnia pulexACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH iCONTROL SURVIVAL I 100* WEIGHT )

11 STATISTICAL METHOD i Moving average-angle SOURCE > Wheeling Lab cultureI' EFFECT MEASURED ) Immobilization

TEST CONTAINER i 400 ml beaker TEST VOLUME i 200 mlCONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 100*, 50*, 25*, 12.5*, 6.25*, 0*(control)REPLICATES ) £ NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE ) 10TEST ANIMAL AGE ) (24 hoursFOOD PRIOR TO TEST ) Algae ' FEEDING FREQUENCY I IX/dayTEST TEMPERATURE ) £0 - £3 dugrees CPHOTO PERIOD ) Ambient daylightSOURCE OF DILUTION WATER i Reconstituted

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS148 mg/1£33 mg/11£75 - 1300 310B. 1 - B.3 7.96.0 - 7. £ rng/1* 7.6 - B.£ rng/1

HARDNESSALKALINITYCONDUCTIVITYPHDIS. OXYGENSHLINITYTOT. CHLORINE!

TEST RESULTS

EC(50) « Not toxic

REMARKS


0 ppt

AR30I836 /


TQXICITY TEST CONDITIONS AND RESULTS

~; SAMPLE DESCRIPTION

COMPANY NAME ) Wildcat Landfill •LOCATION ) Dover, DE 0PERMIT NO. ) OUTFALL NO. I FLOW) 0.000 SIC CODE)DESCRIPTION UF OUTFALL i Bio 6, East end of large pond

RECEIVING STREAM ) St. Jones RiverSAMPLE DATE(S) ) 06/30/86 1645 hra TYPE ) GrabDATE TEST STARTED I 07/01/86 COMPLETED ) 07/01/86 REPORTED I 12/31/B6|LABORATORY SAMPLE NO. i 6607010314

TEST CONDITIONS ''

TYPE OF TEST ) Microtox TEST ANIMAL) Bacteria1 ACCLIMATION TIME ) LENGTH )

CONTROL SURVIVAL ) WEIGHT )STATISTICAL METHOD ) SOURCE ) Backnian MSOfl

. EFFECT MEASURED i Light reductionTEST CONTAINER ) Cuvettes TEST VOLUME ) 1 nil

i CONCENTRATIONS TESTED ) 90.9*, 0*(control)( | REPLICATES i 3 NUMBER OF ANIMALS PER REPLICATE I 011 TEST ANIMAL AGE I/""•vFOOD PRIOR TO TEST ) ' FEEDING FREQUENCY )' , JTEST TEMPERATURE i 15 degrees C

'PHOTO PERIOD )SOURCE OF DILUTION WATER ) Beckman M510

SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS DILUTION WATER CHARACTERISTICS148 mg/1HARDNESS

ALKALINITY £33 nig/ICONDUCTIVITY 1275 - 1300pH B. i - B. 3DIS. OXYGENSALINITYTOT. CHLORINE)

TEST RESULTS

EC(50) - none

REMARKS

90.9* concentration caused • 38* light reduction.

flR3QI837

Appendix E

SEDIMENT TOXICITY

WDR341/033/6 AR3UI838

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION _[Introduction

SECTION IITo»iicity Tes.ting of Sediment Leachates

BackgroundLeachate PreparationAn Evaluation of the Leachate Preparation ProcedureExperimental Design and TestingData AnalysisResultsInterpretation '"Acute Ton i city Tost Data Summary

Tables 1 and 2Chronic Test Data Summary

Tables 1 thru 8Correspondence

SECTION IIIGA/OC ProceduresReference Toxicant Data

SECTION IVStandard Operating Procedures

Preparation of Sediment/Soil Liquid Phase for 46-hourRangefinding Bioassay using «24h) Fathead Minnows(Pimephalea promelas) And Daphnia roaana.

Dilution Water Preparation for Leachate Testing (HardnessAdjusted).

Batch Preparation of Sediment/Soil Liquid Phase for 7-DayChronic Bioassay Using Fathead Minnows (pimeohaleE 'promelas) and/or (Cariodaphnia BD.).

48-Hour Rangefinding Bioassay for Sediment/Soil LiquidPhase using «24h) Fathead Minnows (Pimephal»« promelas)and Daohnia maona.

7-Day Static Renewal Chronic Bioaesay for Sediment/SoilLiquid Phase (LP) using the Fathead Minnow (pimephalespromelas) and Ceriodaphnia an.

SECTION V :; Chain of Custody Record , . AR30I839

INTRODUCTION

The following report details the toxicity testing results fromWildcat Landfill in Dover, Delaware. Acute toxicity testing (4Shr)was performed on All 19 sediment samples collected using Pimephalespromelaa and paphnia manna. Chronic toxicity testing was performedon 7 composites of the original samples. Chronic testing consistedof 7-day static renewal short-term survival and growth toxicity testsusing pimebhales promelas and 7-day static renewal short-termsurvival and reproduction toxicity tests using Ceriodaphnia dubia.

L

HR30I8I»0

0

0

TOXICITY TESTING OF SEDIMENT LEACHATES

Prepared For;Enviresponse, Inc.Environmental Emergency Response Unit (EERU)GSA Rarltan Depot, Woodbrldge Ave.Building-209, Bay rEdison, NJ 06877

May 21, 1987

n 3 A / 3 0 3

V S "i

Q/lflQUfl SURVC-V, INC.

TOXICITY TESTING OF1 LANDFILL SEDIMENT LEACHATES

SSSL'SEQUMBAf|i.i-9 Survey, Inc. i'ARJ'> was contracted April 7, 19EI7 hyEn Y<i response, Irii:. to provld* freshwater ai'nt* and rivrr.riirbidasaay "St-rviei-e on r.c-di metit s^mp] ore ,:.-,i i .-.rt"d fmrn •* l a n d f i l lin Dover, Delaware. Spefi fical ly, 19 ri.-.nt;.* and 7 chrnnii:bioasiMys wv>re per formed. Suidelin*6. for the preparation.•if aqueniiq ) >»acMti»o and ffv performing the htoassfl^'- i.i$re

rt 'M i rir.'CiiiiiHnt firo'.'idi>(H fnH.flr t o the bidding fir >>:(•• '"-I.

ciMvf-n '71 'Hvdidir-nl; ssmpUa w*r& nulivurc-d to ASI on April 7, 19Btiy Fti'lf'r.-O Fxpro^"-,. Th«:-sr ndrfipU'"! w-r»> contained in one-gallonpolyethylene bucl.et-' uithln ft vft-g.?n^n m*tal paint cans. Acoiiipl4t6d '.in ft '"i ' n-'-il f'i'." 'i-of-ciiffltod t'<t<* sf'jnnia'vl ••".' *ii:*i -it

l. Srl»'!r iffipoi1ch i f-C'f "C> |nit i<ltrty r"^ ART nn*- <nct!"i("toc1 ti"i TOC**'*' !••> ti!iritin^ t^sawp1 •'• An ASI .:'•.."' 'i- • '-fin*1 -i^y forni W.TEI '"•':iri'ip!*t'*r| fAf the jsrC'V,of B*v*n ",«ri,pi.;.« r*«:*i"*(! -Mid placiid in the Raw D?ta Fils. TheserlJrii'snt flarnplfts were imim*d1at«'ly placf-c) unopened in a wal>;-inr*fv't gerator "-t •! r1 '»•"••«'• r.

Similarly, twelv* O?) B^cllment s^mpl'-:- were received 'A*1 APTApi-il B,. i"iP7. TlK-"'> "-»nipl*s were W'/fireti to A5T H;/"nvirffpispntf, Inr. p*i'•"h.T i n«i"'f •"!•< ic^t; oHw ft-i»'f.', Acî^ a^ AC)T .-ii •»! »•<— i"1 -iûT-lrir^y ,,f o,.. iv.nl ,-,*iH fr.* *;i-.;: -••.;.u p "if *'•">! '.'e "?' p] »<i ,1'lf) plSCffd if1 f1'' R?.1n-t n K'U-t. The '.iyeJirii-:"!*1. ^srnples weri? imrnsrt lately placed '.'.iv/n.-.In a '.-Mlk-iri r (••lrigi?rator at 4 degree's c.

per d t r -c t i on H provided by Etwirti'SpiTiti'-.o, Inr,. (E-ihihit B),'i'iii A"ny Coi-p-j •:•' F^jin'^r g'.cj rjr-nnc-'u wn-re u«*i1 in

rt«"«eli"'pirvj a protocol for the preparation of sediment sampleUriKh'tes 'AS! Standard Clperattng Procedures 401 «nd <»03).Th*s* protocol o '.>«••>•* (nrinriyiA of t(v. six s»'-:-p procedure outlinedin Exhibit B. An lEC/Darno'i PR-6000 centrifuge w»a purchased byASI specifically *n fulfil., the requirements of the procedure.

Leschates were prepared from If* individual sediment <5arnpl*s foracuê teyting <SOP 401). The acute testing approach (48h (static)did not; require H-.it; a l.ii-gr- vrilu'i* nf le^chate he pr«p'a>'ed.Thwi efriro, Ifiarhn^-B ui-'-rf- pr-p^red for ear.'h «i,impiis and followingHie preparation nf thf-se I .j.ii.h^te^, the fieiidnpace of sediniwnt."amp'-r, di^r'* ftn*'1) u* th nl'rog''n •'nri istorvd at 4 degree? n.

AR30!8l*2

Subsequent chronic testing of 7 composite- «.arnpl*a required that avery large wot urn* of l*echatfc be used in daily renewals of thetest material. Because standard practice general) y hold': that ane'Muent i r. tr. be !in*.ri g? s on is pop=ib.l* ''tor (t.? i-A Meet Inn,Hi^r* iva3 sot** qi.ie-,ti.rin a= to whether hatch preparation andholding n1 i-sch i*ori*pftB)t* l^.jchfiti-. 1,13? vc'-ntahl *, Th*". q'.'. sHmi'jan posed to two prominent ERA reêa'chers wlir- d**l r'>g"'arlyw.'th fr*chwnt*r tirting. Each of ttv-'i rf-:.p*. * ft!t that thebatch preparation and storage of the material for renewal use w»<iacceptable, however, they suggested that the primary contractorI'Enviriyjpcinse, Inc.) mat;e that decision. F;nvt|'*r>pc'nr*, !;•".- w"contacted .ihcn.it the isr.ue and shortly thorc-after, 'ipT widlrijftert to proceed with bat.rh preparation.

Most ,-.f th* cc-^jfi"--"t '•aiftfiloT provided for nnn]yE<*°r*i at)'ini.w free of f>f ]'.<-, .-ind large wiody d^hria. Yet, scvraldid '-ontsiin large pieces of vegetation (probably aquatic[•iicroph/tes!!. The«e pieces were easily removed from th* samplesand did nr.t pope a prohJein. A high-speed MOOO rprn) impellermiv;.>r '.">'•• vory i»'ff"Uv* in homogenising the samples. Settlingof ci~n«* mat«i'i?i tn. the bottom of sample containers was onlyi".cca«i'5ionally found and this material was scraped from the bottomand ml •'*'•! nit'1 the- i-arup'*. * •<Dilution water for leachate and test concentration preparationw,sa flijod Laboratory iBrade Water that had been used previously infreshwter organion ciiUures. Laboratory Grade Water isi.irnii tor•s'l monthly for pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen,isll'al I ni ty and hardness, and is checked twice per year forsuspended solids, TDK, unionised ammonia, orgahophosphoruspesticides and organachloride pesticides •»• pr'B. This water wassiijinitefl tc, eO-H'ii'' ppm Mr due*1* with detnnljed water n-iarrnteadhi rih-r.'fiHci t:y rartri flrje c^t. IWifiOPl and filtered with tcori'in*rcial diatom filter (0.1 urn) before I.IT*.

Sediments for chronic '.'ompmHe testing were talfen in equalamounts from each fsubstiUnsnl: âmfilo ".f th.il: each sample in thecomposite war. equ«l!;.' r*p.-*ff,.-.nt,*r| in *h« iBachute. After t.he

of ? '"1 i'"*! 2»>!• to vialume:) Tlur'y of each of theth*. dlurrlftH i'i*i*c- ft »'»''H with th* liifivllsr mixer for WiTh<cj rfJ!''"g p '••" i r'd w»n «iu f f I f \ »nt; for obtaining

Oi-.Mre <3!.ii'*w. A p.}ttn«n pAr<.r,rj .jf on^-hoiir wassfitlnj t!it cypj'n.itst''!.

AR30I8U

't- As a sidelight, a fe" samples not csed in testing wr* .allowedto settle out overnight. Uhile Incr-'-affiing MK- settling ttmfr didincrease th* •uiiwrt of m a t e r i a l o.vtHing cn.it >•>* the slurry, itdid not appear to significantly influence the clarity of thecentr-'tK-, nijr did it m.Hn.-e f i 1 t»nM ,;n<, time. Qn the other hand,i?fl>'-r nettling for never?! days in a waste drum OS) th* slurrydid yield a much clearer c jntr.it e,

The use of a 1:4 (weight to volume) slurry in the preparation ofthe luachale was, perhaps, on* of the difficulties of theprocedure. . Presumably, several of the samples provided wereobtained from pond anii/or stream bottoms. The n*«?<t forhij-|h~"j:i-?c-iJ centri fug-it ion and pressure- filtration was 'Mmou1:.In f*ct, despite o.rt.'.ni|.-.ri centr i fugation at -1,000 rpm midiir-.fi' tratl i-in, sornr- nf th« <-..;impl«s uere |i*il!1 v*ry f l l f f i i u l t tofilter at 1.0 urn. While i\ 1:4 ratio may be a standard, it. didcr<«»t* very long filtration retention time'?, in some Instances.For cofi'ipsrison, oil Industry drilling fluid aamplan ar* tested in1:9 (volume to volume) ratios. Barnpl'-* provifl-'-d for l.eschateprep a'^t ion in th't; *yp*rtrnent '-iere ci-i>i5ist'>nt \y fompo«Art. of"*.•;', vi-cy 'in-' ni"ii(|,ft»«:e i>;i't[i 5K)ri clays'1, similar t.o ar^th--." nil.-,;!; drtl.1. <".'j Uuid, It may he conat'-'ict* "••• tn suggestHv.it -*-ir<Hii'rf«' for ttiA t-'.'-tlnri of nedi'mentc .ii'd drilling fluid*»wi.''i<ch ar-: currii^l- -::.1; 'c.-1:"..1 it by ASTM, tslfc- int.? K*rf)consideration the- ioncieti-ney of the sample. ^^'

Standard ripe-rating Prci'-edure 503 details the 40-hour static

15 p ''. This* protoc1'.1'". fc-''. iji,..i EPA gi.ilrt^llfisr ""•* ir* in3Ci.:cirH'i|i.'<- wit.h EPA.'6iOO/4"f-l'.l'./'Ol"J 'Mid FF'A/PiOOA*--Bl=i/014. Alltc-atirt'j -.'an don-? with <:24h old Fit'i-'-ad Minnow larvae,ni^rjiij and Csrigjjrtghgia 'sp. cultured in-houûsed were within 4h of each other in age.

Acute testing experimental dijsign involv*ri on* cnn«-r«] and ft"*treatment levels (0.1, 1.0, 10, SO and KM'' '/. l'iach,?t--0 for eachof 1'9 individual l*-iirhates. Each of these levels h""0d tworeplicate- exposures of 5 organisms per rc-plic^te. FatheadMirui.;,''.,".- u*rw i-xposied in SOOrul of water in high-densitypol}'*l'hyl«*ri& I'.ontslnero and £4 Eisaâ w*r* ';x;/oaed in 50ml ofwater in food-grade- tr-snisparent cups. None of the exposures were•H-I ;>ti'"1 diii'lr..j t"«itir'g Aivihl-snt; light condl t. i nn<i ••'••I'sted (f50-100fc'i on ••» !4I :li'>r> eyrie. rAdiperstiire ufm ritiintalnr-d at 20 -t/- '?.•ft,:r\ •'.•.".r, r'6le,i|i,- Tncst rn»r|pri< lute i..i.r» tint fr-'l during acutetesting. Mortality <w. t-h^ .••ndpolnt used for the acuto testLf'W-i vfra tf. h.;- •.•::'> i1' '-ti'-d f'-r ;?11 te^ta ri^monEtrnt ingti'.ixi i" i t>., PI v\r"' •'*-" AI3T SOP 303 for rnnre it«t'

AR30I8H

b

Chronic testing involved the analysis of one sample CWLOl) si.in*•Hid ?, c^npoii te lardpi •••':, -v^ch a compos! t* of three individualsediment sampl*?. The 7-day chronic daily-renewal tests slsot n" •"•! >.'.;•.•( one ccint»ni !,,iri «.v-:- t'-'vitriV'iit ln-vi'-ls (0.1, 1.0, 10, 50and 100 '/. laachat*), Tw* replicate exposures of Pj. acs2£l££iy1Mi to organism*! per r.-.pi intc-, were u7,-vrt for each treatment- ar'jsll ?.s !''' £*ci.2l!2C[llli.2 P1 F1|?r trjs'.'tt;-nt. Fathead Mlnnowi M*'';**pnr.*d in T-L of water within 2-i. glans culture diralu-s. Thefish themcelvwc1- were placed within a Nytex screened teat cli-shwithin the exposure- rhatnbar. Th* test di'jiti- was a .SOrurn diarmftergl.vis Petri dish bottom vith A four-inch ring of SSOum tK-ttingattached with silicon* sealant. These test dish*s are usedr.-.MtiiM'-l;/ in c.ysid shrimp *xpis.sur*s for testing drilling fluids.-itiS!l2a!lCl.il\r'Pp '••'ftr>' "Viir'l"'lr"'<d 1.0/treatment in individual 30mlf-".--'d-gr iiil: '"'ipc, lv*..l ding 15ml. of watirr.

None of the chronic exposures were aerated during testing as1di'-if..''! vt-i.l ovyijen 'omfit i''*cl relit. Ively h'gh. Temper at urs wssfn.;iint.-.ined at 2R -t-.'- 1. degree Celsius and ambient light (50-100fc i u.vv ir;,-rl on " 141..: 1 Of) cycle, fll:h«r physical-chrmicalmeaf,.i»'er"'-"it:-= ti,t«\« ilnriny the te.--t may h* found in SOR 04. Testf j i.-(i i.i'ire f-''l t:hi'e-> 11 IHAP, daily with 0.1ml «f freshly hatchedhrini> shrirnfi ^nd C£iiil!JJC!3-i aP • were fed O.lml YrTF once, daily.Fish rm-irt-il I ty -'iid yrnwth (wdght) and CfitiCd-GlJtJiS sp. mortalitynnd f.!-pi"'1"--t1 nn LI--.-•« r-ndpoints uoed to n-valuate the toxicity of

'

with tht us? of ciprovided through the USEPA Office ?f Rise-arc'1 and 0""'':!opm*[i1:,Environmental Mer.it:ring .?.nd Support i :'.•: -.itrry, Cin:iii--,tti, OH.Because no adverc* effect-j were- found in acute tsst re-jiilt1; Itwas not necessary to tf>st these data ntnti sttcnlly. Th* icut^-test results were- '.--ported to Envirftopoii:'', I»c. on <\prt' '7,

AR30IBI«5

For chronic test rfy-,ult?, Dunnett'" nv.-..-.:,,,..! ,,nri ...T,.,...,,,.,,,analysis MJS uE*d to ^-stsrrnin* whet her rigntf leant differenceso-cci.irrAH bet'..'*e>'' trAstroepto tn Fathead Mi'mo'.1 ';v:r(;al !*•./ andgrc^'tii. '•"i rh'.*-!'' ~ -••'..'"""t1 *. r:t '..'s. uiir'd t'*; i*** '.rminc ''h-th''"-•ii'jrti fi-'ant ill ffer.i.nc*s occurrc-d bmtween treatments i?> *!<•••mortality of Qeri,j.rj:jElmi.S sp. Dunnett's procedure wnc used todetermine whether significant di ff«rencea occurred bt-tweentreatfnr/'-t': in re-production of CssiodaollUiS =5p- This an:>lysi:i wused on all data set?, bc-c.auQ* (Mortality differences were notfOl'l'Cl.

f\<z iir'-nM nned, ,'«cut* te^tii'.y of 19 individual leachate '•ample';inrti.-.it.vd no significant; rn;-.rt!al i.ty in Fathead Minnow larvae orin H

P>-fiii.U': .-if the F'->*,h--«ad Minnow growth and mortality chronicbioasa^yi arc:- summarised in Table 8. Thes1* results indicate that

n atati'st.'icailly -ignificsnt di ffti'snc*" in fish mortality did not> *•' -vci.ir ii>-t'0''.-'"n 1'i->«;t: i-.-mi-ro' •• .»nd t'.:-.-itni'i-nt'? for any of the

.:.-.i.|-,,-,':ii:.- it-.,.,ipi..c; qiif.ilAr.ly, at M 'Let i <•»1.1. y significant /^' f\\ ffur •••-•.•-.•«" i r1 f l - t i jf.-.mtH rat^S '."'-v i« n-lt found ''•'''•'•

p.i<c|ji i <;. of ti'"i C2EI,i, l!il2ll2l.5 'T1' rs-p'-'-iHiii-*" j.i'.n .-inrJ mortal I tychriMiit hi '-.."?'•, •>>'!.'. J.i"i> «iiir«(«.si'</*ri in T-'il'il "•' 1-7. Q££iCd2Ctltli.2.?p. inortality wA-a nod qigni flcantly .affected by any of the,-, atififif i tv '•••.••imp 1.'- ' .•'?. 'hati-iis CfiCi,fill-Cll'iii.£ 'T' 'epr'/idiict* on ws•iftv:-rs?-)y of f*ft**rt «n1y at »h» iivj V t:re;itf..i-.nt l---vel forc- ..,,,..,,.._.-:_!;... }H TI,),. i iv.;.i M iVW. J » «p» 5S«|i*i- f h .;. tQEC fnr thirnrr.jnli, Mr .-.dv-'r",,'- effi.:. !:•.- vit-,- •-,- fou.n.'i t* sxist fcr any cthsr•r^mpl* l*.a-:h.at*a. PnT.ttive rencndiKtiva reapcr.oac ',;:•;•.• f.inr.!.' i"Coinpiisitf (14 and Compoeltft tt7.

ItllEEEEEWIIQfilI..e3.-hat;.is t.;Cte.d 'or rjcnt* .ind chronic effects demons tr at *rl•id significant d c,v I c 1. 1; » , Further, th* '"-?thods used to generatepnd t'.-ct MI* le..'.:l'i .•..'. ••-!•: f--.'" to-'iclty w*- .'-f '-•.-.,: tive and valid.

AR30I8I<6

CIAEnvironmental Analym

flQUfl SURV6V, INC.Ip. o, box 46 * the cane firm

roscmont, new jersey 08556

(609) 3970666

April 17, 1987

Mr. John J. fiorriaChief o£ Sampling and Analysis SectionEnvironmental Emergency Response Unit, Envlresponse, Inc.GSA Raritan Depot, Woodbridge AvenueBuilding 209, Bay FEdison, New Jersey 08837Dear Mr. Borris:

Enclosed Is a summary of survival data resulting from acutetoxicity testing of the liquid phase of 19 sediment samplesdelivered to our laboratory on the. 8th and 9th of April, 1967.The summary tables address the acute effects of the samples onPimeohales oromelas and Daohnla maona.

Please feel free to call us at (609) 397-0666 should you^have anyquestions regarding this work.Sincerely,

Kenneth R. HayesLaboratory Director

AR30I8W

SITE. MAP FOR. THEWILDCAT LANDFILL „ borehole locationsDOVER, DELAWARE -s stake iocatiorftR3018I»8

i * trench locations'' o misc.. elevation points

wells

flQUfl SURVSV, INC.]/*-s 0 p, o. box 46 • . rhe cane farm

K^p aK rosemont, new jersey 08556

(609)397.0666

Environmcnial Analyjti

AQUA SURVEY, INC.April 17, 1987

For: Environmental Emergency Response UnitEnviresponse, Inc.

TABLE 1. ACUTE TOXICITX OF SEDIMENT/SOIL LIQUID PHASE USINGptmephalea promelaa. Standard Reference Toxicant (SRT)testing with Sodium Lauryl Sulfate generated an LCSO of3.5 ppm.

mmmmmmmm^m^m^m^mmm^.w.m»m^mft^m^mm»mmmm,mmmmmmmm,mm^^^».m^mmmmm^mm

SAMPLE 48-HOUR % SURVIVAL0.0 0.1 1.0 10 50 100

•• «••*!• • •> •• *•« •• f» •

WL01 100 100 90 100 100 100WL02 100 .100 100 100 100 100WL03 100 ' 100 100 100 100 100WL04 100 100 100 100 100 100WLOS 100 100 100 100 100 100WL06 100 100 100 100 100 100'"WL07* 100 90 100 100 100 100WL08 100 100 100 100 100 100WL12 100 100 100 100 100 100WL13 100 100 100 100 100 100WL14 100 100 100 100 100 100WLlfl . 100 100 100 100 100 100WL19 100 100 100 100 100 100WL21 100 100 100 100 100 100WL22 100 100 100 100 100 100WL24 100 90 100 100 90, 100WL25 • 100 100 100 100 100 100 ;WL26 100 100 100 100 100 100WL27 1:00 90 100 100 100 100 i

' I

* Sample WL07 was cetested because of aberrant results in theoriginal test. Data presented here is from the retest.

AR30l8l*9

flQUfl SURV6V, INC.--s p. o, box 46 t (he cane flkUl./

rosemunt, new jersey 08556

(609) 3970666Enviranmemal Analyio

AQUA SURVEY, INC.April 17, 1987

FOR; Environmental Emergency Response UnitEnvlresp'onse, Inc.

TABLE 2. ACUTE TOXICITY OF SEDIMENT/SOIL LIQUID PHASE USINGpaphnla rnagna. Standard Reference Toxicant (SRT)testing with Sodium Lauryl Sulfate generated an LC50 of2.5 ppm.

SAMPLE 48-HOUR t SURVIVAL0.0 0.1 1.0 10 50 100

WL01 70 100 100 90 100 100WL02 100 100 100 100 100 100WL03 90 90 100 100 90 90WL04 100 100 100 100 100 100WL05 100 100 90 100 100 100WL06 100 100 100 100 100 100- ••WL07 100 100 90 100 100 100WL08 • 90 100 100 100 100 100WL12 100 100 100 100 100 100WL13 100 100 100 100 100 100WL14 100 100 100 100 100 100WL18 90 100 100 100 100 100WL19 90 100 100 100 100 100WL21 100 100 100 100 100 100WL22 100 100 100 100 100 100WL24 100 100 100 100 100 100WL'25 . 100 100 100 100 100 100WL!!6 100 100 100 100 100 100WL27 100 100 100 100 100 100

AR30I850

flQUfl SURV6V, INCK^p J K

Analj>i>

rosoilioiii. iww jersey OK55t>

(609)397.0666

Enviresponse, Inc.Environmental Emergency Response UnitGSA RarUan DepotHoodbridge AvenueBuilding 209, Bay FEdison, New Jersey 08837

Hay 12, 1987

Enclosed are the results of chronic toxicity testc performed on theaqueous leachate of 7 composite sediment samples. The Fathead Minnow(P_, oromelasl &nd Ceriodaahnia sp. were utilized in flach of these tests,A brief summary of methodology is includod with this report.

Please feel free to call (609) 397-0666 should you have any questions©regarding the results of these bioassays.Sincerely

K. HuyesLaboratory Director/wpj

0

AR30I85I

Tatilc 1, Data summary frotn ££Ci.SdflBll!Jt8 survival and reproduction tastfor Composite ttl (WLOM.

P

Fiffl DayCotx

Control

0. IV.

i. ox.

10'/.

«

£34Se7

•";Ow45e7

oS4Se7

o345&7

A B C

0 0 00 2 10 4 4o o e0 • 7 04 8 9

4 21 20

0 0 03 0 05 3 00 0 S0 5 0•311 0

17 19 S

* x fJ- 4- S- 0- 3- 12

:|: 0 24

o o o0 3 24 0 4Q B 67 2 00 10 11

19 23 23

Rap lie at*D

00050e11

000730

11.1

0••le,009

17

K-----

0

e F

0 0•", ,-,

0 06 &Q •)9 12

25 '.".'4

0 00 00 03 33 50 12

6 20

0 #257013

27 *

0 00 10 02 65 010 7

17 14

ij

020359

19

00000Q

Q

K-----

0

0230010

IS

H I

0 04 20 40 S0 07 7

11 in

0 00 33 05 70 97 13

IS 32

0 02 20 41 0- 7- 14

3 27

x 0- 0- 1- 1- e- 14

0 22

J

0,»_,

0e69

23

000000

0

X-----

0

J-----

0

ttLiv*Young

017123730BO

176

03 Hu u3025eo129

01220B1048

98

0812312062

133

w.iv*Adults

101010101010

•"101010101010

t,

7776e4

777777

Mfiintt.Young

01.71.23.73.0S.O

17.6

00.31.13.02.S6.0

12.9

0i.72.91.31.7

12.0

19. £

01.11.74.42.9B.9

19.0

Moot 1Your- I

14 I•* 16 IB I12 1

® 1H s 15 17 14 1

®

•4e7714

034B714

bM » Dc-ad adult, no young produced be for* death.:»: •» Adult lallc-d.in tranif&r, replicate- droppc-d from analysis.

AR30I852

n TabU 1. (Continued)

Effl D.nyCone «

50K 2n

4567

„.„.,,_ ',,34567

\ Rc-plir.itj-*

010449

18

X-----

0

Ei

020O

1.0

6

000224

8

C

010S56

17

000S00

5

D

010S10

7

X-----

0

R

000209

11

000300

3

F

000107

a

X-----

0

G

0003211

16

000106

7

H

00011'•2

4

00010a9

I J

0 x0 -1 -2 ™2 -12 -

17 0

0 X0 -0 -1 -0 -9 -

10 0

ttLlv*Yciung

051261656

104

00013227

• 42

ftLiveAdults

99'•i999

6. 66666

M*»n«Young

00.60.1'"/ Iml

1.86.2

11.6

0002.20.34.5

7.0

MO laYoun

02

. 1S512

000S29

0I'L-x --•• Dead Adult, no young pren-kit-od be-fort death.

I *\\J i OI

AR30I853

Table 2. Data summary from Ciiii'daCitmiii survival and re-productionS-istfor Composite- «2

b

EfflCone

Control

o. n

i.oy.

SOK

Daytt

2345&7

o34567

2345G7

1-1

34567

A

040240

10

040T*

&10

23

05501013

33

C!4430U

22

B

0303

, 4' 5

IS

030361

13

000001

1

0315100

19

C

0X..--••

0

040540

13

04S0813

30

00000X

0

p*plD E

0 00 0H 04 02 00 3

10 3

0 03 40 0& 67 910 0

26 19

0 04 44 00 4S 59 7

22 20

0 24 Q7 79 90 1211 0

31 33

c at •••F e

0 04 00 40 34 40 0

S 11

0 04 40 05 5x 5- 10

fl 24

0 04 25 30 0S GQ 9

25 20

0 04 48 711 010 140 14

33 39

H I

0 00 X4 -o _5 -0 -

11 0

0 04 50 03 43 30 7

10 19

0 04 36 40 07 7

11 13

2B 27

0 04 4S 30 015 1113 12

37 30

J

0<i02010

16

0X----

0

0450913

31

0442015

25

t»Li vivyoung

n:s12162318

B4

0350404338

156

0343746597

237

••/3446397276

269

fll.iv*Adult!!.1,

10BB8BQ

,.109998B

I

10to10101010

to;i101010109

M>>iin#','c-ung

01.91.52.02.92.3

10.6

03.904.45.44.8

IB. 5

03.43.70.46.59.7

23.7

0.23.44.63.97.211. 1

30,. 4

MostYour,

04'1 14510

05069^W

0/ 5' 641013

24eiiis15

x B D*ad Adult, no young producc-d before- death.

AR30I85I*

Table- 2. (Continued)

Effl Day Re-plicate ttLive HLive- Mean* Mas1Cone « A B C D E F i i H I J Young Adults Young Yom |

507. 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0.1 13 4 4 3 3 2 4 3 2 2 2 29 10 2.9 44 0 S 4 2 5 3 y 2 0 2 23 9 2.£ 55 7 4 3 S 7 0 - 4 6 3 ' 41 9 4.6 76 & 0 9 5 0 B - 0 B 0 36 9 4.0 97 11,10 0 0 0 10 - 15 12' 0 58 9 6.4 15

29 23 19 15 14 25 3 23 29 9 183 20.6

1007. 2 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 03 0 1 0 1 - 0 0 0 0 0 2 ,,9 0.2 14 0 0 1 0 - 1 0 0 0 0 2 9 0.2 15 033 0 - 0 3 2 3 4 IS 9 2.0 46 6 7 4 I?, - 0 2 6 2 7 40 9 4.4 77 5 3 12 7 - 0 0 10 I 7 45 9 5.0 12

11 14 20 14 0 1 S 18 6 18 107 11.8

x = Dt-ad adult, no young produced before dc-ath.y B De-ad adult, young produced before- dc-ath.

AR30I855

b

Table 3. Data summary from £gr.iCfJgBtiaia survival smri reproduction testfor Composite- 03 CUU06,07,085.

Effl D*yCone

Control

0. 11/.

1.07.

10X

it

224567

o345e7

234567

234567

. A

000104

5

0000G0

6

00213100

20

000510

6

EI

0013

'iO0

14

000S010

15

002a70

17

000570

12

C

000000

0

000000

0

000000

0

000000

0

ReplicateD

00OW

100

4

000000

0

001990

19

000000

0

E

000145

10

000I'l00

0

003890

20

002570

14

F

001090

10

000000

0

000000

0

0024f,0

12

6

000OM

1*

0

5

000000

0

000000

0

003e91

21

H

X„--_-

0

000590

14

002970

18

000000

0

I

002017

10

000000

0

00011110

22

000000

0

J

000000

0

0'02450

11

0024K

6

002310

6

f»Liv*Young

007B2716

SB

002142010

46

001257530

122

00930311

71

ttLiveAdults

999999

-101010101010

Ik

1010101099

1010 '101010 ,10

Meant*Young

000.00.93.01.8

6.5

000.21.42.0

±!(4.6

00r.25.75.9 -0

12.8

000.93.03.10.1

7.1

MosYour-,

003310

'00o59

003It110

o10'3B91

x = De-ad adult, no young produced before death.

AR30I856

f) Table 3. (Continued).>j.y

EfflCone

soy.

JOOJS

Daytt

Mo4567

234S67

A

00115°.7

000000

0

HI

000015

6

000036

9

C

X-"-•-

0

001047

12

ReD

000000

0

00X~--

0

pliE

000013

7

000041

5

catF

00011!1

S

000003

3

ei-i

0000;,;-

0

000000

0

H

001300

4

0003y-3

I

000•-,05

7

0000022

J

000100

1

000424

10

ULiveYoung

00.-,

71414

37

00171323

44

ttUi ve-Adults

999':"/,8Q

10. 1099aa

M*anttYoung

000.2O.R1.61.6

4.2

000.1O.B1.62.9

5.4

MoYou

0olI3S5

001447

Os -> De-ad adult, no young produced before death.y -- Dead adult, young produced before death.

AR30I857

Table 4. (Continued).

x « Dead adult, no young produced before death. t „:t: = Adult killed in transfer, replicate droppe-d from analysis.

AR30I859

(D

EfflCone

507.

•

K>07.

Daytt

234S67

234567

A

,,.

00470-.it0

14

B

0041012. 0

26

003G50

14

C

003S118

30

004B610

2B

RiI

0406712

29

004760

17

iflliE

00390

11

23

004930

16

catF

04£90

11

30

003B0a

it,

8 H

:»: 020Q1112

33

0 00 02 02 60 48 0

12 10

I

00(-1

90

11

22

004f,40

14

J

003BB3

22

003955

22

ttti V*Young

01021674968

215

00

31653631

163

ttLiveAdults

8BBaB8

101010101010

Mc-anttYoung

01.32.6S.46.18.5

26.3

003.16.53.63.1

16.3

tlC'S.Youn

046101212

0049610

o-

Table 5 It.-. >...,,, w-..v „..- ,,„_,..,,,.,,.

,'3

Effl !Cone

Control

(J.n

1 . 07.

107.

Daytl

O

34567

234567

,,34567

234567

A

004680

IB

004(i97

26

00412100

26

04

. 5073

19

Ei C

0 00 44 56 09 0

• 6 10

25 19

0 04 04 3x B- 0- 12

8 23

2 0.4 20 07 515 03 4

31 11

0 05 06 70 912 114 0

27 27

R,D

00350S

16

0048100

22

034705

19

04S0102

21

;.pl iff. 7.1E F

0 00 05 55 90 96 6

16 29

0 04 35 30 79 010 12

20 25

0 00 03 00 B10 16•1 2

17 26

0 02 30 0B 913 123 4

26 28

6 H

0 .03 30 46 07 65 11

21 24

0 03 30 37 07 104 4

21 20

0 00 05 S

11 612 112 0

30 22

0 02 00 69 1112 03 5

26 22

I J

0 00 03 46 100 76 0

15 21

0 00 03 3B 710 92 B

23 27

0 00 04 3n &9 80 0

21 17

0 00 35 78 70 09 10

22 27

ttLiveYoung

01037534658

204

01732516459

223

2928709120

220

02341617743

245

ttLiveAdults

1010to101010

10"1010999

10 l1010

\\ 10II 10i; -10

10101010.1010

Me-anftYoung

01.04.25.34.6S.B

20.4

01.73.25.77.16.6

24.3

" 0.20.92.B7.09.12.0

22.0

02.34.16.17.74.3

24.5

' Mos'Youtli

045109

11

04581012

©o? ,-8 '12 !16 '5

057U1310

x = Dead adult, no young produced before death.

bAR30I860

r'.- 5. (Continued).

Effl Day Rap liot* RLive ttLive Me-anll MoCone 0 A El C D E F G H I J Young Adults Young You.

507, 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 H 0 10 0 03 403 H S 0 0 4 4 0 , 20 10 2.0 54 0 4 3 3 0 5 3 B B x 34 9 3.8 Q5 9 10 6 4 9 9 B 8 0 - 63 9 7.0 106 12 14 0 0 14 12 11 y 13 - 76 8 9.5 147 3 4 6 4 4 3 0 - 6 - 30 8 3.8 6

20 32 18 11 32 29 22 «0 31 0 223 26.1

1007. 2 0 0 0 y. 0 0 '1 0 0 0 ft ' 9 0 0S 2 3 0 - 0 4 4 4 0 0 17 9 1.9 44 0 3 4 - 6 0 0 0 3 2 113 " 9 2.0 65 7 0 6 - 9 2 6 7 7 6 50 9 5.6 96 12 7 9 - 18 2 14 15 12 9 -Sffl 9 10.9 IB7 B 10 2 - 12 10 4 12 6 4 68 9 7.6 12

29 23 21. 0 45 18 28 38 28 21 251 28.0

K •' Di.-ad adult, no young produced before cie-ath.y •• Dv-ari adult, young produced be-fore death.

AR30I86I

•Table G. Dttta summary for

for Compos ite ttG

Effl 1Cone

Control

0.17.

1 . 07.

107. ':!M

I.WL21,22,24).

Ody Rep lie ft tetl

r.34567

234567

234567

2g4567

A

0310tit

7

jo

04H0911

29

0059120

2G

0-040149

27

B C

0 00 03 4S 99 150 5

17 33

0 04 08 48 50 1010 0

30 19

0 00 00 46 117 125 0

IB 27

0 00 04 39 1312 135 4

30 33

D E

0 00 0G 48 712 108 0

32 21

0 00 2S 66 20 11

11 10

22 31

0 06 0B 40 G15 1211 G

40 28

0 00 4G 910 S11 S5 13

32 31

F" G

0 00 44 0S B9 107 11

::5 33

0 00 3S 08 9n 1410 15

34 41

0 04 06 30 fl

11 1013 0

34 21

0 05 5G 60 011 133 7

25 31

H I

0 00 04 3B 510 85 4

27 20

0 04 S6 00 99 tl9 B

28 33

0 00 04 47 78 126 11

25 34

0 05 56 B7 012 12y 4

30 29

J

00S760

IQ

003799

28

0041010y24

x-«---

0

ttLiveYoung

0733709247

249

022•12540193

295

010426410952

277

02452449850

268

ttLiveAdul t s

101010101010

,101010101010

10101010109

9n 9n ...II y!; 9

8B

MeanttYoung

00. 73,37.09.24.7

24.9

02.24.25.48.49.3

29.5

01.04.2G.410.95.8

2B.3

02.75.84.912.36.3

32.0

MostYounc

04591511

058^14

ft)W

0eBnIS13

0S9131413

Px = Dead adult, no young produced be-fore death.y « Dead adult, young produced before death.5 » Live count not made.

AR30I862

o U< C,. uV.intinui.-d i

r-ffjCorn:

soy.

1007.

IXMytt

'*.*

34567

.:.345K,7

A

047'"t

1110

34

0078100

25

B

0234G

• 7i-i't

004S03

12

C

05537G

26

024970

22

Rvfjl iD E

0 00 0

9 612 90 7

25 24

0 00 54 012 013 160 19

29 40

1C TilF

03

508

20

003500

e

:•:•G

00

664

21

00S61314

3Q

H I

0 00 0

11 910 810 2

35 23

0 04 08 G0 39 1310 0

31 22

J

00

61010

29

000••j57

14

»U V4Young

01441617964

259

01141508653

241

ttLivuAdults

101010101010

10•"1010101010

Me-anttYoung

0 .1.44.16.17.9G.4

23. 9

01.14.15.08.65.3

24.1

MotYour

057

111210

05a121619

O

AR30I863

Tdble 7. Data summary for EacisgsBlJijis survival and reproduction testfor Composite (17 (WL25,26,27).

U

Effl 1Cone

Control

o. r/.

l . OX.

loy. i

DayH

234567

234S67

i34S67

34567

ReplicateA Fi C D E F .Q .H 1 J

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 07 3 3 4 3 •'! 4 2 3 -19 . 6 6 4 8 6 5 4 G B2 5 7 0 7 6 5 0 9 04 0 5 8 11 0 0 5 0 9

24 14 21 16 29 16 14 12 IB 21

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 7 4 4 4 6 8 6 6 59 9 7 6 8 9 5 3 0 60 0 0 0 1 6 0 5 6 7

19 20 15 14 17 25 17 17 16 21

0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 04 - 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 39 - 6 8 9 7 7 8 7 86 - 11 12 0 11 12 12 11 100. - 11 13 10 10 Q 14 10 10

1,9 - 32 37 24 32 31 SB 32 31

0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 04 , | 4 - 4 5 4 1 4 4 57 :! 7 - 7 8 8 7 7 8 614 15 - 9 0 11 0 12 13 012 0 - 0 13 15 13 13 0 IS

37 26 0 20 26 38 21 36 25 26

ttLiveYoung

0238624142

IBS

00

566225

181

0036'6985B6

276

00356574

. 81

255 _

ItLiveAdult Q

101010101010

101010101010

,„999 -999

999909

Mean ItYoung

00.23. 06.24.14.2

18.5

00>D5.6e,.S&2.5 |

18.1

004.07.79.49.6

LO. 7\

0 .0 , .3.9'7.2e.2 A9.0

28.3

,„,,Ma-

Youi

n2799n

004'B

ii'

00591214

005B

< 1515\

Dead adult, no young produced before death.

AR30I864

(DTable- 7. (Continued).

EfflCone

50V.

1007.

Daytt

2"I*t

4567

234567

Rfplicar-e-A

0048B'»,

24

004699

B

004817•14

43

004B

119

C D

0 00 24 08 911 1510 IS

33 41

0 00 04 36 312 415 0

E F

0 00 03 413 814 1413 15

43 41

0 00 04 38 G12 140 11

13 H

0 00 05 G7 613 716 0

41 19

0 00 02 35 G9 1410 13

I

00471314

38

00S1140

J

004B1112

25

x-••---

ttLiveYoung

02388.7123113

358

00304999G7 '

KLivc-Adults

101010101010

9" 99999

MeanttYoung

00.23.88.212.311.3

35.8

003.35.411.07.4

ticYou

«126131716

00481415

28 32 37 10 24 3-1 26 36 18 0 245 27.1

Dead adult, no young prciduc/c! be fori death. ' "

AR30I865

O

Tablle B. Data summarymortality bio

Composite Fishand

111

»2

tt3

tt4

ttS

Treatment

Control0. 11.01050100

Control0.11.01050100

Control0.11 . 010so100

Control0.11.01050100

Control0.11.0 r1050100

from EiiacnlidisS [a«ui«i'«s f'.-'i- Compos

lC£!4£i.£5 growthsites H.t-7.

Survival Mean Growth 7.(y.)

100II'H'IW381!85100

85959590100flS

80100913959090

as10090909595

9595rw

1007590 '

Cmg)

ft. SB0. 300.270. 280.230.27

0. 190.180. 170.180. 200. 16

0.2B0.330.280.270.270.32

0.200.250.230.220.270.25

0.250.190.240.190.210.20

iinrt

Difference froiControl

,•* 7- 40

'-13- 4

_- 5-11_ B!w

+ 5-16„

+18 f$\0 (§J

- 4» „ " *t" + 14

_+25+ 15+ 10+35-10

_-24- 4-24-16-20

AR30I866

r\ ' , 0•if-* Tdblrj F). Continued.

Compositeand Treatment

#6 Control0.11.01050100

tt7 Control0.11.01050100

Fish Survival<y.)

9S95BO90057S

9065IrtOBS9575

Mean Weight(rng)

0. 190. 190. 190. 220.240.27

0.260.200. 260.270.250.27,,

l i

•/. Difference 'from Control

0ft

+ 16+26

-230

+ 4- 4

AR30I867

ENVIRESPONSE, INC.INVMONMNTMi IMIMINCy MIWNU UNIT

' 08A HAWTAN MPOT, WOOMMlOQE AVENUE, IUIIOWQ m, Wr F, (DISON, NJ, MH7

April 7, 1987

Aqua Survey, Inc.Route 519'The Ctne Farm 'Rosemont, NJ 08556Attn: KenHayesDear Ken,

i You will be receiving approximately twenty samples for fresh waterbloassay to be done according to the specifications In the package youreceived previously.

I-.1 We have also requested that you obtain a centrifuge at your facility foruse on this project. The penalIty discussed for not obtaining tte-;. centrifuge was to be excluded from bidding In future work,The costs discussed for this analysis were: Acute • 9500.00 per , „organism, for a total of $1000.00 per sample; Chronic - 31500.00 perorganism for 33000.00 per composited sample, You are to give to meverbal results of the acute phase before moving on to the chronic phase,

, All work should be performed under VN1-370-37190304, I look forward to''your call by April 17, 1987 to update us on the project.

Sincerely,

Suzanne M. Kuplec./?

P !I

AR30I868

OMQRItyE TOX1C1TV TESTING

A total of 13 toil *nd sediment sample*, to b* collected during thtweeh of April 6, 1987 will be tested for acute toxieity utilizingriiarinn species. Acute toxicitv testing is being conducted todetermine acute toxicity of an «queou« Israchate from these samplesand as a screening tool to determine chronic toxicity testingconcent rations. Ml acute and chronic toxicity testing Mill followEPfl approvtd guidelines and procedures including those outlined in

Acute toxicity testing must includt tht following i

1. L««ch»te pr»p«r«tic>n will follow * procvdur* similar to thattnclosed.

£'. A minimum of 5 concentrations of liachitt and a control utilizingboth of the following sptci«si

A) pvoririodon v«fi»aatus (^ 7 days old «t t*st initiation.)

and b) Myf iôpciB npp, (.£ S days old at t«st initiation)

3. A rniriimum of two replic»tei per conctntrat ion with 9 organisms ,«per replicate will be employed. \

<t. The static acute toxicity tests will run for a total of.4B hour*.

5, LCSiJ values will be calculated based on the results of the acutetitsts.

6. Verbal notification of the ncuta toxicity results will berequired within 7 diys of sample receipt.

Chronic toxicity testing will be ptrformid on those nediriitnt *nd soilsamples that do not exhibit acute toxicity. The samples will becomposited using up to « maximum of threi famplto to1 produce a newleachate. The* samples to bt tested and composited will be decided inconjuction with Envi response, Inc. Sample* should be analyzed in aprocedure similar to the freshwater chronic toxicity testing withAppropriate alterations to reflect the marine nature of the •ample*,

Chronic toxicity testing must include the following!

i. Testing will utilize 7 day static-renewal short-term chroniceurvivial and growth toxicity tests using Cvorinodcn varieoatus (j, 7days old at test initiation).

£. At least 5 concentrat ion* of leachate and a control are required.Additional dilutions should be added if a high rate of mortality isobr.nrvod during the'' first few hours of the test.

AR30I869

3. fi minimum of 2B pycHnedpn per concentration are required usingan appropriate number of organisms per replicate.

4. Results are to be reported in no-observed-effects-concentration(NOEC) and lowest-observed-effeets-conoentration (LDEC). Appropriatestatistical analysis and testing will be employed to define the testresults.

5. Reference toxicant data will be required for both organisms.

TurrijrQurid Tirfiei A turnaround time of 3 weeKs from receipt of sampleis required for the chronic toxicity testing report.

Please contact John Borrii or Suzanne Kupiec at 2*1-546-9660 or906-6841 or, Monday April 6, 19B7 by llfle a.m. to submit your bid forthe toxicity testing.

AR30I870

OTESTJNB

:O

A total of 19 sediment and soil samples, to be collected during theweek of April 6, 19B7 will be tested for acute toxicity. The testingw i l l be conducted on IS pond and river bottom sediment samples, estrnani sediment samples, and 5 marsh soil samples. All acute andchronic testing will follow EPfl-approved guideline* and proceduresincluding those outlined in references EPA/608/4-Q5/013 andEPA/6I2I0/4-S5/IZI14. Acute testing is being performed to determineacute toxicity of the leachate and as a screening tool to determinechronic toxicity testing concentrations.

The acute toxicity testing must include the followingi

1. Preparation of the leachate will follow the procedures attachedto this letter.

£. Acute toxicity testing will involve a minimum of S concentrationsof leachate and a control utilizing both of the following specie*)

a) Pimephales prom*las ((. 24 hours old at test initiation)

b) Daphriia magria <£ 24 hours old at test initiation)A Minimum of two replicates per concentration with 5 organism* perreplicate will be employed.

(3. The static acute toxicity tests will run for a total of 46 hoursat temperatures recommended in EPA/6fl0/4-8S/fll3| water hardness willbe as that defined in this reference as moderately hard (80-100 mg/1.as CaC03),

4. LC50 values will be calculated based on the result* of the acutetests.

5. Verbal notification of acute results will be required within 7days of sample receipt.

Chronic toxicity testing will be performed on those sediment and soilsamples that do not exhibit acute toxicity. Compositen of up to :three samples (per composite) will be prepared. The sample* to betested and composited will be decided in conjunction withEnviresponse, Inc.. Fresh laachate will be prepared from the soiland sediment composites.

Chronic toxicity testing must include the following!

1) Testing will include 7-day static-renewal short-term chronicsurvival and growth toxicity test using pimechalas premelat <i 24hours old at test initiation) and 7 day static-renewal short-termchronic survival and reproduction toxicity tests using perjodaphniadubia (1 341 hours old ** *•»* initiation).

U£. At least 5 concentrations of leachate and a control are required.Additional dilutions should be added if a high rate of

observed during the first few hours of the test.

3. A minimum of IQ C»riodaphr>ia per concentration and a minimum of£C P*ffleBN,ltft per concentration are required using an appropriatenumber of organisms per replicate.

4. Results are to be reported in no-observed-effects-eoncentration(NOEC) and lowest-observed-effects-concentration (UDEC). Appropriatestatistical tests will be employed to define the test* results.

S. Reference toxicant data will be required for both organisms,

6. Test conditions are to be run as indicated in the aformentionedEPA reference for chronic toxicity testing. Hardness concentrationsare to be similar to those used in the acute test*.

Turnaround Timei A turnaround time of 3 weeks from receipt of sampleis required for the chronic toxicity testing report.

Please contact John Borrii or Suzanne Kuplec of Enviresponse, Inc. at301-546-966121 or 906-6841 on Monday April 6, 1987 by 1100 a.m. tosubmit bids for the toxieity testing. •.,

,0AR30I872

o

PREPARING flOUEOUS LEflCHQTES

The preparation of the aqueous leachate should follow appropriate EPAof Army Corps of Engineer guidelines and procedures in addition tothe following requirements)

1. Large rocks and debris should bi removed from the *arnple with theremainder weighed to the nearest gram.

S. Add appropriate dilution water in a ratio of 1 part sample to 4parts water, (weight to volume)

3. Mix the sample using either an industrial mixer or drum rollerfor a sufficient time period.

4. Decant the supernatant after settling. If the sample contains alarge amount of colloidal material, centrifuge until the supernatantis clear.

5. Pressure filter the supernatant using a glass filter (lum),

6. Store the samples in darkness at 4C. (

AR30I873

ENVIRESPONSE, INC.INVIflONMENTAl EMEIWENC» IIIIPONH UNir

, OSA RAHirAN DEPOT, WOODBHIDQE AVENUE, aullBINU IDt, BAT F, EDISON, N.J, MM | .,, ,

'

April 17, 1987

Mr. Steve BrownAqua Survey, Inc.P.O. Box 46Rosemont, NJ 08556RE: Wildcat Landfill Toxlclty Testing Âs per our conversation on Thursday, Aprils, 1387 the following 19sediment samples will be grouped into 7 composites.chronlc toxJcltytesting:

Composite Site Designation Composite Site Designation

1 HL01 5 HL05WL18 ""ML 19

2 Hl.02 6 HL21HL03 HL22WL04 HL24

3 HL06 7 HL25UL07 WL26HL08 HL27

4 ' HL12WL13WL14

An adequate amount of sediment should be retained and stored for eachsite should further chronic testing be required. If you have any furtherquestions, please call me at (201) 906-6862,

eh/81170:00060

QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL REVIEW COMMENTS

The following is summary of the comments made in evaluating thetoxicity testing data and report)

fin Data on source, handling, and culture of test organismI populations is missing. There should be a description of the test{ organism populations and historical reference to standard toxicant

data for the test populations. (Toiiicity Control Charts)

Bi There is no indication of the age of organisms in the SodiumLauryl Sulfate standard t on i cant testing for paohnia manna.

i, Ct In the case where there is no observed acute or chronic effects,. U the detail on the nature of the standard toxicant tasting and thaL , populations, organism age and size, and history becomes very1 important. This is not considered a "fatal" flaw, unless specific

types of toxicant testing was specified. This information would give/more confidence in the negative results. ^

Da Overall, the report is good. '"'

P

AR30I875

flQUfl SURVC-V, INCp. o. ho,\4n • ilii'tfuiwfo':;!,

rostfinuni.

(6091397-0666Environ mcnliil

to

ii,June 8, 1987 ,'ji.-. .—• --—"-

Cynthia Burchette • ' ' 'Environmental ScientistEnvironmental Emergency Response UnitEnviresponse, Inc.QSA Raritan DepotWoodbridge Avenue, Building 209, Bay FEdison, NJ 06837

Dear Ms, Burchette!Enclosed please find two (2) copies of Standard Reference Toxicant(SRT) Test Results for Ceriodaphnia sp, and Pimephales promelas.

The responses' of these test organisms to sodium lauryl sulfatevery similar to those expected. The range of LC50 values forless than 24h Ceriodaphnia sp. and P. promelas were solicited fromEPA (Duluth, MM) and these estimate? were found to be in that range.The use of test organisms cultured in-house is a critical issue,,and I believe that the organisms used for SRT and experimental(ie. effluent) testing for Enviresponse, Inc. were healthy.Please call should you have any further questions.

Sincerely,

AR3Dlf)7fi

oCHRONIC STANDARD REFERENCE TOXICANT <SRT) TEST RESULTS

FOR GscisdaEbQia sp-

Test Facility) Aqua Survey, Inc.P.O. Box 46Rosefii'Mit , New Jersey, 08556

Date of Toxicity Testing) Hay 20-27, !'-B7

Standard Reference Toxicant Sourc*) Sodium Lauryl Sulfate95'/. PuritySigma Chemical CompanyLot # BSF-0412Received 1/15/1387

Species Tested/Length of Test) Qstis52Ebcia sp., 7-daysSource of Organisms) Aqua Survey, Inc. Cultures I & III

Type of Food/Quantity) YCTF (yn-ast, cerophyll, trout chow)/O.lrnl per ISrnl

Source of Dilution Mater) Aged Laboratory Grade Fresh Mater

Test Chambers) Graduated 30ml polypropylene beakers

Test Type) Static Daily Renewal

Temperature! 25 •*•/- 1 degree Celsius

Light) Ambient laboratory intensity (50-100 footcandlesiton a 16h light/Sh dark photoperiod

Volumet " 15ml

Test Organism Age: 2-24h old, within 4h of each other

Design: 1 organism/chamber, 10 replicates/treatment,1 control t 5 treatments (0, 0.5, 1.0, 5, 10,it IS ppm)

Effects Measured: Survival h reproduction

flPlease s** Table 1, EPA/600/4-B5/OH (p. 72) for details.

AR30I877

Table 9. 7-Day Chronic Standard Reference Toxicant (SRT) ResultsQiS sp. Using Sodium L«uryl Sulfate

EfflCone

Control

0.5 ppm

1.0 ppm

5 ppm

DayM

234567

234a£7

234567

234567

Repro/ReplicateA

002450

11

0408812

32

003£79

25

00464S

22

B C

0 00 02 05 07 310 7

24 10

0 00 04 S7 66 710 7

27 25

0 00 02 3fi 59 811 1

28 17

0 00 0' 4 18 56 610 8

28 20

D E

0 00 05 14 5fi 70 7

15 20

0 00 £4 0£ 67 77 8

24 27

0 00 05 37 4

i 8 £i10 °30 13

0 00 02 35 S5 £9 7

21 21

F Q

0 00 40 00 B0 70 10

0 29

0 03 00 47 78 810 9

28 28

0 00 03 40 77 710 8

20 26

0 00 02 23 5£ £8 5

19 IB

H I

0 00 05 5£ £10 7£ 9

27 27

0 00 04 03 87 90 11

14 28

0 00 34 3B 0

11 910 11

23 2£

0 00 04 35 57 BB 9

24 25

J

005898

30

0307a10

28

0408B14

34

000355 •

13

OLiveYoung

042546£157

193

01621£57584 '

261

0730518084

252

0025505977

211

DLiveAdults

101010101010

10101<0101010

101010101010

101010101010

MeanYoung

0 ,0.42.54.66.15.7

19. 3

01.6,2.16.57.58.4

26.1

0' 0.73.05.1B.O8.4

25.2

002,55.05.97.7

21.1

MostYoung

045S1010

0&s8912

ffi

045an14

0048810

AR30I87.B

Table 9. Continued.O

Effl DayCone M

10

15

ppm 234567

ppm 012345£7

A

00002i»,*t

4

0X

0

B

000230

•5

00X

0

Repro/Replicat*C D E F Q M

000053

B

0x

0

0007'"l*

0

9

0H

0

00003'"i

5

00000.'<

0

000002

2

0000000

3

000030

3

00x

0

000054

9

00000003

3

I

000004'

4

000x

0

J000030

3

00000004

4

ttLiveYoung

00092617

52

000000010'

10

ttLiveAdult*

101010101010

10 '75 '4

" 43 '33

Mean*Young

0000.92.£1.7

5.2

0. 0000003,3

3.3 •

Data Analysis

MoiYour

0O0754

00000004

-

Fisher's Exact Test was run on the test data to determine whethersignificant differences occurred in mortality between treatments.Dunnett's Procedure was used to determine whether significant difference!in reproduction existed between those treatments whore mortality was not)significantly different. An 7-day LC50 was generated for QfitiadfiBbBlSsp. using The Binomial Method.

Mortality was significantly different only at the lEppin treatment.Reproduction was significantly increased from the controls at 0,5, 1,0and 5 pprn treatments, and significantly decreased from the controls inthe 10 ppm treatment, The 7-day LC50 = 13,7 pprn SLS.

In terms of the No Observed Effects Concentration CNDEO and the LowestObserved Effects Concentration (LQEC), the NQEC • 5,0 ppm SLS and theLOEC s 10.0 ppm SLS.

HR30I879

to

fa7-DAY CHRONIC STANDARD REFERENCE TOXICANT (SRT) TEST RESULTS -'-yFOR EitiiSBbalSS EC2ttlSla§

Test Facility) Aqua Survey, Inc.P.O. Box 46Rc'sernont, New Jersey, 08556

Date of Toxicity Testing) May 27 - June 3, 1987

Standard Reference Toxicant Source! Sodium Lauryl Sulfate95'/. PuritySigrna Chemical CompanyLot tt 8SF-0412Received 1/15/1987

Species Tested/Length of Test: EiBgEbSlSS Er.2CJEi.SS / 7-days

Source of Organisms) Aqua Survey, Inc. Cultures

Type of Food/Quantity) newly hatched fictEl'i SSiiQ? /O.lmlt ' "

'•yf Test Chambers: 2 Liter Carolina culture dishes

Test Type: Static Daily Renewal

Temperature) 25 +/- 2 degrees Celsius

Light! Ambient laboratory intensity (50-100 footcandles) on a l£h light/Sh darl; photoperiod

Volume: 1 Liter

Test Organism Agei <24h oldDesign: 10 organisms/chamber, 2 replicates/treatment,

1 control + 5 treatments (0, 0.5, UO, 5, 10,& 15 ppm)

Effects Measured! Survival i< growth (weight)

ftPlease see Table 1, EPA/£00/4-85/014 (p. 38) for details.

AR30I880

|f J Table 9. 7-Day Chronic Standard Reference Toxicant (SRT) Results for''••- EiiSsBbalsS BCSOEias using Sodium Lauryl Sulfate.

I

Treatment

Control A£i

0.5 pprn AB

1.0 ppm AB

5.0 pprn A&

'/. Survival

90100

100100

80£0

60£0

Average Dry Weight (ing)

0.160.19

0.240.20

0.230.27

0.210.28

fish in the 10 and 15 pprn SLS treatments died prior to thetermination of the test.

The 7-day LC50 for £• EESfflSlSS was 1.7 ppm sodium lauryl sulfate.The Average Dry Weight for an initial population of <24h P.preserved at the beginning of the test was 0.1125 rug. Average DryWeights for fish following the 7-day test indicated significantlyincreased weights for 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 ppm SLS treatments. The NOECthis set of data was 0.5 pprn SLS, and the LOEC was 1.0 ppm.

!• O

AR30I88I

<'"") STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE ASI NO. 401

Original) 4/8/Q7Latest Amend.: 4/16/87

Brown

p

REFERENCES:

The following SOP was developed in accordance with:

Implementation Manual forSection 103 of Public Law 92-532 (Marine Protection,Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972- EnvironmentalProtection Agency/Army Corps of Engineers Technical,Committee On Criteria for dredged and Till MaterialsJuly 1977. V,

S. Army Corps of EngineerRegulatory Branch, Mater Quality Compliance Section, 26 FederalPlaza, NY< NY 10278 in conjunction with Environmental ProtectionAgency, 26 Federal Plaza, NY, NY 10278 Region II December19B4.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this procedure is to produce a defined volume ofLiquid Phase (LP) test media. The Liquid Phase (LP) can beused for chemical/physical characterization and/or bioassaytesting.

MATERIALS:

a. 1500 g of sediment/soil (£ x 250 g)b. 6-U of dilution water jc. high speed (1000 RPM) shear impeller mixer (316 stainless)d. timere, Two 1-L graduated cylindersf. Balance and counter-weights with 250 g capacityg. Mud spatulah. Several 9-ounce plastic cupsi. Small transfer spoonj. Several 4-gallon square polyethylene buckets „.k. Several 1-galIon round polyethylene buckets f :\1. Centrifuge v^m. 2-L of 10'/. HC1 i|n. 2-1. of 100% acetone H

AR30I882

ASI SOP No. 401 2 "'

o. At least one 4-L filter flash and complete filtration unit,including filter papers with 25, 16, £, 2.7 and 1 urn (glassfiber) porosity,p, Aqueous leachate preparation checksheet

PROCEDURE:

1. Identify the sample and make sure that * chain of custodyform is on file.

2. Inspect the sample and note its condition on the checksheet.t

3. Sort through the sample, removing any large rocks or debris.

4, Use the 1000 RPM mixer to homogenate the sample (3 minutes) ifthere is enough moisture in the sample, or use a mud spatula andhornogenate the sample manually,

5. Weigh 1500 g of the hoinogenate in £ separate 9-ounce plasticcups holding 250 g each. Any leftover samplers then storedaccording to the instructions below (see 10).

£. Measure 6-L of dilution water with a 1-L graduated cylinder . ...and pour it into a 4-gallon square polyethylene bucket. Add the£ cups of sediment /soil sample, using the diluent in the bucketto rinse the cup.s. t (i

7. The slurry is mixed for 30 minutes with the 1000 RPM mixer andallowed to settle undisturbed for one hour,

\\8. After the settling period decant, the supernatant XttX-SlSXlXwith one smooth continuous movement. Be careful 1 not to disturbthe Solid Phase that had settled out. If you have any questionsregarding di ferentiating th» phases see either the QA/QC manager,mud manager or the lab director. If there are more than twodistinct layers decant to the Solid Phase. If there are nolayers, include the entire sample. This is a SuspendedParticulate. Phase (SPP). j

9. Centrifuge the SPP at 3500-4000 RPM.

10. Decant the centrate through the vaccuum filtration unit usinga prefilter (ie. 25 urn) if necessary, and ultimately through a 1urn glass fiber filter. The liquid phase (LP) results from this.11. The LP can be used immediately to prepare test solutions orit can be transfered to a 1-gallon round polyethylene bucket,the head space filled with nitrogen gas to replace the oxygen,and covered tightly with a lid. The LP is stored at 4 degreescelsius and then allowed to return to ambient room temperaturebefore being tested. !

AR30I883

ASI SOP No. 401

O . ; • " • 'r

AR30488I*

o

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE ASI No. 402

Original: 4,'7/87Latust Amend.: 4/15/B7

QILIJTION WflTgB PREPAPATIQrj

REFERENCES:

The folowing SOP was developed in accordance with the following:

Eliit!!i;Qj,S_arj'S_EE£Si!ii.t!9_yaS.ECS«tS Fregliwgtgr Or 9,511 isnjcEPA/600/4-85/014, December 158S.

d_C!aEia,..Sr.di!t!is!!iSi EPA/SOOM-SH/OIS, March i90s.a£;-ya£££r USEPA, July i97e.

OBJECTIVE:

The use of hard water may cause a reduction in the toxicity ofvari'jua metal ions due to the formation of metallic hydroxides ._an(j carbonates caused by the associated increased alkalinity, or (j_)because of an antagonistic effect of on* of the principalcations contributing to hardness. The objective of this[nc-thodC'lC'gy is to produ<:i:- dilution water that is moderately hard(BO-100 ppm CaCc'3).

MATERIALS: I1i l!'

A. Aged laboratory grade wat*r ;h. High quality water dsioniaer>:. Diatorn filter (0.1 urn)d. Empty large-volume polyethylene containff, or steel drum with "liner.

PROCEDURE: •

Âpproximately s 1:1 ratio ( volume tc< voliinir) of DI water to labgrade water will be n**ded to d*crftau« tiardnoris from ISO to 90ppm.

1, Laboratory gradt- water already used in cultures should beused to prepare dilution water, provided that N02 and NH4 are nothigh. This water should hit- carbon filtered and have a diatomfilter running continuously,2, If culture water is not practical, laboratory grade water AI .jfroii'i tlu- tap should b* carbon filter c-d and allowed to i age- forat least 1 week before- being used.

HR30I885

rtSI SOP No. 402 ••'

3. Take and record initial measurements of the- hardness:, ph,NQ2 and NM4 of the culture (lab grade) water.

4. Define the desired water hardness and the approximate volumeof 0 ppm DI water needed to achieve that goal. .

5. Allow the DI cartridge to operate for 2 minutes or so,check the meter and tal:* hardnc-sa and pH of the DI water.

6. Run the DI water into the dilution water holding tank andcontinue to pay attention to the changes in hardness. Adjust to,90 pprn.

7. Take final measurements of water hardness, pH, N02 and NH4.

AR30I886

P

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE ASI NO. 403

Original! 4/16/87Brown

Q

REFERENCES:

The following SOP was developed in accordance with:

SiECiSi§_IuS2_QlaEat!«ya£Er.§i Implementation Manual forSection 103 of Public Law 92-532 (Marine Protection,Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972- EnvironmentalProtection Agency/Army Corps of Engineers TechnicalCommittee On Criteria for dredged and Fill MaterialsJuly 1977.

U. S. Army Corps of 'Engineers,Regulatory Branch, Water Quality Compliance Section, 2£ FederalPlaza, NY< NY 10278 in conjunction with Environmental Protection^,Agency, 26 Federal Plaza, NY, NY 10278 Region II December w1984.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this procedure is to produce a defined volume of ,Liquid Phase (LP) test media to be used in a 7-day chronic staticrenewal bioassay.

MATERIALS:

a. 4.5 Kg of sediment /soil sample (18 x 250g)b. 18-L of dilution water (hardness « 80-100 pprn)

* Nearly 11-L of LP is required to provide for all renewalsin the 7-day test described in SOP No. S04. 4.5 Kg and 18-Lwill provide plenty and still allow for losses due to tocent rifugat ion and filtration.

c. high' speed (1000 RPM) shear impeller mixer (316. stainless)d. timere. Two 1-L graduated cylindersf. Balance and counter-weights with 250 g capacityg. Mud spatulah. Several 9-ounce plastic cupsi. Small transfer spoonj. One large polyethylene mixing container ; jt-t,k. Centrifuge1. 2-L of 101/. HC1m. 2-L of 100'/. acetone :

AR30I887

ASI SOP No. 403

n. At least one 4-L filter flask and complete filtration unit,including filter papers with 25, 16, 6, 2.7 and 1 (glass fiber) 'porosity.o. Sediment/soil liquid phase preparation checksheetPROCEDURE:

1. Identify the sediment/soil sample and make sure that a chainof custody form is on file.

2. Inspect the sample and note its condition on the checksheet.3. Sort through the sample, removing any large rocks or debris.

4. Use the 1000 RPM mixer to hornogenate the sample (3 minutes) ifthere is enough moisture in the sample, or use a mud spatula andhomogenate the sample manually.

5. For the 7-day renewal test (SOP No. 504), 4.5 Kg is weighedout in 18 separate 9-ounce plastic cups holding 250 g each. Anyleftover sample is then stored according to the instructionsbelow (see 11).

£. Measure the appropriate volume of dilution water in a 1-Lgraduated cylinder and pour it into the large mixing container(1B-L for the rangefinding tests). Add the sediment/soilsamples to the diluent, using the diluent in the mixing'bucketto rinse each of the cups.

7. The slurry is mixed for 30 minutes with the 1000 RPM mixer andallowed to settle undisturbed for one hour.

8. After the settling period, decant the supernatantwith one smooth continuous movement. Be carefull not to disturbthe Solid Phase that had settled out. If you have any questionsregarding diferentiating the phases see either the QA/QC manager,rnud{!rnanager or the lab director. If there are more than twodistinct layers decant to the Solid Phase. If there are nolayers, include the entire sample. This is a SuspendedPart'iculate Phase (SPP).9. Centrifuge the SPP at 3500-4000 RPM.

10. Decant the centrate through the vacuum filtration unit usinga prefilter (ie. 25 urn) if necessary, and ultimately through a 1urn glass fiber filter. The liquid phase (LP) results from this.

AR3QI888

ASI SOP No. 403 3 O

12. The LP can be used immediately to prepare initial testsolutions or it can be transfered to a 4-gallon squarepolyethylene bucket, the head space filled with nitrogen gas toreplace the oxygen, and covered tightly with a lid. The LP isstored at 4 degrees celsius and then allowed to return to ambientroom temperature before being tested.

13, Any equipment to be reused for LP preparation is washed inhot soapy water, acetone rinsed, rinsed with laboratory gradewater (tap), rinsed with 10'/. HC1, and rinsed several times withlab grade water.

AR30I889


Original: 4/8/87 HayesLatest Amend.: 4/14/87 Brown

l§=H5yE-E6!!l@gEII!iBIfc!S-i!ZQ6§i6y.-EQE igDirjENT/soij. LIOUID PHA.SE" "

REFERENCES: .

The following SOP w;,:; di-velc.ped in accordance with the following:

C&gg!}tt£j;gc..3u3.,b<£clQ£..Qc&3u'i3U£» EPA 600/4-35/012 March 1935.i OBJECTIVE:1 48-hour screening tests are porformed to determine the acute

toxicity of a leachati? and as a means of establishing the rangeof chronic toxicity tasting c:nic ant rat ions.

MATERIALS:

: "} a. 60 acclimated Fathead Minnows <EiBSBlJfliSS [email protected]) between2-24 hours old (appro«imately 90 eyed and acelimated( eggs)

, b. 60 acclimated BsSGu'Qi.ia 032153 at 2-24 hours old ' ".:. 7-L of dilution water (hardne-iis adjusted to 80-100 pprn) \\cl, 3-L of liquid phase test sample ii '<!. Tvi;i 1-L graduated cylinders j:f. OIK- SOO ml graduated .-ylindt-r . -

. g. One- 50 nil 'graduated cylinderh. OIK- 10 ml glass pipettei. One 2-L wide-mouth Erlennioyer flaal:j. Twelve 1.5-1. high-density polyethylene exposure chambersli. Twc-lvt- 'J'-ounce food-grade- plumtic exposure chambers

PROCEDURE:•

Test Organisms

1. Acclimate adult B^GuQiS !ii!9Ui2 to dilution water (hardness =i)0-U''0 ppm) so that juvtuilos are born dirc-ctly to this water.Allow 2-3 days for «ufficient production to occur and be sure toselect out Juvonilee daily so that only thoe* <£4h are available.Select juvenilec with a wirfe-laore polyethylene eyedropper into aclean and dry 2-L glas:: culture dish holcjing 1-L of dilutionwater.

ASI SOP No. 503 ' 2 O

2. Acclimate Fathe-ad Minnow eggs to dilution water (hardness =00-100 pprn) for a minimum of 24 hours prior to hatching. Whs-nFatheads Minnows hatch they are maintained at 80-100 ppm hardnessuntil the start of the test.

Teat Concentration Preparation

1. All exposure chambers are riniied with dilution water exceptfor chambers to b* used for 1007. concentrations, which arepre-rin&v-d with 100''. liquid phase te-st camples. Exposure- chambersare- Ubelc-d according to the concentrations listed be-low.f2. Test concentrations and volumes to be uae-d arc- li;;t<.-d b&lou,Total volumes are 500 ml pe-r replicate for Fathead Minnowa .and50 ml pe-r raplicata for fiflGhrjiS aiagrja. Two replicates pe-r te-stconcentration are- to b* use-d.

TEST CONC. FATHEAD MINNOWS • DAPHNIA MAQNA('/. LP) DILUENT EFFLUENT DILUENT EFFLUENT

0 1000 0 100.0 0.00.1 999 1 99.9 0.1.1.0 9*0 10 99.0 1.010.0 900 100 90.0 10.050.0 500 500 50.0 50.0100.0 0 1000 0.0 100.0

TOTALS 4389 1611 43B.9 161.1

TOTAL DILUENT * 4827.9 TOTAL EFFLUENT " 1772.1

3. Each concentration is mixed on it magnetic stirring plat* in a2-L Grle-nme-ye-r flack except for 100'/. and O1/. re-plicate-3 which aremeasured in the graduated cylinders and poured directly intothe* i* r;.:p active- labeled exposure chambe-ra.

4. nfUs' mixing each concentration, 500 rnl are measured in a500-ml graduated cylinde-r and poured into each Fathead Minnow i.replicate. 50 ml are- im '-urv-d tn a 50 ml yraduate-d cylinder and V.poured into each EjJBtiuia IsaQUS replicate-.5. One;- all ti-st roplicates are prepared, initial phyai:;.! andchemical re-adin^s are- to be- made and r;-corde-d. These- readingsinclude- temperature-, dissolve-d oxyge-n and pH. Temperature- mustremain at 20 +/- 2 dt-gre-es Celsius, replicates should be cierate-donly if dissolved OKygon falls below 40'/. saturation. *Note-Lighting should be ambient laboratory light (50-100 foot candles)on a I4h Hght/lOh darl; «yc\e.

O

AR3QI89I

ASI SOP No. 503 3 " "/

Testing

1. Te-st organisms ore randomly selected for test replicatesfrom a single acclimation chamber (2-L culture- dish). Theorganisms? ar* put out in A cyclic fashion tio th.it 2 organisms art-placed in each re-plicate at t\ time-. Afte-r two cycles, 1 organismis placed in each replicate to bring the total to Q/replicate.

2. Live counts are madw at 0, 24 and 48 hours and should b*attempted at some point between 0 and 24 hours.

3. Dissolved'oxygen is to be- carefully checked in fish replicate-sat some point between 0 and 24 hours and at 24 hours (Be- verycareful to avoid stressing thefish!), Aeration is begun if DOis below 40'/. saturation. P.S-QS& attempt to measure DO in

aca replicates except at 0 and 40 hours.

4. Neither the- Fathtvad Minnows or Dggtirjig rjjagrja are' fed duringthe- te-st.

•5, Upon test completion, all liquid phase medias are stored fordisposal at du Pont Chambers Works.

3 Data Analysisu..1 ' 1. Survival data from a>:uU ran,)*finding tests i* expressed as

an LC30 value for each sample-.

O:AR30I892


Original! 4/15/87Brown

o

OBJECTIVE:

Thi> objectiviJ of this 7-day static daily-renewal bioassay is todetermine the l*v*l <:>f chronic toxicity associated with the-liquid phan* of -iediriient/sisil samples. Growth and survivalendpoints are used for Fathead Minnows and survival andreproduction are- used for Escil'dSBbBia SP" Preparation of theliquid phace should follow BOP No. 403 (Preparation of LiquidPhase (LP) for 7-Day Static Renewal Chronic Bioassay. ThisproU»;ol dppliv-i.; tv. ths ti.sting of 1 sample.

MATERIALS!

a. 120 acclimated Fathaad Minnows (EiCiEBtlsLES EC!i'!!isl3§) between2-24 hours old (approKimati-ly 180 eyed and acclimated eggs)

b. GO acclimated SscifidaBbttiS BP« a* 2-24 hours old.c. 12 2--1. glass culture- ciislu-srf. 12 Nytex screened (363 urn) te-st dishese. 120 30-rnl food grade souffle cupsf. Holding racks for couffle cups 'g, Dilution water (hardness adjusted to 80-100 pprn)h. Liciuid pliast- sample-i. Two 1-L. graduated cylinders,;. One- SOO ml graduated cylinderI:. One- 50 ml graduated cylinder1. One- 10 inl glass pipc-ttein. One- 2-L wide-mouth ErU?nm*ye-r flaskr.. Magnetic, stirring plate and stir bar

PROCEDURE:

1. Acclimate adult E^tiSElflBbllia SP" ^° *h* dilution water to beused so that juv*:iil:r> art born dire-ctly to this water. Allow',":•-3 da/: for sufficU-nt production to occur and be sure to •reii'icivft Juve-nile-s dai.'y <;,o that only those <!24h ore available,Se-lect juveniles with a wid.'.--bore- polyethylene- eye-dropper into aclean 2-L gla'as eulturs- clinh holding 1-L of dilution, water.

S. Acclimate- Fathead Minnow *ggs to dilution watar f<-r a minimumof iC4 honrc prior to hatching. Lnrvae- are held in tlvo dilutionwatsr between hatching and the start of the test.

'

AR30I893

J ASI SOP No. 504

Test Concentration Preparation

1. All exposure chambers are rinsed with dilution water e.'«*ptfor chambers to be used for 100X concentrations, which arc-(jrerinswiJ with 10051 liquid pluiii* test sample. Duplicate chambersare labeled according to the concentrations listed below.

2. Test volumes fco be used arelisted (...low. Total volumes areSOO ml for Fathead Minnows and IS ml for each Esci

TEST CONC. . FATHEAD MINNOWS CERIODAPHNIAC/.LP) ' DILUENT EFFLUENT DILUENT EFFLUENT

0 1000 0 131:1 o.o0.1 999 1 149.S5 0.151.0 990 10 143.5 -1.510.0 900 100 13S 1C.O50.0 500 800 75 ' 75.0100.0 0 1000 0 150.0

TOTAL 4389 1£11 £58.35 241.65

TOTAL DILUENT = 5047.35 TOTAL EFFLUENT • 1852.£5

3. Each treatment is mixed on a magnetic stirring plat* in a 2-LErlenrneyer flask except for 1008 and OK replicates which aremeasured in ttv:- graduated cylinders and poured directly'i'htothe-ir respective labeled exposure chambers.

4. After mixing each concentration, 500 ml are measured in a 500ml graduated cylinder and poured into each Fathead Minnowreplicate. 15 nil are measured in a 25 ml graduated cylinder andpour ed into each SsCiSdSfibOifl SP- replicat*.

5. Aft ft1." all replicates have been prepared, temperature,dissolved o*yg«n and pH are measured and recorded. Temperaturemust remain «t 25 •*•/- 2 degrees Celsius and aeration should(start only'if DO falls below 407. saturation. Light should beIfih light/ 8h dark at 50-100 ft candles.

Testing

1. Test organisms are randomly selected for teat replicatesfrom a single- acclimation chamber (2-L culture dish). Thefathead Minnows are put out in a cyclic fashion so that 2organisms are placed in each replicate- at a time until 10 fishare in each re-plicate (',70/treatment). CsEiS.'B'aBtoaia sp. areplaced individually into exposure cups so that there are I/cupand 10/treatrnent.

AR3UI89I+

O

ASI SOP No. 504 3

2. Teat fish are fed 0.1 ml three times daily with rK-wly hatchedbrine shrimp throughout the test. Dead brine shrimp and an/debris should be re-moved from chambers prior to feediiiij'.;.

E&ul:! SP- are fed 0.1 ml YCTF once daily.

2. Daily live counts are made in all replicates prior to liquidphase renewals. Disuol .-ed oxygen, temperature, pH andconductivity are menrured outride of the ter.i I'iaheu in all fishreplicates immediately after renewal. Alkalinity and hardness aretitrated from W. and 100" replicates immediately after renewals.

Data Analyst's

All data i:: to b<- analysed with Rtatistical programs provided byUSRPA Office of Rii's!'!' arch and Development, EnvironmentalM'jni'.-'iif ing and Support Lilioratory, Cincinnati, OH.

1. Growth and survival data collected from 7-day chronic testingof Eili'Stibaisa-Br-ii'miitia are to be reported as NOEC (no observedeffects forKt-ntration) and LOEC (lowest observed effectsc-iiKwiilr 'jitiiMi. Dunne-tt '.; fvociidur* it. used to generate, an ANOVAtable, identify tha Nt)EC and LOEC, -and to compare treatment andcontrol iiii-kUia for Ui* minimum significant difference. Arc cinetriinsfcrmiiU j':-n ic automatically made for survival data, but isnot uied for weight data.

S. 3urvi».\l data from 7-iJay chronic testing of SscifidaBlltSia SP«are to b* analysed for significant differences with Fisher'sExact Tc-t. Only ri'prodi.iction data from tl'ioue treatments Q.:<texhibiting significant di fference-a in survival are then analysedwith Dunnett's Procedure. Re-sultsr, of CSCiSdaBbUia BP- testingr;, Al'M reported au the NOD: «iid LOEC.

AR30I895

Appendix F

SEDIMENT TEXTURAL CHARACTERISTICS ANDNUTRIENT ANALXSIS

OWDR341/033/7 AR30I8S6

IO THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND OCENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND ESTUARINE STUDIES

Horn Point Lcmoiatoiies

September 3, 1987

Dr. Thomas FisherHorn Point Environmental LaboratoriesP.O. Box 775Cambridge, Ml) '21613 '

Dear Tom:The textural and paniculate nutrient analyses on the 24 samples

you provided have been completed. Me ran the following analyses;sand/sllt/clay ratios, graphic mean, Inclusive graphic standard devia-tion, Inclusive graphic skewness, graph!-, kurtosls, percent moisture,percent combustibles, percent carbon, percent nitrogen, and percenthydrogen. All textural analyses and statistics are after Folk (1974),Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. Hemphlll Publishing Company, Austin,Texas. I have Included relevent Information from Folk (1974) to aidInterpretation of the data. The percent moisture was determined bymeasuring weight loss of a sediment sample (~ 5-10 grams) afterdrying at 50°C for 24 hours. The percent combustible was determined bymeasuring weight loss of a dried sample (24 hours at 50°C) after combustingat 450°C for four hours 1n a muffle furnace. Partlculate carbon, nitro-gen and hydrogen values were determined on a modified Perkln-Elmer 240Belemental analyzer after drying a wet sample at 90°C and pulverizing.

Most sediment samples were organic rich (10 to 61* combustibles),fine-grained muds or clays. Seven samples (HL-08, HL-09, HI-11, Hi-16,HL-17, HI-18, HL-20) had sand fractions greater than 5*. Mean grainsizes ranged from 8.0 $ to 10.5 $ (3.y microns to 0.7 microns). Allsamples were very poorly sorted with Inclusive graphic standard deviationsranging from approximately 2:4 $ to 3,8 $ . Duplicates run on foursamples showed excellent agreement.

If there are any questions, or any further Information 1s needed,please do not hesitate to call me.

Sincerely,

Larry G. WardAssociate Research Scientist

P.O. Box 776Combiiage. Marylgnd 21613 (301) 228-9200 fl R ? fl I ft Q 7

m M IH i-i IH t\j 11 jo 90 oo m »H to 9 * a\ rs N cnrs o H to i-«

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AR30I898

h•.»'

o

SEDIMENT TEXTURAL ANALYSES

DUPLICATES • USING SAME PROCESS

[Clorox Digestion, Calgon Dlspersant (~ 5.5 g/L)]SAMPLES TAKEN IN DELAWARE BAY

SAMPLE S/S/C MEAN SORTING SKEHNESS KURTOSISf f •

HL-04 1/48/51 B.6 2.69 +0.27 0.78 24HL-U4 1/50/49 8.5 2.7ti +0.27 0.7b 23

HL-05 1/63/36 '' 8.0 2.47 tU.61 0.71 17HL-05 l/b7/42 b.3 2.69 +0.44 0.80 21

HL-06 '4/55/41 B.I 2.88 +0.31 . 0.82 20HL-06 4/57/39 B.I 2.88 +0.37 0.90 ,20

HL-OB 7/56/37 B.I 3.27 +0.33 1««4 17NL-08 7/59/34 7.9 3.11 +0.34 1.24 18

AR30I899

Qt-

.——> Graphic Mean (Mg) (Folk). The best graphic measure for determining overallsize is the Graphic Mean, given by the formula Mz s (0164-0504-084J/3. It cor-responds very closely to the mean as computed by the method of moments, yet ismuch easier to find. It is much superior to the median because it is based on threepoints and gives a better overall picture. This will be the standard measure of sizeused. Inman has used (0164 084)/2 as a measure of mean size but this is not satis-factory in skewed curves.

MEASURE, OF 'UNIFORMITYSeveral measures are available for measuring the uniformity or sorting of sedi-

ments. As a general rule, the more of the curve that enters into the sorting coefficient,the better the measure.

,—— Inclusive Graphic Standard Deviation (OJ, ) (Folk) The Graphic Standard

• Deviation, °0 , is a good measure of sorting and is computed as ( 0fl4-016)/2.However, this takes in only the central two-thirds of the curve and a better measureis the Inclusive Graphic Standard Deviation, &T , given by the formula 084-01C

4 " _This formula includes 90% of the distribution and is the best overall measure of sort-ing, It is simply the average of (1) the standard deviation computed from 01,6 and 084,and (2) the standard deviation as computed from 05 and 095--since this interval (from15 to 95%) embraces 3,300", the standard deviation is found as (095-05)/3.30. Thetwo arc simply averaged together (which explains why the denominators are bolhjmul-tiplledby2). | ' 1;

Note that the standard deviation here is a measure of the spread in phi units ofthe sample, therefore the symbol 0 must always be attached to the value for O}

Measurement of sorting values for a large number of sediments has suggested thefollowing verbal classification scale for sorting: _______

O" under .3,50, very well sorted 1,0-2,00, poorly sortedI .35-. 500, well sorted ' 2.0-4.00, very poorly sorted

.50-. 710, moderately well sorted over 4,00, extremely poorly

.71-1.00, moderately sorted sorted

The best sorting attained by natural sediments is about ,20-250, and Texas duneand beach sands run about ,25-, 350, Texas river sediments so far measuredrange between .40-2.50, and pipetted flood plain or ncritic silts and clays average

•••\ about 2,0-3,50. The poorest sorted sediments, such as glacial tills, mudflows,•«—' eie.', have O» values In the neighborhood of 50 to 8 or even 100p |

AR30I9QO

TTJ. MBA SPUES OF SKEWXfiSS OR ASYMMETRY ' r

Curves mny be similar in average slue and in sorting but one may be sym-', metrical, the other asymmetrical, Skewness measures the degree of asymmetry as\ well as Iho'"sign"--i.e., whether a curve has an asymmetrical tail on the left or (">J right. v

———Înclusive Graphic Skewiicss (Sk.) (Folk), The skewncss measure discussedabove covers only the central 08% or the curve, Inasmuch as most skewness occursin the "tails" of the curve, this is not a sensitive enough measure, A much bet-ter statistic, one that includes 90% of the curve, is the Inclusive Graphic

Skewness given by the formula 016 + 084 .- 2050 + 05 + 095 • 2050 . This formula2(084 • 016) 2(095-05)

simply averages the skewness obtained using the 016 and 084 points with theskcwness obtained by using the 05 and 095 points, both determined by exactlythe same principle. This is the best skewness measure to use because it deter-mines the skcwness of the "tails" of the curve, not just the central portion,and the "tails" are just where the most critical differences between sampleslie, Furthermore it is geometrically independent of the sorting of the sample,Because in the skewness formula a measure of phi spread occurs both in numeratorand denominator, the Sk. value is a pure number and should not be written with 0attached. Skewncss values should always be recorded with a + or • sign to avoidpossible confusion*

Symmetrical curves have Sk. • .00; those with excess fine material (a tailto the right) have positive skewness and those with excess coarse material (a —* 'tail (o the. l.i?fv) have negative skewness. The more the skcwness value departs (^}from .00, the greater the degree of asymmetry. The following verbal limits onskcwness arc suggested; Sk. from+1.00 to+.30, strongly fine-skewed; +.30 to

+ .10, fIno-skewcdj+. 10 to -.10, near-symmetrical; -.10 to -.30, coarse-skewed;and -.30 to -1,00, strongly coarse-skewed. The absolute mathematical limits of

the measure are +1.00 to -1.00, and few curves have Sk. values beyond+.80 and-. 80. * _______

MEASURES OF KURTOSIS OR PEAKEDNESS

In the normal probability curve, defined by the Gaussian formula; the phidiameter interval between the 05 and 095 points should be exactly 2.44 timesthe phi diameter interval between the 025 and 075 points. ,If the sample curveplots as a stright line on probability paper (i.e., if it follows the normalcurve), this ratio will be obeyed and we say it has normal kurtosis (1.00).Departure from a straight line will alter this ratio, and kurtosis is, thequantitative measure used to describe this departure from normality. Itmeasures the ratio between the sorting in the "tails" o'f the curve and the sort-ing in the central portion. If the central portion is better sorted than thetails, the curve is said to be excessively peaked or leptokurtic; if the tailsare better sorted than the central portion, the curve is deficiently or flat-peaked iind platykurtlc, Strongly platykurtlc curves are often bimodal withaubequal amounts of the two modes; these plot out as a two-peaked frequenc;curve, with the sag In the mldd'e of the two peaks accounting for its platy- il

-•>jkurtic character"^The kurtoals measure used here is the Graphic Kurtosis, " "(Folk) given by the formula K « 095-05 . This value ansfttW1 2,44 (075-0257

curves have K_ over 1.00 (for example a curve with K s 2.00 has exactly twlas large a spread in the tails as it should have for its 025-075 spread, henceis much poorer sorted in the tails than In the central portion); and platykurticcurves have K_ under 1,00 (in a curve with K_ = 0,70, the tails have only 0,7

the spread they should have with a given 025-075 spread). Kurtosis, like skew-ness, involves a ratio of spreads hence is a pure number and should not bewritten with 0 attached. ' , ' ^/

The following verbal limits are suggested: KQ under 0.67, very platy-

kurtic; 0.67-0.90, platykurtlc; 'o.90-l. 11, mesokurtic; 1.11-1.50, leptokurtic;K over 1.50-3.00, very leptokurtic; KQ over 3.00, extremely leptokurtic. The

absolute mathematical limits of the measure are from 0.41 to virtually infinity;few analyzed samples fall beyond the range from 0.60 to 5.0, however.

The distribution of K_ values in natural sediments is itself strongly

skewed, since most sediments are around ,85 to 1,4, yet some values as high as3 or 4 are not uncommon.' Thus for all graphic and statistical analysis (compu-lation of mean or standard deviation of kurtosis, running of t tests, etc.)

— the kurtosis distribution must be normalized by using, the transformationi-J KQ/U + KQ). Using transformed kurtosis (written K^ ) a normal curve has a \

value of .50, and most sediments fall between .40-. 65.

AR30I902

P

ORAIN SIZE SCALES FOB SEDIMENTS

The grade scale most commonly used for sediments is the Wentworth (1922)scale which is a logarithmic scale in that each grade limit is twice as large as the /--.,next smaller grade limit. The scale starting at 1mm and changing by a fixed ratio --of 2 was introduced by J, A. Udden (1698), who also named the sand .grades we usetoday. However, Udden drew.the gravel/sand boundry at 1mm and used differentterms in the gravel and mud divisions, For more detailed work, sieves have beenconstructed at intervals and hfg . The 0 (phi) scale, devised by Krumbein,is a much more convenient way of presenting data than if the values are expressedin millimeters, and is used almost entirely in recent work.U. S. Standard Millimeters Microns • Phi (4) Wentworth Size ClassSieve

Uievlriqu

876

— 1012lit16.&202530

!-I2°BO100

11*0170200

— 230270325

Mesh # (1 Kilometer)1(0961021*

C i i ,tret 16

—————— 1, ————Jij62!j8

1.681,1*11.19

————————— 1,00 ———0,81*0.71

, 0.590.1(20.350.300.2100.1770.11(9

———— 1/6—0.125 ——0.1050.0680.071*

i 0.0530,01*1*0.037

Analyzed 1/61* 0.01561/128 0.0078

by —— 1/256 0.0039 —0.0020

Pipette 0.060980.0001(9o.oooai*

or 0.00012 •0,00006

-500- —1(20350 .300.250 —210177-11(9s QC

105687»(

S37

-31 ——15.67.8

- 3.9-2.00.980.1(90,21*0,120.06

-20•12.10

•6-i*

—— .2 ———-1.75•1.5 ,-1.25

•0.75-0.5•p.250.00.250.50.75

——— I'.O' ——1.251.5

....1*75.——— 2.0 ——

2.252.52,75

—— 3-0 —3-253.53.75

l(. 25U56.07.0

—— ,8.0-9.0 "110.011.012,013.0 \n.o '

Boulder (>8 to -120)Cobble (-6 to .60)Pebble -(-2 to .60)

Orinule

Very coine Bind

Coarae Bend

Medina Bind

Fine sand

Very fine Bind

Come illt

Medium illtFine Hit

^Very fine illt

1 GRAVEL

QZ

(T)

DD.X

. May ^(Some use 2vor9j! as the clayboundry)

Hydrometer

25 RR30I903

o;

In

Appendix G

HISTOPATHOLOGY OP WHITE-FOOTED MICE

WDR341/033/8

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLANDSCHOOL OP MEDICINE

DEPARTMENT OP PATHOLOSY10 S. PINE ITRCET

•ALTIMORE, MARYLAND 21201, 101 • BM . 7O7O

Mr. Steve GoodbredU.S.D.I.Fiih and Wildlife ServiceDiv. of Ecological Services1825-B Virginia StrtitAnnapolis, MD 21401

Dear Mr. Cogdbrtd, Sept. 29,

The encloied nport with chart it the gross andhistopathologic assessment of sixteen white-footed fieldmice. Thete Hire the animal* collected from the Wildcat siteby Dr. Eric May. Please excuse the delay in sending you thisfinal report. > .,

Sincerely,

Robert E. Sigltr D.V.M.,Diplomate, A.C.V-P.

ftR30!905

_ Accession No. 211-B6H) Page 1

PATHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF WHITE-FOOTED FIELD MICE COLLECTED FROM THEWILDCAT' SUPfrfiFUND .SITE IN DELAWARE

Statement of Job

Sixteen white-footed field mice were collected using cervical dislocationtraps. Eight nice were collected from the Superfurd site and eight nice werecollected from a control site located away from any known toxic waste disposalareas. Gross necropsies were performed in the field and carcasses were fixedIn 1) neutral buffered formaldehyde, The following tissues were analyzedhistopathologloally; brain, ears, eyes, nasal cavity, kidney, thyroid, lung,thymus, heart, urinary bladder, reproductive tract, musculature, tongue,stomach, intestines, esophagus, liver, adrenal, and spleen. Animals No, lthrough 4 and 9 through 12 were from the Superflind site and the other eightanimals were from the control site, Gross and hlstologlc lesions as seen ineach animal are as follows;

Accession No, 2M-86M, Animal No, 1, female ,„

No significant gross findings,Esophagus, esophagltis, eosinophillo, chronic, diffuse, mildSmall intestine, enteritis, lymphooytlc, diffuse, mildLung, viscular pooling, nildLung, perivasoulir edema, diffuse, mildLiver, perlcholangitls, lymphooytlc, focal, mildActive oogenesis

Accession No. 214-86M, Animal No, 2, female

Gross Findings; Liver was paleLung, SALT hyperplasia, mildLung, nultlfocal, alveolar hemorrhageKidney, glomerulltis, proliferatlve, acute, mildActive oogenesis

Accession No, 211-86M, Animal No, 3, femaleThere were no signlflcint gross findings,Thyroid, atrophy, mild to moderate with degeneration of colloids ind sloughingof folllculir epithelial cells

Nasal oavity, hemorrhage, multlfooal, acute, narked, accompanied by diffusevascular congestion

Small intestine, enteritis, eosinophlllc, diffuse, mildSnail intestine, peyer's patches, lymphold hyperplasia, mildLiver, perloholingltls, lymphooytlo, subaoute, mild with focal neutrophllioinfiltrates

Active oogenesis

to

AR30I906

.i»v|f J

Accession No. 2M-86MPage 2 'Accession No. 2W-86M, Animal No. H, female

Gross finding; There was hemorrhage in the region of the brain stemThyroid, thyroid atrophy, mild to moderate with colloid degeneration andsloughing of follicular epithelial cells

Lung, BALT hyperplasia, mildSpleen, lymphoid hyperplasia, mildLiver, oaseation necrosis, oentrllobular 'Liver, oholangitls, pyolymphocytlc, multlfocal, mildActive oogenesis

Accession No. 244-86M, Animal No, 5, maleThere were no significant gross findingsThyroid, bilateral atrophy, marked with follicular collapse and sloughing of

the follicular epitheliumThyroid, follicles, maorophage infiltrates, multifooal, mildLung, alveolar hemorrhage, multifooalLiver, oholangitis, pyolymphocytlc, mild •*Liver, micro abscesses, multifooalNasal cavity, lymphoid hyperplasia, mildActive spermatogenesis

Accession No, 244-86M, Animal No, 6, femaleThere were no significant gross findingsThyroid, atrophy, marked with follloular collapse and sloughing of folllcularepithelium ' "

Lung, aiveolltis, pyolynphooytic, multifocal, moderate, mildLung, pulmonary vessels, perlviaculitls, acuteHeart, coronary vessels, vasoulltis, lymphooytlc, nultlfocal, mildBrain, thalamus, hemorrhage, focal, acuteSmall Intestine, enteritis, eosinophllio, diffuse, mildActive oogenesisLimp, bronchitis, pyolynphocytic, nultlfocal, moderate, acuteAccession No, 244-B6M, Animal No, 7, femaleThere were no significant gross findingsThyroid, atrophy, bilateral, nultifooal, marked, with sloughing of follloularepithelium !'

Kidney, glomerulltls, prollferitive, acute, iilld to moderateLiver, hepatooellular viouolar degeneration,1 generalized, mildSmall intestine, enteritis, eoslnophillo, diffuse, mild with degeneratingmetazoan parasites

Active oogenesis

O

AR30I907

.- Accession No. 244-86M :) P«Be 3

Accession No. 2W-86M, Animal No, 8, maleThere were no significant gross findingsThyroid, atrophy, nultifocal, moderateLung, BALT hyperplaala, moderateLung, pulmonary vein, perivaaoulltls, lymphooytlo, focal, mildActive spermatogeneslsAccession No. 241-86M, Animal No. 9, maleGross necropsy revealed fractured cervical vertebrae and Intraoranlalhemorrhage

Thyroid, atrophy, 'diffuse, moderate with loss of colloid in some folliclesLung, pneumonia, interstitial, focal, mildLung, bronohiolar and alveolar hemorrhage, multifooalMediastinum, hemorrhageIntestines contain scattered degenerate metazoan parasitesActive spermatogenesis

Accession No. 244-86M, Animal No. 10, male

,,| On gross examination the liver was a pale tanHistbpathologio lesions, adrenal gland, cortical hemorrhage with muItifocal

***. coagulatlve necrosisThyroid, atrophy, mildLiver, bile duct, hyperplasia, mildTestis, hemorrhage, suboapsular and interstitial, aouteActive apermatogenesis ' "

Accession No. 244-86M, Animal No, 11, femalei,

No significant (jross findingsHistopathologlo findings, thyroid, atrophy, focal, mild to moderate withsloughing of follloular epithelial cells

Spleen, lymphoid hyperplasia, mildSmall Intestine, ooooidlon infestation, narkedSmall Intestine, enteritis, eoslnophllio, diffuse, moderate, aouteNo ovarian tissue was examinedAccession No, 244-86H, Animal No, 12, femaleNo significant gross findingsHlstopathologio findings, thyroid, atrophy, nultifocal, mild to moderate withsloughing of follloular epithelial cells '

Lung, BALT hyperplasia, mildKidney, renal medulla, focal lymphooytlo infiltrateLiver, hepatitis with focal oentrilobular nlcroabaoessesLiver, perloholangltis, tosinophilio and lymphooytio, subacutt, focal, mildNasal cavity, lanina propria, hemorrhage, multlfocal, moderate, aouteNo ovarian tissue was examined ||

AR30I908

o

Accession No. 244-86MPage 4

Accession No, 244-86M, Animal No. 13, male

No significant gross findingsHistopathologio findings, thyroid, atrophy, mildKidney, focal, tubular necrosis, subaoute, nultifocal, moderateLiver, hepatitis with multifooal oentrllobular mlcroabscessesLiver, pericholangltis, pyolynphooytlo, mildLiver, hepatocytes, vaouolar degeneration, mildThere was active spermatogeneals

Accession No. 244-86M, Animal No. 14, fenaleOn gross exam, Int'raoranlal hemorrhage was notedHistopathologlo findings, thyroid, atrophy, nultifocal, moderate withsloughing of follloular epithelial cells and degeneration of colloid

Liver, perioholangltis, eosinophilic, multlfocal, mildMasseter muscle, fasoltls, no ovarian tissue was examined

Accession No. 244-86M, Animal No. 15, female -Gross examination demonstrated hemorrhage in the region of the right eyeHistopathology, throld, atrophy, mild to moderate, with marked atrophy ofthe follloular epithelial cells

Liver, perioholangltis, eosinophilio and lymphooytlo, subaoute, fooal, mildSmall intestine, enteritis, eosinophilio, diffuse, mildIntestines, Peyer's patches, lymphoid hyperplasia, mildMasseter muscle, fascitls, suppuratlve, multlfocal, bilateral, acute, mildActive oogenesis ' "

Accession No. 214-86M, Animal No. 16, maleNo significant gross findingsHistopathology, thyroid, atrophy, multifooal, moderateLung, alveolar maorophage infiltrates, multlfocal, mildCervical musculature, hemorrhage, multifooal, acute, narkedSUMMARY

As stated above, animals No. 1-4 and 9-12 were animals from the Superfundsite and nice 5-8 and 13-16 were from a control location. Animals from theSuperfund site showed no consistent pattern of gross or histologlc changes,The lesions observed in the lung and liver were considered a normal backgroundof pathologic changes, Thyroid tissue was examined historically in allanimals but nouse No, 1 and mouse No, 16, Thyroid atrophy and sloughing of thethyroid follloular epithelium was a consistent change and these changes aresummarized in the enclosed chart. From the chart, there Is no evidence thatanimals from the Super Fun alte showed increased Incidence of the thyroidchanges mentioned. The fooal to multifooal hemorrhage often observed incervical or cranial structures moat probably caused by the traps, Theseresults suggest that other animal species should be tried as blomonltors forthis alte,

AR30I909

- Accession No. 244-86M' J Page 3 •

Accession No. 244-86M, Animal No. 8, male

There were no significant gross findingsThyroid, atrophy, multifooal, moderateLung, BALT hyperplaala, moderateLung, pulmonary vein, perivasoulitis, lymphocytic, focal, mildActive spermatogenesis

Accession No. 244-86M, Animal No. 9, male[ Gross necropsy revealed fractured cervical vertebrae and intraoranlal( hemorrhage

Thyroid, atrophy, 'diffuse, noderate with loss of colloid in some follicles, Lung, pneumonia, Interstitial, fooal, mildj Lung, bronohiolar and alveolar hemorrhage, multifooal

Mediastinum, hemorrhage 'intestines contain scattered degenerate metazoan parasites

'; Active spermatogenesis!. +

Accession No, 244-86N, Animal No, 10, nale

U On gross examination the liver was a pale tanHistopathologlo lesions, adrenal gland, cortical hemorrhage with multifooal

[ -"S coagulatlve necrosisThyroid, atrophy, nlldLiver, bile duct, hyperplasia, nildTestis, hemorrhage, suboapsular and interstitial, acuteActive spermatcgeneala * "

Accession No, 244-86M, Animal No, 11, fenale

No significant gross findingsHistopathologlo findings, thyroid, atrophy, fooal, mild to moderate withsloughing of follicular epithelial cells

Spleen, lymphoid hyperplasia, mildSmall intestine, oocoidlon infestation, narkedSmall intestine, enteritis, eosinophilio, diffuse, noderate, .icuteNo ovarian tissue was examinedAccession No, 244-86H, Anlnal No. 12, fenaleNo significant grosa findingsHlatopathologlo findings, thyroid, atrophy, nultifocal, nlld to noderate withsloughing of follloular epithelial cells

Lung, BALT hyperplasia, nlldKidney, renal medulla, focal lynphooytlo InfiltrateLiver, hepatitis with focal oentrllobular mloroabscessesLiver,.perloholangltla, eoalnophllic and lymphocytic, aubaoute, focal, nlldNasal cavity, lamina proprla, hemorrhage, nultifooal, noderate, aouteNo ovarian tissue was exanined

AR30I908

Accession No. 244-86Mn *««5CONCLUSION

Mice from the Superfunrtsite did not demonstrate an increased Incidence ofgross or hlstopathologlo lesions as compared to 'control animals,

Robert E. Slpler D.V.M.,Diplomats A.C.V.P,

ife&frir * -

Ni

t•»t *.

H (N

1

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J

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Af30191!

..

Appendix H

HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MUMMICHOGS

WDR341/033/9 lAR30I9I2

:*") • oFINAL REPORT

GROSS AND' HISTQLQGICAL EVALUATION OF FUNDULUS HETERQCLITUSRESIDENT TO THE WATERS OF THE US E.P.A. SUPERFUND SITE

"WILDCAT"

PREPARED BY

THE DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY LABORATORY

UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

SUBMITTED TO

MR. STEVE 6QQDBRED

UNITED STATES FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

O- o; j

AR30I9I3

InINTRODUCTION

A preliminary study to determine the health etotuu of

fish resident to ponds located on and near the UG E.P.fi.

Superfund Site "Wildcat" was conducted jointly by the United

States Fisll'and Wildlife Service, US E.P.A. and this

University of Maryland Department of Pathology. For this

study fund u lu B heteroel itual was selected as tht- target

species. This selection was based on avail ability of fish

present in the waters being evaluated.

THD areas were evaluated during the summer of 1986. These

are-aii were designated as being adjacent to thu Wildcat situ

and adjacent to an unaffected woodland site.. Those were?

part of a site on which had been deposited refuse arid

unidentified .constituents which had become part of i\

landfill. This study was conducted'to determine if any :

difference in incidence of histeilqgical alterations in fish

tissue could be detected in fish resident to aquatic

habitats .adjacent to the landfill as compared with those

adjacent to unaffected sites.

Health, by definition, is the absence of disease. For

this report disease is defined as any deviation from the-

normal state of health (Koburts, 1978). There are several

measures of fish health; physiological( immunological,

l \ anatomical and behavioral (Roberts, 1970). Th&»t*

specific: niMrkttrti which can bu quantified For evaluation

AR30I9U

n oi .,.<' .«..of li<Mtlth ujint'i anatomical moaourttSi thiv marker is a It-aion

(Smith, tit al., 1972). For this report a lesion is defined

at; any deviation from the normal archit&eturu of tiscuuti or

organ* which can bt- visualiaed by eye, or by light and

electron microBCopy. At the light nilcroucopic U.'vt'l a

nistological marker is analogous to a lesion.

In ejvaruatioi'ivi erf vurtfc'bruto population* fur liuiilth Hut

niu'iMviurf is buac.'d on tht.1 individual. Thu pcjpuliit.iuri i:;1'.citur

COnK-s the.' nunibtrr of individuals showing a sal uf

or marl;ei-B. This number is enprt'sst'd c\& >»••(i-c-qutTicy

or incidence. There are several typos of lc.-uiwn» and a

specific lesion can appear in more than ant- org>'.\n.

Compilation of data is accomplished by examining each (Q

individual (grossly or histologically), and recording this. "i

lesions on an incidence chart with organs representing rows

and lesions columns. Each data sheet generated far MI

individual is combined with others of the same; data sat and

provider a sum of leuionu per category (culuriin u i"ow

intfersect). From the sum a -frequency or incicluncu erf ai

particular lesion is produced. In this fashion the frequency

for each of the categories evaluated is generated. This| '

method is in common use, particularly in to)tiuol'ogic>.U

studies (Klasuon and Doull, 1930),

The measure of health or disease., is a relative ii iO h S ' i u . ' 5 a i i i u j n t . This study was conducted on 30 fish from tNo

fl«iseparate Bitts. Such ft Ucimp).»• sisu In inauff»ciivnt to Vi^

Lhu- riuinbc-T of Itaianu hiwtulo.jiCnl chinractui iivti v,n||

I AR30I9I51'

o-' ii normal population, Iiawever, thi a 'sample sise its

adsquata to provide comparisons between the health of tl.i-.

fishes sampled in this study. It must be understood that in

« normally disi-.ributad population c\ certain number uf

lesions are expected ( McCain et. al., 1979; Fatten and

Couch, 1901).

The:- application of hi biological markers of offoct io nut

r>'a» to wnvironninntal L*cii.<iu:u- (Dang, 19BO). Tlit- u..ii,- ul all

major tissues is a technique eiipanded from prus-iouw work by

the UniverKity of Maryland Cchoc.il of Medicine1 and" up|vl iud to

fiali l-iealtli in this Cheaapu!j,l,-fc Day (Mhy, u-t al.,. i'J'OEJ. Tliio

tuchniquu uttliucs all visibly cJt;finablu hiuti.-ilogic.-i.il

altorationB which are rit-cordud and statistically treated.

This determines if differonceo in health mint botwoon. ..i

reference and test populations using clearly da-fined markers

of effect.

The use of mild, moderate, or severe* is a common

practice in veterinary diagnostic pathology (Cmith et al.,

1972). It is however subjective, difficult to consistentlyi

upply, and does not lend itself to comparisons between

studies. On the other hand, by using defined lesions that

are recognised and agreed on by two or more pathologists,

consistency and comparability between studios is gained.

Nomenclature used in fish pathology is riot standardised

(Johnson and Bergman, 19B5), Therefore, it is important that:

each lesion or marker found be clearly described as part of

the results.

AR30I9I6

O, ,-

.In this study the health of fish resident to the aquatic

habitats associated with the Wildcat Superfund si to wart-

evaluated and compared to fish from an unaffected habitat

nt-ar a woodland. The criteria for this evaluation was the

frequency of lesions observed histologically. While the

relative differences in fish health can be examined,

howc-v&r, no cause and effect relationship can be determined

for fish U'iihibitincj a higher incidence of lesions, at thitf

stage of investigation, The objective of thiu study is to

determine if adverse effects were being manifesto^ by

resident, populations in habitats adjacent to the superfund

sita as compared with populations resident to a spatially

removed site.

oAR30I9I7

plETHaDOLOSY

Thirty fish were enamined from two aquatic habitats in

thu dettignated urea. This distrbution of specimens taken from

thui wn'.i; IS fish from the Wildcat Superfund Site and 15 iron,

a woodland site,

Fish species were selected on the basis of availability.

Ideally larger fish were desired. However, this species was

the largest and most common available. All fish were

collected using a beach seine. Fish were necropsj^d within

30 minutes following death. All fish were examined and

sampled by making an abdominal incision for internal

examination, and severing the head level with the caudal

ape;; of the operculum.* "i

All fish were fined in Bouins finative (Uuna, 1960) by

total immersion. Fined samples were transferred to the

Aquatic Toxicology and Pathobiology Laboratories of the

Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School' of

Medicine. Upon arrival fresh fixative was added to each

container, and specimens recorded for evaluation. Specimens

were accessioned as case 4275-Q6F.

fill specimens were submitted to Ms. Ann Muhvlch of the

Diagnostic Services Laboratory where they were assigned

random numbers. All records were kept by Ms. Muhvich until

final diagnoses were made. Each fish collected received a

fish designation number, recorded on US EPA Chain of Custody« '

Records, and tisauea transferred to the eusdady of the

AR30I9I8

University of Maryland. Representative sections of the fishl

were taken as cross'sections. All cross sectional ti&sue

slices were processed for paraffin embeddment, sectioned at

6.0 microns, and stained with hematoiialyn arid t-osin (Luna,

1968; Thompson, 1966). Slides were submitted by accession

number and random number to Drs. Reimschuessel and Bennett

for independent evaluations.

Histologies! markers were characterised arid deaiunated

fullowing standards set by Veterinary Pathology (Smith et

al. 1972), and modified to accommodate fish (Roberts, 1970).

. As inadequate standards for nomenclature are available, the

use of veterinary medical standards is necessary to provide

a common and acceptable terminology. Lesions which were

defined and (not subject to dispute as to the actual

presence) were recorded.(their presence positively

identified) ;i

IOi • i|

AR30I9I9

RESULTS

Gross lesions were characterised during field evaluations

and are described using the simplist termn that are

compatable with existing'knowledge (Roberts,1960). There was

no attempt to determine the incidence of the lesions. While

gross lesions are an indicator of impact on a population of

fish, they fail to provide sufficient information far use in

determining the cause and final outcome of such an impact.

The only lesion of significance was the appearance of large

pale livers which was seen in both sample sets.

Lesion incidence in fish from this study was derived from

i induipundeiit histolugical evaluations by two pathologist'* and (£jlj

is presented in Table 2, and the raw data aa appenden 1.

Lesion incidence is expressed as the number of positive

observations per 15 fish examined. Lesions observed were as

fQllOWSI

1. Granuloma of parasitic origin-Theae leuions were seen

in the testiw of one individual from the Wildcat

[ site, and in the liver of one individual (woodland

site) as a parasitic cyst and in the peritoneum of two

individuals (woodland site) as a nematode induced

cyst.

2. Chronic Inflammation - This wasi the most common

inflammatory lesion observed in fish from the test or

) superfund site. It occured in the 4/15 gill samples,

| 1/15 brain samples, 1/15 muscle samples, 1/15 ovarianAR30I920

• csamples, 1/15 testicular samples, and 1/15 liver

samples. The change is similar to granulomatous

inflammation. These lesions were characterised by

infiltration of morionuclear cells into tho utroma of

the tissue examined. Mononuclear cells were usually

lymphocytic, but monocytic cells and macrophages were

noted.'

1. Glycogen Accumulation-This lesion was seen in the

liver of 11/13 (Wildcat) and 14/15 (woodland). The

' lesion is characterised by the appearance & small

vacuoles with indistinct margins within hepatocyteu

which appeared to fill much of the cytoplasm.

5. Thyroid hyperplasia-This lesion was characterised by Q^

the appearance of thyroid folicles.in the gills. Thet •»

lesion was seen in 9/15 (Wildcat) and B/.15 (woodland)

samples. The follicles appear mature and may represent j

active ectopic sites where thyroid tissue migrated :

during development.

6. Congestion was seen in the spleens of B/15 (Wildcat)

and 3/15 (woodland) samples. The lesion is

characterised by dilation of major vessels of theii

spleen.

8. Protosoan parasites-Protozoan parasites were seen in

the brains of 3/15 (Wildcat) individuals.

. .„,.,. 9. Metasoan parasites-6/15 of the Wildcat samplesIQ CDI ^ exhibited trematodos in the aills. ^êxhibited trematodes in the gills.

AR30I92I

i 10I

The number of positive observations for any one lesion

appearing in a specific organ were few. Such sample numbersA

is too low to provide adequate numbers for statisticalcomparisons.

bHR30I922

11O " • oDISCUSSION

This study was undertaken to evaluate the status of

health in fish resident to aquatic habitatB of the Wildcat

Superfund site. Glycogen accumulation is not considered a

specific disease state, but rather a reflection of the

nutritional''and metabolic status of an individual. In thia

case- since many of the fish were observed to have maturing

ovaries and testios, it is possible that glyeogen wats been

mobilised and stared as reservea for the reproductive cycle.

The thyroid lesions while of academic interest did not

appear to vary between the two sites. More work may need to

T be done relative to this particular lesion. 1't is possible (fj*

to argue that the level of chronic inflammation wan highert .n

in the Wildcat population, however the number of individuals

affectd was no greater than 3/15 individuals and thus makes

this observation questionable.

AR30I923

12

0CONCLUSIONS

L'laosd on the grows and histolagical incidence of tissue

changes meaningful differences were found between control or

test populations.

Based urf this, it io the opinion of this unit that

fui-Lhisr use of histolagical indicators fur the Wildcat

Supper-fund is not warranted.

10 i

AR30I92I)

TABLE 1. Incidence of Histological Changes by Organ in

Fundulus heteroelitus Sampled from Wildcat and

Woodland Sites.

Wildcat Woodland

Organ/Lesi'on

Drain/Protozoa 3/15 ' 0/15

Brain/Chronic Infl. 1/15 0/15

Gills/Chronic Infl. 1/15 0/15 *.

Gilly/Trematode 6/15 0/13

Livur/Glycogen 11/15 M/1S

Liver/Chronic Infl. 1/15 0/15

Cpleen/Congestion 0/15 3/15« „

Thyroid Hyperplasia 9/15 E/15

Testis/Chronic Infl. 1/15 0/15

Ovaries/Chronic Infl. 1/15 0/1S

Muscle/CHronic Infl. I/IS 0/1S .

Shin/Chronic Infl. 1/15 1/15

AR30I925

O

Bang, F.B., 1930. Monitoring pathological changes as theyoccur in estuaries and in the ocean in order to meaaurapollution (with special reference to invcjrtebratea) . In,Biqloqicnl Effects of Marine Pollution and this Problem ofI'lonit grino, A.D. Nelntyre, .and J.B. Pearce (Eds.) ConseilInternational pour 1 'Exploration de la Mer, Copenhagen,Denmark, pp, 11G-124.

Band, C.E., .1979. 61 ql ogy of Fi shea. W.B. Saundera Co.,Philadelphia. 511 pp.

Chitwood, M. and J.R. Liehteinf wlu, 1972. Identif ication ofparasitic mutasoa in tisuue suctions.Parasite! ogy, 32:407~G19.

Hubbs, C.L. and K.F. Lagler, 19518. jri iiht.it. al .....thij; .,fir-L>.it.....|'(t,"jQipn. Cranbrool: Insitituto c'f Science.', Bulletin Wo. 2

pp. ': V

Johnson, R.D., and ILL. Kergman, 19G5. Uiii; rifin aquatic toiiicologyso critique. In, CDilTftHlHam Efttmon Fisher JBBi, V.W. Cairns, P.V. Hodson, and J.O. Nriagu(Eds.). Wiley Intersicitince, New York. pp. 17-36.

Klass&n, C.D., and J. Doull, 1900. Evaluation of safety:,tOHicologic evaluation. In, Caasarett and Dour n 'aTpijieoloq_y_i_ The Bnaie Science of Poisoriis, J. Doull,U. Klassen, and H.Q. Amdur (Eda.). Mcmillian PublishingCo. New York. 7713 pp,

Krull, W.H., 1969. fjotes in ygtBi-inary Paraai.tolpgy. TheUniversity Press of Kansas, Lawrence, Kunwas. B99 pp.

Luna, L.G. (Ed.), 196Q. M.'ipual of HistglDcii cH&thods of 'the Arm'eci Forcoa Institute) of PatholeiqviI'lcGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 25Q pp.

May, E.B., M.J. Garrois, and M.M. Lipsky, 190B.Histological Markers of Environmental Effect. FourthSymposium on Coastal and Ocean Management. 1; 691-69Q.

May, E.B., 19B5. Report to the Department of Health '*ndMental Hygiene, Office of Environmental Programs, Waterhanagenient Division) 19B4 Collections from the ChesapeakeBay.

Mop tarty, F., 1985. . EcotoKiEolpaviThe Study, of. .PollLitqn.te'in Ecooyateitic. Academic Press Inc. London. 233 pp. jl

Noble, E.R. , and G.A. Noble, 1971. gar asi tol ogv! The Bl ol oovcif Animal Parasites Third Edition. Lea and

AR30I926

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Volume IV - US Environmental Protection Agency · b Volume IV Appendices to the Biological Assessment Prepared for State of Delaware Dopartmflnl of Natural Resources and Environmental