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Three caregivers welcomed the first 10 children. The 6,000- square-foot center now has eight staff members caring for the children grouped according to their ages: babies between 12 weeks and 18 months old, younger and older toddlers, 3-and 4-year-olds, and older children. Having enough good child care is a priority in Hardy County. One of the state's fastest- growing counties, it • BY JoYcE BowER
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EXTENSION
Center takes its beginning steps • BY JoYcE BowER
Like new parents, organizers of
Hardy County's only licensed day
care center have undergone a
birth. It took years of labor before their "baby" was born March 3,
1997. That was opening day for
the appropriately named Begin
ning Steps.
With careful nurturing, the
Beginning Steps Child Care
Center has matured over the past
few months. Enrollment has
grown from I 0 to 70 children.
The average daily attendance is 30
babies, toddlers, and preschoolers;
five kindergarten
students who
spend a half-day
there; and seven
children who
participate in an after-school
program.
Three caregivers welcomed the
first 10 children. The 6,000-
square-foot center now has eight staff members caring for the
children grouped according to
their ages: babies between 12
weeks and 18 months old,
younger and older toddlers, 3- and 4-year-olds, and
older children.
Having enough
good child care is a
priority in Hardy
County. One of the
state's fastest
growing counties, it
has a low unemployment rate (3 .1
percent) and many employed
parents. Its population is around
11,000 people.
From its conception to its birth
and its first months of existence,
Beginning Steps has been a true
community project. The collabo-
continued on Page 3
Nicole Wright, staff member at the
Beginning Steps Child Care Center, he Ips
two children with a crah project.
Greetings
As I mentioned in the last issue of Vision, the West Virginia University Extension Service is moving toward a statewide, WVU-wide, system of outreach and public service. To do this, we in extension will be collaborating with many new and traditional partners, both within and outside the university.
As articles in this issue make clear, our state's citizens and communities can reap greater benefits when many partners pool their resources and work together to solve problems.
In Hardy County, for example, a coalition of community groups, business and industry, churches, volunteers, and agencies-including extension-worked to plan, fund, build, and staff a licensed child care center. As one organizer said, the project "worked because the community wanted it to work."
Another story details the pollination problems facing Eastern Panhandle orchardists after mites decimated the honey bees. Growers turned to extension faculty, who looked to research scientists at WVU and the U.S. Department of Agriculture for assistance. The project even involved local high school students, who built pollen-bee nesting boxes to sell to producers.
I'm excited about a new statewide collaboration that will link the fields
2
of agriculture and medicine. Under the Agromedicine Program, health sciences professors from WVU and Marshall University will train state physicians to treat people injured in farm accidents involving equipment or chemicals. Doctors also will have a hot-line number to call with their questions about occupational injuries. During Farm Day at the Legislature Jan. 21, I will represent extension in signing the memorandum of understanding creating the program. Many other partners will sign, including representatives of the Farm Bureau, the W.Va. Department of Agriculture, the WVU and MU schools of medicine, and the WVU College of Agriculture, Forestry and Consumer Sciences.
Another current cooperative effort is the West Virginia Honor Roll program for 101 outstanding high school juniors in the state. The WVUsponsored program features career exploration symposia this winter at WVU, Marshall University, and Concord College. After each threeday symposium, the students return to their high schools to serve as peer mentors, the goal being to increase the college-going rate in our state. WVU's two symposia were held at Jackson's Mill State 4-H Camp and Conference Center in December.
As pointed out recently by WVU President David Hardesty, Jackson's Mill is being developed as a special-mission regional campus of the university.
I am pleased to report we have a new executive director of Jackson's Mill. David R. Mann, a native West Virginian and 4-H All Star, joined us Dec. 1. He is the ideal person to lead Jackson's Mill as it enhances its
service to state youth and adults. David's extraordinary accomplishments in developing youth camping programs, his diverse background in hotel and restaurant management, and his strong administrative and people skills are what is needed at the Mill.
We are working together, with other university officials and other stakeholders, to restate the mission of Jackson's Mill and to fulfill our vision for it: "Jackson's Mill is a WVU campus that provides youth and adults a unique natural and historic setting for community living and study."
As we enter a new year, I'm looking forward to continuing collaborations with our many partners as we take WVU's research- and experience-based knowledge and service to citizens throughout West Virginia.
Lawrence S. Cote Associate Provost & Director
~mission of the
(}!/ W~~ Virginia University
Extension Service is to form
learning partnerships with the
people of west Virginia to enable
them to improve their lives and
communities. To these partnerships,
we bring useful research- and
experience-based knowledge that
facilitates critical thinking and skill
development.
Extension Vision : Fall/Winter 1997-98
continued from Page 1
rative effort involved many local
groups, including the WVU
Extension Service and the Family
Issues Task Force.
"It's a community project that
worked because the community
wanted it to work," said Paige
Alexander, director of special
projects with the Hardy County
Extension Office.
"No one said no when we
asked," she commented, naming
industry, businesses, churches,
banks, agencies, and individuals.
"Everyone pitched in, not really
caring who got the credit."
As project director for Begin
ning Steps, Alexander traveled to
centers in other states to see what
they had done and to talk with
providers about setting up a
facility. Much of the project's
early stages was funded by a
planning grant from the Benedum
Foundation, "our lifeline to
getting this done," Alexander
noted. She also worked with the
architect, applied to other funding
sources, and ordered equipment.
Before Alexander started
working on the nuts and bolts,
Extension Agent Miriam
Leatherman and other community
leaders worked on the planning
stages.
The initial dream of
starting a day care
center came from the
Center director Becky Newman enjoys a happy moment with a toddler.
Family Issues Task Force, a
community improvement group
that organized after the disastrous
flood of 1985. But it took expan
sion of the county's poultry
industry to help make the dream
come true.
Industry opened the door
"There's been a need here for a
long time, and the task force
investigated lots of options," said
Leatherman. "Finally, the person
nel director of Wampler-Longacre
Foods [now WLR Foods] came to
the task force and requested help
in obtaining a day care center.
After training new employees, the
company was losing some of
them because of the lack of
child care."
The agent continued, "Industry
asking for a center opened the
door for the Rural Development
Authority (RDA) to get involved
in the bricks-and-mortar aspect of
the project."
After community groups spent years of planning for Hardy County's first licensed day care center, construction of the 6,000· square-foot facility got under way in 1996.
Mallie Combs, executive
director of the RDA, agrees.
"When we did industry retention
visits, child care was identified as
a need because of absenteeism in
the workplace. Then, Miriam
took the lead to do surveys of
employees." Of the 62 employees
from four local companies who
answered the surveys, 52 said
they needed some form of child
care. The RDA and the task force
applied to the Appalachian
Regional Commission and the
Governor's Partnership
Grant in April 1993.
Land, construc-
tion, and
equipment
cost approxi-
mately
As a public
entity, the
RDA owns the pwperty and is
eligible to receive funds, but it
leases the facility to the center's
board of directors for $1 per year.
Although she calls the venture
"industry driven," Combs also
emphasizes the community
collaboration aspect: "We all
work well together here and share
the same vision. Working coop
eratively allowed us to combine
resources and achieve lots of things."
Combs is a member of the
center's board of directors, which
is headed by Leatherman. The
agent and the school system's
director of special education share
the task of supervising the
center's program.
Alexander says that much of
her colleague's work as board
president involves things "you
don't really see because it's
behind the scenes, and Miriam's
very good at keeping
ahead of
prob
lems."
4
One of the agent's aims is to make
the center "palatable to parents
who have not used one before,"
stated the project director.
Grant County resident Jeff
Herrick, a physical therapist who
works in Hardy County, is presi
dent of the center's parents'
group. His two children previ
ously attended a day care center in
Pittsburgh. He sees his role as a
board member as a "go-between,
to serve as a parent representative
and relay their concerns." Ac
cording to Herrick,
the parents are
committed to
having a center that
is "the best it
possibly can be.
We know what the
best ones have, and
we want ours to have
the same things."
Both Alexander and
Leatherman praised
local companies for their
generous help with opening and
maintaining Beginning Steps,
including building cabinets,
setting up equipment, providing
mulch under outdoor play equip
ment, installing a fence, mowing
the grass-the list goes on. "It's
not money in hand, but it
might as well be,"
Alexander remarked.
Children's needs important
Tom Widder, vice president for
engineering at Hester Industries,
predicts that his company and
others will continue to support the
center. "The Hester family is
community-minded and commit
ted to the project and has let me
do what I need to do," he said.
As vice president of the
center's board of directors,
Widder has worked hard to see
that Beginning Steps suits the
needs of kids: "It's a
service to parents,
but the children
are what's
important."
He's
pleased with
the center's
location, which
was obtained with
the help of the RDA
and the county
commission. It's in
the "next develop
ment area for Moorefield, near the
new middle school, the industrial
park, the Moorefield bypass, and
maybe Corridor H."
Widder calls staffing "our
biggest challenge because we try
to accommodate walk-ins, which
is difficult after the weekly staff
schedule is set. Many people
Extension Vision: Fall/Winter 1997-98
Extension Agent Miriam Leatherman chats with a part-time center aHendee before she leaves for her kindergarten session at a local school.
don't realize we have to follow
rules and regulations on how
many staff we must have to care
for certain numbers of children.
"We have very good staff," he continued. "This is Becky's
[Newman] first job, and it's been
a learning experience for her and
for us, because being on the board
is not even part-time work-you
do what you have to do."
Before joining the center,
Director Becky Newman worked
as a nanny for a Morgantown
family. "I'm glad I could get a
job in my field in my hometown,"
said the 1996 WVU graduate,
who has a degree in child devel
opment.
Newman is pleased that five of
her staff -the lead teacher in each
Extension Vision: Fall/Winter 1997-98
Margaret Ann Redman (center), a local care provider for many years, loves working with children.
room-are taking a child develop
ment course that Leatherman
requested Shepherd College to
conduct in Moorefield. Their
tuition is covered by a Family
Resource Network training grant
received by the center.
Such staff training will help the
center become what organizers
envisioned from the beginning:
that Beginning Steps would be
more than a care-giving center ...
that it would be a developmental
center for children.
"We have a good staff, and
they want the center to be what
we want it to be," observed
Alexander.
Her words were echoed by
staff member Margaret Ann Redman ("Nan" to the children):
After a busy morning filled with lots of developmentally appropriate activities, the children are ready for their afternoon naps at Beginning Steps.
"I certainly wanted to see us have
this center for years. Now that
we've got it, it's going to take us
[the staff] to make it go."
Now that Beginning Steps has
been born, organizers realize that
much work lies ahead. Funding
will remain a concern. The costs
didn't stop with the building's
construction; operating costs for
the first year alone are an
estimated $167,000.
Agent Leatherman's vision is
for the center "to become totally
self-sufficient." She realizes it
will "take a while" for that vision
to become a reality. But she and
the other planners believe it will
happen eventually, even if they do
have a few more years of labor
ahead of them .
•
5
'Alternative' bees pollinating crops • Bv GRAcE TRUMAN
Running a large commercial
orchard involves plenty of chal
lenges. But, one thing that Garry
Shanholtz never had to worry
about before was pollination.
"With all of the woods around
here, we had plenty of wild
bees-up until the last two or
three years, anyway," the Hamp
shire County orchardist noted.
"They were something we just
took for granted."
Not any more. Shanholtz and
his fellow growers in the Eastern
Panhandle have watched with
mounting concern as a double
whammy of mites-varroa and
tracheal by name-is decimating
honey bee populations locally and
nationwide. The industrious little
insects that used to pollinate the
apple and peach blooms in
Shanholtz's 150-acre orchard are
virtually gone.
"We have about 5 percent of
the honey bees we had three years
ago," says Patrick Porter, West
Virginia University entomologist
and extension specialist in inte
grated pest management. "There
will always be a low level of wild
bees, but we need more."
Bees carry pollen grains from
male flower parts to female parts,
the first step in fruit production.
Without pollination, there is no
apple. But, the so-called pollina-
6
tion crisis involves more than tree
fruit. Since honey bees pollinate
about $10 billion worth of crops
each year, the threat to agriculture
is real. All told, at least a third of
North America's food supply
depends directly or indirectly on
pollination by insects, mostly
bees.
Research is under way at
WVU and other institutions to
identify ways to treat the mites
plaguing honey bees. And over
the last year, West Virginia
growers have worked closely with
WVU Extension Service special
ists and agents to introduce other
bee species to assume critical
pollination duties. One of the
most concerted efforts is in
Hampshire County, where Exten
sion agent Robert Cheves is a
leader in an alternative pollinators
program involving orchardists,
researchers, educators, and local
high school students.
Honey bees' rise and fall
Honey bees are not native to
North America. They were
brought here in the 17th century
by European settlers, who used
their beeswax to make candles
and their honey to sweeten food.
While still valued for these
products, honey bees also became
major crop pollinators over the
years. Because their colonies are
perennial and easy to manage,
they could be moved easily from
one site to another to assure
pollination. By the mid-1980s,
the United States had 4.3 million
commercial honey bee colonies.
Then, the deadly parasites ap
peared on the scene.
According to the U.S. Depart
ment of Agriculture, tracheal
mites were first spotted in this
country in 1984; the varroa mite
arrived three years later. The
USDA scientists say the tracheal
mite infestation originated in
Europe, the varroa mites in Asia.
Tracheal mites invade the
breathing tubes of adult bees,
suffocating them. Varroa mites
suck blood from both the adults
and pupae. They also are vectors
of several diseases that further
weaken bee colonies. The toll has
been catastrophic: An estimated
60 percent of domestic honey bee
colonies have been killed, along
with 90 percent or more of the
wild honey bee populations in
some areas.
Over the last decade, scientists
have scrambled to find ways to
treat for mite infestation. At
WVU, bee researcher James
Amrine and others are reporting
promising results using natural
Extension Vision : Fall/Winter 1997-98
mint oils, such as wintergreen and
patchouli, mixed into oil or grease.
Dr. Amrine also has achieved good
mite control with menthol and
canola oil mixtures. Disseminating
his findings via the World Wide
the area. There are more than
20,000 species of pollen bees
worldwide. Porter and Cheves are
emphasizing two of these species:
the hornfaced bee, which is used
widely in Japan for apple pollina-
Web, he is supporting experimenta- tion, and the orchard mason bee,
tion by many private beekeepers
striving to protect their hives.
Federal scientists at USDA's
Carl Hayden Bee Research Labora
tory in Tucson, Ariz., have reported
improved honey bee survival with
the use of smaller starter honey
comb cells. The reason is not yet
clear; however, researchers suspect
that building smaller cells con
serves the bees' strength, enabling
them to better cope with the stress
of a mite infestation.
These and other research efforts
may yet provide salvation for the
beleaguered honey bee. Growers
like Shanholtz, however, cannot
afford to wait and see. With
pollination already declining, they
need to find alternative ways to
pollinate their crops-now.
Exploring the options
West Virginia orchardists turned
to the WVU Extension Service for
help in investigating alternatives
back in the summer of 1996. "As
we talked with growers, it became
clear that we needed different types
of bees to fill the void," Cheves
recalled. "We started exploring the
use of pollen bees rather than honey
bees to pollinate crops and wild
flowers."
Dr. Porter at WVU and Cheves
introduced a program to establish
and build pollen bee populations in
Extension Vision : Fall/Winter 1997-98
a North American native. They
are known to be super-efficient
pollinators-as much as 80 times
more efficient than honey bees!
Hampshire County's WVU Extension agent Bob
Cheves, left, checks fruit set with Romney orchardist
Garry Shanholtz.
With honey bee populations plunging, fruit growers are
trying to establish populations of pollen bees
to perform critical crop pollination duties. Here, grower Garry Shanholtz
inspects a bee tube used to house hornfaced bees.
Paul Roomsburg, left, Hampshire County
vocational agriculture teacher, and Patrick Porter,
WVU Extension specialist, secure bee tubes on fruit
tree branches.
These bees do not produce
honey or wax, but they have some
distinct advantages over honey
bees, Porter added. "They are
relatively docile and not apt to
sting, so they can be reared quite
easily by homeowners and
farmers. They are excellent
pollinators. And, most impor
tantly, they are immune to tra
cheal and varroa mite attack."
7
Student Sherry Kesner drills holes in a wooden bee box, which will become a home for orchard mason bees.
Suzanne Batra, an entomolo
gist at the USDA's Bee Research
Laboratory in Beltsville, Md., has
been studying and raising pollen
bees for more than 35 years. A
national authority on hornfaced
bees, she provided the bee larvae
and the management information
needed to help West Virginia
growers get started. Her bee
articles, care manual, and suppli
ers list are accessible through the
WVU-ES's World Wide Web site.
Because pollen bees do not
live in hives, growers must
provide plenty of nesting places to
keep them near the orchards. To
help meet that need, vocational
agriculture and special services
8
teachers at Hampshire County
High School launched a school
based program to construct
custom devices that the bees would call home. Again, Dr.
Batra came through with specific
information on bee shelter re
quirements.
Vocational agriculture teacher
Paul Roomsburg said his students
shared in concerns about crop
pollination and wanted to get
involved. "We made a demon
stration block for housing mason
bees. Then, we broke down the
construction into a series of steps
to provide hands-on learning
activities for students with mental
or physical disabilities."
Teacher Laurie Smith assists a student as she cuts chicken wire pieces, which are used to protect the bee houses from predators.
Special services teacher John
Foshay secured a grant to pur
chase the materials and tools
needed to make the wood block
boxes. Working together, his
students made and sold 600 of
these boxes to Hampshire County
fruit growers.
Next, Roomsburg and his
students designed a shelter for the
hornfaced bee larvae. Fashioned
from readily available material
polyvinyl chloride pipe sections,
slim paper tubes, and chicken
wire-the tubes are simple,
inexpensive, and durable. They
are hung strategically throughout
the orchards during the growing
season. They also can be easily
Extension Vision: Fall/Winter 1997-98
moved to a shed, barn, or other
enclosed place over the winter.
Cheves and local fruit growers
have served as technical consult
ants for the high school students.
Financial support also has come
from state and local minigrants.
Roy Milleson, president of the
Hampshire County Future Farm
ers of America Alumni, said his
group considered it a worthy
investment.
"The honey bee problem
affects everything from orchard
crops to people's backyard
gardens," Milleson explained.
"We liked this idea, and we
wanted to help out on it."
The special services students
are acquiring new skills that can
Extension Vision: Fall/Winter 1997-98
These thin paper tubes will be inserted into pipe pieces to provide suitable quarters for hornfaced bee larvae.
help them after they graduate.
Many of these students go on to
employment at a local sheltered
workshop. According to
Roomsburg and Foshay, growing
demand for these bee shelters
might mean the entire project
could be handed over to the
workshop, providing additional
employment opportunities.
In fact, says Porter, raising
pollen bees could become a
profitable cottage industry across
the state. The WVU specialist
predicts a "huge market" for
alternative pollinators as the
honey bee decline continues.
"Bees that are acclimated to
local conditions fare better as far
as spring emergence is con-
cerned," he noted. "There will be
a need for a lot of small opera
tions to supply local growers."
In Hampshire County, fruit
growers concentrated on estab
lishing pollen bees during 1997.
The pollination rate next spring
will be the first test of their
success.
In the meantime, the growers
are sure of just one thing-they'll
never again take the bees for
granted.
• Learn more about alternative
pollinators on the World Wide Web:
http://www. wvu.edu/-agexten/ iprn/insects/pollinat/ cont. bees
9
G'day for 1m in Australia & in West Virginia Smooth traveling requires sound
planning. Before leaving for Australia, Allison (Ali) Ebert smoothed out numerous international travel details by working with Rich Fleisher, WVU Extension's international specialist. • BY JERRY KESSEL & FLORITA MONTGOMERY
A few months ago if you had
said "good day" to Allison Ebert,
you'd probably have received the
same response.
Offer that greeting now, and
she just might answer you with a bright "g' day."
Why? Because she's just back
from Australia, Ali is. And that's
where "g' day" is the preferred
version of "good day."
Ali, as she prefers to be called,
is West Virginia's 1997 Interna
tional4-H Youth Exchangee (IFYE).
The IFYE program is an in
depth learning experience for
young adults to live and work
with host families in one of 25
countries. Programs vary from
country to country.
Some emphasize an agricul
tural work experience with
families or in a
training center. Others emphasize Soon, that belief will be con-
working with a youth development firmed for her again. In January, the
program. next leg of her journey begins-a
Although West Virginia's IFYEs journey that will draw from her
have been shipping out to foreign every day life in Australia.
countries since the 1940s, Ali was Only this time, Ali will live with
the first to be assigned to Australia. West Virginia host families. As she
The daughter of Garland and tours the state for the next six
Charnelle Ebert of Burlington, the months, she'll reverse her recent
22-year-old traveler lived with host experiences. Her slides and stories
families in Australia from mid- will be about Australia and Austra
September until late December. As lians. Her audiences again will be
a working ambassador, her main mostly young people-4-H'ers and
task was just to be Ali-a represen- their classmates in schools and
tative of West Virginia, U.S.A. community groups throughout the
Ali is a firm believer that "the
things we experience
every day help us
to prepare for
things that
happen in the
Mountain State.
She'll know what her West
Virginia audiences want to hear.
She's been a member of and
worked with many youth groups.
"Shop till you drop" takes on a new meaning in Melbourne's Victoria Market, which offers more than 1,000 stalls to shoppers. Ali discovered that Victoria Market sells everything from fresh fruits to dried skins. She also "bought" a liHie local history in this major Melbourne attraction, which
she reports has been providing trade in the middle of the city since 1859 and is the
city's only surviving market from the 19th century.
Good manners dictate a gift for each host family. Charnelle Ebert, Ali's mother, puts the finishing touches on what may become a West Virginia heirloom for an Australian family.
After a 22-hour flight to Melbourne, Australia, Ali is ready to step into her international adventure. It begins with many introductions: first, to David Dunn (right), an Australian Rural Youth coordinator; next, to other IFYEs from Japan, Switzerland, and Sweden (already in the van); and then, to the van itselfAli's first experience with a vehicle that has a right-side steering wheel. Next introduction: David driving the van on the left side of the road!
Ali (left) went down to South Australia, and guess who she met in Gawler? Angela Branson! Last year, Angela just happened to have been a youth exchangee to Sweden. And that's where Angela met Ali's friend, Mary Williams-who last year was West Virginia's exchangee to Sweden. "We laughed about how it seemed to be a small world," Ali said.
A 4-H club member in Mineral
County for 12 years, Ali first
joined the Antioch Crusaders.
That club later merged with the
Klover 4-H Club to become the
Klover Crusaders.
Ali's many 4-H activities prove
she was more than just a 4-H
member in name only. She
participated on forestry, livestock,
and poultry 4-H judging teams,
and completed projects about
rabbits, sheep, and cattle.
Growing up on the family farm
gave Ali more than an opportunity
to pursue a variety of 4-H agricul
tural projects. It also prepared her
for Australia.
Ali's host families probably
were happy to discover that their
hard-working guest was experi
enced in making hay, running
farm machinery, and doing basic
farm repairs.
The well-rounded IFYE also
brought her community and
Extension Vision: Fall/Winter 1997-98
college experiences to her cultural
exchange.
While a high school student,
she became a member of the
Burlington Volunteer Fire Depart
ment. She also belongs to the
Country Lanes Extension Home
makers Club, who helped her
prepare gifts for her host families
in Australia.
She began her college career at
Potomac State College, where she
was a guard for the women's
basketball team. "That was a
wonderful experience," she said.
"It taught me a lot about people."
She graduated from WVU in
December 1996 with a bachelor of
science degree in psychology.
Eventually, Ali intends to pursue a
career in the criminal justice
system, perhaps with the Federal
Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
Central Intelligence Agency
(CIA), or Food and Drug Admin
istration ( FDA).
But, in the meantime, Ali will
be touring her home state, sharing
a bit of her new accent and a lot of
her new understanding about the
land "down under."
Allison Ebert will speak about
her Australian experiences
somewhere near you. Check with
your county's WVU Extension
Office for details.
• The International Extension Program of the West Virginia University Extension Service conducts the I FYE program in the Mountain State. The IFYE Alumni Association and the CD International Program Services oversee the program notionally. Funding assistance for the IFYE program is provided by 4-H clubs, 4-H alumni, friends of 4-H, and the West Virginia 4-H and WVU Foundation Inc.
11
Committee Learns about
New WVU Team- Community
economic development was just
one of the WVU outreach pro
grams discussed by the West
Virginia University Extension
Service Visiting Committee when
it held its fall meeting in
Morgantown. The 23-member
advisory board represents a cross
section of community interests
and needs from throughout the
state. Discussing how WVU's
Community Design Team pro-
gram can help small towns and
neighborhoods identify and
achieve their goals are: (left to
right) Lawrence S. Cote, WVU's
associate provost for Extension
and Public Service and director of
the Cooperative Extension
Service; Denise Hemmings,
director, Nutrition Services, West
Virginia Women, Infants and
Children (WIC) Program,
Charleston; and Mickey Curry,
program manager, WSAZ-TV,
Huntington.
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Lawrence S. Cote Associate Provost for Extension & Public Service; Director, Cooperative Extension Service P.O. Box 6031, Knapp Hall Morgantown, WV 26505-6031
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