Voltage dips testing compaign in the ECO 100

Montserrat Mata-Dumenjó

20th April 2009

Montserrat Mata-Dumenjó

Agenda

1. Introduction

2. ECO100 presentation

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3. Simulation Models

4. Factory and Site Test

ECOTÈCNIA 100 – Main features

The ECOTÈCNIA 100 from ALSTOM, a new range of large, high power turbines for onshore use, setting a new standard for Clean Power.

It’s the result of 3 years of research and development, applying the most advanced and innovative features in wind turbine technology.

The ECOTÈCNIA 100 offers 3.0 MW of power, 100 m of rotor diameter and is designed for class II-A sites.

The modular build concept allows the optimisation of component features, with gearbox stress reduction a high priority.

• Ecotècnia unique mechanical design concept

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concept

• Modularity design

• Independent pitch control in each blade

• Revolutionary new nacelle conception

• Three differents tower heights: 80, 90 and 100 m

• Own SCADA system

• Maintenance oriented design

• Environmental compatibility

• Maximum grid compatibility

ECOTÈCNIA 100 – General Views

Blade

Nacelle

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Tower

The control system is based on a platform developed by Ecotècnia: GALILEO.It is a decentralized system that implements the regulatory characteristicsalready used for previous platforms but provides major additionaladvantages.

Ecotècnia developed its own SCADA (Supervisory Control And DataAcquisition) system, based on more than 25 years of turbines maintenance.This tool provides remote acces to the wind turbine data: generated power,rotor rpm, electrical data, main components temperature, wind conditionsand wind turbine status, among others, are displayed in real time and savedas data-files.

ECOTÈCNIA 100 – Control System

Aux Pitch Box

• Distributed wiring(sensors integrated into thecomponent during themanufacturing process) CAN

GALILGALILGALILGALILEOEOEOEO

Axi

Batteries Box Gen

Box

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Control Cabine

Power Cabinet

Block 1 Cabinet

Deflector Box

Inverter Cabinet

manufacturing process) CANbus sensor and actuatorconnection

• Configuration flexibilityand adaptation to changesdemanded by the customer

• Communication protocolsaccording with the OPCStandard

• Standardized hardware forinternal control systems(performance and featuresimprovement)

• Grid interfacecharacteristics required by

al Box

Component Length Weight

Tower (80 m steel)

77.5 m 230 t

Nacelle (without rotor)

9.4 m 100 t

Rotor 5.3 m 50 t

Blade 48.8 m 10 t

Principal Characteristics

Rated power 3.0 MW

Rotor diameter 100.8 m

Wind turbine class IEC/EN-

61400-1II-A

Cut-in and cut-out wind speed 3 m/s – 25 m/s

ECOTÈCNIA 100 –Specifications

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Blade 48.8 m 10 t out wind speed (mean 10’)

3 m/s – 25 m/s

Speed range 7.94 – 14.3 rpm

ControlPitch + variable

speed

GearboxPlanetary,

parallel shafts

GeneratorInduction with wound rotor

TransformerIntegrated in the nacelle up

to 30 kVApprox. 180 t180 t180 t180 ton the tower

Eco100: planning

• Prototype running .............April 2008

• Operative test ...................December 2008

− Type approval

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− Type approval − Power quality

• LFRT test .......................... Going on

• First Series commissioning......... July 2009

LFRT test methodology

Simulation FAT SAT

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FAT SAT

Grid Code tests

1. REE PO12.3 (Spain)

2. RTE,2006 (France)

3. IEC 61400-21, 2008

4. PSE, 2006 (Poland)

5. Terna, 2007 (Italy)

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6. National Grid, 2007 (UK)

7. E.ON, 2006 (Germany)

8. HQ, 2006 (Quebec)

9. REE PO12.2 (Spain)

• Study of the internal effects of voltage perturbation on the grid.

− Electrical effects (current and voltage).− Mechanical effects (speed and loads).

• Study of the internal effects of voltage

Models: Objectives

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• Study of the internal effects of voltage perturbation on the grid.

− Electrical effects (current and voltage).− Mechanical effects (speed and loads).

• Analysis of new strategies for grid code fulfillment.

Join electrical and mechanical and aerodynamics models

It is integrated a DLL made from Simulink-Matlab electric model in Bladed mechanical

and aerodynamics model.

Model integration

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and aerodynamics model.

Electrical model

• Converter control diagram:

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Electrical model

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Knowledge: MechanicalMechanical model

Simulation software

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• Active and reactive power during a sag:

Simulation results

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• Line currents and chopper activation during a sag:

Simulation results

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Model results (Simulation)

• Different strategies during a sag, load effects:

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Factory Test (FAT)

• Functional test on converter factory site.

• Test of fault detection.

• Communication channels with wind turbine controller.

− Time and delays test.− Filters for analogical values definition.

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• Tested the algorithms at limited power (with a smaller electric machine).

− Reaction time.− Active and reactive current injection.− Behavior recovery time.− Not disconnection.− Crowbar behaviors.− Power consumption.

Factory test (FAT)

• Load test for mechanical components in special

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in special conditions.

Site test (SAT)

Previous validation tasks

• Wind farm impact simulation .Digsilent simulations to check the voltage dip impact on the SE Les Colladetes

• Imax cc=480 A (max. current through SE La Collada 20kV switch-gear)

• Voltage dip on windfarm=4%

• Other windfarm connected are warned about these voltage dip generation in the 20kV line.

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• Check the parameters and software is ready and OK for LFRT

1. Converter2. Pitch3. Galileo

• Preliminary voltage dips to “clean” errors and adjust the converter 3ph and 2ph dips at partial powerpartial powerpartial powerpartial power (30%)

• V=60%• T dip=500ms

Site test (SAT)

• Voltage dip 3ph; 100-70% of Pn (3000 kW), 10% Vn, 500 ms (required in Germany)

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Site Test (SAT)

• Voltage dip 3ph; 10-30% of Pn (478 kW), 0% Vn, 250 ms (Required in France).

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Site test (SAT)

• Voltage dip 2ph; 10-30% of Pn (3000 kW), 50% Vn, 1900 ms (Required in Poland).

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Site test (SAT)

•Misalignment of low speed shaft analysis controlled by 3 inductive sensors.

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• We have models for most of the components

• Simulations results are near to reality.

• We are testing different strategies.

• We are going on in machine certification.

• Until now we have finish:

Conclusions

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• Until now we have finish:

− Official test for Spanish certification. (PO 12.3)

− Official test for France certification.− Official test for Poland certification.− Official test for IEC rule.

• Is planed to finish certification on June. (Italy, UK, Germany, American, Spanish PO 12.2)

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