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Volcanoes

Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

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Page 1: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

Volcanoes

Page 2: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

Notes:Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface.Volcanoes can change the Earth's surface.When magma (melted rock) erupts from the volcano the top of the mountain can be changed, either built up or exploded off.

Page 3: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

The lava and ash can destroy forests and bury fields.Magma is melted rock beneath the Earth's surface. Once magma reaches the Earth's surface, it is called lava.Volcanic eruptions can change Earth's weather patterns.

Page 4: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

Are volcanoes considered to be a constructive or destructive force? Why?

Page 5: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

Earthquakes, Tsunamis,

and Landslides

Page 6: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

How does Earth move? The Earth is made of layers. The outer layer is the crust. The crust is broken into 30 pieces called tectonic plates. The crust floats on the next layer of the Earth called the mantle. The mantle is made of molten rock called magma.The tectonic plates have been moving for hundreds of million years! This movement is the cause of many of the Earth's landforms.

Let's take a closer look at plate tectonics...

Page 7: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

Where are Earth's plates?

Page 8: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

How does the Earth's movement create mountains?

When Earth plates push toward each other, a mountain is formed.

Page 9: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

What are earthquakes?Earthquakes are vibrations on Earth's surface caused by a sudden movement in the Earth, often along a fault. A fault is a break in the Earth's surface.

Some earthquakes cause little damage while others cause a lot of damage.

Page 10: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

The scale that scientists use to measure the strength of an earthquake is called

the Richter Scale.

Page 11: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

Here is another form of the Richter Scale.

Page 12: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

What is a landslide?Landslides occur in all U.S. states and territories. In a landslide, masses of rock, earth, or debris move down a slope. Landslides may be small or large, slow or rapid. They are activated by: sstorms searthquakes svolcanic eruptions sfires salternate freezing or thawing ssteepening of slopes by erosion or human modification

Page 13: Volcanoes. Notes: Volcanoes are mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes can

What are tsunamis?

A tsunami is a series of enormous waves that happen after an undersea disturbance, such as an earthquake, landslide, or volcano eruption.Please remember that tsunamis are NOT related to the weather!!!!